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CWE-129
Improper Validation of Array Index
The product uses untrusted input when calculating or using an array index, but the product does not validate or incorrectly validates the index to ensure the index references a valid position within the array.
CVE-2026-44310 (GCVE-0-2026-44310)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-15 16:17 – Updated: 2026-05-15 16:44
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
gitsign --verify panics on empty-certificate PKCS7 and exits 0, bypassing exit-code callers
Summary
Gitsign is a keyless Sigstore to signing tool for Git commits with your a GitHub / OIDC identity. From 0.4.0 to before 0.15.0, CertVerifier.Verify() in pkg/git/verifier.go unconditionally dereferences certs[0] after sd.GetCertificates() without checking the slice length. A CMS/PKCS7 signed message with an empty certificate set is a structurally valid DER payload; GetCertificates() returns an empty slice with no error, causing an immediate index-out-of-range panic. On the gitsign --verify code path (the GPG-compatible mode invoked by git verify-commit), the panic is silently recovered by internal/io/streams.go's Wrap() function, which returns nil instead of an error. main.go then exits with code 0, causing exit-code-only verification callers to interpret the failed verification as success. This vulnerability is fixed in 0.15.0.
Severity
5.4 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/sigstore/gitsign/security/advi… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
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CVE-2026-45104 (GCVE-0-2026-45104)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-27 18:41 – Updated: 2026-06-01 17:08
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
MapServer: NULL pointer dereference in SLD `<ElseFilter>` rule parsing reachable via WMS `SLD_BODY`
Summary
MapServer is a system for developing web-based GIS applications. From 6.4.0 to before 8.6.3, msSLDParseUserStyle always calls _SLDApplyRuleValues(psRule, psLayer, 1); for any <Rule> carrying <ElseFilter/> — it assumes msSLDParseRule added one class. When the rule has no symbolizer (a structurally valid SLD), msSLDParseRule adds zero, and _SLDApplyRuleValues ends up indexing _class[-1], resulting in a NULL pointer dereference. A 200-byte well-formed SLD via the WMS SLD_BODY= parameter is enough to trigger this, no auth required. This vulnerability is fixed in 8.6.3.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/MapServer/MapServer/security/a… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
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CVE-2026-45359 (GCVE-0-2026-45359)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-10 21:26 – Updated: 2026-06-30 12:10
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
ImageMagick: Out-of-Bounds Read in connected components when the user supplies an invalid keep-top define
Summary
ImageMagick is free and open-source software used for editing and manipulating digital images. Prior to versions 6.9.13-48 and 7.1.2-22, an invalid connected-components:keep-top value could result in a heap buffer over-read when performing the connected components operation. This issue has been patched in versions 6.9.13-48 and 7.1.2-22.
Severity
5.7 (Medium)
7.1 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/securi… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-45359 | vdb-entryx_refsource_REDHAT |
| https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2487737 | issue-trackingx_refsource_REDHAT |
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Impacted products
3 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ImageMagick | ImageMagick |
Affected:
< 6.9.13-48
Affected: < 7.1.2-22 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:6 |
|
| Red Hat | Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 |
cpe:/o:redhat:enterprise_linux:7 |
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CVE-2026-45624 (GCVE-0-2026-45624)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-10 21:29 – Updated: 2026-06-23 15:53
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
ImageMagick: Heap Buffer Over-Read of a 4 bytes in distort operation.
Summary
ImageMagick is free and open-source software used for editing and manipulating digital images. Prior to versions 6.9.13-47 and 7.1.2-22, when performing a polynomial distortion an out of bounds over-read of 24 bytes can occur when specifying specific arguments. This issue has been patched in versions 6.9.13-47 and 7.1.2-22.
Severity
5.1 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/ImageMagick/ImageMagick/securi… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| ImageMagick | ImageMagick |
Affected:
< 6.9.13-47
Affected: < 7.1.2-22 |
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CVE-2026-56111 (GCVE-0-2026-56111)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-24 14:31 – Updated: 2026-06-24 15:52 X_Open Source
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Marlin Firmware 2.1.2.7 Out-of-Bounds Write via M421 G-code Handler
Summary
Marlin Firmware through 2.1.2.7, fixed in commit 1f255d1, when built with MESH_BED_LEVELING enabled, contains an out-of-bounds write vulnerability in the M421 G-code handler that allows attackers to corrupt firmware memory by supplying out-of-range X and Y grid indices. Attackers can send a single crafted G-code command via USB serial, network interface, or malicious gcode file to write an attacker-controlled 32-bit float value past the z_values array bounds, corrupting adjacent firmware variables and causing denial of service or firmware state corruption.
