CWE-22
Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
The product uses external input to construct a pathname that is intended to identify a file or directory that is located underneath a restricted parent directory, but the product does not properly neutralize special elements within the pathname that can cause the pathname to resolve to a location that is outside of the restricted directory.
CVE-2018-19945 (GCVE-0-2018-19945)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2020-12-31 16:33 – Updated: 2024-09-17 02:01
VLAI
Title
Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory in QTS
Summary
A vulnerability has been reported to affect earlier QNAP devices running QTS 4.3.4 to 4.3.6. Caused by improper limitations of a pathname to a restricted directory, this vulnerability allows for renaming arbitrary files on the target system, if exploited. QNAP have already fixed this vulnerability in the following versions: QTS 4.3.6.0895 build 20190328 (and later) QTS 4.3.4.0899 build 20190322 (and later) This issue does not affect QTS 4.4.x or QTS 4.5.x.
Severity
No CVSS data available.
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.qnap.com/zh-tw/security-advisory/qsa-20-21 | x_refsource_MISC |
Impacted products
3 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| QNAP Systems Inc. | QTS |
Affected:
unspecified , < 4.3.6.0895
(custom)
|
|
| QNAP Systems Inc. | QTS |
Affected:
unspecified , < 4.3.4.0899
(custom)
|
|
| QNAP Systems Inc. | QTS |
Unaffected:
4.5.x
Unaffected: 4.4.x |
Date Public
2020-12-30 00:00
Credits
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2024-08-05T11:51:17.544Z",
"orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
"shortName": "CVE"
},
"references": [
{
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC",
"x_transferred"
],
"url": "https://www.qnap.com/zh-tw/security-advisory/qsa-20-21"
}
],
"title": "CVE Program Container"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"platforms": [
"build 20190328"
],
"product": "QTS",
"vendor": "QNAP Systems Inc.",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "4.3.6.0895",
"status": "affected",
"version": "unspecified",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"platforms": [
"build 20190322"
],
"product": "QTS",
"vendor": "QNAP Systems Inc.",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "4.3.4.0899",
"status": "affected",
"version": "unspecified",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"product": "QTS",
"vendor": "QNAP Systems Inc.",
"versions": [
{
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "4.5.x"
},
{
"status": "unaffected",
"version": "4.4.x"
}
]
}
],
"credits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "Independent Security Evaluators"
}
],
"datePublic": "2020-12-30T00:00:00.000Z",
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "A vulnerability has been reported to affect earlier QNAP devices running QTS 4.3.4 to 4.3.6. Caused by improper limitations of a pathname to a restricted directory, this vulnerability allows for renaming arbitrary files on the target system, if exploited. QNAP have already fixed this vulnerability in the following versions: QTS 4.3.6.0895 build 20190328 (and later) QTS 4.3.4.0899 build 20190322 (and later) This issue does not affect QTS 4.4.x or QTS 4.5.x."
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-20",
"description": "CWE-20 Improper Input Validation",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
},
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-22",
"description": "CWE-22 Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory (\u0027Path Traversal\u0027)",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
},
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-73",
"description": "CWE-73 External Control of File Name or Path",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
},
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-284",
"description": "CWE-284 Improper Access Control",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2020-12-31T16:33:27.000Z",
"orgId": "2fd009eb-170a-4625-932b-17a53af1051f",
"shortName": "qnap"
},
"references": [
{
"tags": [
"x_refsource_MISC"
],
"url": "https://www.qnap.com/zh-tw/security-advisory/qsa-20-21"
}
],
"solutions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "QNAP have already fixed this vulnerability in the following versions:\n\nQTS 4.3.6.0895 build 20190328 (and later)\nQTS 4.3.4.0899 build 20190322 (and later)\nThis issue does not affect QTS 4.4.x or QTS 4.5.x."
}
],
"source": {
"advisory": "QSA-20-21",
"discovery": "EXTERNAL"
},
"title": "Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory in QTS",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "Vulnogram 0.0.9"
},
"x_legacyV4Record": {
"CVE_data_meta": {
"ASSIGNER": "security@qnap.com",
"DATE_PUBLIC": "2020-12-30T02:55:00.000Z",
"ID": "CVE-2018-19945",
"STATE": "PUBLIC",
"TITLE": "Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory in QTS"
},
"affects": {
"vendor": {
"vendor_data": [
{
"product": {
"product_data": [
{
"product_name": "QTS",
"version": {
"version_data": [
{
"platform": "build 20190328",
"version_affected": "\u003c",
"version_value": "4.3.6.0895"
},
{
"platform": "build 20190322",
"version_affected": "\u003c",
"version_value": "4.3.4.0899"
},
{
"version_affected": "!",
"version_value": "4.5.x"
},
{
"version_affected": "!",
"version_value": "4.4.x"
}
]
}
}
]
},
"vendor_name": "QNAP Systems Inc."
}
]
}
},
"credit": [
{
"lang": "eng",
"value": "Independent Security Evaluators"
}
],
"data_format": "MITRE",
"data_type": "CVE",
"data_version": "4.0",
"description": {
"description_data": [
{
"lang": "eng",
"value": "A vulnerability has been reported to affect earlier QNAP devices running QTS 4.3.4 to 4.3.6. Caused by improper limitations of a pathname to a restricted directory, this vulnerability allows for renaming arbitrary files on the target system, if exploited. QNAP have already fixed this vulnerability in the following versions: QTS 4.3.6.0895 build 20190328 (and later) QTS 4.3.4.0899 build 20190322 (and later) This issue does not affect QTS 4.4.x or QTS 4.5.x."
