CVE-2026-28231 (GCVE-0-2026-28231)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-27 20:13 – Updated: 2026-03-03 20:25
VLAI?
Title
pillow_heif Has Integer Overflow in Encode Path Buffer Validation that Leads to Heap Out-of-Bounds Read
Summary
pillow_heif is a Python library for working with HEIF images and plugin for Pillow. Prior to version 1.3.0, an integer overflow in the encode path buffer validation of `_pillow_heif.c` allows an attacker to bypass bounds checks by providing large image dimensions, resulting in a heap out-of-bounds read. This can lead to information disclosure (server heap memory leaking into encoded images) or denial of service (process crash). No special configuration is required — this triggers under default settings. Version 1.3.0 fixes the issue.
Severity ?
5.5 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P
CWE
  • CWE-125 - Out-of-bounds Read
  • CWE-190 - Integer Overflow or Wraparound
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
bigcat88 pillow_heif Affected: < 1.3.0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2026-28231",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "poc"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "yes"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2026-03-03T20:25:24.513947Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2026-03-03T20:25:30.145Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "pillow_heif",
          "vendor": "bigcat88",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "\u003c 1.3.0"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "pillow_heif is a Python library for working with HEIF images and plugin for Pillow. Prior to version 1.3.0, an integer overflow in the encode path buffer validation of `_pillow_heif.c` allows an attacker to bypass bounds checks by providing large image dimensions, resulting in a heap out-of-bounds read. This can lead to information disclosure (server heap memory leaking into encoded images) or denial of service (process crash). No special configuration is required \u2014 this triggers under default settings. Version 1.3.0 fixes the issue."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV4_0": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackRequirements": "NONE",
            "attackVector": "NETWORK",
            "baseScore": 5.5,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "privilegesRequired": "NONE",
            "subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P",
            "version": "4.0",
            "vulnAvailabilityImpact": "LOW",
            "vulnConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
            "vulnIntegrityImpact": "NONE"
          }
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-125",
              "description": "CWE-125: Out-of-bounds Read",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        },
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-190",
              "description": "CWE-190: Integer Overflow or Wraparound",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-02-27T20:13:45.195Z",
        "orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
        "shortName": "GitHub_M"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/bigcat88/pillow_heif/security/advisories/GHSA-5gjj-6r7v-ph3x",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_CONFIRM"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/bigcat88/pillow_heif/security/advisories/GHSA-5gjj-6r7v-ph3x"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/bigcat88/pillow_heif/commit/8305a15d3780c533b762578cbe987d27a2c59c7a",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/bigcat88/pillow_heif/commit/8305a15d3780c533b762578cbe987d27a2c59c7a"
        },
        {
          "name": "https://github.com/bigcat88/pillow_heif/releases/tag/v1.3.0",
          "tags": [
            "x_refsource_MISC"
          ],
          "url": "https://github.com/bigcat88/pillow_heif/releases/tag/v1.3.0"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "advisory": "GHSA-5gjj-6r7v-ph3x",
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "pillow_heif Has Integer Overflow in Encode Path Buffer Validation that Leads to Heap Out-of-Bounds Read"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
    "assignerShortName": "GitHub_M",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-28231",
    "datePublished": "2026-02-27T20:13:45.195Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-02-25T15:28:40.651Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-03-03T20:25:30.145Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2",
  "vulnerability-lookup:meta": {
    "epss": {
      "cve": "CVE-2026-28231",
      "date": "2026-04-20",
      "epss": "0.00027",
      "percentile": "0.07572"
    },
