CVE-2025-12474 (GCVE-0-2025-12474)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-11 15:27 – Updated: 2026-02-11 21:41
VLAI
Title
libjxl: Uninitialized memory read in decoder due to incorrect optimization in patch handling
Summary
A specially-crafted file can cause libjxl's decoder to read pixel data from uninitialized (but allocated) memory. This can be done by causing the decoder to reference an outside-image-bound area in a subsequent patches. An incorrect optimization causes the decoder to omit populating those areas.
Severity
2.3 (Low)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2026-02-11 21:41 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-908 - Use of Uninitialized Resource
Assigner
Google CNA under the Google root
CNA scorecard B 77/100 over 40 records in the last 180 days details
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
Google libjxl Affected: 0.7 , ≤ 0.11.1 (semver)
guessed Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-12474",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-02-11T21:41:29.565595Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-02-11T21:41:40.223Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
          "product": "libjxl",
          "vendor": "Google",
          "versions": [
            {
              "lessThanOrEqual": "0.11.1",
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0.7",
              "versionType": "semver"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "supportingMedia": [
            {
              "base64": false,
              "type": "text/html",
              "value": "\u003cp\u003eA specially-crafted file can cause libjxl\u0027s decoder to read pixel data from uninitialized (but allocated) memory.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis can be done by causing the decoder to reference an outside-image-bound area in a subsequent patches. An incorrect optimization causes the decoder to omit populating those areas.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e"
            }
          ],
          "value": "A specially-crafted file can cause libjxl\u0027s decoder to read pixel data from uninitialized (but allocated) memory.\n\nThis can be done by causing the decoder to reference an outside-image-bound area in a subsequent patches. An incorrect optimization causes the decoder to omit populating those areas."
        }
      ],
      "impacts": [
        {
          "capecId": "CAPEC-44",
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "CAPEC-44 Overflow Binary Resource File"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
            "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "attackComplexity": "HIGH",
            "attackRequirements": "NONE",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "baseScore": 2.3,
            "baseSeverity": "LOW",
            "exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
            "userInteraction": "PASSIVE",
            "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
            "version": "4.0",
            "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "LOW",
            "vulnIntegrityImpact": "LOW",
            "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
          },
          "format": "CVSS",
          "scenarios": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "GENERAL"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-908",
              "description": "CWE-908 Use of Uninitialized Resource",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-02-11T15:27:24.118Z",
        "orgId": "14ed7db2-1595-443d-9d34-6215bf890778",
        "shortName": "Google"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://github.com/libjxl/libjxl/pull/4495"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "libjxl: Uninitialized memory read in decoder due to incorrect optimization in patch handling",
      "x_generator": {
        "engine": "Vulnogram 0.5.0"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "14ed7db2-1595-443d-9d34-6215bf890778",
    "assignerShortName": "Google",
    "cveId": "CVE-2025-12474",
    "datePublished": "2026-02-11T15:27:24.118Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-10-29T16:11:30.108Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-02-11T21:41:40.223Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2",
  "vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
    "epss": {
      "cve": "CVE-2025-12474",
      "date": "2026-11-01",
      "epss": "0.00113",
      "percentile": "0.01393"
    },
    "nvd": {
      "cve": {
        "affected": [
          {
            "affectedData": [
              {
                "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
                "product": "libjxl",
                "vendor": "Google",
                "versions": [
                  {
                    "lessThanOrEqual": "0.11.1",
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "0.7",
                    "versionType": "semver"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ],
            "source": "cve-coordination@google.com"
          }
        ],
        "configurations": [
          {
            "nodes": [
              {
                "cpeMatch": [
                  {
                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:libjxl_project:libjxl:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
                    "matchCriteriaId": "55A18079-A86E-4EA1-ADD2-FEBB1A3F7A7B",
                    "versionEndIncluding": "0.11.1",
                    "versionStartIncluding": "0.7.0",
                    "vulnerable": true
                  }
                ],
                "negate": false,
                "operator": "OR"
              }
            ]
          }
        ],
        "cveTags": [],
        "descriptions": [
          {
            "lang": "en",
