CVE-2023-31135 (GCVE-0-2023-31135)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-05-17 17:04 – Updated: 2025-01-22 16:46
VLAI
Title
Dgraph Audit Log Encryption nonce reuse
Summary
Dgraph is an open source distributed GraphQL database. Existing Dgraph audit logs are vulnerable to brute force attacks due to nonce collisions. The first 12 bytes come from a baseIv which is initialized when an audit log is created. The last 4 bytes come from the length of the log line being encrypted. This is problematic because two log lines will often have the same length, so due to these collisions we are reusing the same nonce many times. All audit logs generated by versions of Dgraph <v23.0.0 are affected. Attackers must have access to the system the logs are stored on. Dgraph users should upgrade to v23.0.0. Users unable to upgrade should store existing audit logs in a secure location and for extra security, encrypt using an external tool like `gpg`.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2025-01-22 16:46 UTC
CWE
  • CWE-326 - Inadequate Encryption Strength
Assigner
GitHub_M CNA under the mitre root
CNA scorecard C 72/100 over 7926 records in the last 180 days details
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version CPE status
dgraph-io dgraph Affected: < 23.0.0
guessed Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2024-08-02T14:45:25.887Z",
          "orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
          "shortName": "CVE"
        },
        "references": [
          {
            "name": "https://github.com/dgraph-io/dgraph/security/advisories/GHSA-92wq-q9pq-gw47",
            "tags": [
              "x_refsource_CONFIRM",
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "https://github.com/dgraph-io/dgraph/security/advisories/GHSA-92wq-q9pq-gw47"
          },
          {
            "name": "https://github.com/dgraph-io/dgraph/pull/8323",
            "tags": [
              "x_refsource_MISC",
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "https://github.com/dgraph-io/dgraph/pull/8323"
          },
          {
            "name": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptographic_nonce",
            "tags": [
              "x_refsource_MISC",
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptographic_nonce"
          }
        ],
        "title": "CVE Program Container"
      },
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2023-31135",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-01-22T16:46:42.150915Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-01-22T16:46:46.241Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "dgraph",
          "vendor": "dgraph-io",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003c 23.0.0"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "Dgraph is an open source distributed GraphQL database. Existing Dgraph audit logs are vulnerable to brute force attacks due to nonce collisions. The first 12 bytes come from a baseIv which is initialized when an audit log is created. The last 4 bytes come from the length of the log line being encrypted. This is problematic because two log lines will often have the same length, so due to these collisions we are reusing the same nonce many times. All audit logs generated by versions of Dgraph \u003cv23.0.0 are affected. Attackers must have access to the system the logs are stored on. Dgraph users should upgrade to v23.0.0. Users unable to upgrade should store existing audit logs in a secure location and for extra security, encrypt using an external tool like `gpg`."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "LOCAL",
            "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "baseScore": 3.3,
            "baseSeverity": "LOW",
            "confidentialityImpact": "LOW",
            "integrityImpact": "NONE",
            "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
            "version": "3.1"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-326",
              "description": "CWE-326: Inadequate Encryption Strength",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2023-05-17T17:04:52.138Z",
        "orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
        "shortName": "GitHub_M"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/dgraph-io/dgraph/security/advisories/GHSA-92wq-q9pq-gw47",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_CONFIRM"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/dgraph-io/dgraph/security/advisories/GHSA-92wq-q9pq-gw47"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/dgraph-io/dgraph/pull/8323",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/dgraph-io/dgraph/pull/8323"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptographic_nonce",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptographic_nonce"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "advisory": "GHSA-92wq-q9pq-gw47",
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "Dgraph Audit Log Encryption nonce reuse"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
    "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
    "cveId": "CVE-2023-31135",
    "datePublished": "2023-05-17T17:04:52.138Z",