Severity
9.1 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-129 - Improper Validation of Array Index
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/MarlinFirmware/Marlin/issues/28467 | technical-descriptionexploit |
| https://github.com/MarlinFirmware/Marlin/pull/28468 | issue-tracking |
| https://github.com/MarlinFirmware/Marlin/commit/1… | patch |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/marlin-firmw… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| MarlinFirmware | Marlin |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 2.1.2.7
(custom)
Unaffected: 1f255d16ec2d456454fd444494cfb338d62b0fa1 (git) |
Date Public
2026-06-23 00:00
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CVE-2026-56770 (GCVE-0-2026-56770)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-25 18:06 – Updated: 2026-06-25 18:28 X_Open Source
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
libais 0.15 - Out-of-bounds Vector Access in VdmStream::AddLine via Invalid Sequential Message ID
Summary
libais through 0.15 VdmStream::AddLine uses an unchecked sentinel value as a vector index when processing AIS sentences with empty or out-of-range sequential message IDs. Remote attackers can crash services or vessel systems by sending crafted AIVDM sentences over VHF marine radio or IP feeds, causing out-of-bounds memory access and potential corruption.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-129 - Improper Validation of Array Index
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/schwehr/libais/issues/263 | technical-descriptionexploit |
| https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/libais-out-o… | third-party-advisory |
Date Public
2026-06-24 00:00
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CVE-2026-57251 (GCVE-0-2026-57251)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-08 07:36 – Updated: 2026-07-08 12:41
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Foxit PDF Editor/Reader Cloud Appearance Buffer Overflow Vulnerability
Summary
The application opens a PDF, but the cloud-like appearance of the construction process lacks proper setting of an upper limit and consistency checks. Out-of-bounds access to the underlying array is exposed, ultimately leading to a crash of the application.
Severity
7.8 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-129 - Improper validation of array index
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Foxit Software Inc. | Foxit PDF Editor |
Affected:
Versions 2026.1.1 and earlier
Affected: Versions 14.0.4 and earlier Affected: Versions 13.2.4 and earlier |
|
| Foxit Software Inc. | Foxit PDF Reader |
Affected:
Versions 2026.1.1 and earlier
|
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CVE-2026-57264 (GCVE-0-2026-57264)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-02 02:18 – Updated: 2026-07-02 12:32
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
GeoVision GeoWebPlayer Websocket Server out-of-bounds read vulnerability
Summary
GeoWebPlayer (also called "Web Plugin" in the GV-VMS documentation and "WS Player" for VMS-Cloud) is an addon that can be installed with various GeoVision software (GV-VMS, GV-Cloud, ...). It creates a websocket server that expands the capabilities of the various web-interfaces provided by the GeoVision software and may be necessary for them to function properly.
The Websocket server can accept various commands coming from localhost. Many of the commands will take an `index` value that is then used to access various arrays to enter critical sections, perform various actions via function calls, etc. However the `index` value is usually not checked for valid range, and as such it can be used to access multiple arrays out-of-bound.
#### setPIP command index-out-of-bound
Severity
8.3 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-129 - Improper validation of array index
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.geovision.com.tw/cyber_security.php | vendor-advisory |
| https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_repor… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| GeoVision Inc. | GeoWebPlayer |
Affected:
V1.1.1.0
Unaffected: V1.1.3.0 |
Date Public
2026-06-24 00:39
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CVE-2026-57265 (GCVE-0-2026-57265)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-02 02:18 – Updated: 2026-07-02 12:29
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
GeoVision GeoWebPlayer Websocket Server out-of-bounds read vulnerability
Summary
GeoWebPlayer (also called "Web Plugin" in the GV-VMS documentation and "WS Player" for VMS-Cloud) is an addon that can be installed with various GeoVision software (GV-VMS, GV-Cloud, ...). It creates a websocket server that expands the capabilities of the various web-interfaces provided by the GeoVision software and may be necessary for them to function properly.
