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CWE-88
Improper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command ('Argument Injection')
The product constructs a string for a command to be executed by a separate component in another control sphere, but it does not properly delimit the intended arguments, options, or switches within that command string.
CVE-2026-43943 (GCVE-0-2026-43943)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-08 02:55 – Updated: 2026-05-08 14:44
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
electerm: RCE via malicious SSH server filename in openFileWithEditor
Summary
electerm is an open-sourced terminal/ssh/sftp/telnet/serialport/RDP/VNC/Spice/ftp client. Prior to version 3.7.9, a code execution (RCE) vulnerability exists in electerm's SFTP open with system editor or "Edit with custom editor" feature. When a user opts to edit a file using open with system editor or open with a custom editor, the filename is passed directly into a command line without sanitization. A malicious actor controlling the SSH server or user OS can exploit this by crafting a filename containing shell metacharacters. If a victim subsequently attempts to edit this file, the injected commands are executed on their machine with the user's privileges. This could allow the attacker to run arbitrary code, install malware, or move laterally within the network. This issue has been patched in version 3.7.9.
Severity
7.8 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/electerm/electerm/security/adv… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/electerm/electerm/commit/24ce7… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/electerm/electerm/releases/tag… | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2026-44193 (GCVE-0-2026-44193)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-13 21:52 – Updated: 2026-05-16 03:56
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
OPNsense: RCE via XMLRPC endpoint using `opnsense.restore_config_section` method
Summary
OPNsense is a FreeBSD based firewall and routing platform. Prior to 26.1.7, the XMLRPC method opnsense.restore_config_section fails to sanitize user supplied input leading to Remote Code Execution. This vulnerability is fixed in 26.1.7.
Severity
9.1 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-88 - Improper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command ('Argument Injection')
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/opnsense/core/security/advisor… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
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CVE-2026-44449 (GCVE-0-2026-44449)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-26 20:00 – Updated: 2026-05-27 13:22
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Lumiverse: SMB `exists()` basename injection via smbclient `!cmd` escape
Summary
Lumiverse is a full-featured AI chat application. Prior to 0.9.7, when the primary toSmbPath(fullPath) call throws, the method falls back to a dirname/basename split and only validates the directory prefix. The basename is concatenated directly into the smbclient -c script without validation. smbclient interprets ; as a subcommand separator and !cmd as a local-shell escape that runs cmd on the host. A path whose directory component is clean but whose basename contains "; !<cmd>; echo " achieves arbitrary command execution on the Lumiverse server. This vulnerability is fixed in 0.9.7.
Severity
9.1 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-88 - Improper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command ('Argument Injection')
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/prolix-oc/Lumiverse/security/a… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
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CVE-2026-44450 (GCVE-0-2026-44450)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-26 19:54 – Updated: 2026-06-01 17:09
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Lumiverse: RCE via MCP stdio argument injection
Summary
Lumiverse is a full-featured AI chat application. Prior to 0.9.7, the MCP server creation endpoint validates the command field against an allowlist of binary names but forwards the args array to the child process without any validation. Every binary on the allowlist accepts an inline-code execution flag (-e for node/bun, -c for python3/deno), giving any logged-in user arbitrary OS-level code execution on the Lumiverse server. The route requires only requireAuth (not requireOwner). The server binds on all interfaces (::) and the host-header rebinding check is bypassed trivially by any HTTP client that sends Host: localhost:<port> directly, making this exploitable from any machine with network access to the server port. This vulnerability is fixed in 0.9.7.
Severity
9.9 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-88 - Improper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command ('Argument Injection')
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/prolix-oc/Lumiverse/security/a… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
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CVE-2026-44712 (GCVE-0-2026-44712)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-27 20:24 – Updated: 2026-05-28 13:17
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
pam_usb: Shell injection via device UUID and username in pamusb-conf and pamusb-agent
Summary
pam_usb provides hardware authentication for Linux using ordinary removable media. Prior to 0.8.7, a crafted UUID such as $(id>/tmp/rce) in the config causes root RCE when pamusb-conf --reset-pads is run. A USB device with a crafted filesystem UUID (some controllers allow this) can inject the payload at --add-device time. Also, userName from the XML config is passed to os.system() in pamusb-agent, which invokes a shell. This vulnerability is fixed in 0.8.7.