    "dateReserved": "2023-04-24T21:44:10.416Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2025-01-22T16:46:46.241Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.1",
  "vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
    "epss": {
      "cve": "CVE-2023-31135",
      "date": "2026-10-28",
      "epss": "0.00153",
      "percentile": "0.04426"
    },
    "nvd": {
      "cve": {
        "affected": [
          {
            "affectedData": [
              {
                "product": "dgraph",
                "vendor": "dgraph-io",
                "versions": [
                  {
                    "status": "affected",
                    "version": "\u003c 23.0.0"
                  }
                ]
              }
            ],
            "source": "security-advisories@github.com"
          }
        ],
        "configurations": [
          {
            "nodes": [
              {
                "cpeMatch": [
                  {
                    "criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:dgraph:dgraph:*:*:*:*:*:go:*:*",
                    "matchCriteriaId": "662699FF-8150-4D0E-817D-431360751CCF",
                    "versionEndExcluding": "23.0.0",
                    "vulnerable": true
                  }
                ],
                "negate": false,
                "operator": "OR"
              }
            ]
          }
        ],
        "cveTags": [],
        "descriptions": [
          {
            "lang": "en",
            "value": "Dgraph is an open source distributed GraphQL database. Existing Dgraph audit logs are vulnerable to brute force attacks due to nonce collisions. The first 12 bytes come from a baseIv which is initialized when an audit log is created. The last 4 bytes come from the length of the log line being encrypted. This is problematic because two log lines will often have the same length, so due to these collisions we are reusing the same nonce many times. All audit logs generated by versions of Dgraph \u003cv23.0.0 are affected. Attackers must have access to the system the logs are stored on. Dgraph users should upgrade to v23.0.0. Users unable to upgrade should store existing audit logs in a secure location and for extra security, encrypt using an external tool like `gpg`."
          },
          {
            "lang": "es",
            "value": "Dgraph es una base de datos GraphQL distribuida de c\u00f3digo abierto. Los registros de auditor\u00eda de Dgraph existentes son vulnerables a ataques de fuerza bruta debido a colisiones de nonce. Los primeros 12 bytes provienen de un baseIv que se inicializa cuando se crea un registro de auditor\u00eda. Los \u00faltimos 4 bytes provienen de la longitud de la l\u00ednea de registro que se est\u00e1 cifrando. Esto es problem\u00e1tico porque dos l\u00edneas de registro a menudo tendr\u00e1n la misma longitud, por lo que debido a estas colisiones estamos reutilizando el mismo nonce muchas veces. Todos los registros de auditor\u00eda generados por versiones de Dgraph anterior a v23.0.0 est\u00e1n afectados. Los atacantes deben tener acceso al sistema donde se almacenan los registros. Los usuarios de Dgraph deben actualizar a v23.0.0. Los usuarios que no puedan actualizar deben almacenar los registros de auditor\u00eda existentes en una ubicaci\u00f3n segura y, para mayor seguridad, cifrarlos utilizando una herramienta externa como \u0027gpg\u0027."
          }
        ],
        "id": "CVE-2023-31135",
        "lastModified": "2026-10-23T23:10:00.157",
        "metrics": {
          "cvssMetricV31": [
            {
              "cvssData": {
                "attackComplexity": "LOW",
                "attackVector": "LOCAL",
                "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
                "baseScore": 3.3,
                "baseSeverity": "LOW",
                "confidentialityImpact": "LOW",
                "integrityImpact": "NONE",
                "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
                "scope": "UNCHANGED",
                "userInteraction": "NONE",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
                "version": "3.1"
              },
              "exploitabilityScore": 1.8,
              "impactScore": 1.4,
              "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
              "type": "Secondary"
            },
            {
              "cvssData": {
                "attackComplexity": "LOW",
                "attackVector": "LOCAL",
                "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
                "baseScore": 5.5,
                "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
                "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
                "integrityImpact": "NONE",
                "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
                "scope": "UNCHANGED",
                "userInteraction": "NONE",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
                "version": "3.1"
              },
              "exploitabilityScore": 1.8,
              "impactScore": 3.6,
              "source": "nvd@nist.gov",
              "type": "Primary"
            }
          ],
          "ssvcV203": [
            {
              "source": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
