CVE-2026-23342 (GCVE-0-2026-23342)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-25 10:27 – Updated: 2026-05-11 22:04
VLAI?
Title
bpf: Fix race in cpumap on PREEMPT_RT
Summary
In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf: Fix race in cpumap on PREEMPT_RT On PREEMPT_RT kernels, the per-CPU xdp_bulk_queue (bq) can be accessed concurrently by multiple preemptible tasks on the same CPU. The original code assumes bq_enqueue() and __cpu_map_flush() run atomically with respect to each other on the same CPU, relying on local_bh_disable() to prevent preemption. However, on PREEMPT_RT, local_bh_disable() only calls migrate_disable() (when PREEMPT_RT_NEEDS_BH_LOCK is not set) and does not disable preemption, which allows CFS scheduling to preempt a task during bq_flush_to_queue(), enabling another task on the same CPU to enter bq_enqueue() and operate on the same per-CPU bq concurrently. This leads to several races: 1. Double __list_del_clearprev(): after bq->count is reset in bq_flush_to_queue(), a preempting task can call bq_enqueue() -> bq_flush_to_queue() on the same bq when bq->count reaches CPU_MAP_BULK_SIZE. Both tasks then call __list_del_clearprev() on the same bq->flush_node, the second call dereferences the prev pointer that was already set to NULL by the first. 2. bq->count and bq->q[] races: concurrent bq_enqueue() can corrupt the packet queue while bq_flush_to_queue() is processing it. The race between task A (__cpu_map_flush -> bq_flush_to_queue) and task B (bq_enqueue -> bq_flush_to_queue) on the same CPU: Task A (xdp_do_flush) Task B (cpu_map_enqueue) ---------------------- ------------------------ bq_flush_to_queue(bq) spin_lock(&q->producer_lock) /* flush bq->q[] to ptr_ring */ bq->count = 0 spin_unlock(&q->producer_lock) bq_enqueue(rcpu, xdpf) <-- CFS preempts Task A --> bq->q[bq->count++] = xdpf /* ... more enqueues until full ... */ bq_flush_to_queue(bq) spin_lock(&q->producer_lock) /* flush to ptr_ring */ spin_unlock(&q->producer_lock) __list_del_clearprev(flush_node) /* sets flush_node.prev = NULL */ <-- Task A resumes --> __list_del_clearprev(flush_node) flush_node.prev->next = ... /* prev is NULL -> kernel oops */ Fix this by adding a local_lock_t to xdp_bulk_queue and acquiring it in bq_enqueue() and __cpu_map_flush(). These paths already run under local_bh_disable(), so use local_lock_nested_bh() which on non-RT is a pure annotation with no overhead, and on PREEMPT_RT provides a per-CPU sleeping lock that serializes access to the bq. To reproduce, insert an mdelay(100) between bq->count = 0 and __list_del_clearprev() in bq_flush_to_queue(), then run reproducer provided by syzkaller.
Severity ?
No CVSS data available.
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Linux Linux Affected: 3253cb49cbad4772389d6ef55be75db1f97da910 , < 7466ae2aeed483de80c5d8dea0913cf74038b652 (git)
Affected: 3253cb49cbad4772389d6ef55be75db1f97da910 , < e67299e1044349ad0088d52c6bc5764cc1816c06 (git)
Affected: 3253cb49cbad4772389d6ef55be75db1f97da910 , < 869c63d5975d55e97f6b168e885452b3da20ea47 (git)
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Linux Linux Affected: 6.18
Unaffected: 0 , < 6.18 (semver)
Unaffected: 6.18.17 , ≤ 6.18.* (semver)
Unaffected: 6.19.7 , ≤ 6.19.* (semver)
Unaffected: 7.0 , ≤ * (original_commit_for_fix)
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          "product": "Linux",
          "programFiles": [
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          "value": "In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\n\nbpf: Fix race in cpumap on PREEMPT_RT\n\nOn PREEMPT_RT kernels, the per-CPU xdp_bulk_queue (bq) can be accessed\nconcurrently by multiple preemptible tasks on the same CPU.\n\nThe original code assumes bq_enqueue() and __cpu_map_flush() run\natomically with respect to each other on the same CPU, relying on\nlocal_bh_disable() to prevent preemption. However, on PREEMPT_RT,\nlocal_bh_disable() only calls migrate_disable() (when\nPREEMPT_RT_NEEDS_BH_LOCK is not set) and does not disable\npreemption, which allows CFS scheduling to preempt a task during\nbq_flush_to_queue(), enabling another task on the same CPU to enter\nbq_enqueue() and operate on the same per-CPU bq concurrently.