}
]
},
"generator": {
"engine": "Vulnogram 0.0.9"
},
"problemtype": {
"problemtype_data": [
{
"description": [
{
"lang": "eng",
"value": "CWE-20 Improper Input Validation"
}
]
},
{
"description": [
{
"lang": "eng",
"value": "CWE-22 Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory (\u0027Path Traversal\u0027)"
}
]
},
{
"description": [
{
"lang": "eng",
"value": "CWE-73 External Control of File Name or Path"
}
]
},
{
"description": [
{
"lang": "eng",
"value": "CWE-284 Improper Access Control"
}
]
}
]
},
"references": {
"reference_data": [
{
"name": "https://www.qnap.com/zh-tw/security-advisory/qsa-20-21",
"refsource": "MISC",
"url": "https://www.qnap.com/zh-tw/security-advisory/qsa-20-21"
}
]
},
"solution": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "QNAP have already fixed this vulnerability in the following versions:\n\nQTS 4.3.6.0895 build 20190328 (and later)\nQTS 4.3.4.0899 build 20190322 (and later)\nThis issue does not affect QTS 4.4.x or QTS 4.5.x."
}
],
"source": {
"advisory": "QSA-20-21",
"discovery": "EXTERNAL"
}
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "2fd009eb-170a-4625-932b-17a53af1051f",
"assignerShortName": "qnap",
"cveId": "CVE-2018-19945",
"datePublished": "2020-12-31T16:33:27.917Z",
"dateReserved": "2018-12-07T00:00:00.000Z",
"dateUpdated": "2024-09-17T02:01:35.778Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.1"
}
CVE-2018-25048 (GCVE-0-2018-25048)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-03-23 10:45 – Updated: 2025-02-19 21:00
VLAI
Title
Codesys Runtime Improper Limitation of a Pathname
Summary
The CODESYS runtime system in multiple versions allows an remote low privileged attacker to use a path traversal vulnerability to access and modify all system files as well as DoS the device.
Severity
8.8 (High)
CWE
- CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
17 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| CODESYS | Control for BeagleBone |
Affected:
3.0.0.0 , < 3.5.12.30
(custom)
|
|
| CODESYS | Control for emPC-A/iMX6 |
Affected:
3.0.0.0 , < 3.5.12.30
(custom)
|
|
| CODESYS | Control for IOT2000 |
Affected:
3.0.0.0 , < 3.5.12.30
(custom)
|
|
| CODESYS | Control for PFC100 |
Affected:
3.0.0.0 , < 3.5.12.30
(custom)
|
|
| CODESYS | Control for PFC200 |
Affected:
3.0.0.0 , < 3.5.12.30
(custom)
|
|
| CODESYS | Control for Raspberry Pi |
Affected:
3.0.0.0 , < 3.5.12.30
(custom)
|
|
| CODESYS | Control RTE V3 (all variants) |
Affected:
3.0.0.0 , < 3.5.12.30
(custom)
|
|
| CODESYS | Control Win V3 (all variants) |
Affected:
3.0.0.0 , < 3.5.12.30
(custom)
|
|
| CODESYS | V3 Simulation Runtime (part of the CODESYS Development System) |
Affected:
3.0.0.0 , < 3.5.12.30
(custom)
|
|
| CODESYS | HMI V3 (all variants) |
Affected:
3.0.0.0 , < 3.5.12.30
(custom)
|
|
| CODESYS | V3 Remote Target Visu (all variants) |
Affected:
3.0.0.0 , < 3.5.12.30
(custom)
|
|
| CODESYS | Control V3 Runtime System Toolkit |
Affected:
3.0.0.0 , < 3.5.12.30
(custom)
|
|
| CODESYS | V3 Embedded Target Visu Toolkit |
Affected:
3.0.0.0 , < 3.5.12.30
(custom)
|
|
| CODESYS | V3 Remote Target Visu Toolkit |
Affected:
3.0.0.0 , < 3.5.12.30
(custom)
|
|
| CODESYS | Runtime Toolkit 32 bit embedded |
Affected:
2.0.0.0 , < 2.3.2.10
(custom)
|
|
| CODESYS | Runtime Toolkit 32 bit full |
Affected:
2.0.0.0 , < 2.4.7.52
(custom)
|
|
| CODESYS | Runtime PLCWinNT |
Affected:
2.0.0.0 , < 2.4.7.52
(custom)
|
Credits
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2024-08-05T12:26:39.648Z",
"orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
"shortName": "CVE"
},
"references": [
{
"tags": [
"x_transferred"
],
"url": "https://customers.codesys.com/fileadmin/data/customers/security/2018/Advisory2018-04_CDS-59017.pdf"
}
],
"title": "CVE Program Container"
},
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2018-25048",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "none"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "total"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2025-02-19T21:00:23.308028Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-02-19T21:00:29.711Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "Control for BeagleBone",
"vendor": "CODESYS",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "3.5.12.30",
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.0.0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": " Control for emPC-A/iMX6",
"vendor": "CODESYS",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "3.5.12.30",
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.0.0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "Control for IOT2000",
"vendor": "CODESYS",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "3.5.12.30",
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.0.0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "Control for PFC100",
"vendor": "CODESYS",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "3.5.12.30",
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.0.0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "Control for PFC200",
"vendor": "CODESYS",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "3.5.12.30",
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.0.0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "Control for Raspberry Pi",
"vendor": "CODESYS",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "3.5.12.30",
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.0.0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "Control RTE V3 (all variants)",
"vendor": "CODESYS",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "3.5.12.30",
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.0.0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "Control Win V3 (all variants)",
"vendor": "CODESYS",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "3.5.12.30",
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.0.0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "V3 Simulation Runtime (part of the CODESYS Development System)",
"vendor": "CODESYS",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "3.5.12.30",
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.0.0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "HMI V3 (all variants)",
"vendor": "CODESYS",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "3.5.12.30",
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.0.0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "V3 Remote Target Visu (all variants)",
"vendor": "CODESYS",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "3.5.12.30",
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.0.0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "Control V3 Runtime System Toolkit",
"vendor": "CODESYS",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "3.5.12.30",
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.0.0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "V3 Embedded Target Visu Toolkit",
"vendor": "CODESYS",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "3.5.12.30",
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.0.0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "V3 Remote Target Visu Toolkit",
"vendor": "CODESYS",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "3.5.12.30",
"status": "affected",
"version": "3.0.0.0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "Runtime Toolkit 32 bit embedded",
"vendor": "CODESYS",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "2.3.2.10",
"status": "affected",
"version": "2.0.0.0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "Runtime Toolkit 32 bit full",
"vendor": "CODESYS",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "2.4.7.52",
"status": "affected",
"version": "2.0.0.0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
},
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"product": "Runtime PLCWinNT",
"vendor": "CODESYS",
"versions": [
{
"lessThan": "2.4.7.52",
"status": "affected",
"version": "2.0.0.0",
"versionType": "custom"
}
]
}
],
"credits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "reporter",
"user": "00000000-0000-4000-9000-000000000000",
"value": " Prosoft-Systems Ltd."