              "ssvcData": {
                "id": "CVE-2023-31135",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "exploitation": "none"
                  },
                  {
                    "automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "technicalImpact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2025-01-22T16:46:42.150915Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              }
            }
          ]
        },
        "published": "2023-05-17T18:15:09.437",
        "references": [
          {
            "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
            "tags": [
              "Technical Description"
            ],
            "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptographic_nonce"
          },
          {
            "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
            "tags": [
              "Issue Tracking",
              "Patch"
            ],
            "url": "https://github.com/dgraph-io/dgraph/pull/8323"
          },
          {
            "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
            "tags": [
              "Vendor Advisory"
            ],
            "url": "https://github.com/dgraph-io/dgraph/security/advisories/GHSA-92wq-q9pq-gw47"
          },
          {
            "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
            "tags": [
              "Technical Description"
            ],
            "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptographic_nonce"
          },
          {
            "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
            "tags": [
              "Issue Tracking",
              "Patch"
            ],
            "url": "https://github.com/dgraph-io/dgraph/pull/8323"
          },
          {
            "source": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
            "tags": [
              "Vendor Advisory"
            ],
            "url": "https://github.com/dgraph-io/dgraph/security/advisories/GHSA-92wq-q9pq-gw47"
          }
        ],
        "sourceIdentifier": "security-advisories@github.com",
        "vulnStatus": "Modified",
        "weaknesses": [
          {
            "description": [
              {
                "lang": "en",
                "value": "CWE-326"
              }
            ],
            "source": "security-advisories@github.com",
            "type": "Secondary"
          }
        ]
      }
    },
    "redhat_vex": {
      "current_release_date": "2025-05-28T23:42:13+00:00",
      "cve": "CVE-2023-31135",
      "id": "CVE-2023-31135",
      "initial_release_date": "2023-01-01T00:00:00+00:00",
      "product_status:known_not_affected": "1",
      "source": "Red Hat CSAF VEX",
      "status": "final",
      "title": "Dgraph Audit Log Encryption nonce reuse",
      "url": "https://security.access.redhat.com/data/csaf/v2/vex/2023/cve-2023-31135.json",
      "version": "3"
    },
    "vulnrichment": {
      "containers": {
        "adp": [
          {
            "providerMetadata": {
              "dateUpdated": "2024-08-02T14:45:25.887Z",
              "orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
              "shortName": "CVE"
            },
            "references": [
              {
                "name": "https://github.com/dgraph-io/dgraph/security/advisories/GHSA-92wq-q9pq-gw47",
                "tags": [
                  "x_refsource_CONFIRM",
                  "x_transferred"
                ],
                "url": "https://github.com/dgraph-io/dgraph/security/advisories/GHSA-92wq-q9pq-gw47"
              },
              {
                "name": "https://github.com/dgraph-io/dgraph/pull/8323",
                "tags": [
                  "x_refsource_MISC",
                  "x_transferred"
                ],
                "url": "https://github.com/dgraph-io/dgraph/pull/8323"
              },
              {
                "name": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptographic_nonce",
                "tags": [
                  "x_refsource_MISC",
                  "x_transferred"
                ],
                "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptographic_nonce"
              }
            ],
            "title": "CVE Program Container"
          },
          {
            "metrics": [
              {
                "other": {
                  "content": {
                    "id": "CVE-2023-31135",
                    "options": [
                      {
                        "Exploitation": "none"
                      },
                      {
                        "Automatable": "no"
                      },
                      {
                        "Technical Impact": "partial"
                      }
                    ],
                    "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                    "timestamp": "2025-01-22T16:46:42.150915Z",
                    "version": "2.0.3"
                  },
                  "type": "ssvc"
                }
              }
            ],
            "providerMetadata": {
              "dateUpdated": "2025-01-22T16:44:01.175Z",
              "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
