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CWE-120
Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input ('Classic Buffer Overflow')
The product copies an input buffer to an output buffer without verifying that the size of the input buffer is less than the size of the output buffer.
CVE-2025-47394 (GCVE-0-2025-47394)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-06 22:48 – Updated: 2026-01-07 16:15
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Buffer Copy Without Checking Size of Input in DSP Service
Summary
Memory corruption when copying overlapping buffers during memory operations due to incorrect offset calculations.
Severity
7.8 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-120 - Buffer Copy Without Checking Size of Input ('Classic Buffer Overflow')
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Qualcomm, Inc. | Snapdragon |
Affected:
FastConnect 6200
Affected: FastConnect 6700 Affected: FastConnect 6900 Affected: FastConnect 7800 Affected: QCS610 Affected: QMP1000 Affected: Qualcomm Video Collaboration VC1 Platform Affected: Qualcomm Video Collaboration VC3 Platform Affected: SG6150 Affected: SG6150P Affected: SM6475 Affected: SM7435 Affected: SM8735 Affected: SM8750 Affected: SM8750P Affected: Snapdragon 4 Gen 2 Mobile Platform Affected: Snapdragon 6 Gen 1 Mobile Platform Affected: Snapdragon W5+ Gen 1 Wearable Platform Affected: SW5100 Affected: SW5100P Affected: SXR2330P Affected: SXR2350P Affected: WCD9370 Affected: WCD9375 Affected: WCD9378 Affected: WCD9380 Affected: WCD9385 Affected: WCD9395 Affected: WCN3950 Affected: WCN3980 Affected: WCN3988 Affected: WCN6755 Affected: WCN7750 Affected: WCN7860 Affected: WCN7861 Affected: WCN7880 Affected: WCN7881 Affected: WSA8810 Affected: WSA8815 Affected: WSA8830 Affected: WSA8832 Affected: WSA8835 Affected: WSA8840 Affected: WSA8845 Affected: WSA8845H |
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{
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"version": "WCD9385"
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CVE-2025-47399 (GCVE-0-2025-47399)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-02-02 15:20 – Updated: 2026-02-26 15:04
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Buffer Copy Without Checking Size of Input in Camera
Summary
Memory Corruption while processing IOCTL call to update sensor property settings with invalid input parameters.
Severity
7.8 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-120 - Buffer Copy Without Checking Size of Input ('Classic Buffer Overflow')
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Qualcomm, Inc. | Snapdragon |
Affected:
Cologne
Affected: FastConnect 7800 Affected: WCD9378C Affected: WSA8840 Affected: WSA8845 Affected: WSA8845H Affected: X2000077 Affected: X2000086 Affected: X2000090 Affected: X2000092 Affected: X2000094 Affected: XG101002 Affected: XG101032 Affected: XG101039 |
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CVE-2025-47404 (GCVE-0-2025-47404)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-05-04 16:43 – Updated: 2026-05-04 17:18
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Buffer Copy Without Checking Size of Input in Automotive Audio
Summary
Memory corruption when dynamically changing the size of a previously allocated buffer while its contents are being modified.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-120 - Buffer Copy Without Checking Size of Input ('Classic Buffer Overflow')
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Qualcomm, Inc. | Snapdragon |
Affected:
5G Fixed Wireless Access Platform
Affected: AR8031 Affected: AR8035 Affected: C-V2X 9150 Affected: CSRA6620 Affected: CSRA6640 Affected: FastConnect 6200 Affected: FastConnect 6700 Affected: FastConnect 6800 Affected: FastConnect 6900 Affected: FastConnect 7800 Affected: Flight RB5 5G Platform Affected: FWA Gen 3 Ultra Platform Affected: G1 Gen 1 Affected: G3x Gen 2 Affected: Kalpeni Affected: LeMans_AU_LGIT Affected: LeMansAU Affected: MDM9250 Affected: MDM9628 Affected: Milos Affected: Milos_IOT Affected: QAM8255P Affected: QAM8295P Affected: QAMSRV1H Affected: QAMSRV1M Affected: QCA2066 Affected: QCA6174A Affected: QCA6391 Affected: QCA6564A Affected: QCA6564AU Affected: QCA6574 Affected: QCA6574A Affected: QCA6574AU Affected: QCA6584AU Affected: QCA6595 Affected: QCA6595AU Affected: QCA6678AQ Affected: QCA6688AQ Affected: QCA6696 Affected: QCA6698AQ Affected: QCA6698AU Affected: QCA6797AQ Affected: QCA8081 Affected: QCA8337 Affected: QCA8695AU Affected: QCA9367 Affected: QCA9377 Affected: QCC710 Affected: QCM2290 Affected: QCM4325 Affected: QCM5430 Affected: QCM6125 Affected: QCM6490 Affected: QCN6224 Affected: QCN6274 Affected: QCN9011 Affected: QCN9012 Affected: QCS2290 Affected: QCS4290 Affected: QCS6690 Affected: QCS8550 Affected: QEP8111 Affected: QFW7114 Affected: QFW7124 