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "The CODESYS runtime system in multiple versions allows an remote low privileged attacker to use a path traversal vulnerability to access and modify all system files as well as DoS the device."
}
],
"value": "The CODESYS runtime system in multiple versions allows an remote low privileged attacker to use a path traversal vulnerability to access and modify all system files as well as DoS the device."
}
],
"impacts": [
{
"capecId": "CAPEC-126",
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "CAPEC-126 Path Traversal"
}
]
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"baseScore": 8.8,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "LOW",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-22",
"description": "CWE-22 Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory (\u0027Path Traversal\u0027)",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2023-03-23T10:45:36.900Z",
"orgId": "270ccfa6-a436-4e77-922e-914ec3a9685c",
"shortName": "CERTVDE"
},
"references": [
{
"url": "https://customers.codesys.com/fileadmin/data/customers/security/2018/Advisory2018-04_CDS-59017.pdf"
}
],
"source": {
"defect": [
"CERT@VDE#64324"
],
"discovery": "EXTERNAL"
},
"title": "Codesys Runtime Improper Limitation of a Pathname",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "Vulnogram 0.1.0-dev"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "270ccfa6-a436-4e77-922e-914ec3a9685c",
"assignerShortName": "CERTVDE",
"cveId": "CVE-2018-25048",
"datePublished": "2023-03-23T10:45:36.900Z",
"dateReserved": "2022-12-07T12:06:08.365Z",
"dateUpdated": "2025-02-19T21:00:29.711Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.1"
}
CVE-2018-25059 (GCVE-0-2018-25059)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2022-12-30 10:57 – Updated: 2024-08-05 12:26
VLAI
Title
pastebinit server.go pasteHandler path traversal
Summary
A vulnerability was found in pastebinit up to 0.2.2 and classified as problematic. Affected by this issue is the function pasteHandler of the file server.go. The manipulation of the argument r.URL.Path leads to path traversal. Upgrading to version 0.2.3 is able to address this issue. The name of the patch is 1af2facb6d95976c532b7f8f82747d454a092272. It is recommended to upgrade the affected component. The identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-217040.
Severity
CWE
- CWE-22 - Path Traversal
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.217040 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.217040 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://github.com/jessfraz/pastebinit/pull/3 | issue-tracking |
| https://github.com/jessfraz/pastebinit/commit/1af… | patch |
| https://github.com/jessfraz/pastebinit/releases/t… | patch |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n/a | pastebinit |
Affected:
0.2.0
Affected: 0.2.1 Affected: 0.2.2 |
Credits
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2024-08-05T12:26:39.660Z",
"orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
"shortName": "CVE"
},
"references": [
{
"tags": [
"vdb-entry",
"technical-description",
"x_transferred"
],
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.217040"
},
{
"tags": [
"signature",
"permissions-required",
"x_transferred"
],
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.217040"
},
{
"tags": [
"issue-tracking",
"x_transferred"
],
"url": "https://github.com/jessfraz/pastebinit/pull/3"
},
{
"tags": [
"patch",
"x_transferred"
],
"url": "https://github.com/jessfraz/pastebinit/commit/1af2facb6d95976c532b7f8f82747d454a092272"
},
{
"tags": [
"patch",
"x_transferred"
],
"url": "https://github.com/jessfraz/pastebinit/releases/tag/v0.2.3"
}
],
"title": "CVE Program Container"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"product": "pastebinit",
"vendor": "n/a",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "0.2.0"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "0.2.1"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "0.2.2"
}
]
}
],
"credits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "tool",
"value": "VulDB GitHub Commit Analyzer"
}
],
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "A vulnerability was found in pastebinit up to 0.2.2 and classified as problematic. Affected by this issue is the function pasteHandler of the file server.go. The manipulation of the argument r.URL.Path leads to path traversal. Upgrading to version 0.2.3 is able to address this issue. The name of the patch is 1af2facb6d95976c532b7f8f82747d454a092272. It is recommended to upgrade the affected component. The identifier of this vulnerability is VDB-217040."
},
{
"lang": "de",
"value": "Eine Schwachstelle wurde in pastebinit bis 0.2.2 gefunden. Sie wurde als problematisch eingestuft. Davon betroffen ist die Funktion pasteHandler der Datei server.go. Durch Beeinflussen des Arguments r.URL.Path mit unbekannten Daten kann eine path traversal-Schwachstelle ausgenutzt werden. Ein Aktualisieren auf die Version 0.2.3 vermag dieses Problem zu l\u00f6sen. Der Patch wird als 1af2facb6d95976c532b7f8f82747d454a092272 bezeichnet. Als bestm\u00f6gliche Massnahme wird das Einspielen eines Upgrades empfohlen."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"baseScore": 3.5,
"baseSeverity": "LOW",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"version": "3.1"
}
},
{
"cvssV3_0": {
"baseScore": 3.5,
"baseSeverity": "LOW",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"version": "3.0"
}
},
{
"cvssV2_0": {
"baseScore": 2.7,
"vectorString": "AV:A/AC:L/Au:S/C:P/I:N/A:N",
"version": "2.0"
}
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-22",
"description": "CWE-22 Path Traversal",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2023-10-20T12:10:27.202Z",
"orgId": "1af790b2-7ee1-4545-860a-a788eba489b5",
"shortName": "VulDB"
},
"references": [
{
"tags": [
"vdb-entry",
"technical-description"
],
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.217040"
},
{
"tags": [
"signature",
"permissions-required"
],
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.217040"
},
{
"tags": [
"issue-tracking"
],
"url": "https://github.com/jessfraz/pastebinit/pull/3"
},
{
"tags": [
"patch"
],
"url": "https://github.com/jessfraz/pastebinit/commit/1af2facb6d95976c532b7f8f82747d454a092272"
},
{
"tags": [
"patch"
],
"url": "https://github.com/jessfraz/pastebinit/releases/tag/v0.2.3"
}
],
"timeline": [
{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2022-12-30T00:00:00.000Z",
"value": "Advisory disclosed"
},
{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2022-12-30T00:00:00.000Z",
"value": "CVE reserved"
},
{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2022-12-30T01:00:00.000Z",
"value": "VulDB entry created"
},
{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2023-01-26T08:10:31.000Z",
"value": "VulDB entry last update"
}
],
"title": "pastebinit server.go pasteHandler path traversal"
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "1af790b2-7ee1-4545-860a-a788eba489b5",
"assignerShortName": "VulDB",
"cveId": "CVE-2018-25059",
"datePublished": "2022-12-30T10:57:46.306Z",
"dateReserved": "2022-12-30T10:56:17.740Z",
"dateUpdated": "2024-08-05T12:26:39.660Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.1"
}
CVE-2018-25113 (GCVE-0-2018-25113)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-07-23 13:50 – Updated: 2026-04-07 14:03
VLAI
Title
Dicoogle PACS Web Server 2.5.0 Unauthenticated Path Traversal
Summary
An unauthenticated path traversal vulnerability exists in Dicoogle PACS Web Server version 2.5.0 and possibly earlier. The vulnerability allows remote attackers to read arbitrary files on the underlying system by sending a crafted request to the /exportFile endpoint using the UID parameter. Successful exploitation can reveal sensitive files accessible by the web server user.