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#### audio command index-out-of-bound
Severity
8.3 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-129 - Improper validation of array index
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.geovision.com.tw/cyber_security.php | vendor-advisory |
| https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_repor… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| GeoVision Inc. | GeoWebPlayer |
Affected:
V1.1.1.0
Unaffected: V1.1.3.0 |
Date Public
2026-06-24 00:39
Credits
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CVE-2026-57266 (GCVE-0-2026-57266)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-02 02:19 – Updated: 2026-07-02 12:36
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
GeoVision GeoWebPlayer Websocket Server out-of-bounds read vulnerability
Summary
GeoWebPlayer (also called "Web Plugin" in the GV-VMS documentation and "WS Player" for VMS-Cloud) is an addon that can be installed with various GeoVision software (GV-VMS, GV-Cloud, ...). It creates a websocket server that expands the capabilities of the various web-interfaces provided by the GeoVision software and may be necessary for them to function properly.
The Websocket server can accept various commands coming from localhost. Many of the commands will take an `index` value that is then used to access various arrays to enter critical sections, perform various actions via function calls, etc. However the `index` value is usually not checked for valid range, and as such it can be used to access multiple arrays out-of-bound.
#### 2wayAudio command index-out-of-bound
Severity
8.3 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-129 - Improper validation of array index
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://www.geovision.com.tw/cyber_security.php | vendor-advisory |
| https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_repor… | third-party-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| GeoVision Inc. | GeoWebPlayer |
Affected:
V1.1.1.0
Unaffected: V1.1.3.0 |
Date Public
2026-06-24 00:39
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Mitigation ID: MIT-7
Phase: Architecture and Design
Strategy: Input Validation
Description:
- Use an input validation framework such as Struts or the OWASP ESAPI Validation API. Note that using a framework does not automatically address all input validation problems; be mindful of weaknesses that could arise from misusing the framework itself (CWE-1173).
Mitigation ID: MIT-15
Phase: Architecture and Design
Description:
- For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
- Even though client-side checks provide minimal benefits with respect to server-side security, they are still useful. First, they can support intrusion detection. If the server receives input that should have been rejected by the client, then it may be an indication of an attack. Second, client-side error-checking can provide helpful feedback to the user about the expectations for valid input. Third, there may be a reduction in server-side processing time for accidental input errors, although this is typically a small savings.
Mitigation ID: MIT-3
Phase: Requirements
Strategy: Language Selection
Description:
- Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, Ada allows the programmer to constrain the values of a variable and languages such as Java and Ruby will allow the programmer to handle exceptions when an out-of-bounds index is accessed.
Mitigation ID: MIT-11
Phases: Operation, Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
Description:
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation ID: MIT-12
Phase: Operation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
Description:
- Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation ID: MIT-5
Phase: Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
Description:
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- When accessing a user-controlled array index, use a stringent range of values that are within the target array. Make sure that you do not allow negative values to be used. That is, verify the minimum as well as the maximum of the range of acceptable values.
Mitigation ID: MIT-35
Phase: Implementation
Description:
- Be especially careful to validate all input when invoking code that crosses language boundaries, such as from an interpreted language to native code. This could create an unexpected interaction between the language boundaries. Ensure that you are not violating any of the expectations of the language with which you are interfacing. For example, even though Java may not be susceptible to buffer overflows, providing a large argument in a call to native code might trigger an overflow.
Mitigation ID: MIT-17
Phases: Architecture and Design, Operation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
Description:
- Run your code using the lowest privileges that are required to accomplish the necessary tasks [REF-76]. If possible, create isolated accounts with limited privileges that are only used for a single task. That way, a successful attack will not immediately give the attacker access to the rest of the software or its environment. For example, database applications rarely need to run as the database administrator, especially in day-to-day operations.
Mitigation ID: MIT-22
Phases: Architecture and Design, Operation
Strategy: Sandbox or Jail
Description:
- Run the code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which files can be accessed in a particular directory or which commands can be executed by the software.
- OS-level examples include the Unix chroot jail, AppArmor, and SELinux. In general, managed code may provide some protection. For example, java.io.FilePermission in the Java SecurityManager allows the software to specify restrictions on file operations.
- This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of the application may still be subject to compromise.
- Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
CAPEC-100: Overflow Buffers
Buffer Overflow attacks target improper or missing bounds checking on buffer operations, typically triggered by input injected by an adversary. As a consequence, an adversary is able to write past the boundaries of allocated buffer regions in memory, causing a program crash or potentially redirection of execution as per the adversaries' choice.