\n\nThis leads to several races:\n\n1. Double __list_del_clearprev(): after bq-\u003ecount is reset in\n   bq_flush_to_queue(), a preempting task can call bq_enqueue() -\u003e\n   bq_flush_to_queue() on the same bq when bq-\u003ecount reaches\n   CPU_MAP_BULK_SIZE. Both tasks then call __list_del_clearprev()\n   on the same bq-\u003eflush_node, the second call dereferences the\n   prev pointer that was already set to NULL by the first.\n\n2. bq-\u003ecount and bq-\u003eq[] races: concurrent bq_enqueue() can corrupt\n   the packet queue while bq_flush_to_queue() is processing it.\n\nThe race between task A (__cpu_map_flush -\u003e bq_flush_to_queue) and\ntask B (bq_enqueue -\u003e bq_flush_to_queue) on the same CPU:\n\n  Task A (xdp_do_flush)          Task B (cpu_map_enqueue)\n  ----------------------         ------------------------\n  bq_flush_to_queue(bq)\n    spin_lock(\u0026q-\u003eproducer_lock)\n    /* flush bq-\u003eq[] to ptr_ring */\n    bq-\u003ecount = 0\n    spin_unlock(\u0026q-\u003eproducer_lock)\n                                   bq_enqueue(rcpu, xdpf)\n    \u003c-- CFS preempts Task A --\u003e      bq-\u003eq[bq-\u003ecount++] = xdpf\n                                     /* ... more enqueues until full ... */\n                                     bq_flush_to_queue(bq)\n                                       spin_lock(\u0026q-\u003eproducer_lock)\n                                       /* flush to ptr_ring */\n                                       spin_unlock(\u0026q-\u003eproducer_lock)\n                                       __list_del_clearprev(flush_node)\n                                         /* sets flush_node.prev = NULL */\n    \u003c-- Task A resumes --\u003e\n    __list_del_clearprev(flush_node)\n      flush_node.prev-\u003enext = ...\n      /* prev is NULL -\u003e kernel oops */\n\nFix this by adding a local_lock_t to xdp_bulk_queue and acquiring it\nin bq_enqueue() and __cpu_map_flush(). These paths already run under\nlocal_bh_disable(), so use local_lock_nested_bh() which on non-RT is\na pure annotation with no overhead, and on PREEMPT_RT provides a\nper-CPU sleeping lock that serializes access to the bq.\n\nTo reproduce, insert an mdelay(100) between bq-\u003ecount = 0 and\n__list_del_clearprev() in bq_flush_to_queue(), then run reproducer\nprovided by syzkaller."
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-05-11T22:04:59.186Z",
        "orgId": "416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67",
        "shortName": "Linux"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7466ae2aeed483de80c5d8dea0913cf74038b652"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e67299e1044349ad0088d52c6bc5764cc1816c06"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/869c63d5975d55e97f6b168e885452b3da20ea47"
        }
      ],
      "title": "bpf: Fix race in cpumap on PREEMPT_RT",
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    "assignerShortName": "Linux",
    "cveId": "CVE-2026-23342",
    "datePublished": "2026-03-25T10:27:30.285Z",
    "dateReserved": "2026-01-13T15:37:45.999Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-05-11T22:04:59.186Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
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    "epss": {
      "cve": "CVE-2026-23342",
      "date": "2026-05-17",
      "epss": "0.00014",
      "percentile": "0.0257"
    },
    "nvd": "{\"cve\":{\"id\":\"CVE-2026-23342\",\"sourceIdentifier\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"published\":\"2026-03-25T11:16:32.147\",\"lastModified\":\"2026-04-23T21:16:19.007\",\"vulnStatus\":\"Analyzed\",\"cveTags\":[],\"descriptions\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved:\\n\\nbpf: Fix race in cpumap on PREEMPT_RT\\n\\nOn PREEMPT_RT kernels, the per-CPU xdp_bulk_queue (bq) can be accessed\\nconcurrently by multiple preemptible tasks on the same CPU.\\n\\nThe original code assumes bq_enqueue() and __cpu_map_flush() run\\natomically with respect to each other on the same CPU, relying on\\nlocal_bh_disable() to prevent preemption. However, on PREEMPT_RT,\\nlocal_bh_disable() only calls migrate_disable() (when\\nPREEMPT_RT_NEEDS_BH_LOCK is not set) and does not disable\\npreemption, which allows CFS scheduling to preempt a task during\\nbq_flush_to_queue(), enabling another task on the same CPU to enter\\nbq_enqueue() and operate on the same per-CPU bq concurrently.