Affected: QRB5165M Affected: QRB5165N Affected: Qualcomm 215 Mobile Platform Affected: Qualcomm Video Collaboration VC1 Platform Affected: Qualcomm Video Collaboration VC3 Platform Affected: Qualcomm Video Collaboration VC5 Platform Affected: Robotics RB2 Platform Affected: Robotics RB5 Platform Affected: SA2150P Affected: SA4150P Affected: SA4155P Affected: SA6145P Affected: SA6150P Affected: SA6155 Affected: SA6155P Affected: SA7255P Affected: SA7775P Affected: SA8145P Affected: SA8150P Affected: SA8155 Affected: SA8155P Affected: SA8195P Affected: SA8255P Affected: SA8295P Affected: SA8620P Affected: SA8770P Affected: SA9000P Affected: SD662 Affected: SD865 5G Affected: SDA660 Affected: SM6225P Affected: SM6650P Affected: SM7325P Affected: SM7525 Affected: SM7550 Affected: SM7550P Affected: SM7635P Affected: SM7675 Affected: SM7675P Affected: SM8550P Affected: SM8635 Affected: SM8635P Affected: SM8650Q Affected: Smart Audio 400 Platform Affected: Snapdragon 4 Gen 1 Mobile Platform Affected: Snapdragon 460 Mobile Platform Affected: Snapdragon 480 5G Mobile Platform Affected: Snapdragon 480+ 5G Mobile Platform Affected: Snapdragon 6 Gen 4 Mobile Platform Affected: Snapdragon 660 Mobile Platform Affected: Snapdragon 662 Mobile Platform Affected: Snapdragon 680 4G Mobile Platform Affected: Snapdragon 685 4G Mobile Platform Affected: Snapdragon 690 5G Mobile Platform Affected: Snapdragon 695 5G Mobile Platform Affected: Snapdragon 778G 5G Mobile Platform Affected: Snapdragon 778G+ 5G Mobile Platform Affected: Snapdragon 782G Mobile Platform Affected: Snapdragon 7c+ Gen 3 Compute Affected: Snapdragon 7s Gen 3 Mobile Platform Affected: Snapdragon 8 Gen 2 Mobile Platform Affected: Snapdragon 8 Gen 3 Mobile Platform Affected: Snapdragon 8+ Gen 2 Mobile Platform Affected: Snapdragon 865 5G Mobile Platform Affected: Snapdragon 865+ 5G Mobile Platform Affected: Snapdragon 870 5G Mobile Platform Affected: Snapdragon 888 5G Mobile Platform Affected: Snapdragon 888+ 5G Mobile Platform Affected: Snapdragon Auto 5G Modem-RF Affected: Snapdragon Auto 5G Modem-RF Gen 2 Affected: Snapdragon W5+ Gen 1 Wearable Platform Affected: Snapdragon X12 LTE Modem Affected: Snapdragon X32 5G Modem-RF System Affected: Snapdragon X35 5G Modem-RF System Affected: Snapdragon X53 5G Modem-RF System Affected: Snapdragon X55 5G Modem-RF System Affected: Snapdragon X72 5G Modem-RF System Affected: Snapdragon X75 5G Modem-RF System Affected: Snapdragon XR2 5G Platform Affected: Snapdragon XR2+ Gen 1 Platform Affected: SnapdragonAuto 4GModem Affected: SRV1H Affected: SRV1M Affected: SW5100 Affected: SW5100P Affected: SXR2230P Affected: SXR2250P Affected: SXR2330P Affected: SXR2350P Affected: WCD9326 Affected: WCD9335 Affected: WCD9340 Affected: WCD9341 Affected: WCD9360 Affected: WCD9370 Affected: WCD9371 Affected: WCD9375 Affected: WCD9378 Affected: WCD9380 Affected: WCD9385 Affected: WCD9390 Affected: WCD9395 Affected: WCN3615 Affected: WCN3660B Affected: WCN3680B Affected: WCN3910 Affected: WCN3950 Affected: WCN3980 Affected: WCN3988 Affected: WCN3990 Affected: WCN6450 Affected: WCN6650 Affected: WCN6755 Affected: WCN7861 Affected: WCN7881 Affected: WSA8810 Affected: WSA8815 Affected: WSA8830 Affected: WSA8832 Affected: WSA8835 Affected: WSA8840 Affected: WSA8845 Affected: WSA8845H |
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},
{
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},
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},
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"status": "affected",
"version": "QAM8255P"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "QAM8295P"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "QAMSRV1H"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "QAMSRV1M"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "QCA2066"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "QCA6174A"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "QCA6391"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "QCA6564A"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "QCA6564AU"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "QCA6574"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "QCA6574A"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "QCA6574AU"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "QCA6584AU"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "QCA6595"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "QCA6595AU"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "QCA6678AQ"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "QCA6688AQ"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "QCA6696"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "QCA6698AQ"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "QCA6698AU"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "QCA6797AQ"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "QCA8081"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "QCA8337"