Severity
8.2 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/mcdope/pam_usb/security/adviso… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
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CVE-2026-44790 (GCVE-0-2026-44790)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-23 15:53 – Updated: 2026-06-23 17:33
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
n8n: Arbitrary File Read via Git Node
Summary
n8n is an open source workflow automation platform. Prior to 1.123.43, 2.22.1, and 2.20.7, an authenticated user with permission to create or modify workflows could inject CLI flags on the Git node's Push operation allowing an attacker to read arbitrary files from the n8n server potentially leading to full compromise. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.123.43, 2.22.1, and 2.20.7.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-88 - Improper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command ('Argument Injection')
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
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CVE-2026-45158 (GCVE-0-2026-45158)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-13 21:54 – Updated: 2026-05-14 12:22
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
OPNsense: Command Injection via Attacker-Controlled DHCP Config
Summary
OPNsense is a FreeBSD based firewall and routing platform. Prior to 26.1.8, unsanitized user input is passed to the DHCP configuration of the configured interface, which is processed by a shell script, allowing remote code execution as root on the underlying operating system. This vulnerability is fixed in 26.1.8.
Severity
9.1 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-88 - Improper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command ('Argument Injection')
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
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CVE-2026-45181 (GCVE-0-2026-45181)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-09 21:47 – Updated: 2026-05-11 14:59
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
Hex-Rays IDA Pro 9.2 and 9.3 before 9.3sp2 does not block Clang dependency-file generation (via argument injection), which allows attackers to place their code into a plugins directory if the victim uses an attacker-supplied .i64 file.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-88 - Improper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command ('Argument Injection')
Assigner
References
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CVE-2026-46483 (GCVE-0-2026-46483)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-15 14:57 – Updated: 2026-05-15 15:57
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Vim: Command injection in tar#Vimuntar via missing shellescape {special} flag
Summary
Vim is an open source, command line text editor. Prior to 9.2.0479, a command injection vulnerability exists in tar#Vimuntar() in
runtime/autoload/tar.vim when decompressing .tgz archives on Unix-like systems. The function builds :!gunzip and :!gzip -d commands using shellescape(tartail) without the {special} flag, allowing a crafted archive filename to trigger Vim cmdline-special expansion and execute shell commands in the user's context. This vulnerability is fixed in 9.2.0479.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/vim/vim/security/advisories/GH… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/3fb5e58fbc63d86… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/vim/vim/releases/tag/v9.2.0479 | x_refsource_MISC |
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CVE-2026-46529 (GCVE-0-2026-46529)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-10 19:46 – Updated: 2026-06-30 12:06
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
PDF /GoToR action argv injection enables single-click RCE via --gtk-module dlopen
Summary
Atril Document Viewer is the default document reader of the MATE desktop environment for Linux. A single-click remote code execution vulnerability in versions prior to 1.26.3 and 1.28.4 allows an attacker to achieve arbitrary code execution as the user by tricking them into clicking a link inside a malicious PDF document. The PDF can be packaged as a polyglot file that is simultaneously a valid PDF and a valid ELF shared library, making the attack a single-file, single-click, configuration-independent RCE on stock atril installations. The root cause is `shell/ev-application.c:ev_spawn`, which builds a command line from attacker-controlled PDF link-destination fields without applying `g_shell_quote`. The cmdline is then handed to `g_app_info_create_from_commandline`, which shell-parses it back into argv — splitting any embedded `--gtk-module=PATH` into a separate argv element. GTK then `dlopen()`s the path during init, running any `__attribute__((constructor))` it finds. Versions 1.26.3 and 1.28.4 contain a patch for the issue. This is the same defect class as CVE-2023-51698 (CBT `--checkpoint-action` injection in `comics-document.c`, fixed in 1.6.2) but in a different code path (`shell/ev-application.c`) that the original patch did not touch.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
16 references
Impacted products
8 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| mate-desktop | atril |
Affected:
< 1.26.3
Affected: >= 1.27.0, < 1.28.4 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 8) |
cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:8::appstream |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream E4S (v.9.4) |
cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_e4s:9.4::appstream |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream EUS (v.9.6) |
cpe:/a:redhat:rhel_eus:9.6::appstream |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux AppStream (v. 9) |
cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:9::appstream |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux CRB (v. 8) |
cpe:/a:redhat:enterprise_linux:8::crb |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7 |
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Mitigation
Phase: Implementation
Strategy: Parameterization
Description:
- Where possible, avoid building a single string that contains the command and its arguments. Some languages or frameworks have functions that support specifying independent arguments, e.g. as an array, which is used to automatically perform the appropriate quoting or escaping while building the command. For example, in PHP, escapeshellarg() can be used to escape a single argument to system(), or exec() can be called with an array of arguments. In C, code can often be refactored from using system() - which accepts a single string - to using exec(), which requires separate function arguments for each parameter.