            "value": "A specially-crafted file can cause libjxl\u0027s decoder to read pixel data from uninitialized (but allocated) memory.\n\nThis can be done by causing the decoder to reference an outside-image-bound area in a subsequent patches. An incorrect optimization causes the decoder to omit populating those areas."
          },
          {
            "lang": "es",
            "value": "Un archivo especialmente dise\u00f1ado puede provocar que el decodificador de libjxl lea datos de p\u00edxeles de memoria no inicializada (pero asignada).\n\nEsto se puede lograr al provocar que el decodificador haga referencia a un \u00e1rea fuera de los l\u00edmites de la imagen en parches posteriores. Una optimizaci\u00f3n incorrecta provoca que el decodificador omita poblar esas \u00e1reas."
          }
        ],
        "id": "CVE-2025-12474",
        "lastModified": "2026-06-17T08:32:26.760",
        "metrics": {
          "cvssMetricV31": [
            {
              "cvssData": {
                "attackComplexity": "LOW",
                "attackVector": "LOCAL",
                "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
                "baseScore": 4.4,
                "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
                "confidentialityImpact": "LOW",
                "integrityImpact": "LOW",
                "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
                "scope": "UNCHANGED",
                "userInteraction": "REQUIRED",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
                "version": "3.1"
              },
              "exploitabilityScore": 1.8,
              "impactScore": 2.5,
              "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
              "type": "Primary"
            }
          ],
          "cvssMetricV40": [
            {
              "cvssData": {
                "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "attackComplexity": "HIGH",
                "attackRequirements": "NONE",
                "attackVector": "NETWORK",
                "availabilityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "baseScore": 2.3,
                "baseSeverity": "LOW",
                "confidentialityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "integrityRequirement": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedAttackComplexity": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedAttackRequirements": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedAttackVector": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedPrivilegesRequired": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedSubAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedSubConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedSubIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedUserInteraction": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedVulnAvailabilityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedVulnConfidentialityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "modifiedVulnIntegrityImpact": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
                "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
                "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
                "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
                "userInteraction": "PASSIVE",
                "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
                "version": "4.0",
                "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
                "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "LOW",
                "vulnIntegrityImpact": "LOW",
                "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
              },
              "source": "cve-coordination@google.com",
              "type": "Secondary"
            }
          ],
          "ssvcV203": [
            {
              "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
              "ssvcData": {
                "id": "CVE-2025-12474",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "technicalImpact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-02-11T21:41:29.565595Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              }
            }
          ]
        },
        "published": "2026-02-11T16:15:53.647",
        "references": [
          {
            "source": "cve-coordination@google.com",
            "tags": [
              "Issue Tracking",
              "Patch"
            ],
            "url": "https://github.com/libjxl/libjxl/pull/4495"
          }
        ],
        "sourceIdentifier": "cve-coordination@google.com",
        "vulnStatus": "Analyzed",
        "weaknesses": [
          {
            "description": [
              {
                "lang": "en",
                "value": "CWE-908"
              }
            ],
            "source": "cve-coordination@google.com",
            "type": "Secondary"
          }
        ]
      }
    },
    "redhat_vex": {
      "aggregate_severity": "Low",
      "current_release_date": "2026-04-24T16:57:44+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2025-12474",
      "id": "CVE-2025-12474",
      "initial_release_date": "2025-01-01T00:00:00+00:00",
      "product_status:known_affected": "15",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "libjxl: libjxl: Uninitialized memory read in decoder due to incorrect optimization in patch handling",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2025/cve-2025-12474.json",
      "version": "3"
    },
    "vulnrichment": {
      "containers": {
        "adp": [
          {
            "metrics": [
              {
                "other": {
                  "content": {
                    "id": "CVE-2025-12474",
                    "options": [
                      {