    "nvd": "{\"cve\":{\"id\":\"CVE-2026-28231\",\"sourceIdentifier\":\"security-advisories@github.com\",\"published\":\"2026-02-27T20:21:40.697\",\"lastModified\":\"2026-03-04T15:55:20.027\",\"vulnStatus\":\"Analyzed\",\"cveTags\":[],\"descriptions\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"pillow_heif is a Python library for working with HEIF images and plugin for Pillow. Prior to version 1.3.0, an integer overflow in the encode path buffer validation of `_pillow_heif.c` allows an attacker to bypass bounds checks by providing large image dimensions, resulting in a heap out-of-bounds read. This can lead to information disclosure (server heap memory leaking into encoded images) or denial of service (process crash). No special configuration is required \u2014 this triggers under default settings. Version 1.3.0 fixes the issue.\"},{\"lang\":\"es\",\"value\":\"pillow_heif es una librer\u00eda de Python para trabajar con im\u00e1genes HEIF y un plugin para Pillow. Antes de la versi\u00f3n 1.3.0, un desbordamiento de entero en la validaci\u00f3n del b\u00fafer de la ruta de codificaci\u00f3n de _pillow_heif.c permite a un atacante eludir las comprobaciones de l\u00edmites al proporcionar grandes dimensiones de imagen, lo que resulta en una lectura fuera de l\u00edmites del heap. Esto puede conducir a la revelaci\u00f3n de informaci\u00f3n (fuga de memoria del heap del servidor en las im\u00e1genes codificadas) o a la denegaci\u00f3n de servicio (ca\u00edda del proceso). No se requiere ninguna configuraci\u00f3n especial; esto se activa con la configuraci\u00f3n predeterminada. La versi\u00f3n 1.3.0 corrige el problema.\"}],\"metrics\":{\"cvssMetricV40\":[{\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\",\"type\":\"Secondary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"4.0\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X\",\"baseScore\":5.5,\"baseSeverity\":\"MEDIUM\",\"attackVector\":\"NETWORK\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"attackRequirements\":\"NONE\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"NONE\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"vulnConfidentialityImpact\":\"NONE\",\"vulnIntegrityImpact\":\"NONE\",\"vulnAvailabilityImpact\":\"LOW\",\"subConfidentialityImpact\":\"NONE\",\"subIntegrityImpact\":\"NONE\",\"subAvailabilityImpact\":\"NONE\",\"exploitMaturity\":\"PROOF_OF_CONCEPT\",\"confidentialityRequirement\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"integrityRequirement\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"availabilityRequirement\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"modifiedAttackVector\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"modifiedAttackComplexity\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"modifiedAttackRequirements\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"modifiedPrivilegesRequired\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"modifiedUserInteraction\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"modifiedVulnConfidentialityImpact\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"modifiedVulnIntegrityImpact\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"modifiedVulnAvailabilityImpact\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"modifiedSubConfidentialityImpact\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"modifiedSubIntegrityImpact\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"modifiedSubAvailabilityImpact\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"Safety\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"Automatable\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"Recovery\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"valueDensity\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"vulnerabilityResponseEffort\":\"NOT_DEFINED\",\"providerUrgency\":\"NOT_DEFINED\"}}],\"cvssMetricV31\":[{\"source\":\"nvd@nist.gov\",\"type\":\"Primary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H\",\"baseScore\":9.1,\"baseSeverity\":\"CRITICAL\",\"attackVector\":\"NETWORK\",\"attackComplexity\":\"LOW\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"NONE\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"scope\":\"UNCHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"HIGH\",\"integrityImpact\":\"NONE\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"HIGH\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":3.9,\"impactScore\":5.2}]},\"weaknesses\":[{\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\",\"type\":\"Primary\",\"description\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"CWE-125\"},{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"CWE-190\"}]}],\"configurations\":[{\"nodes\":[{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:a:bigcat88:pillow-heif:*:*:*:*:*:python:*:*\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"1.3.0\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"D82BD595-9724-4EFC-BFBF-82CE89ED28A0\"}]}]}],\"references\":[{\"url\":\"https://github.com/bigcat88/pillow_heif/commit/8305a15d3780c533b762578cbe987d27a2c59c7a\",\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]},{\"url\":\"https://github.com/bigcat88/pillow_heif/releases/tag/v1.3.0\",\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\",\"tags\":[\"Product\",\"Release Notes\"]},{\"url\":\"https://github.com/bigcat88/pillow_heif/security/advisories/GHSA-5gjj-6r7v-ph3x\",\"source\":\"security-advisories@github.com\",\"tags\":[\"Exploit\",\"Mitigation\",\"Vendor Advisory\"]}]}}",