Severity
CWE
- CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/45007 | exploit |
| https://raw.githubusercontent.com/rapid7/metasplo… | exploit |
| https://www.fortiguard.com/encyclopedia/ips/46527… | third-party-advisory |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/dicoogle-pac… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dicoogle Project | PACS Web Server |
Affected:
2.5.0
|
Date Public
2018-07-11 00:00
Credits
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2018-25113",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "poc"
},
{
"Automatable": "yes"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2025-07-23T14:47:30.927506Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-07-23T14:47:46.824Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unknown",
"modules": [
"Web server export file handler (/exportFile endpoint)"
],
"platforms": [
"Windows"
],
"product": "PACS Web Server",
"vendor": "Dicoogle Project",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "2.5.0"
}
]
}
],
"credits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "finder",
"value": "Carlos Avila"
}
],
"datePublic": "2018-07-11T00:00:00.000Z",
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "An unauthenticated path traversal vulnerability exists in Dicoogle PACS Web Server version 2.5.0 and possibly earlier. The vulnerability allows remote attackers to read arbitrary files on the underlying system by sending a crafted request to the /exportFile endpoint using the UID parameter. Successful exploitation can reveal sensitive files accessible by the web server user.\u003cbr\u003e"
}
],
"value": "An unauthenticated path traversal vulnerability exists in Dicoogle PACS Web Server version 2.5.0 and possibly earlier. The vulnerability allows remote attackers to read arbitrary files on the underlying system by sending a crafted request to the /exportFile endpoint using the UID parameter. Successful exploitation can reveal sensitive files accessible by the web server user."
}
],
"impacts": [
{
"capecId": "CAPEC-126",
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "CAPEC-126 Path Traversal"
}
]
},
{
"capecId": "CAPEC-137",
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "CAPEC-137 Parameter Injection"
}
]
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV4_0": {
"Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackRequirements": "NONE",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"baseScore": 8.7,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
"subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
"subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"version": "4.0",
"vulnAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
"vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
"vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-22",
"description": "CWE-22 Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory (\u0027Path Traversal\u0027)",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-04-07T14:03:43.500Z",
"orgId": "83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10",
"shortName": "VulnCheck"
},
"references": [
{
"tags": [
"exploit"
],
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/45007"
},
{
"tags": [
"exploit"
],
"url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/rapid7/metasploit-framework/master/modules/auxiliary/scanner/http/dicoogle_traversal.rb"
},
{
"tags": [
"third-party-advisory"
],
"url": "https://www.fortiguard.com/encyclopedia/ips/46527/dicoogle-pacs-web-server-directory-traversal"
},
{
"tags": [
"third-party-advisory"
],
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/dicoogle-pacs-web-server-path-traversal"
}
],
"source": {
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"title": "Dicoogle PACS Web Server 2.5.0 Unauthenticated Path Traversal",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "Vulnogram 0.2.0"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10",
"assignerShortName": "VulnCheck",
"cveId": "CVE-2018-25113",
"datePublished": "2025-07-23T13:50:31.369Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-07-22T19:54:55.579Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-04-07T14:03:43.500Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
CVE-2018-25124 (GCVE-0-2018-25124)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-11-10 22:32 – Updated: 2026-04-07 14:03 X_Known Exploited Vulnerability
VLAI
Title
PacsOne Server 6.6.2 DICOM Web Viewer Directory Traversal LFI
Summary
PacsOne Server version 6.6.2 (prior versions are likely affected) contains a directory traversal vulnerability within the web-based DICOM viewer component. Successful exploitation allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to read arbitrary files via the 'nocache.php' endpoint with a crafted 'path' parameter. Exploitation evidence was observed by the Shadowserver Foundation on 2025-02-02 UTC.
Severity
CWE
- CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/43907 | exploit |
| https://pacsone.net/download.htm | product |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/pacsone-serv… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| RainbowFish Software | PacsOne Server |
Affected:
6.6.2
|
Date Public
2018-01-28 00:00
Credits
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2018-25124",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "poc"
},
{
"Automatable": "yes"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2025-11-12T17:33:53.427114Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-11-12T20:12:41.482Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"references": [
{
"tags": [
"exploit"
],
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/43907"
}
],
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"defaultStatus": "unaffected",
"modules": [
"DICOM Web Viewer (nocache.php)"
],
"product": "PacsOne Server",
"vendor": "RainbowFish Software",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "6.6.2"
}
]
}
],
"cpeApplicability": [
{
"nodes": [
{
"cpeMatch": [
{
"criteria": "cpe:2.3:a:rainbowfishsoftware:pacsone_server:6.6.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*",
"vulnerable": true
}
],
"negate": false,
"operator": "OR"
}
],
"operator": "OR"
}
],
"credits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "finder",
"value": "Carlos Avila"
}
],
"datePublic": "2018-01-28T00:00:00.000Z",
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"supportingMedia": [
{
"base64": false,
"type": "text/html",
"value": "PacsOne Server version 6.6.2 (prior versions are likely affected) contains a directory traversal vulnerability within the web-based DICOM viewer component. Successful exploitation allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to read arbitrary files via the \u0027nocache.php\u0027 endpoint with a crafted \u0027path\u0027 parameter. Exploitation evidence was observed by the Shadowserver Foundation on 2025-02-02 UTC."
