CWE-119

Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer

The product performs operations on a memory buffer, but it reads from or writes to a memory location outside the buffer's intended boundary. This may result in read or write operations on unexpected memory locations that could be linked to other variables, data structures, or internal program data.

CVE-2021-0217 (GCVE-0-2021-0217)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-01-15 17:35 – Updated: 2024-09-17 02:06
VLAI
Title
Junos OS: EX Series and QFX Series: Memory leak issue processing specific DHCP packets
Summary
A vulnerability in processing of certain DHCP packets from adjacent clients on EX Series and QFX Series switches running Juniper Networks Junos OS with DHCP local/relay server configured may lead to exhaustion of DMA memory causing a Denial of Service (DoS). Over time, exploitation of this vulnerability may cause traffic to stop being forwarded, or to crashing of the fxpc process. When Packet DMA heap utilization reaches 99%, the system will become unstable. Packet DMA heap utilization can be monitored through the following command: user@junos# request pfe execute target fpc0 timeout 30 command "show heap" ID Base Total(b) Free(b) Used(b) % Name -- ---------- ----------- ----------- ----------- --- ----------- 0 213301a8 536870488 387228840 149641648 27 Kernel 1 91800000 8388608 3735120 4653488 55 DMA 2 92000000 75497472 74452192 1045280 1 PKT DMA DESC 3 d330000 335544320 257091400 78452920 23 Bcm_sdk 4 96800000 184549376 2408 184546968 99 Packet DMA <--- 5 903fffe0 20971504 20971504 0 0 Blob An indication of the issue occurring may be observed through the following log messages: Dec 10 08:07:00.124 2020 hostname fpc0 brcm_pkt_buf_alloc:523 (buf alloc) failed allocating packet buffer Dec 10 08:07:00.126 2020 hostname fpc0 (buf alloc) failed allocating packet buffer Dec 10 08:07:00.128 2020 hostname fpc0 brcm_pkt_buf_alloc:523 (buf alloc) failed allocating packet buffer Dec 10 08:07:00.130 2020 hostnameC fpc0 (buf alloc) failed allocating packet buffer This issue affects Juniper Networks Junos OS on EX Series and QFX Series: 17.4R3 versions prior to 17.4R3-S3; 18.1R3 versions between 18.1R3-S6 and 18.1R3-S11; 18.2R3 versions prior to 18.2R3-S6; 18.3R3 versions prior to 18.3R3-S4; 18.4R2 versions prior to 18.4R2-S5; 18.4R3 versions prior to 18.4R3-S6; 19.1 versions between 19.1R2 and 19.1R3-S3; 19.2 versions prior to 19.2R3-S1; 19.3 versions prior to 19.3R2-S5, 19.3R3; 19.4 versions prior to 19.4R2-S2, 19.4R3; 20.1 versions prior to 20.1R2; 20.2 versions prior to 20.2R1-S2, 20.2R2. Junos OS versions prior to 17.4R3 are unaffected by this vulnerability.
CWE
  • CWE-119 - Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer
Assigner
References
URL Tags
https://kb.juniper.net/JSA11107 x_refsource_CONFIRM
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Juniper Networks Junos OS Unaffected: unspecified , < 17.4R3 (custom)
Affected: 17.4 , < 17.4R3-S3 (custom)
Affected: 18.1R3-S6 , < 18.1* (custom)
Affected: 18.2R3 , < 18.2* (custom)
Affected: 18.3R3 , < 18.3* (custom)
Affected: 18.4R2 , < 18.4* (custom)
Affected: 19.1R2 , < 19.1* (custom)
Affected: 19.2 , < 19.2R3-S1 (custom)
Affected: 19.3 , < 19.3R2-S5, 19.3R3 (custom)
Affected: 19.4 , < 19.4R2-S2, 19.4R3 (custom)
Affected: 20.1 , < 20.1R2 (custom)
Affected: 20.2 , < 20.2R1-S2, 20.2R2 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2021-01-13 00:00
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2021-0227 (GCVE-0-2021-0227)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-04-22 19:36 – Updated: 2024-09-16 17:14
