CWE-119
Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer
The product performs operations on a memory buffer, but it reads from or writes to a memory location outside the buffer's intended boundary. This may result in read or write operations on unexpected memory locations that could be linked to other variables, data structures, or internal program data.
CVE-2025-9363 (GCVE-0-2025-9363)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-08-23 14:02 – Updated: 2025-08-25 18:04
VLAI
Title
Linksys RE6250/RE6300/RE6350/RE6500/RE7000/RE9000 portTriggerManageRule stack-based overflow
Summary
A vulnerability has been found in Linksys RE6250, RE6300, RE6350, RE6500, RE7000 and RE9000 1.0.013.001/1.0.04.001/1.0.04.002/1.1.05.003/1.2.07.001. This affects the function portTriggerManageRule of the file /goform/portTriggerManageRule. The manipulation of the argument triggerRuleName/schedule leads to stack-based buffer overflow. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
6 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.321066 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.321066 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.631535 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/wudipjq/my_vuln/blob/main/Link… | related |
| https://github.com/wudipjq/my_vuln/blob/main/Link… | exploit |
| https://www.linksys.com/ | product |
Impacted products
6 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Linksys | RE6250 |
Affected:
1.0.013.001
Affected: 1.0.04.001 Affected: 1.0.04.002 Affected: 1.1.05.003 Affected: 1.2.07.001 |
|
| Linksys | RE6300 |
Affected:
1.0.013.001
Affected: 1.0.04.001 Affected: 1.0.04.002 Affected: 1.1.05.003 Affected: 1.2.07.001 |
|
| Linksys | RE6350 |
Affected:
1.0.013.001
Affected: 1.0.04.001 Affected: 1.0.04.002 Affected: 1.1.05.003 Affected: 1.2.07.001 |
|
| Linksys | RE6500 |
Affected:
1.0.013.001
Affected: 1.0.04.001 Affected: 1.0.04.002 Affected: 1.1.05.003 Affected: 1.2.07.001 |
|
| Linksys | RE7000 |
Affected:
1.0.013.001
Affected: 1.0.04.001 Affected: 1.0.04.002 Affected: 1.1.05.003 Affected: 1.2.07.001 |
|
| Linksys | RE9000 |
Affected:
1.0.013.001
Affected: 1.0.04.001 Affected: 1.0.04.002 Affected: 1.1.05.003 Affected: 1.2.07.001 |
Credits
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CVE-2025-9385 (GCVE-0-2025-9385)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-08-24 10:32 – Updated: 2025-08-25 20:25
VLAI
Title
appneta tcpreplay tcprewrite edit_packet.c fix_ipv6_checksums use after free
Summary
A flaw has been found in appneta tcpreplay up to 4.5.1. The affected element is the function fix_ipv6_checksums of the file edit_packet.c of the component tcprewrite. This manipulation causes use after free. The attack is restricted to local execution. The exploit has been published and may be used. Upgrading to version 4.5.2-beta3 is sufficient to fix this issue. It is advisable to upgrade the affected component.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
6 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.321218 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.321218 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.630497 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/appneta/tcpreplay/issues/972 | issue-tracking |
| https://github.com/appneta/tcpreplay/issues/972#i… | issue-tracking |
| https://drive.google.com/file/d/1BQZF558bRHv07wtl… | exploit |
Impacted products
Credits
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CVE-2025-9386 (GCVE-0-2025-9386)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-08-24 11:02 – Updated: 2025-08-25 20:26
VLAI
Title
appneta tcpreplay tcprewrite get.c get_l2len_protocol use after free
Summary
A vulnerability has been found in appneta tcpreplay up to 4.5.1. The impacted element is the function get_l2len_protocol of the file get.c of the component tcprewrite. Such manipulation leads to use after free. The attack must be carried out locally. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. Upgrading to version 4.5.2-beta3 is sufficient to resolve this issue. You should upgrade the affected component.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.321219 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.321219 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.630498 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/appneta/tcpreplay/issues/973 | issue-tracking |
| https://drive.google.com/file/d/1DcQWaTmj1HSbRidO… | exploit |
Impacted products
Credits
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CVE-2025-9389 (GCVE-0-2025-9389)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-08-24 13:02 – Updated: 2025-08-25 18:31
VLAI
Title
vim memmove-vec-unaligned-erms.S __memmove_avx_unaligned_erms memory corruption
Summary
A vulnerability was identified in vim 9.1.0000. Affected is the function __memmove_avx_unaligned_erms of the file memmove-vec-unaligned-erms.S. The manipulation leads to memory corruption. The attack needs to be performed locally. The exploit is publicly available and might be used. Some users are not able to reproduce this. One of the users mentions that this appears not to be working, "when coloring is turned on".