},
{
"status": "affected",
"version": "QCA8695AU"
},
{
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"version": "QCA9367"
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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CVE-2025-4788 (GCVE-0-2025-4788)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-16 16:31 – Updated: 2025-05-16 18:10
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
FreeFloat FTP Server DELETE Command buffer overflow
Summary
A vulnerability classified as critical was found in FreeFloat FTP Server 1.0. Affected by this vulnerability is an unknown functionality of the component DELETE Command Handler. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. The attack can be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.309097 | vdb-entry |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.309097 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.572476 | third-party-advisory |
| https://fitoxs.com/exploit/exploit-cd619c9271a231… | broken-linkexploit |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| FreeFloat | FTP Server |
Affected:
1.0
|
Credits
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CVE-2025-4789 (GCVE-0-2025-4789)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-16 16:31 – Updated: 2025-05-16 18:10
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
FreeFloat FTP Server LCD Command buffer overflow
Summary
A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, has been found in FreeFloat FTP Server 1.0. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality of the component LCD Command Handler. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.309098 | vdb-entry |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.309098 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.572478 | third-party-advisory |
| https://fitoxs.com/exploit/exploit-23d12ba21a827a… | broken-linkexploit |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| FreeFloat | FTP Server |
Affected:
1.0
|
Credits
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CVE-2025-4790 (GCVE-0-2025-4790)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-16 17:00 – Updated: 2025-05-16 18:09
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
FreeFloat FTP Server GLOB Command buffer overflow
Summary
A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in FreeFloat FTP Server 1.0. This affects an unknown part of the component GLOB Command Handler. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.309099 | vdb-entry |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.309099 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.572479 | third-party-advisory |
| https://fitoxs.com/exploit/exploit-3b4e822c5e445f… | broken-linkexploit |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| FreeFloat | FTP Server |
Affected:
1.0
|
Credits
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CVE-2025-4791 (GCVE-0-2025-4791)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-16 17:00 – Updated: 2025-05-16 18:09
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
FreeFloat FTP Server HASH Command buffer overflow
Summary
A vulnerability has been found in FreeFloat FTP Server 1.0 and classified as critical. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the component HASH Command Handler. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.309100 | vdb-entry |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.309100 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.572480 | third-party-advisory |
| https://fitoxs.com/exploit/exploit-bc230ff2f41a99… | broken-linkexploit |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| FreeFloat | FTP Server |
Affected:
1.0
|
Credits
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CVE-2025-4792 (GCVE-0-2025-4792)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-16 17:31 – Updated: 2025-05-16 17:57
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
FreeFloat FTP Server MDELETE Command buffer overflow
Summary
A vulnerability was found in FreeFloat FTP Server 1.0 and classified as critical. This issue affects some unknown processing of the component MDELETE Command Handler. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.309101 | vdb-entry |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.309101 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.572481 | third-party-advisory |
| https://fitoxs.com/exploit/exploit-fb7e880a8c21bd… | broken-linkexploit |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| FreeFloat | FTP Server |
Affected:
1.0
|
Credits
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CVE-2025-4823 (GCVE-0-2025-4823)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-17 09:31 – Updated: 2025-05-19 15:23
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