Mitigation
Phase: Architecture and Design
Strategy: Input Validation
Description:
- Understand all the potential areas where untrusted inputs can enter your product: parameters or arguments, cookies, anything read from the network, environment variables, request headers as well as content, URL components, e-mail, files, databases, and any external systems that provide data to the application. Perform input validation at well-defined interfaces.
Mitigation ID: MIT-5
Phase: Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
Description:
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
Mitigation
Phase: Implementation
Description:
- Directly convert your input type into the expected data type, such as using a conversion function that translates a string into a number. After converting to the expected data type, ensure that the input's values fall within the expected range of allowable values and that multi-field consistencies are maintained.
Mitigation
Phase: Implementation
Description:
- Inputs should be decoded and canonicalized to the application's current internal representation before being validated (CWE-180, CWE-181). Make sure that your application does not inadvertently decode the same input twice (CWE-174). Such errors could be used to bypass allowlist schemes by introducing dangerous inputs after they have been checked. Use libraries such as the OWASP ESAPI Canonicalization control.
- Consider performing repeated canonicalization until your input does not change any more. This will avoid double-decoding and similar scenarios, but it might inadvertently modify inputs that are allowed to contain properly-encoded dangerous content.
Mitigation
Phase: Implementation
Description:
- When exchanging data between components, ensure that both components are using the same character encoding. Ensure that the proper encoding is applied at each interface. Explicitly set the encoding you are using whenever the protocol allows you to do so.
Mitigation
Phase: Implementation
Description:
- When your application combines data from multiple sources, perform the validation after the sources have been combined. The individual data elements may pass the validation step but violate the intended restrictions after they have been combined.
Mitigation
Phase: Testing
Description:
- Use dynamic tools and techniques that interact with the product using large test suites with many diverse inputs, such as fuzz testing (fuzzing), robustness testing, and fault injection. The product's operation may slow down, but it should not become unstable, crash, or generate incorrect results.
CAPEC-137: Parameter Injection
An adversary manipulates the content of request parameters for the purpose of undermining the security of the target. Some parameter encodings use text characters as separators. For example, parameters in a HTTP GET message are encoded as name-value pairs separated by an ampersand (&). If an attacker can supply text strings that are used to fill in these parameters, then they can inject special characters used in the encoding scheme to add or modify parameters. For example, if user input is fed directly into an HTTP GET request and the user provides the value "myInput&new_param=myValue", then the input parameter is set to myInput, but a new parameter (new_param) is also added with a value of myValue. This can significantly change the meaning of the query that is processed by the server. Any encoding scheme where parameters are identified and separated by text characters is potentially vulnerable to this attack - the HTTP GET encoding used above is just one example.
CAPEC-174: Flash Parameter Injection
An adversary takes advantage of improper data validation to inject malicious global parameters into a Flash file embedded within an HTML document. Flash files can leverage user-submitted data to configure the Flash document and access the embedding HTML document.
CAPEC-41: Using Meta-characters in E-mail Headers to Inject Malicious Payloads
This type of attack involves an attacker leveraging meta-characters in email headers to inject improper behavior into email programs. Email software has become increasingly sophisticated and feature-rich. In addition, email applications are ubiquitous and connected directly to the Web making them ideal targets to launch and propagate attacks. As the user demand for new functionality in email applications grows, they become more like browsers with complex rendering and plug in routines. As more email functionality is included and abstracted from the user, this creates opportunities for attackers. Virtually all email applications do not list email header information by default, however the email header contains valuable attacker vectors for the attacker to exploit particularly if the behavior of the email client application is known. Meta-characters are hidden from the user, but can contain scripts, enumerations, probes, and other attacks against the user's system.
CAPEC-460: HTTP Parameter Pollution (HPP)
An adversary adds duplicate HTTP GET/POST parameters by injecting query string delimiters. Via HPP it may be possible to override existing hardcoded HTTP parameters, modify the application behaviors, access and, potentially exploit, uncontrollable variables, and bypass input validation checkpoints and WAF rules.
CAPEC-88: OS Command Injection
In this type of an attack, an adversary injects operating system commands into existing application functions. An application that uses untrusted input to build command strings is vulnerable. An adversary can leverage OS command injection in an application to elevate privileges, execute arbitrary commands and compromise the underlying operating system.