    "vulnrichment": {
      "containers": "{\"adp\": [{\"title\": \"CISA ADP Vulnrichment\", \"metrics\": [{\"other\": {\"type\": \"ssvc\", \"content\": {\"id\": \"CVE-2026-28231\", \"role\": \"CISA Coordinator\", \"options\": [{\"Exploitation\": \"poc\"}, {\"Automatable\": \"yes\"}, {\"Technical Impact\": \"partial\"}], \"version\": \"2.0.3\", \"timestamp\": \"2026-03-03T20:25:24.513947Z\"}}}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0\", \"shortName\": \"CISA-ADP\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-03-03T20:25:27.680Z\"}}], \"cna\": {\"title\": \"pillow_heif Has Integer Overflow in Encode Path Buffer Validation that Leads to Heap Out-of-Bounds Read\", \"source\": {\"advisory\": \"GHSA-5gjj-6r7v-ph3x\", \"discovery\": \"UNKNOWN\"}, \"metrics\": [{\"cvssV4_0\": {\"version\": \"4.0\", \"baseScore\": 5.5, \"attackVector\": \"NETWORK\", \"baseSeverity\": \"MEDIUM\", \"vectorString\": \"CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P\", \"userInteraction\": \"NONE\", \"attackComplexity\": \"LOW\", \"attackRequirements\": \"NONE\", \"privilegesRequired\": \"NONE\", \"subIntegrityImpact\": \"NONE\", \"vulnIntegrityImpact\": \"NONE\", \"subAvailabilityImpact\": \"NONE\", \"vulnAvailabilityImpact\": \"LOW\", \"subConfidentialityImpact\": \"NONE\", \"vulnConfidentialityImpact\": \"NONE\"}}], \"affected\": [{\"vendor\": \"bigcat88\", \"product\": \"pillow_heif\", \"versions\": [{\"status\": \"affected\", \"version\": \"\u003c 1.3.0\"}]}], \"references\": [{\"url\": \"https://github.com/bigcat88/pillow_heif/security/advisories/GHSA-5gjj-6r7v-ph3x\", \"name\": \"https://github.com/bigcat88/pillow_heif/security/advisories/GHSA-5gjj-6r7v-ph3x\", \"tags\": [\"x_refsource_CONFIRM\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://github.com/bigcat88/pillow_heif/commit/8305a15d3780c533b762578cbe987d27a2c59c7a\", \"name\": \"https://github.com/bigcat88/pillow_heif/commit/8305a15d3780c533b762578cbe987d27a2c59c7a\", \"tags\": [\"x_refsource_MISC\"]}, {\"url\": \"https://github.com/bigcat88/pillow_heif/releases/tag/v1.3.0\", \"name\": \"https://github.com/bigcat88/pillow_heif/releases/tag/v1.3.0\", \"tags\": [\"x_refsource_MISC\"]}], \"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"value\": \"pillow_heif is a Python library for working with HEIF images and plugin for Pillow. Prior to version 1.3.0, an integer overflow in the encode path buffer validation of `_pillow_heif.c` allows an attacker to bypass bounds checks by providing large image dimensions, resulting in a heap out-of-bounds read. This can lead to information disclosure (server heap memory leaking into encoded images) or denial of service (process crash). No special configuration is required \\u2014 this triggers under default settings. Version 1.3.0 fixes the issue.\"}], \"problemTypes\": [{\"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"CWE\", \"cweId\": \"CWE-125\", \"description\": \"CWE-125: Out-of-bounds Read\"}]}, {\"descriptions\": [{\"lang\": \"en\", \"type\": \"CWE\", \"cweId\": \"CWE-190\", \"description\": \"CWE-190: Integer Overflow or Wraparound\"}]}], \"providerMetadata\": {\"orgId\": \"a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa\", \"shortName\": \"GitHub_M\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-02-27T20:13:45.195Z\"}}}",
      "cveMetadata": "{\"cveId\": \"CVE-2026-28231\", \"state\": \"PUBLISHED\", \"dateUpdated\": \"2026-03-03T20:25:30.145Z\", \"dateReserved\": \"2026-02-25T15:28:40.651Z\", \"assignerOrgId\": \"a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa\", \"datePublished\": \"2026-02-27T20:13:45.195Z\", \"assignerShortName\": \"GitHub_M\"}",
      "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
      "dataVersion": "5.2"
    }
  }
}


Log in or create an account to share your comment.




Tags
Taxonomy of the tags.




Sightings

Author Source Type Date

Nomenclature

  • Seen: The vulnerability was mentioned, discussed, or observed by the user.
  • Confirmed: The vulnerability has been validated from an analyst's perspective.
  • Published Proof of Concept: A public proof of concept is available for this vulnerability.
  • Exploited: The vulnerability was observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Patched: The vulnerability was observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not exploited: The vulnerability was not observed as exploited by the user who reported the sighting.
  • Not confirmed: The user expressed doubt about the validity of the vulnerability.
  • Not patched: The vulnerability was not observed as successfully patched by the user who reported the sighting.



Detection rules are retrieved from Rulezet.