TOTOLINK A702R/A3002R/A3002RU HTTP POST Request formReflashClientTbl submit-url buffer overflow
Summary
A vulnerability was found in TOTOLINK A702R, A3002R and A3002RU 3.0.0-B20230809.1615. It has been rated as critical. Affected by this issue is the function submit-url of the file /boafrm/formReflashClientTbl of the component HTTP POST Request Handler. The manipulation leads to buffer overflow. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.309284 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.309284 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.574593 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/CH13hh/tmp_store_cc/blob/main/… | exploit |
| https://www.totolink.net/ | product |
Impacted products
Credits
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CVE-2025-4824 (GCVE-0-2025-4824)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-17 10:00 – Updated: 2025-05-20 14:55
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
TOTOLINK A702R/A3002R/A3002RU HTTP POST Request formWsc buffer overflow
Summary
A vulnerability classified as critical has been found in TOTOLINK A702R, A3002R and A3002RU 3.0.0-B20230809.1615. This affects an unknown part of the file /boafrm/formWsc of the component HTTP POST Request Handler. The manipulation of the argument submit-url leads to buffer overflow. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.309285 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.309285 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.574594 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/CH13hh/tmp_store_cc/blob/main/… | broken-linkexploit |
| https://www.totolink.net/ | product |
Impacted products
Credits
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Mitigation ID: MIT-3
Phase: Requirements
Strategy: Language Selection
Description:
- Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
- Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
Mitigation ID: MIT-4.1
Phase: Architecture and Design
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
Description:
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
Mitigation ID: MIT-10
Phases: Operation, Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
Description:
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation ID: MIT-9
Phase: Implementation
Description:
- Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that your buffer is as large as you specify.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
Mitigation ID: MIT-5
Phase: Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
Description:
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
Mitigation ID: MIT-15
Phase: Architecture and Design
Description:
- For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
Mitigation ID: MIT-11
Phases: Operation, Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
Description:
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation ID: MIT-12
Phase: Operation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
Description:
- Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation
Phases: Build and Compilation, Operation
Description:
- Most mitigating technologies at the compiler or OS level to date address only a subset of buffer overflow problems and rarely provide complete protection against even that subset. It is good practice to implement strategies to increase the workload of an attacker, such as leaving the attacker to guess an unknown value that changes every program execution.
Mitigation ID: MIT-13
Phase: Implementation
Description:
- Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
Mitigation ID: MIT-21
Phase: Architecture and Design
Strategy: Enforcement by Conversion
Description:
- When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs.
Mitigation ID: MIT-17
Phases: Architecture and Design, Operation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
Description:
- Run your code using the lowest privileges that are required to accomplish the necessary tasks [REF-76]. If possible, create isolated accounts with limited privileges that are only used for a single task. That way, a successful attack will not immediately give the attacker access to the rest of the software or its environment. For example, database applications rarely need to run as the database administrator, especially in day-to-day operations.
Mitigation ID: MIT-22
Phases: Architecture and Design, Operation
Strategy: Sandbox or Jail
Description:
- Run the code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which files can be accessed in a particular directory or which commands can be executed by the software.
- OS-level examples include the Unix chroot jail, AppArmor, and SELinux. In general, managed code may provide some protection. For example, java.io.FilePermission in the Java SecurityManager allows the software to specify restrictions on file operations.