VLAI
Title
Junos OS: SRX Series: Denial of Service in J-Web upon receipt of crafted HTTP packets
Summary
An improper restriction of operations within the bounds of a memory buffer vulnerability in Juniper Networks Junos OS J-Web on SRX Series devices allows an attacker to cause Denial of Service (DoS) by sending certain crafted HTTP packets. Continued receipt and processing of these packets will create a sustained Denial of Service (DoS) condition. When this issue occurs, web-management, NTP daemon (ntpd) and Layer 2 Control Protocol process (L2CPD) daemons might crash. This issue affects Juniper Networks Junos OS on SRX Series: 17.3 versions prior to 17.3R3-S9; 17.4 versions prior to 17.4R2-S11, 17.4R3-S2; 18.2 versions prior to 18.2R3-S5; 18.3 versions prior to 18.3R2-S4, 18.3R3-S3; 18.4 versions prior to 18.4R2-S5, 18.4R3-S4; 19.1 versions prior to 19.1R3-S2; 19.2 versions prior to 19.2R1-S5, 19.2R3; 19.3 versions prior to 19.3R3; 19.4 versions prior to 19.4R2-S1, 19.4R3; 20.1 versions prior to 20.1R1-S2, 20.1R2;
CWE
  • CWE-119 - Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer
  • Denial of Service (DoS)
Assigner
References
URL Tags
https://kb.juniper.net/JSA11122 x_refsource_MISC
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Juniper Networks Junos OS Affected: 17.3 , < 17.3R3-S9 (custom)
Affected: 17.4 , < 17.4R2-S11, 17.4R3-S2 (custom)
Affected: 18.2 , < 18.2R3-S5 (custom)
Affected: 18.3 , < 18.3R2-S4, 18.3R3-S3 (custom)
Affected: 18.4 , < 18.4R2-S5, 18.4R3-S4 (custom)
Affected: 19.1 , < 19.1R3-S2 (custom)
Affected: 19.2 , < 19.2R1-S5, 19.2R3 (custom)
Affected: 19.3 , < 19.3R3 (custom)
Affected: 19.4 , < 19.4R2-S1, 19.4R3 (custom)
Affected: 20.1 , < 20.1R1-S2, 20.1R2 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2021-04-14 00:00
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2021-0242 (GCVE-0-2021-0242)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-04-22 19:37 – Updated: 2024-09-17 03:22
VLAI
Title
Junos OS: EX4300: FPC crash upon receipt of specific frames on an interface without L2PT or dot1x configured
Summary
A vulnerability due to the improper handling of direct memory access (DMA) buffers on EX4300 switches on Juniper Networks Junos OS allows an attacker sending specific unicast frames to trigger a Denial of Service (DoS) condition by exhausting DMA buffers, causing the FPC to crash and the device to restart. The DMA buffer leak is seen when receiving these specific, valid unicast frames on an interface without Layer 2 Protocol Tunneling (L2PT) or dot1x configured. Interfaces with either L2PT or dot1x configured are not vulnerable to this issue. When this issue occurs, DMA buffer usage keeps increasing and the following error log messages may be observed: Apr 14 14:29:34.360 /kernel: pid 64476 (pfex_junos), uid 0: exited on signal 11 (core dumped) Apr 14 14:29:33.790 init: pfe-manager (PID 64476) terminated by signal number 11. Core dumped! The DMA buffers on the FPC can be monitored by the executing vty command 'show heap': ID Base Total(b) Free(b) Used(b) % Name -- ---------- ----------- ----------- ----------- --- ----------- 0 4a46000 268435456 238230496 30204960 11 Kernel 1 18a46000 67108864 17618536 49490328 73 Bcm_sdk 2 23737000 117440512 18414552 99025960 84 DMA buf <<<<< keeps increasing 3 2a737000 16777216 16777216 0 0 DMA desc This issue affects Juniper Networks Junos OS on the EX4300: 17.3 versions prior to 17.3R3-S11; 17.4 versions prior to 17.4R2-S13, 17.4R3-S4; 18.1 versions prior to 18.1R3-S12; 18.2 versions prior to 18.2R2-S8, 18.2R3-S7; 18.3 versions prior to 18.3R3-S4; 18.4 versions prior to 18.4R1-S8, 18.4R2-S7, 18.4R3-S7; 19.1 versions prior to 19.1R1-S6, 19.1R2-S2, 19.1R3-S4; 19.2 versions prior to 19.2R1-S6, 19.2R3-S2; 19.3 versions prior to 19.3R3-S2; 19.4 versions prior to 19.4R2-S3, 19.4R3-S1; 20.1 versions prior to 20.1R2; 20.2 versions prior to 20.2R2-S1, 20.2R3; 20.3 versions prior to 20.3R1-S1, 20.3R2.