}
],
"value": "PacsOne Server version 6.6.2 (prior versions are likely affected) contains a directory traversal vulnerability within the web-based DICOM viewer component. Successful exploitation allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to read arbitrary files via the \u0027nocache.php\u0027 endpoint with a crafted \u0027path\u0027 parameter. Exploitation evidence was observed by the Shadowserver Foundation on 2025-02-02 UTC."
}
],
"impacts": [
{
"capecId": "CAPEC-126",
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "CAPEC-126 Path Traversal"
}
]
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV4_0": {
"Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackRequirements": "NONE",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"baseScore": 8.7,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
"subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
"subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"version": "4.0",
"vulnAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
"vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
"vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
},
"format": "CVSS",
"scenarios": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "GENERAL"
}
]
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-22",
"description": "CWE-22 Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory (\u0027Path Traversal\u0027)",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-04-07T14:03:47.357Z",
"orgId": "83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10",
"shortName": "VulnCheck"
},
"references": [
{
"tags": [
"exploit"
],
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/43907"
},
{
"tags": [
"product"
],
"url": "https://pacsone.net/download.htm"
},
{
"tags": [
"third-party-advisory"
],
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/pacsone-server-dicom-web-viewer-directory-traversal-lfi"
}
],
"source": {
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
},
"tags": [
"x_known-exploited-vulnerability"
],
"timeline": [
{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2018-01-28T17:00:00.000Z",
"value": "ExploitDB-43907 is publicly disclosed."
},
{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2017-09-28T16:00:00.000Z",
"value": "Vendor notifies researcher of vulnerability remediation."
}
],
"title": "PacsOne Server 6.6.2 DICOM Web Viewer Directory Traversal LFI",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "vulncheck"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10",
"assignerShortName": "VulnCheck",
"cveId": "CVE-2018-25124",
"datePublished": "2025-11-10T22:32:03.086Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-10-29T21:01:03.317Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-04-07T14:03:47.357Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
CVE-2018-25144 (GCVE-0-2018-25144)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-12-24 19:27 – Updated: 2026-02-02 15:58
VLAI
Title
Microhard Systems IPn4G 1.1.0 Arbitrary File Access via Undocumented System Editor
Summary
Microhard Systems IPn4G 1.1.0 contains an authentication bypass vulnerability in the hidden system-editor.sh script that allows authenticated attackers to read, modify, or delete arbitrary files. Attackers can exploit unsanitized 'path', 'savefile', 'edit', and 'delfile' parameters to perform unauthorized file system modifications through GET and POST requests.
Severity
CWE
- CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/45037 | exploit |
| http://www.microhardcorp.com | product |
| https://www.zeroscience.mk/en/vulnerabilities/ZSL… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Microhard Systems | Microhard Systems 3G/4G Cellular Ethernet and Serial Gateway Arbitrary File Attacks |
Affected:
IPn4G 1.1.0 build 1098
|
Date Public
2018-03-13 00:00
Credits
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2018-25144",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "poc"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "total"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2025-12-24T20:11:52.542377Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-12-24T20:25:41.747Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"references": [
{
"tags": [
"exploit"
],
"url": "https://www.zeroscience.mk/en/vulnerabilities/ZSL-2018-5485.php"
}
],
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"product": "Microhard Systems 3G/4G Cellular Ethernet and Serial Gateway Arbitrary File Attacks",
"vendor": "Microhard Systems",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "IPn4G 1.1.0 build 1098"
}
]
}
],
"credits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "finder",
"value": "LiquidWorm as Gjoko Krstic of Zero Science Lab"
}
],
"datePublic": "2018-03-13T00:00:00.000Z",
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "Microhard Systems IPn4G 1.1.0 contains an authentication bypass vulnerability in the hidden system-editor.sh script that allows authenticated attackers to read, modify, or delete arbitrary files. Attackers can exploit unsanitized \u0027path\u0027, \u0027savefile\u0027, \u0027edit\u0027, and \u0027delfile\u0027 parameters to perform unauthorized file system modifications through GET and POST requests."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV4_0": {
"Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackRequirements": "NONE",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"baseScore": 8.7,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"privilegesRequired": "LOW",
"providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
"subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
"subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"version": "4.0",
"vulnAvailabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnIntegrityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
},
"format": "CVSS"
},
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "LOCAL",
"availabilityImpact": "HIGH",
"baseScore": 8.4,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"integrityImpact": "HIGH",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"version": "3.1"
},
"format": "CVSS"
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-22",
"description": "Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory (\u0027Path Traversal\u0027)",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-02-02T15:58:15.790Z",
"orgId": "83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10",
"shortName": "VulnCheck"
},
"references": [
{
"name": "ExploitDB-45037",
"tags": [
"exploit"
],
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/45037"
},
{
"name": "Microhard Systems Product Homepage",
"tags": [
"product"
],
"url": "http://www.microhardcorp.com"
},
{
"name": "Zero Science Lab Disclosure (ZSL-2018-5485)",
"tags": [
"third-party-advisory"
],
"url": "https://www.zeroscience.mk/en/vulnerabilities/ZSL-2018-5485.php"
}
],
"title": "Microhard Systems IPn4G 1.1.0 Arbitrary File Access via Undocumented System Editor",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "vulncheck"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10",
"assignerShortName": "VulnCheck",
"cveId": "CVE-2018-25144",
"datePublished": "2025-12-24T19:27:49.167Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-12-24T14:28:02.435Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-02-02T15:58:15.790Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
CVE-2018-25178 (GCVE-0-2018-25178)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-06 12:19 – Updated: 2026-03-09 19:00
VLAI
Title
Easyndexer 1.0 Arbitrary File Download via showtif.php
Summary
Easyndexer 1.0 contains an arbitrary file download vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to download sensitive files by manipulating the file parameter. Attackers can send POST requests to showtif.php with arbitrary file paths in the file parameter to retrieve system files like configuration and initialization files.
