CWE-732

Incorrect Permission Assignment for Critical Resource

The product specifies permissions for a security-critical resource in a way that allows that resource to be read or modified by unintended actors.

CVE-2025-27446 (GCVE-0-2025-27446)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-07-06 06:05 – Updated: 2026-02-26 18:27
VLAI
Title
Apache APISIX Java Plugin Runner: Local listening file permissions in APISIX plugin runner allow a local attacker to elevate privileges
Summary
Incorrect Permission Assignment for Critical Resource vulnerability in Apache APISIX(java-plugin-runner). Local listening file permissions in APISIX plugin runner allow a local attacker to elevate privileges. This issue affects Apache APISIX(java-plugin-runner): from 0.2.0 through 0.5.0. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 0.6.0 or higher, which fixes the issue.
Severity
No CVSS data available.
CWE
  • CWE-732 - Incorrect Permission Assignment for Critical Resource
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Credits
Benoit TELLIER
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2025-2759 (GCVE-0-2025-2759)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-22 00:57 – Updated: 2025-05-22 13:35
VLAI
Title
GStreamer Incorrect Permission Assignment Local Privilege Escalation Vulnerability
Summary
GStreamer Incorrect Permission Assignment Local Privilege Escalation Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows local attackers to escalate privileges on affected installations of GStreamer. An attacker must first obtain the ability to execute low-privileged code on the target system in order to exploit this vulnerability. The specific flaw exists within the product installer. The issue results from incorrect permissions on folders. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to escalate privileges and execute arbitrary code in the context of a target user. Was ZDI-CAN-25448.
CWE
  • CWE-732 - Incorrect Permission Assignment for Critical Resource
Assigner
zdi
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
GStreamer GStreamer Affected: 1.24.8
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2025-04-30 21:57
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2025-27688 (GCVE-0-2025-27688)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-03-18 15:55 – Updated: 2026-02-26 19:09
VLAI
Summary
Dell ThinOS 2408 and prior, contains an improper permissions vulnerability. A low privileged attacker with local access could potentially exploit this vulnerability, leading to Elevation of privileges.
CWE
  • CWE-732 - Incorrect Permission Assignment for Critical Resource
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Dell Wyse Proprietary OS (Modern ThinOS) Affected: N/A , < ThinOS 2502 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2025-03-18 06:30
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2025-30063 (GCVE-0-2025-30063)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-08-27 10:25 – Updated: 2025-08-27 13:28
VLAI
Title
Excessive permissions on configuration files containing database logins and passwords
Summary
The configuration file containing database logins and passwords is readable by any local user.
CWE
  • CWE-732 - Incorrect Permission Assignment for Critical Resource
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
CGM CGM CLININET Affected: 0 , < 2024.MS4 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2025-08-27 00:00
Credits
Maciej Kazulak
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2025-30408 (GCVE-0-2025-30408)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-04-24 13:04 – Updated: 2026-02-26 18:28
VLAI
Summary
Local privilege escalation due to insecure folder permissions. The following products are affected: Acronis Cyber Protect Cloud Agent (Windows) before build 39904, Acronis Cyber Protect 16 (Windows) before build 39938.
CWE
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Acronis Acronis Cyber Protect Cloud Agent Affected: unspecified , < 39904 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Acronis Acronis Cyber Protect 16 Affected: unspecified , < 39938 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
@s3nds3c (https://hackerone.com/s3nds3c)
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2025-30413 (GCVE-0-2025-30413)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-05 23:56 – Updated: 2026-03-06 19:33
VLAI
Summary
Credentials are not deleted from Acronis Agent after plan revocation. The following products are affected: Acronis Cyber Protect Cloud Agent (Linux, macOS, Windows) before build 40497, Acronis Cyber Protect 17 (Linux, macOS, Windows) before build 41186.
CWE
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Acronis Acronis Cyber Protect Cloud Agent Affected: unspecified , < 40497 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Acronis Acronis Cyber Protect 17 Affected: unspecified , < 41186 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Airbus SecLab (mailto:vuln@airbus.com) Quentin Liddell (mailto:vuln@airbus.com) Mattéo Ricordeau (mailto:vuln@airbus.com) Benoît Camredon (mailto:vuln@airbus.com)
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2025-30661 (GCVE-0-2025-30661)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-07-11 14:38 – Updated: 2026-02-26 17:50
VLAI
Title
Junos OS: Low-privileged user can cause script to run as root, leading to privilege escalation
Summary
An Incorrect Permission Assignment for Critical Resource vulnerability in line card script processing of Juniper Networks Junos OS allows a local, low-privileged user to install scripts to be executed as root, leading to privilege escalation. A local user with access to the local file system can copy a script to the router in a way that will be executed as root, as the system boots. Execution of the script as root can lead to privilege escalation, potentially providing the adversary complete control of the system. This issue only affects specific line cards, such as the MPC10, MPC11, LC4800, LC9600, MX304-LMIC16, SRX4700, and EX9200-15C. This issue affects Junos OS: * from 23.2 before 23.2R2-S4,  * from 23.4 before 23.4R2-S5,  * from 24.2 before 24.2R2-S1,  * from 24.4 before 24.4R1-S3, 24.4R2. This issue does not affect versions prior to 23.1R2.
CWE
  • CWE-732 - Incorrect Permission Assignment for Critical Resource
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Juniper Networks Junos OS Affected: 23.2 , < 23.2R2-S4 (semver)
Affected: 23.4 , < 23.4R2-S5 (semver)
Affected: 24.2 , < 24.2R2-S1 (semver)
Affected: 24.4 , < 24.4R1-S3, 24.4R2 (semver)
Unaffected: 0 , < 23.1R2 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2025-07-09 16:00
Credits
Juniper SIRT would like to acknowledge and thank Pierre EMERIAUD from Orange group & Orange CERT-CC for responsibly reporting this vulnerability.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2025-31702 (GCVE-0-2025-31702)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-10-15 05:53 – Updated: 2025-10-15 13:25
VLAI
Summary
A vulnerability exists in certain Dahua embedded products. Third-party malicious attacker with obtained normal user credentials could exploit the vulnerability to access certain data which are restricted to admin privileges, such as system-sensitive files through specific HTTP request. This may cause tampering with admin password, leading to privilege escalation. Systems with only admin account are not affected.
CWE
  • CWE-732 - Incorrect Permission Assignment for Critical Resource
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Dahua IPC Affected: Affected products include certain models from the IPC-1XXX, IPC-2XXX, IPC-WX, and IPC-ECXX series, and limited to versions which build time prior to 1st July 2025 (not including 1st July 2025).
Create a notification for this product.
Dahua SD Affected: Affected products include certain models from the SD3A, SD2A, SD3D, SDT2A, and SD2C series, and limited to versions which build time prior to 1st July 2025 (not including 1st July 2025).
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2025-32915 (GCVE-0-2025-32915)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-22 14:16 – Updated: 2025-05-22 14:48
VLAI
Title
Sensitive data exposed during automatic agent updates
Summary
Packages downloaded by Checkmk's automatic agent updates on Linux and Solaris have incorrect permissions in Checkmk < 2.4.0p1, < 2.3.0p32, < 2.2.0p42 and <= 2.1.0p49 (EOL). This allows a local attacker to read sensitive data.
CWE
  • CWE-732 - Incorrect Permission Assignment for Critical Resource
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Checkmk GmbH Checkmk Affected: 2.4.0 , < 2.4.0p1 (semver)
Affected: 2.3.0 , < 2.3.0p32 (semver)
Affected: 2.2.0 , < 2.2.0p42 (semver)
Affected: 2.1.0 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2025-33088 (GCVE-0-2025-33088)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-17 21:35 – Updated: 2026-02-26 14:44
VLAI
Title
Multiple Vulnerabilities in IBM Concert Software.
Summary
IBM Concert 1.0.0 through 2.1.0 could allow a local user with specific knowledge about the system's architecture to escalate their privileges due to incorrect file permissions for critical resources.
CWE
  • CWE-732 - Incorrect Permission Assignment for Critical Resource
Assigner
ibm
References
URL Tags
https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7260161 vendor-advisorypatch
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
IBM Concert Affected: 1.0.0 , ≤ 2.1.0 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:ibm:concert:1.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
    cpe:2.3:a:ibm:concert:2.1.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