CWE
  • CWE-119 - Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer
  • CWE-241 - Improper Handling of Unexpected Data Type
  • Denial of Service (DoS)
Assigner
References
URL Tags
https://kb.juniper.net/JSA11135 x_refsource_MISC
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Juniper Networks Junos OS Affected: 17.3 , < 17.3R3-S11 (custom)
Affected: 17.4 , < 17.4R2-S13, 17.4R3-S4 (custom)
Affected: 18.1 , < 18.1R3-S12 (custom)
Affected: 18.2 , < 18.2R2-S8, 18.2R3-S7 (custom)
Affected: 18.3 , < 18.3R3-S4 (custom)
Affected: 18.4 , < 18.4R1-S8, 18.4R2-S7, 18.4R3-S7 (custom)
Affected: 19.1 , < 19.1R1-S6, 19.1R2-S2, 19.1R3-S4 (custom)
Affected: 19.2 , < 19.2R1-S6, 19.2R3-S2 (custom)
Affected: 19.3 , < 19.3R3-S2 (custom)
Affected: 19.4 , < 19.4R2-S3, 19.4R3-S1 (custom)
Affected: 20.1 , < 20.1R2 (custom)
Affected: 20.2 , < 20.2R2-S1, 20.2R3 (custom)
Affected: 20.3 , < 20.3R1-S1, 20.3R2 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2021-04-14 00:00
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2021-1111 (GCVE-0-2021-1111)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-08-11 21:33 – Updated: 2024-08-03 15:55
VLAI
Summary
Bootloader contains a vulnerability in the NV3P server where any user with physical access through USB can trigger an incorrect bounds check, which may lead to buffer overflow, resulting in limited information disclosure, limited data integrity, and denial of service across all components.
CWE
  • CWE-119 - Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2021-1131 (GCVE-0-2021-1131)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-01-13 21:20 – Updated: 2024-11-12 20:47
VLAI
Title
Cisco Video Surveillance 8000 Series IP Cameras Cisco Discovery Protocol Denial of Service Vulnerability
Summary
A vulnerability in the Cisco Discovery Protocol implementation for Cisco Video Surveillance 8000 Series IP Cameras could allow an unauthenticated, adjacent attacker to cause an affected IP camera to reload. The vulnerability is due to missing checks when Cisco Discovery Protocol messages are processed. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by sending a malicious Cisco Discovery Protocol packet to an affected IP camera. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to cause the affected IP camera to reload unexpectedly, resulting in a denial of service (DoS) condition. Note: Cisco Discovery Protocol is a Layer 2 protocol. To exploit this vulnerability, an attacker must be in the same broadcast domain as the affected device (Layer 2 adjacent).
CWE
Assigner
References
URL Tags
https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/C… vendor-advisoryx_refsource_CISCO
Impacted products
Date Public
2021-01-13 00:00
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2021-1137 (GCVE-0-2021-1137)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-04-08 04:05 – Updated: 2024-11-08 23:30
VLAI
Title
Cisco SD-WAN vManage Software Vulnerabilities
Summary