                        "Exploitation": "none"
                      },
                      {
                        "Automatable": "no"
                      },
                      {
                        "Technical Impact": "partial"
                      }
                    ],
                    "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                    "timestamp": "2026-02-11T21:41:29.565595Z",
                    "version": "2.0.3"
                  },
                  "type": "ssvc"
                }
              }
            ],
            "providerMetadata": {
              "dateUpdated": "2026-02-11T21:41:33.922Z",
              "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
              "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
            },
            "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
          }
        ],
        "cna": {
          "affected": [
            {
              "defaultStatus": "unaffected",
              "product": "libjxl",
              "vendor": "Google",
              "versions": [
                {
                  "lessThanOrEqual": "0.11.1",
                  "status": "affected",
                  "version": "0.7",
                  "versionType": "semver"
                }
              ]
            }
          ],
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "supportingMedia": [
                {
                  "base64": false,
                  "type": "text/html",
                  "value": "\u003cp\u003eA specially-crafted file can cause libjxl\u0027s decoder to read pixel data from uninitialized (but allocated) memory.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis can be done by causing the decoder to reference an outside-image-bound area in a subsequent patches. An incorrect optimization causes the decoder to omit populating those areas.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cbr\u003e"
                }
              ],
              "value": "A specially-crafted file can cause libjxl\u0027s decoder to read pixel data from uninitialized (but allocated) memory.\n\nThis can be done by causing the decoder to reference an outside-image-bound area in a subsequent patches. An incorrect optimization causes the decoder to omit populating those areas."
            }
          ],
          "impacts": [
            {
              "capecId": "CAPEC-44",
              "descriptions": [
                {
                  "lang": "en",
                  "value": "CAPEC-44 Overflow Binary Resource File"
                }
              ]
            }
          ],
          "metrics": [
            {
              "cvssV4_0": {
                "Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "attackComplexity": "HIGH",
                "attackRequirements": "NONE",
                "attackVector": "NETWORK",
                "baseScore": 2.3,
                "baseSeverity": "LOW",
                "exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
                "providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
                "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
                "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
                "userInteraction": "PASSIVE",
                "valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
                "version": "4.0",
                "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
                "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "LOW",
                "vulnIntegrityImpact": "LOW",
                "vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
              },
              "format": "CVSS",
              "scenarios": [
                {
                  "lang": "en",
                  "value": "GENERAL"
                }
              ]
            }
          ],
          "problemTypes": [
            {
              "descriptions": [
                {
                  "cweId": "CWE-908",
                  "description": "CWE-908 Use of Uninitialized Resource",
                  "lang": "en",
                  "type": "CWE"
                }
              ]
            }
          ],
          "providerMetadata": {
            "dateUpdated": "2026-02-11T15:27:24.118Z",
            "orgId": "14ed7db2-1595-443d-9d34-6215bf890778",
            "shortName": "Google"
          },
          "references": [
            {
              "url": "https://github.com/libjxl/libjxl/pull/4495"
            }
          ],
          "source": {
            "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
          },
          "title": "libjxl: Uninitialized memory read in decoder due to incorrect optimization in patch handling",
          "x_generator": {
            "engine": "Vulnogram 0.5.0"
          }
        }
      },
      "cveMetadata": {
        "assignerOrgId": "14ed7db2-1595-443d-9d34-6215bf890778",
        "assignerShortName": "Google",
        "cveId": "CVE-2025-12474",
        "datePublished": "2026-02-11T15:27:24.118Z",
        "dateReserved": "2025-10-29T16:11:30.108Z",
        "dateUpdated": "2026-02-11T21:41:40.223Z",
        "state": "PUBLISHED"
      },
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.2"
    }
  }
}



Log in or create an account to share your comment.




Tags
Taxonomy of the tags.




Drag nodes to arrange them. Double-click a related vulnerability to open it, or a source to visit its link. The Physics button on the left tunes the layout and the simulation; the legend at the bottom left hides or shows nodes by kind and by sighting type.

Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Vulnerability timeline

Sightings and recorded dates, grouped by day · UTC

JSON

Loading timeline…




    Related by attack behaviour

    Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.