- This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of the application may still be subject to compromise.
- Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
CAPEC-10: Buffer Overflow via Environment Variables
This attack pattern involves causing a buffer overflow through manipulation of environment variables. Once the adversary finds that they can modify an environment variable, they may try to overflow associated buffers. This attack leverages implicit trust often placed in environment variables.
CAPEC-100: Overflow Buffers
Buffer Overflow attacks target improper or missing bounds checking on buffer operations, typically triggered by input injected by an adversary. As a consequence, an adversary is able to write past the boundaries of allocated buffer regions in memory, causing a program crash or potentially redirection of execution as per the adversaries' choice.
CAPEC-14: Client-side Injection-induced Buffer Overflow
This type of attack exploits a buffer overflow vulnerability in targeted client software through injection of malicious content from a custom-built hostile service. This hostile service is created to deliver the correct content to the client software. For example, if the client-side application is a browser, the service will host a webpage that the browser loads.
CAPEC-24: Filter Failure through Buffer Overflow
In this attack, the idea is to cause an active filter to fail by causing an oversized transaction. An attacker may try to feed overly long input strings to the program in an attempt to overwhelm the filter (by causing a buffer overflow) and hoping that the filter does not fail securely (i.e. the user input is let into the system unfiltered).
CAPEC-42: MIME Conversion
An attacker exploits a weakness in the MIME conversion routine to cause a buffer overflow and gain control over the mail server machine. The MIME system is designed to allow various different information formats to be interpreted and sent via e-mail. Attack points exist when data are converted to MIME compatible format and back.
CAPEC-44: Overflow Binary Resource File
An attack of this type exploits a buffer overflow vulnerability in the handling of binary resources. Binary resources may include music files like MP3, image files like JPEG files, and any other binary file. These attacks may pass unnoticed to the client machine through normal usage of files, such as a browser loading a seemingly innocent JPEG file. This can allow the adversary access to the execution stack and execute arbitrary code in the target process.
CAPEC-45: Buffer Overflow via Symbolic Links
This type of attack leverages the use of symbolic links to cause buffer overflows. An adversary can try to create or manipulate a symbolic link file such that its contents result in out of bounds data. When the target software processes the symbolic link file, it could potentially overflow internal buffers with insufficient bounds checking.
CAPEC-46: Overflow Variables and Tags
This type of attack leverages the use of tags or variables from a formatted configuration data to cause buffer overflow. The adversary crafts a malicious HTML page or configuration file that includes oversized strings, thus causing an overflow.
CAPEC-47: Buffer Overflow via Parameter Expansion
In this attack, the target software is given input that the adversary knows will be modified and expanded in size during processing. This attack relies on the target software failing to anticipate that the expanded data may exceed some internal limit, thereby creating a buffer overflow.
CAPEC-67: String Format Overflow in syslog()
This attack targets applications and software that uses the syslog() function insecurely. If an application does not explicitely use a format string parameter in a call to syslog(), user input can be placed in the format string parameter leading to a format string injection attack. Adversaries can then inject malicious format string commands into the function call leading to a buffer overflow. There are many reported software vulnerabilities with the root cause being a misuse of the syslog() function.
CAPEC-8: Buffer Overflow in an API Call
This attack targets libraries or shared code modules which are vulnerable to buffer overflow attacks. An adversary who has knowledge of known vulnerable libraries or shared code can easily target software that makes use of these libraries. All clients that make use of the code library thus become vulnerable by association. This has a very broad effect on security across a system, usually affecting more than one software process.
CAPEC-9: Buffer Overflow in Local Command-Line Utilities
This attack targets command-line utilities available in a number of shells. An adversary can leverage a vulnerability found in a command-line utility to escalate privilege to root.
CAPEC-92: Forced Integer Overflow
This attack forces an integer variable to go out of range. The integer variable is often used as an offset such as size of memory allocation or similarly. The attacker would typically control the value of such variable and try to get it out of range. For instance the integer in question is incremented past the maximum possible value, it may wrap to become a very small, or negative number, therefore providing a very incorrect value which can lead to unexpected behavior. At worst the attacker can execute arbitrary code.