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Mitigation

Phase: Implementation

Description:

  • When using a critical resource such as a configuration file, check to see if the resource has insecure permissions (such as being modifiable by any regular user) [REF-62], and generate an error or even exit the software if there is a possibility that the resource could have been modified by an unauthorized party.
Mitigation

Phase: Architecture and Design

Description:

  • Divide the software into anonymous, normal, privileged, and administrative areas. Reduce the attack surface by carefully defining distinct user groups, privileges, and/or roles. Map these against data, functionality, and the related resources. Then set the permissions accordingly. This will allow you to maintain more fine-grained control over your resources. [REF-207]
Mitigation ID: MIT-22

Phases: Architecture and Design, Operation

Strategy: Sandbox or Jail

Description:

  • Run the code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which files can be accessed in a particular directory or which commands can be executed by the software.
  • OS-level examples include the Unix chroot jail, AppArmor, and SELinux. In general, managed code may provide some protection. For example, java.io.FilePermission in the Java SecurityManager allows the software to specify restrictions on file operations.
  • This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of the application may still be subject to compromise.
  • Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
Mitigation

Phases: Implementation, Installation

Description:

  • During program startup, explicitly set the default permissions or umask to the most restrictive setting possible. Also set the appropriate permissions during program installation. This will prevent you from inheriting insecure permissions from any user who installs or runs the program.
Mitigation

Phase: System Configuration

Description:

  • For all configuration files, executables, and libraries, make sure that they are only readable and writable by the software's administrator.
Mitigation

Phase: Documentation

Description:

  • Do not suggest insecure configuration changes in documentation, especially if those configurations can extend to resources and other programs that are outside the scope of the application.
Mitigation

Phase: Installation

Description:

  • Do not assume that a system administrator will manually change the configuration to the settings that are recommended in the software's manual.
Mitigation ID: MIT-37

Phases: Operation, System Configuration

Strategy: Environment Hardening

Description:

  • Ensure that the software runs properly under the United States Government Configuration Baseline (USGCB) [REF-199] or an equivalent hardening configuration guide, which many organizations use to limit the attack surface and potential risk of deployed software.
Mitigation

Phases: Implementation, System Configuration, Operation

Description:

  • When storing data in the cloud (e.g., S3 buckets, Azure blobs, Google Cloud Storage, etc.), use the provider's controls to disable public access.
CAPEC-1: Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs

In applications, particularly web applications, access to functionality is mitigated by an authorization framework. This framework maps Access Control Lists (ACLs) to elements of the application's functionality; particularly URL's for web apps. In the case that the administrator failed to specify an ACL for a particular element, an attacker may be able to access it with impunity. An attacker with the ability to access functionality not properly constrained by ACLs can obtain sensitive information and possibly compromise the entire application. Such an attacker can access resources that must be available only to users at a higher privilege level, can access management sections of the application, or can run queries for data that they otherwise not supposed to.

CAPEC-122: Privilege Abuse

An adversary is able to exploit features of the target that should be reserved for privileged users or administrators but are exposed to use by lower or non-privileged accounts. Access to sensitive information and functionality must be controlled to ensure that only authorized users are able to access these resources.

CAPEC-127: Directory Indexing

An adversary crafts a request to a target that results in the target listing/indexing the content of a directory as output. One common method of triggering directory contents as output is to construct a request containing a path that terminates in a directory name rather than a file name since many applications are configured to provide a list of the directory's contents when such a request is received. An adversary can use this to explore the directory tree on a target as well as learn the names of files. This can often end up revealing test files, backup files, temporary files, hidden files, configuration files, user accounts, script contents, as well as naming conventions, all of which can be used by an attacker to mount additional attacks.

CAPEC-17: Using Malicious Files

An attack of this type exploits a system's configuration that allows an adversary to either directly access an executable file, for example through shell access; or in a possible worst case allows an adversary to upload a file and then execute it. Web servers, ftp servers, and message oriented middleware systems which have many integration points are particularly vulnerable, because both the programmers and the administrators must be in synch regarding the interfaces and the correct privileges for each interface.

CAPEC-180: Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels

An attacker exploits a weakness in the configuration of access controls and is able to bypass the intended protection that these measures guard against and thereby obtain unauthorized access to the system or network. Sensitive functionality should always be protected with access controls. However configuring all but the most trivial access control systems can be very complicated and there are many opportunities for mistakes. If an attacker can learn of incorrectly configured access security settings, they may be able to exploit this in an attack.

CAPEC-206: Signing Malicious Code

The adversary extracts credentials used for code signing from a production environment and then uses these credentials to sign malicious content with the developer's key. Many developers use signing keys to sign code or hashes of code. When users or applications verify the signatures are accurate they are led to believe that the code came from the owner of the signing key and that the code has not been modified since the signature was applied. If the adversary has extracted the signing credentials then they can use those credentials to sign their own code bundles. Users or tools that verify the signatures attached to the code will likely assume the code came from the legitimate developer and install or run the code, effectively allowing the adversary to execute arbitrary code on the victim's computer. This differs from CAPEC-673, because the adversary is performing the code signing.

CAPEC-234: Hijacking a privileged process

An adversary gains control of a process that is assigned elevated privileges in order to execute arbitrary code with those privileges. Some processes are assigned elevated privileges on an operating system, usually through association with a particular user, group, or role. If an attacker can hijack this process, they will be able to assume its level of privilege in order to execute their own code.

CAPEC-60: Reusing Session IDs (aka Session Replay)

This attack targets the reuse of valid session ID to spoof the target system in order to gain privileges. The attacker tries to reuse a stolen session ID used previously during a transaction to perform spoofing and session hijacking. Another name for this type of attack is Session Replay.

CAPEC-61: Session Fixation

The attacker induces a client to establish a session with the target software using a session identifier provided by the attacker. Once the user successfully authenticates to the target software, the attacker uses the (now privileged) session identifier in their own transactions. This attack leverages the fact that the target software either relies on client-generated session identifiers or maintains the same session identifiers after privilege elevation.

CAPEC-62: Cross Site Request Forgery

An attacker crafts malicious web links and distributes them (via web pages, email, etc.), typically in a targeted manner, hoping to induce users to click on the link and execute the malicious action against some third-party application. If successful, the action embedded in the malicious link will be processed and accepted by the targeted application with the users' privilege level. This type of attack leverages the persistence and implicit trust placed in user session cookies by many web applications today. In such an architecture, once the user authenticates to an application and a session cookie is created on the user's system, all following transactions for that session are authenticated using that cookie including potential actions initiated by an attacker and simply "riding" the existing session cookie.

CAPEC-642: Replace Binaries

Adversaries know that certain binaries will be regularly executed as part of normal processing. If these binaries are not protected with the appropriate file system permissions, it could be possible to replace them with malware. This malware might be executed at higher system permission levels. A variation of this pattern is to discover self-extracting installation packages that unpack binaries to directories with weak file permissions which it does not clean up appropriately. These binaries can be replaced by malware, which can then be executed.

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