              "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
            },
            "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
          }
        ],
        "cna": {
          "affected": [
            {
              "product": "dgraph",
              "vendor": "dgraph-io",
              "versions": [
                {
                  "status": "affected",
                  "version": "\u003c 23.0.0"
                }
              ]
            }
          ],
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "lang": "en",
              "value": "Dgraph is an open source distributed GraphQL database. Existing Dgraph audit logs are vulnerable to brute force attacks due to nonce collisions. The first 12 bytes come from a baseIv which is initialized when an audit log is created. The last 4 bytes come from the length of the log line being encrypted. This is problematic because two log lines will often have the same length, so due to these collisions we are reusing the same nonce many times. All audit logs generated by versions of Dgraph \u003cv23.0.0 are affected. Attackers must have access to the system the logs are stored on. Dgraph users should upgrade to v23.0.0. Users unable to upgrade should store existing audit logs in a secure location and for extra security, encrypt using an external tool like `gpg`."
            }
          ],
          "metrics": [
            {
              "cvssV3_1": {
                "attackComplexity": "LOW",
                "attackVector": "LOCAL",
                "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
                "baseScore": 3.3,
                "baseSeverity": "LOW",
                "confidentialityImpact": "LOW",
                "integrityImpact": "NONE",
                "privilegesRequired": "LOW",
                "scope": "UNCHANGED",
                "userInteraction": "NONE",
                "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
                "version": "3.1"
              }
            }
          ],
          "problemTypes": [
            {
              "descriptions": [
                {
                  "cweId": "CWE-326",
                  "description": "CWE-326: Inadequate Encryption Strength",
                  "lang": "en",
                  "type": "CWE"
                }
              ]
            }
          ],
          "providerMetadata": {
            "dateUpdated": "2023-05-17T17:04:52.138Z",
            "orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
            "shortName": "GitHub_M"
          },
          "references": [
            {
              "name": "https://github.com/dgraph-io/dgraph/security/advisories/GHSA-92wq-q9pq-gw47",
              "tags": [
                "x_refsource_CONFIRM"
              ],
              "url": "https://github.com/dgraph-io/dgraph/security/advisories/GHSA-92wq-q9pq-gw47"
            },
            {
              "name": "https://github.com/dgraph-io/dgraph/pull/8323",
              "tags": [
                "x_refsource_MISC"
              ],
              "url": "https://github.com/dgraph-io/dgraph/pull/8323"
            },
            {
              "name": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptographic_nonce",
              "tags": [
                "x_refsource_MISC"
              ],
              "url": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cryptographic_nonce"
            }
          ],
          "source": {
            "advisory": "GHSA-92wq-q9pq-gw47",
            "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
          },
          "title": "Dgraph Audit Log Encryption nonce reuse"
        }
      },
      "cveMetadata": {
        "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
        "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
        "cveId": "CVE-2023-31135",
        "datePublished": "2023-05-17T17:04:52.138Z",
        "dateReserved": "2023-04-24T21:44:10.416Z",
        "dateUpdated": "2025-01-22T16:46:46.241Z",
        "state": "PUBLISHED"
      },
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.1"
    }
  }
}



Log in or create an account to share your comment.




Tags
Taxonomy of the tags.


Loading…

Loading…

Loading…

Drag nodes to arrange them. Double-click a related vulnerability to open it, or a source to visit its link. The Physics button on the left tunes the layout and the simulation; the legend at the bottom left hides or shows nodes by kind and by sighting type.

Forecast uses a logistic model when the trend is rising, or an exponential decay model when the trend is falling. Fitted via linearized least squares.

Sightings

Author Source Type Date Other

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
Vulnerability timeline

Sightings and recorded dates, grouped by day · UTC

JSON
Events included in the timeline

Loading timeline…


    Loading…

    Loading…

    Loading…

    Related by attack behaviour

    Vulnerabilities whose description is nearest to this one in the vector space of the CIRCL/vulnerability-attack-technique-biencoder model. This is a similarity search over the bi-encoder space (plain cosine), not a classification, and it has no measured accuracy.