Multiple vulnerabilities in Cisco SD-WAN vManage Software could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary code or allow an authenticated, local attacker to gain escalated privileges on an affected system. For more information about these vulnerabilities, see the Details section of this advisory.
CWE
Assigner
References
URL Tags
https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/C… vendor-advisoryx_refsource_CISCO
Impacted products
Date Public
2021-04-07 00:00
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2021-1241 (GCVE-0-2021-1241)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-01-20 20:10 – Updated: 2024-11-12 20:20
VLAI
Title
Cisco SD-WAN Denial of Service Vulnerabilities
Summary
Multiple vulnerabilities in Cisco SD-WAN products could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to execute denial of service (DoS) attacks against an affected device. For more information about these vulnerabilities, see the Details section of this advisory.
CWE
Assigner
References
URL Tags
https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/C… vendor-advisoryx_refsource_CISCO
Impacted products
Date Public
2021-01-20 00:00
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2021-1251 (GCVE-0-2021-1251)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-04-08 04:05 – Updated: 2024-11-08 23:29
VLAI
Title
Cisco Small Business RV Series Routers Link Layer Discovery Protocol Vulnerabilities
Summary
Multiple vulnerabilities exist in the Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP) implementation for Cisco Small Business RV Series Routers. An unauthenticated, adjacent attacker could execute arbitrary code or cause an affected router to leak system memory or reload. A memory leak or device reload would cause a denial of service (DoS) condition on an affected device. For more information about these vulnerabilities, see the Details section of this advisory. Note: LLDP is a Layer 2 protocol. To exploit these vulnerabilities, an attacker must be in the same broadcast domain as the affected device (Layer 2 adjacent).
CWE
Assigner
References
URL Tags
https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/C… vendor-advisoryx_refsource_CISCO
Impacted products
Date Public
2021-04-07 00:00
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2021-1273 (GCVE-0-2021-1273)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-01-20 19:56 – Updated: 2024-11-12 20:24
VLAI
Title
Cisco SD-WAN Denial of Service Vulnerabilities
Summary
Multiple vulnerabilities in Cisco SD-WAN products could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to execute denial of service (DoS) attacks against an affected device. For more information about these vulnerabilities, see the Details section of this advisory.
CWE
Assigner
References
URL Tags
https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/C… vendor-advisoryx_refsource_CISCO
Impacted products
Date Public
2021-01-20 00:00
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2021-1274 (GCVE-0-2021-1274)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-01-20 19:56 – Updated: 2024-11-12 20:24
VLAI
Title
Cisco SD-WAN Denial of Service Vulnerabilities
Summary
Multiple vulnerabilities in Cisco SD-WAN products could allow an unauthenticated, remote attacker to execute denial of service (DoS) attacks against an affected device. For more information about these vulnerabilities, see the Details section of this advisory.
CWE
Assigner
References
URL Tags
https://tools.cisco.com/security/center/content/C… vendor-advisoryx_refsource_CISCO
Impacted products
Date Public
2021-01-20 00:00
Show details on NVD website

