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4 vulnerabilities found for c3p0 by swaldman
CVE-2026-55223 (GCVE-0-2026-55223)
Vulnerability from nvd – Published: 2026-06-30 22:56 – Updated: 2026-07-01 13:38
VLAI
Title
c3p0 exposes a deserialization "sink" via JDBC DataSource bean properties
Summary
c3p0 is a JDBC Connection pooling library. In versions prior to 0.14.0, c3p0 in combination with other libraries, can compose to a "sink" for deserialization gadgets. The JDBC spec's DataSource.getConnection() and ConnectionPoolDataSource.getPooledConnection() match the getXXX() form, so JavaBean libraries treat them as "properties" assumed safe while they actually call into JDBC drivers. Attackers can thus craft malicious DataSource objects whose property lookups invoke vulnerable drivers, then smuggle them in serialized form to where an application deserializes and auto-resolves bean properties — triggering the attack. This requires a susceptible DataSource/ConnectionPoolDataSource and JDBC driver on the CLASSPATH, plus a carrier that auto-looks-up JavaBean properties on = deserialization, most commonly a collection paired with an Apache commons-beanutils Comparator that sorts by bean properties. c3p0 supplied that susceptible DataSource/ConnectionPoolDataSource, which was an essential component of the trigger. This issue has been fixed in version 0.14.0.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/swaldman/c3p0/security/advisor… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/swaldman/c3p0/commit/7b022c4b6… | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2026-27830 (GCVE-0-2026-27830)
Vulnerability from nvd – Published: 2026-02-26 00:45 – Updated: 2026-06-30 12:08
VLAI
Title
c3p0 vulnerable to Remote Code Execution via unsafe deserialization of userOverridesAsString property
Summary
c3p0, a JDBC Connection pooling library, is vulnerable to attack via maliciously crafted Java-serialized objects and `javax.naming.Reference` instances. Several c3p0 `ConnectionPoolDataSource` implementations have a property called `userOverridesAsString` which conceptually represents a `Map<String,Map<String,String>>`. Prior to v0.12.0, that property was maintained as a hex-encoded serialized object. Any attacker able to reset this property, on an existing `ConnectionPoolDataSource` or via maliciously crafted serialized objects or `javax.naming.Reference` instances could be tailored execute unexpected code on the application's `CLASSPATH`. The danger of this vulnerability was strongly magnified by vulnerabilities in c3p0's main dependency, mchange-commons-java. This library includes code that mirrors early implementations of JNDI functionality, including ungated support for remote `factoryClassLocation` values. Attackers could set c3p0's `userOverridesAsString` hex-encoded serialized objects that include objects "indirectly serialized" via JNDI references. Deserialization of those objects and dereferencing of the embedded `javax.naming.Reference` objects could provoke download and execution of malicious code from a remote `factoryClassLocation`. Although hazard presented by c3p0's vulnerabilites are exarcerbated by vulnerabilities in mchange-commons-java, use of Java-serialized-object hex as the format for a writable Java-Bean property, of objects that may be exposed across JNDI interfaces, represents a serious independent fragility. The `userOverridesAsString` property of c3p0 `ConnectionPoolDataSource` classes has been reimplemented to use a safe CSV-based format, rather than rely upon potentially dangerous Java object deserialization. c3p0-0.12.0+ and above depend upon mchange-commons-java 0.4.0+, which gates support for remote `factoryClassLocation` values by configuration parameters that default to restrictive values. c3p0 additionally enforces the new mchange-commons-java `com.mchange.v2.naming.nameGuardClassName` to prevent injection of unexpected, potentially remote JNDI names. There is no supported workaround for versions of c3p0 prior to 0.12.0.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
14 references
Impacted products
18 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| swaldman | c3p0 |
Affected:
< 0.12.0
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss EAP 8.1 for RHEL 8 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:8.1::el8 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss EAP 8.1 for RHEL 9 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:8.1::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Satellite 6.18 for RHEL 9 |
cpe:/a:redhat:satellite:6.18::el9 cpe:/a:redhat:satellite_capsule:6.18::el9 cpe:/a:redhat:satellite_maintenance:6.18::el9 cpe:/a:redhat:satellite_utils:6.18::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Build of Debezium 3.2 |