Severity
CWE
- CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/45835 | exploit |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/easyndexer-a… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sourceforge | Easyndexer |
Affected:
1.0
|
Date Public
2018-11-10 12:00
Credits
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2018-25178",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "poc"
},
{
"Automatable": "yes"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2026-03-09T19:00:45.960043Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-03-09T19:00:55.452Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"product": "Easyndexer",
"vendor": "Sourceforge",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "1.0"
}
]
}
],
"credits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "finder",
"value": "Ihsan Sencan"
}
],
"datePublic": "2018-11-10T12:00:00.000Z",
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "Easyndexer 1.0 contains an arbitrary file download vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to download sensitive files by manipulating the file parameter. Attackers can send POST requests to showtif.php with arbitrary file paths in the file parameter to retrieve system files like configuration and initialization files."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV4_0": {
"Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackRequirements": "NONE",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"baseScore": 8.7,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
"subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
"subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"version": "4.0",
"vulnAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
"vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
"vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
},
"format": "CVSS"
},
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "NONE",
"baseScore": 7.5,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"integrityImpact": "NONE",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"version": "3.1"
},
"format": "CVSS"
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-22",
"description": "Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory (\u0027Path Traversal\u0027)",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-03-06T12:19:08.090Z",
"orgId": "83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10",
"shortName": "VulnCheck"
},
"references": [
{
"name": "ExploitDB-45835",
"tags": [
"exploit"
],
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/45835"
},
{
"name": "VulnCheck Advisory: Easyndexer 1.0 Arbitrary File Download via showtif.php",
"tags": [
"third-party-advisory"
],
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/easyndexer-arbitrary-file-download-via-showtifphp"
}
],
"title": "Easyndexer 1.0 Arbitrary File Download via showtif.php",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "vulncheck"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10",
"assignerShortName": "VulnCheck",
"cveId": "CVE-2018-25178",
"datePublished": "2026-03-06T12:19:08.090Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-03-06T11:48:20.062Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-03-09T19:00:55.452Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
CVE-2018-25181 (GCVE-0-2018-25181)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-06 12:19 – Updated: 2026-03-09 19:03
VLAI
Title
Musicco 2.0.0 Arbitrary Directory Download via Path Traversal
Summary
Musicco 2.0.0 contains a path traversal vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to download arbitrary directories by manipulating the parent parameter. Attackers can supply directory traversal sequences in the parent parameter of the getAlbum endpoint to access sensitive system directories and download them as ZIP files.
Severity
CWE
- CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/45830 | exploit |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/musicco-arbi… | third-party-advisory |
Date Public
2018-11-09 12:00
Credits
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2018-25181",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "poc"
},
{
"Automatable": "yes"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2026-03-09T19:02:57.248006Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-03-09T19:03:08.158Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"product": "Musicco",
"vendor": "Musicco",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "2.0.0"
}
]
}
],
"credits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "finder",
"value": "Ihsan Sencan"
}
],
"datePublic": "2018-11-09T12:00:00.000Z",
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "Musicco 2.0.0 contains a path traversal vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to download arbitrary directories by manipulating the parent parameter. Attackers can supply directory traversal sequences in the parent parameter of the getAlbum endpoint to access sensitive system directories and download them as ZIP files."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV4_0": {
"Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackRequirements": "NONE",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"baseScore": 8.7,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
"subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
"subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"version": "4.0",
"vulnAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
"vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
"vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
},
"format": "CVSS"
},
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "NONE",
"baseScore": 7.5,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"integrityImpact": "NONE",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"version": "3.1"
},
"format": "CVSS"
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-22",
"description": "Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory (\u0027Path Traversal\u0027)",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-03-06T12:19:10.571Z",
"orgId": "83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10",
"shortName": "VulnCheck"
},
"references": [
{
"name": "ExploitDB-45830",
"tags": [
"exploit"
],
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/45830"
},
{
"name": "VulnCheck Advisory: Musicco 2.0.0 Arbitrary Directory Download via Path Traversal",
"tags": [
"third-party-advisory"
],
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/musicco-arbitrary-directory-download-via-path-traversal"
}
],
"title": "Musicco 2.0.0 Arbitrary Directory Download via Path Traversal",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "vulncheck"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10",
"assignerShortName": "VulnCheck",
"cveId": "CVE-2018-25181",
"datePublished": "2026-03-06T12:19:10.571Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-03-06T11:49:35.798Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-03-09T19:03:08.158Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
CVE-2018-25184 (GCVE-0-2018-25184)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-06 12:19 – Updated: 2026-03-09 18:57
VLAI
Title
Surreal ToDo 0.6.1.2 Local File Inclusion via index.php
Summary
Surreal ToDo 0.6.1.2 contains a local file inclusion vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to read arbitrary files by manipulating the content parameter. Attackers can supply directory traversal sequences through the content parameter in index.php to access sensitive system files like configuration and initialization files.