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Mitigation ID: MIT-3

Phase: Requirements

Strategy: Language Selection

Description:

  • Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
  • For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
  • Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
Mitigation ID: MIT-4.1

Phase: Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

Description:

  • Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
  • Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
Mitigation ID: MIT-10

Phases: Operation, Build and Compilation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

Description:

  • Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
  • D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation ID: MIT-9

Phase: Implementation

Description:

  • Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
  • Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
  • When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
  • Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
  • If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
Mitigation ID: MIT-11

Phases: Operation, Build and Compilation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

Description:

  • Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
  • Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
  • For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation ID: MIT-12

Phase: Operation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

Description:

  • Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
  • For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation ID: MIT-13

Phase: Implementation

Description:

  • Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
CAPEC-10: Buffer Overflow via Environment Variables

This attack pattern involves causing a buffer overflow through manipulation of environment variables. Once the adversary finds that they can modify an environment variable, they may try to overflow associated buffers. This attack leverages implicit trust often placed in environment variables.

CAPEC-100: Overflow Buffers

Buffer Overflow attacks target improper or missing bounds checking on buffer operations, typically triggered by input injected by an adversary. As a consequence, an adversary is able to write past the boundaries of allocated buffer regions in memory, causing a program crash or potentially redirection of execution as per the adversaries' choice.

CAPEC-123: Buffer Manipulation

An adversary manipulates an application's interaction with a buffer in an attempt to read or modify data they shouldn't have access to. Buffer attacks are distinguished in that it is the buffer space itself that is the target of the attack rather than any code responsible for interpreting the content of the buffer. In virtually all buffer attacks the content that is placed in the buffer is immaterial. Instead, most buffer attacks involve retrieving or providing more input than can be stored in the allocated buffer, resulting in the reading or overwriting of other unintended program memory.

CAPEC-14: Client-side Injection-induced Buffer Overflow

This type of attack exploits a buffer overflow vulnerability in targeted client software through injection of malicious content from a custom-built hostile service. This hostile service is created to deliver the correct content to the client software. For example, if the client-side application is a browser, the service will host a webpage that the browser loads.

CAPEC-24: Filter Failure through Buffer Overflow

In this attack, the idea is to cause an active filter to fail by causing an oversized transaction. An attacker may try to feed overly long input strings to the program in an attempt to overwhelm the filter (by causing a buffer overflow) and hoping that the filter does not fail securely (i.e. the user input is let into the system unfiltered).

CAPEC-42: MIME Conversion

An attacker exploits a weakness in the MIME conversion routine to cause a buffer overflow and gain control over the mail server machine. The MIME system is designed to allow various different information formats to be interpreted and sent via e-mail. Attack points exist when data are converted to MIME compatible format and back.

CAPEC-44: Overflow Binary Resource File

An attack of this type exploits a buffer overflow vulnerability in the handling of binary resources. Binary resources may include music files like MP3, image files like JPEG files, and any other binary file. These attacks may pass unnoticed to the client machine through normal usage of files, such as a browser loading a seemingly innocent JPEG file. This can allow the adversary access to the execution stack and execute arbitrary code in the target process.

CAPEC-45: Buffer Overflow via Symbolic Links

This type of attack leverages the use of symbolic links to cause buffer overflows. An adversary can try to create or manipulate a symbolic link file such that its contents result in out of bounds data. When the target software processes the symbolic link file, it could potentially overflow internal buffers with insufficient bounds checking.

CAPEC-46: Overflow Variables and Tags

This type of attack leverages the use of tags or variables from a formatted configuration data to cause buffer overflow. The adversary crafts a malicious HTML page or configuration file that includes oversized strings, thus causing an overflow.

CAPEC-47: Buffer Overflow via Parameter Expansion

In this attack, the target software is given input that the adversary knows will be modified and expanded in size during processing. This attack relies on the target software failing to anticipate that the expanded data may exceed some internal limit, thereby creating a buffer overflow.

CAPEC-8: Buffer Overflow in an API Call

This attack targets libraries or shared code modules which are vulnerable to buffer overflow attacks. An adversary who has knowledge of known vulnerable libraries or shared code can easily target software that makes use of these libraries. All clients that make use of the code library thus become vulnerable by association. This has a very broad effect on security across a system, usually affecting more than one software process.

CAPEC-9: Buffer Overflow in Local Command-Line Utilities

This attack targets command-line utilities available in a number of shells. An adversary can leverage a vulnerability found in a command-line utility to escalate privilege to root.

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