\\n\\nThis leads to several races:\\n\\n1. Double __list_del_clearprev(): after bq-\u003ecount is reset in\\n   bq_flush_to_queue(), a preempting task can call bq_enqueue() -\u003e\\n   bq_flush_to_queue() on the same bq when bq-\u003ecount reaches\\n   CPU_MAP_BULK_SIZE. Both tasks then call __list_del_clearprev()\\n   on the same bq-\u003eflush_node, the second call dereferences the\\n   prev pointer that was already set to NULL by the first.\\n\\n2. bq-\u003ecount and bq-\u003eq[] races: concurrent bq_enqueue() can corrupt\\n   the packet queue while bq_flush_to_queue() is processing it.\\n\\nThe race between task A (__cpu_map_flush -\u003e bq_flush_to_queue) and\\ntask B (bq_enqueue -\u003e bq_flush_to_queue) on the same CPU:\\n\\n  Task A (xdp_do_flush)          Task B (cpu_map_enqueue)\\n  ----------------------         ------------------------\\n  bq_flush_to_queue(bq)\\n    spin_lock(\u0026q-\u003eproducer_lock)\\n    /* flush bq-\u003eq[] to ptr_ring */\\n    bq-\u003ecount = 0\\n    spin_unlock(\u0026q-\u003eproducer_lock)\\n                                   bq_enqueue(rcpu, xdpf)\\n    \u003c-- CFS preempts Task A --\u003e      bq-\u003eq[bq-\u003ecount++] = xdpf\\n                                     /* ... more enqueues until full ... */\\n                                     bq_flush_to_queue(bq)\\n                                       spin_lock(\u0026q-\u003eproducer_lock)\\n                                       /* flush to ptr_ring */\\n                                       spin_unlock(\u0026q-\u003eproducer_lock)\\n                                       __list_del_clearprev(flush_node)\\n                                         /* sets flush_node.prev = NULL */\\n    \u003c-- Task A resumes --\u003e\\n    __list_del_clearprev(flush_node)\\n      flush_node.prev-\u003enext = ...\\n      /* prev is NULL -\u003e kernel oops */\\n\\nFix this by adding a local_lock_t to xdp_bulk_queue and acquiring it\\nin bq_enqueue() and __cpu_map_flush(). These paths already run under\\nlocal_bh_disable(), so use local_lock_nested_bh() which on non-RT is\\na pure annotation with no overhead, and on PREEMPT_RT provides a\\nper-CPU sleeping lock that serializes access to the bq.\\n\\nTo reproduce, insert an mdelay(100) between bq-\u003ecount = 0 and\\n__list_del_clearprev() in bq_flush_to_queue(), then run reproducer\\nprovided by syzkaller.\"},{\"lang\":\"es\",\"value\":\"En el kernel de Linux, la siguiente vulnerabilidad ha sido resuelta:\\n\\nbpf: Corrige condici\u00f3n de carrera en cpumap en PREEMPT_RT\\n\\nEn kernels PREEMPT_RT, la xdp_bulk_queue (bq) por CPU puede ser accedida concurrentemente por m\u00faltiples tareas preemptibles en la misma CPU.\\n\\nEl c\u00f3digo original asume que bq_enqueue() y __cpu_map_flush() se ejecutan at\u00f3micamente una con respecto a la otra en la misma CPU, confiando en local_bh_disable() para prevenir la preemption. Sin embargo, en PREEMPT_RT, local_bh_disable() solo llama a migrate_disable() (cuando PREEMPT_RT_NEEDS_BH_LOCK no est\u00e1 configurado) y no deshabilita la preemption, lo que permite que la planificaci\u00f3n CFS preempte una tarea durante bq_flush_to_queue(), permitiendo que otra tarea en la misma CPU entre en bq_enqueue() y opere en la misma bq por CPU concurrentemente.\\n\\nEsto conduce a varias condiciones de carrera:\\n\\n1. Doble __list_del_clearprev(): despu\u00e9s de que bq-\u0026gt;count se reinicia en bq_flush_to_queue(), una tarea preemptora puede llamar a bq_enqueue() -\u0026gt; bq_flush_to_queue() en la misma bq cuando bq-\u0026gt;count alcanza CPU_MAP_BULK_SIZE. Ambas tareas luego llaman a __list_del_clearprev() en el mismo bq-\u0026gt;flush_node, la segunda llamada desreferencia el puntero prev que ya hab\u00eda sido establecido a NULL por la primera.\\n\\n2. Condiciones de carrera de bq-\u0026gt;count y bq-\u0026gt;q[]: bq_enqueue() concurrente puede corromper la cola de paquetes mientras bq_flush_to_queue() la est\u00e1 procesando.