cpe:/a:redhat:debezium:3 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8.1 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:8.1::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat build of Apache Camel 4.14.4 for Spring Boot 3.5.11 |
cpe:/a:redhat:apache_camel_spring_boot:4.14 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat build of Debezium 2 |
cpe:/a:redhat:debezium:2 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat build of Debezium 3 |
cpe:/a:redhat:debezium:3 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Fuse 7 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_fuse:7 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 7 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:7 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:8 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Satellite 6 |
cpe:/a:redhat:satellite:6 |
|
| Red Hat | streams for Apache Kafka 2 |
cpe:/a:redhat:amq_streams:2 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat build of Apache Camel - HawtIO 4 |
cpe:/a:redhat:apache_camel_hawtio:4 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform Expansion Pack |
cpe:/a:redhat:jbosseapxp |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Process Automation 7 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_bpms_platform:7 |
|
| Red Hat | streams for Apache Kafka 3 |
cpe:/a:redhat:amq_streams:3 |
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CVE-2026-55223 (GCVE-0-2026-55223)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-30 22:56 – Updated: 2026-07-01 13:38
VLAI
Title
c3p0 exposes a deserialization "sink" via JDBC DataSource bean properties
Summary
c3p0 is a JDBC Connection pooling library. In versions prior to 0.14.0, c3p0 in combination with other libraries, can compose to a "sink" for deserialization gadgets. The JDBC spec's DataSource.getConnection() and ConnectionPoolDataSource.getPooledConnection() match the getXXX() form, so JavaBean libraries treat them as "properties" assumed safe while they actually call into JDBC drivers. Attackers can thus craft malicious DataSource objects whose property lookups invoke vulnerable drivers, then smuggle them in serialized form to where an application deserializes and auto-resolves bean properties — triggering the attack. This requires a susceptible DataSource/ConnectionPoolDataSource and JDBC driver on the CLASSPATH, plus a carrier that auto-looks-up JavaBean properties on = deserialization, most commonly a collection paired with an Apache commons-beanutils Comparator that sorts by bean properties. c3p0 supplied that susceptible DataSource/ConnectionPoolDataSource, which was an essential component of the trigger. This issue has been fixed in version 0.14.0.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/swaldman/c3p0/security/advisor… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/swaldman/c3p0/commit/7b022c4b6… | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2026-27830 (GCVE-0-2026-27830)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-26 00:45 – Updated: 2026-06-30 12:08
VLAI
Title
c3p0 vulnerable to Remote Code Execution via unsafe deserialization of userOverridesAsString property
Summary
c3p0, a JDBC Connection pooling library, is vulnerable to attack via maliciously crafted Java-serialized objects and `javax.naming.Reference` instances. Several c3p0 `ConnectionPoolDataSource` implementations have a property called `userOverridesAsString` which conceptually represents a `Map<String,Map<String,String>>`. Prior to v0.12.0, that property was maintained as a hex-encoded serialized object. Any attacker able to reset this property, on an existing `ConnectionPoolDataSource` or via maliciously crafted serialized objects or `javax.naming.Reference` instances could be tailored execute unexpected code on the application's `CLASSPATH`. The danger of this vulnerability was strongly magnified by vulnerabilities in c3p0's main dependency, mchange-commons-java. This library includes code that mirrors early implementations of JNDI functionality, including ungated support for remote `factoryClassLocation` values. Attackers could set c3p0's `userOverridesAsString` hex-encoded serialized objects that include objects "indirectly serialized" via JNDI references. Deserialization of those objects and dereferencing of the embedded `javax.naming.Reference` objects could provoke download and execution of malicious code from a remote `factoryClassLocation`. Although hazard presented by c3p0's vulnerabilites are exarcerbated by vulnerabilities in mchange-commons-java, use of Java-serialized-object hex as the format for a writable Java-Bean property, of objects that may be exposed across JNDI interfaces, represents a serious independent fragility. The `userOverridesAsString` property of c3p0 `ConnectionPoolDataSource` classes has been reimplemented to use a safe CSV-based format, rather than rely upon potentially dangerous Java object deserialization. c3p0-0.12.0+ and above depend upon mchange-commons-java 0.4.0+, which gates support for remote `factoryClassLocation` values by configuration parameters that default to restrictive values. c3p0 additionally enforces the new mchange-commons-java `com.mchange.v2.naming.nameGuardClassName` to prevent injection of unexpected, potentially remote JNDI names. There is no supported workaround for versions of c3p0 prior to 0.12.0.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