Severity
6.2 (Medium)
CWE
- CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/45826 | exploit |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/surreal-todo… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Getsurreal | Surreal ToDo |
Affected:
0.6.1.2
|
Date Public
2018-11-08 12:00
Credits
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2018-25184",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "poc"
},
{
"Automatable": "no"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2026-03-09T18:57:42.474037Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-03-09T18:57:54.587Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"product": "Surreal ToDo",
"vendor": "Getsurreal",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "0.6.1.2"
}
]
}
],
"credits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "finder",
"value": "Ihsan Sencan"
}
],
"datePublic": "2018-11-08T12:00:00.000Z",
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "Surreal ToDo 0.6.1.2 contains a local file inclusion vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to read arbitrary files by manipulating the content parameter. Attackers can supply directory traversal sequences through the content parameter in index.php to access sensitive system files like configuration and initialization files."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV4_0": {
"Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackRequirements": "NONE",
"attackVector": "LOCAL",
"baseScore": 6.9,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
"subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
"subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"version": "4.0",
"vulnAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
"vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
"vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
},
"format": "CVSS"
},
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "LOCAL",
"availabilityImpact": "NONE",
"baseScore": 6.2,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"integrityImpact": "NONE",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"version": "3.1"
},
"format": "CVSS"
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-22",
"description": "Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory (\u0027Path Traversal\u0027)",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-03-06T12:19:12.132Z",
"orgId": "83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10",
"shortName": "VulnCheck"
},
"references": [
{
"name": "ExploitDB-45826",
"tags": [
"exploit"
],
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/45826"
},
{
"name": "VulnCheck Advisory: Surreal ToDo 0.6.1.2 Local File Inclusion via index.php",
"tags": [
"third-party-advisory"
],
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/surreal-todo-local-file-inclusion-via-indexphp"
}
],
"title": "Surreal ToDo 0.6.1.2 Local File Inclusion via index.php",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "vulncheck"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10",
"assignerShortName": "VulnCheck",
"cveId": "CVE-2018-25184",
"datePublished": "2026-03-06T12:19:12.132Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-03-06T11:54:08.846Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-03-09T18:57:54.587Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
CVE-2018-25194 (GCVE-0-2018-25194)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-03-06 12:19 – Updated: 2026-03-09 18:03
VLAI
Title
Nominas 0.27 SQL Injection via username Parameter
Summary
Nominas 0.27 contains an SQL injection vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary SQL queries by injecting malicious code through the username parameter. Attackers can send POST requests to the login/checklogin.php endpoint with crafted UNION-based SQL injection payloads to extract database information including usernames, database names, and version details.
Severity
CWE
- CWE-22 - Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/45820 | exploit |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/nominas-sql-… | third-party-advisory |
Date Public
2018-11-09 12:00
Credits
{
"containers": {
"adp": [
{
"metrics": [
{
"other": {
"content": {
"id": "CVE-2018-25194",
"options": [
{
"Exploitation": "poc"
},
{
"Automatable": "yes"
},
{
"Technical Impact": "partial"
}
],
"role": "CISA Coordinator",
"timestamp": "2026-03-09T18:03:21.403692Z",
"version": "2.0.3"
},
"type": "ssvc"
}
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-03-09T18:03:34.961Z",
"orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
"shortName": "CISA-ADP"
},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
}
],
"cna": {
"affected": [
{
"product": "Nominas",
"vendor": "Arixolab",
"versions": [
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "0.27"
}
]
}
],
"credits": [
{
"lang": "en",
"type": "finder",
"value": "Ihsan Sencan"
}
],
"datePublic": "2018-11-09T12:00:00.000Z",
"descriptions": [
{
"lang": "en",
"value": "Nominas 0.27 contains an SQL injection vulnerability that allows unauthenticated attackers to execute arbitrary SQL queries by injecting malicious code through the username parameter. Attackers can send POST requests to the login/checklogin.php endpoint with crafted UNION-based SQL injection payloads to extract database information including usernames, database names, and version details."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
"cvssV4_0": {
"Automatable": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Recovery": "NOT_DEFINED",
"Safety": "NOT_DEFINED",
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackRequirements": "NONE",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"baseScore": 8.8,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"exploitMaturity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"providerUrgency": "NOT_DEFINED",
"subAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
"subConfidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"subIntegrityImpact": "NONE",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"valueDensity": "NOT_DEFINED",
"vectorString": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"version": "4.0",
"vulnAvailabilityImpact": "NONE",
"vulnConfidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"vulnIntegrityImpact": "LOW",
"vulnerabilityResponseEffort": "NOT_DEFINED"
},
"format": "CVSS"
},
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "NONE",
"baseScore": 8.2,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
"integrityImpact": "LOW",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:N",
"version": "3.1"
},
"format": "CVSS"
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-22",
"description": "Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory (\u0027Path Traversal\u0027)",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2026-03-06T12:19:18.913Z",
"orgId": "83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10",
"shortName": "VulnCheck"
},
"references": [
{
"name": "ExploitDB-45820",
"tags": [
"exploit"
],
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/45820"
},
{
"name": "VulnCheck Advisory: Nominas 0.27 SQL Injection via username Parameter",
"tags": [
"third-party-advisory"
],
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/nominas-sql-injection-via-username-parameter"
}
],
"title": "Nominas 0.27 SQL Injection via username Parameter",
"x_generator": {
"engine": "vulncheck"
}
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "83251b91-4cc7-4094-a5c7-464a1b83ea10",
"assignerShortName": "VulnCheck",
"cveId": "CVE-2018-25194",
"datePublished": "2026-03-06T12:19:18.913Z",
"dateReserved": "2026-03-06T12:00:06.389Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-03-09T18:03:34.961Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
Mitigation ID: MIT-5.1
Phase: Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
Description:
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- When validating filenames, use stringent allowlists that limit the character set to be used. If feasible, only allow a single "." character in the filename to avoid weaknesses such as CWE-23, and exclude directory separators such as "/" to avoid CWE-36. Use a list of allowable file extensions, which will help to avoid CWE-434.
- Do not rely exclusively on a filtering mechanism that removes potentially dangerous characters. This is equivalent to a denylist, which may be incomplete (CWE-184). For example, filtering "/" is insufficient protection if the filesystem also supports the use of "\" as a directory separator. Another possible error could occur when the filtering is applied in a way that still produces dangerous data (CWE-182). For example, if "../" sequences are removed from the ".../...//" string in a sequential fashion, two instances of "../" would be removed from the original string, but the remaining characters would still form the "../" string.
Mitigation ID: MIT-15
Phase: Architecture and Design
Description:
- For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
Mitigation ID: MIT-20.1
Phase: Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
Description:
- Inputs should be decoded and canonicalized to the application's current internal representation before being validated (CWE-180). Make sure that the application does not decode the same input twice (CWE-174). Such errors could be used to bypass allowlist validation schemes by introducing dangerous inputs after they have been checked.