\\n\\nLa condici\u00f3n de carrera entre la tarea A (__cpu_map_flush -\u0026gt; bq_flush_to_queue) y la tarea B (bq_enqueue -\u0026gt; bq_flush_to_queue) en la misma CPU:\\n\\n  Tarea A (xdp_do_flush)          Tarea B (cpu_map_enqueue)\\n  ----------------------         ------------------------\\n  bq_flush_to_queue(bq)\\n    spin_lock(\u0026amp;q-\u0026gt;producer_lock)\\n    /* vaciar bq-\u0026gt;q[] a ptr_ring */\\n    bq-\u0026gt;count = 0\\n    spin_unlock(\u0026amp;q-\u0026gt;producer_lock)\\n                                   bq_enqueue(rcpu, xdpf)\\n  \u0026lt;-- CFS preempte la Tarea A --\u0026gt;  bq-\u0026gt;q[bq-\u0026gt;count++] = xdpf\\n                                     /* ... m\u00e1s encolamientos hasta llenarse ... */\\n                                     bq_flush_to_queue(bq)\\n                                       spin_lock(\u0026amp;q-\u0026gt;producer_lock)\\n                                       /* vaciar a ptr_ring */\\n                                       spin_unlock(\u0026amp;q-\u0026gt;producer_lock)\\n                                       __list_del_clearprev(flush_node)\\n                                         /* establece flush_node.prev = NULL */\\n  \u0026lt;-- La Tarea A se reanuda --\u0026gt;\\n  __list_del_clearprev(flush_node)\\n    flush_node.prev-\u0026gt;next = ...\\n    /* prev es NULL -\u0026gt; kernel oops */\\n\\nSolucione esto a\u00f1adiendo un local_lock_t a xdp_bulk_queue y adquiri\u00e9ndolo en bq_enqueue() y __cpu_map_flush(). Estas rutas ya se ejecutan bajo local_bh_disable(), por lo que se usa local_lock_nested_bh() que en sistemas no-RT es una anotaci\u00f3n pura sin sobrecarga, y en PREEMPT_RT proporciona un bloqueo de suspensi\u00f3n por CPU que serializa el acceso a la bq.\\n\\nPara reproducir, inserte un mdelay(100) entre bq-\u0026gt;count = 0 y __list_del_clearprev() en bq_flush_to_queue(), luego ejecute el reproductor proporcionado por syzkaller.\"}],\"metrics\":{\"cvssMetricV31\":[{\"source\":\"nvd@nist.gov\",\"type\":\"Primary\",\"cvssData\":{\"version\":\"3.1\",\"vectorString\":\"CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H\",\"baseScore\":4.7,\"baseSeverity\":\"MEDIUM\",\"attackVector\":\"LOCAL\",\"attackComplexity\":\"HIGH\",\"privilegesRequired\":\"LOW\",\"userInteraction\":\"NONE\",\"scope\":\"UNCHANGED\",\"confidentialityImpact\":\"NONE\",\"integrityImpact\":\"NONE\",\"availabilityImpact\":\"HIGH\"},\"exploitabilityScore\":1.0,\"impactScore\":3.6}]},\"weaknesses\":[{\"source\":\"nvd@nist.gov\",\"type\":\"Primary\",\"description\":[{\"lang\":\"en\",\"value\":\"CWE-362\"}]}],\"configurations\":[{\"nodes\":[{\"operator\":\"OR\",\"negate\":false,\"cpeMatch\":[{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"6.18.1\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"6.18.17\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"07E9D8CD-82F0-4CC6-8038-BF71758D583C\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"versionStartIncluding\":\"6.19\",\"versionEndExcluding\":\"6.19.7\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"69245D10-0B71-485E-80C3-A64F077004D3\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.18:-:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"DCE57113-2223-4308-A0F2-5E6ECFBB3C23\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:7.0:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"F253B622-8837-4245-BCE5-A7BF8FC76A16\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:7.0:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"4AE85AD8-4641-4E7C-A2F4-305E2CD9EE64\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:7.0:rc3:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"F666C8D8-6538-46D4-B318-87610DE64C34\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:7.0:rc4:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"02259FDA-961B-47BC-AE7F-93D7EC6E90C2\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:7.0:rc5:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"58A9FEFF-C040-420D-8F0A-BFDAAA1DF258\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:7.0:rc6:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"1D2315C0-D46F-4F85-9754-F9E5E11374A6\"},{\"vulnerable\":true,\"criteria\":\"cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:7.0:rc7:*:*:*:*:*:*\",\"matchCriteriaId\":\"512EE3A8-A590-4501-9A94-5D4B268D6138\"}]}]}],\"references\":[{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/7466ae2aeed483de80c5d8dea0913cf74038b652\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/869c63d5975d55e97f6b168e885452b3da20ea47\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]},{\"url\":\"https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e67299e1044349ad0088d52c6bc5764cc1816c06\",\"source\":\"416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67\",\"tags\":[\"Patch\"]}]}}"
  }
}


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