14 references
Impacted products
18 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| swaldman | c3p0 |
Affected:
< 0.12.0
|
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss EAP 8.1 for RHEL 8 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:8.1::el8 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss EAP 8.1 for RHEL 9 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:8.1::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Satellite 6.18 for RHEL 9 |
cpe:/a:redhat:satellite:6.18::el9 cpe:/a:redhat:satellite_capsule:6.18::el9 cpe:/a:redhat:satellite_maintenance:6.18::el9 cpe:/a:redhat:satellite_utils:6.18::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Build of Debezium 3.2 |
cpe:/a:redhat:debezium:3 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8.1 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:8.1::el9 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat build of Apache Camel 4.14.4 for Spring Boot 3.5.11 |
cpe:/a:redhat:apache_camel_spring_boot:4.14 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat build of Debezium 2 |
cpe:/a:redhat:debezium:2 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat build of Debezium 3 |
cpe:/a:redhat:debezium:3 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Fuse 7 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_fuse:7 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 7 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:7 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform 8 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_application_platform:8 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Satellite 6 |
cpe:/a:redhat:satellite:6 |
|
| Red Hat | streams for Apache Kafka 2 |
cpe:/a:redhat:amq_streams:2 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat build of Apache Camel - HawtIO 4 |
cpe:/a:redhat:apache_camel_hawtio:4 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform Expansion Pack |
cpe:/a:redhat:jbosseapxp |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Process Automation 7 |
cpe:/a:redhat:jboss_enterprise_bpms_platform:7 |
|
| Red Hat | streams for Apache Kafka 3 |
cpe:/a:redhat:amq_streams:3 |
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"cweId": "CWE-502",
"description": "CWE-502: Deserialization of Untrusted Data",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
},
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-94",
"description": "CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code (\u0027Code Injection\u0027)",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-02-26T00:45:18.222Z",
"orgId": "a0819718-46f1-4df5-94e2-005712e83aaa",
"shortName": "GitHub_M"
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"references": [
{
"name": "https://github.com/swaldman/c3p0/security/advisories/GHSA-5476-xc4j-rqcv",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_CONFIRM"
],
"url": "https://github.com/swaldman/c3p0/security/advisories/GHSA-5476-xc4j-rqcv"
},
{
"name": "https://github.com/swaldman/c3p0/commit/e14cbd8166e423e2e9a9d6f08b2add3433492d6e",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
"url": "https://github.com/swaldman/c3p0/commit/e14cbd8166e423e2e9a9d6f08b2add3433492d6e"
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{
"name": "https://mogwailabs.de/en/blog/2025/02/c3p0-you-little-rascal",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
"url": "https://mogwailabs.de/en/blog/2025/02/c3p0-you-little-rascal"
},
{
"name": "https://www.mchange.com/projects/c3p0/#configuring_security",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
"url": "https://www.mchange.com/projects/c3p0/#configuring_security"
},
{
"name": "https://www.mchange.com/projects/c3p0/#security-note",
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
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"url": "https://www.mchange.com/projects/c3p0/#security-note"
}
],
"source": {
"advisory": "GHSA-5476-xc4j-rqcv",
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"title": "c3p0 vulnerable to Remote Code Execution via unsafe deserialization of userOverridesAsString property"
}
},
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"datePublished": "2026-02-26T00:45:18.222Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-02-24T02:32:39.800Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-06-30T12:08:05.254Z",
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