- Use a built-in path canonicalization function (such as realpath() in C) that produces the canonical version of the pathname, which effectively removes ".." sequences and symbolic links (CWE-23, CWE-59). This includes:
- realpath() in C
- getCanonicalPath() in Java
- GetFullPath() in ASP.NET
- realpath() or abs_path() in Perl
- realpath() in PHP
Mitigation ID: MIT-4
Phase: Architecture and Design
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
Description:
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid [REF-1482].
Mitigation ID: MIT-29
Phase: Operation
Strategy: Firewall
Description:
- Use an application firewall that can detect attacks against this weakness. It can be beneficial in cases in which the code cannot be fixed (because it is controlled by a third party), as an emergency prevention measure while more comprehensive software assurance measures are applied, or to provide defense in depth [REF-1481].
Mitigation ID: MIT-17
Phases: Architecture and Design, Operation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
Description:
- Run your code using the lowest privileges that are required to accomplish the necessary tasks [REF-76]. If possible, create isolated accounts with limited privileges that are only used for a single task. That way, a successful attack will not immediately give the attacker access to the rest of the software or its environment. For example, database applications rarely need to run as the database administrator, especially in day-to-day operations.
Mitigation ID: MIT-21.1
Phase: Architecture and Design
Strategy: Enforcement by Conversion
Description:
- When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs.
- For example, ID 1 could map to "inbox.txt" and ID 2 could map to "profile.txt". Features such as the ESAPI AccessReferenceMap [REF-185] provide this capability.
Mitigation ID: MIT-22
Phases: Architecture and Design, Operation
Strategy: Sandbox or Jail
Description:
- Run the code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which files can be accessed in a particular directory or which commands can be executed by the software.
- OS-level examples include the Unix chroot jail, AppArmor, and SELinux. In general, managed code may provide some protection. For example, java.io.FilePermission in the Java SecurityManager allows the software to specify restrictions on file operations.
- This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of the application may still be subject to compromise.
- Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
Mitigation ID: MIT-34
Phases: Architecture and Design, Operation
Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction
Description:
- Store library, include, and utility files outside of the web document root, if possible. Otherwise, store them in a separate directory and use the web server's access control capabilities to prevent attackers from directly requesting them. One common practice is to define a fixed constant in each calling program, then check for the existence of the constant in the library/include file; if the constant does not exist, then the file was directly requested, and it can exit immediately.
- This significantly reduces the chance of an attacker being able to bypass any protection mechanisms that are in the base program but not in the include files. It will also reduce the attack surface.
Mitigation ID: MIT-39
Phase: Implementation
Description:
- Ensure that error messages only contain minimal details that are useful to the intended audience and no one else. The messages need to strike the balance between being too cryptic (which can confuse users) or being too detailed (which may reveal more than intended). The messages should not reveal the methods that were used to determine the error. Attackers can use detailed information to refine or optimize their original attack, thereby increasing their chances of success.
- If errors must be captured in some detail, record them in log messages, but consider what could occur if the log messages can be viewed by attackers. Highly sensitive information such as passwords should never be saved to log files.
- Avoid inconsistent messaging that might accidentally tip off an attacker about internal state, such as whether a user account exists or not.
- In the context of path traversal, error messages which disclose path information can help attackers craft the appropriate attack strings to move through the file system hierarchy.
Mitigation ID: MIT-16
Phases: Operation, Implementation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
Description:
- When using PHP, configure the application so that it does not use register_globals. During implementation, develop the application so that it does not rely on this feature, but be wary of implementing a register_globals emulation that is subject to weaknesses such as CWE-95, CWE-621, and similar issues.
CAPEC-126: Path Traversal
An adversary uses path manipulation methods to exploit insufficient input validation of a target to obtain access to data that should be not be retrievable by ordinary well-formed requests. A typical variety of this attack involves specifying a path to a desired file together with dot-dot-slash characters, resulting in the file access API or function traversing out of the intended directory structure and into the root file system. By replacing or modifying the expected path information the access function or API retrieves the file desired by the attacker. These attacks either involve the attacker providing a complete path to a targeted file or using control characters (e.g. path separators (/ or \) and/or dots (.)) to reach desired directories or files.
CAPEC-64: Using Slashes and URL Encoding Combined to Bypass Validation Logic
This attack targets the encoding of the URL combined with the encoding of the slash characters. An attacker can take advantage of the multiple ways of encoding a URL and abuse the interpretation of the URL. A URL may contain special character that need special syntax handling in order to be interpreted. Special characters are represented using a percentage character followed by two digits representing the octet code of the original character (%HEX-CODE). For instance US-ASCII space character would be represented with %20. This is often referred as escaped ending or percent-encoding. Since the server decodes the URL from the requests, it may restrict the access to some URL paths by validating and filtering out the URL requests it received. An attacker will try to craft an URL with a sequence of special characters which once interpreted by the server will be equivalent to a forbidden URL. It can be difficult to protect against this attack since the URL can contain other format of encoding such as UTF-8 encoding, Unicode-encoding, etc.
CAPEC-76: Manipulating Web Input to File System Calls
An attacker manipulates inputs to the target software which the target software passes to file system calls in the OS. The goal is to gain access to, and perhaps modify, areas of the file system that the target software did not intend to be accessible.
CAPEC-78: Using Escaped Slashes in Alternate Encoding
This attack targets the use of the backslash in alternate encoding. An adversary can provide a backslash as a leading character and causes a parser to believe that the next character is special. This is called an escape. By using that trick, the adversary tries to exploit alternate ways to encode the same character which leads to filter problems and opens avenues to attack.
CAPEC-79: Using Slashes in Alternate Encoding
This attack targets the encoding of the Slash characters. An adversary would try to exploit common filtering problems related to the use of the slashes characters to gain access to resources on the target host. Directory-driven systems, such as file systems and databases, typically use the slash character to indicate traversal between directories or other container components. For murky historical reasons, PCs (and, as a result, Microsoft OSs) choose to use a backslash, whereas the UNIX world typically makes use of the forward slash. The schizophrenic result is that many MS-based systems are required to understand both forms of the slash. This gives the adversary many opportunities to discover and abuse a number of common filtering problems. The goal of this pattern is to discover server software that only applies filters to one version, but not the other.