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-119 - Memory Corruption
Assigner
References
6 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.321222 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.321222 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.630898 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/vim/vim/issues/17940 | issue-tracking |
| https://github.com/vim/vim/issues/17940#issuecomm… | issue-tracking |
| https://drive.google.com/file/d/1iFbTpW79vqBPkFjW… | exploit |
Credits
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CVE-2025-9390 (GCVE-0-2025-9390)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-08-24 14:02 – Updated: 2025-08-25 18:30
VLAI
Title
vim xxd xxd.c main buffer overflow
Summary
A security flaw has been discovered in vim up to 9.1.1615. Affected by this vulnerability is the function main of the file src/xxd/xxd.c of the component xxd. The manipulation results in buffer overflow. The attack requires a local approach. The exploit has been released to the public and may be exploited. Upgrading to version 9.1.1616 addresses this issue. The patch is identified as eeef7c77436a78cd27047b0f5fa6925d56de3cb0. It is recommended to upgrade the affected component.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
8 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.321223 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.321223 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.630903 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/vim/vim/issues/17944 | issue-tracking |
| https://github.com/vim/vim/pull/17947 | issue-tracking |
| https://drive.google.com/file/d/1JLnqrdcGsjUhbYzI… | exploit |
| https://github.com/vim/vim/commit/eeef7c77436a78c… | patch |
| https://github.com/vim/vim/releases/tag/v9.1.1616 | patch |
Credits
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CVE-2025-9392 (GCVE-0-2025-9392)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-08-24 15:02 – Updated: 2025-08-25 17:37
VLAI
Title
Linksys RE6250/RE6300/RE6350/RE6500/RE7000/RE9000 qosClassifier stack-based overflow
Summary
A security vulnerability has been detected in Linksys RE6250, RE6300, RE6350, RE6500, RE7000 and RE9000 1.0.013.001/1.0.04.001/1.0.04.002/1.1.05.003/1.2.07.001. This affects the function qosClassifier of the file /goform/qosClassifier. Such manipulation of the argument dir/sFromPort/sToPort/dFromPort/dToPort/protocol/layer7/dscp/remark_dscp leads to stack-based buffer overflow. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed publicly and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
6 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.321225 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.321225 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.631537 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/wudipjq/my_vuln/blob/main/Link… | related |
| https://github.com/wudipjq/my_vuln/blob/main/Link… | exploit |
| https://www.linksys.com/ | product |
Impacted products
6 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Linksys | RE6250 |
Affected:
1.0.013.001
Affected: 1.0.04.001 Affected: 1.0.04.002 Affected: 1.1.05.003 Affected: 1.2.07.001 |
|
| Linksys | RE6300 |
Affected:
1.0.013.001
Affected: 1.0.04.001 Affected: 1.0.04.002 Affected: 1.1.05.003 Affected: 1.2.07.001 |
|
| Linksys | RE6350 |
Affected:
1.0.013.001
Affected: 1.0.04.001 Affected: 1.0.04.002 Affected: 1.1.05.003 Affected: 1.2.07.001 |
|
| Linksys | RE6500 |
Affected:
1.0.013.001
Affected: 1.0.04.001 Affected: 1.0.04.002 Affected: 1.1.05.003 Affected: 1.2.07.001 |
|
| Linksys | RE7000 |
Affected:
1.0.013.001
Affected: 1.0.04.001 Affected: 1.0.04.002 Affected: 1.1.05.003 Affected: 1.2.07.001 |
|
| Linksys | RE9000 |
Affected:
1.0.013.001
Affected: 1.0.04.001 Affected: 1.0.04.002 Affected: 1.1.05.003 Affected: 1.2.07.001 |
Credits
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CVE-2025-9393 (GCVE-0-2025-9393)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-08-24 15:32 – Updated: 2025-08-25 17:20
VLAI
Title
Linksys RE6250/RE6300/RE6350/RE6500/RE7000/RE9000 addStaProfile stack-based overflow
Summary
A vulnerability was detected in Linksys RE6250, RE6300, RE6350, RE6500, RE7000 and RE9000 1.0.013.001/1.0.04.001/1.0.04.002/1.1.05.003/1.2.07.001. This vulnerability affects the function addStaProfile of the file /goform/addStaProfile. Performing manipulation of the argument profile_name/Ssid/wep_key_1/wep_key_2/wep_key_3/wep_key_4/wep_key_length/wep_default_key/cipher/passphrase results in stack-based buffer overflow. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. The exploit is now public and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
6 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.321226 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.321226 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.631538 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/wudipjq/my_vuln/blob/main/Link… | related |
| https://github.com/wudipjq/my_vuln/blob/main/Link… | exploit |
| https://www.linksys.com/ | product |
Impacted products
6 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Linksys | RE6250 |
Affected:
1.0.013.001
Affected: 1.0.04.001 Affected: 1.0.04.002 Affected: 1.1.05.003 Affected: 1.2.07.001 |
|
| Linksys | RE6300 |
Affected:
1.0.013.001
Affected: 1.0.04.001 Affected: 1.0.04.002 Affected: 1.1.05.003 Affected: 1.2.07.001 |
|
| Linksys | RE6350 |
Affected:
1.0.013.001
Affected: 1.0.04.001 Affected: 1.0.04.002 Affected: 1.1.05.003 Affected: 1.2.07.001 |
|
| Linksys | RE6500 |
Affected:
1.0.013.001
Affected: 1.0.04.001 Affected: 1.0.04.002 Affected: 1.1.05.003 Affected: 1.2.07.001 |
|
| Linksys | RE7000 |
Affected:
1.0.013.001
Affected: 1.0.04.001 Affected: 1.0.04.002 Affected: 1.1.05.003 Affected: 1.2.07.001 |
|
| Linksys | RE9000 |
Affected:
1.0.013.001
Affected: 1.0.04.001 Affected: 1.0.04.002 Affected: 1.1.05.003 Affected: 1.2.07.001 |
Credits
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CVE-2025-9394 (GCVE-0-2025-9394)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-08-24 16:02 – Updated: 2025-08-25 16:50
VLAI
Title
PoDoFo PDF Dictionary PdfTokenizer.cpp DetermineDataType use after free
Summary
A flaw has been found in PoDoFo 1.1.0-dev. This issue affects the function PdfTokenizer::DetermineDataType of the file src/podofo/main/PdfTokenizer.cpp of the component PDF Dictionary Parser. Executing manipulation can lead to use after free. It is possible to launch the attack on the local host. The exploit has been published and may be used. This patch is called 22d16cb142f293bf956f66a4d399cdd65576d36c. A patch should be applied to remediate this issue.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
7 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.321227 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.321227 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.632364 | third-party-advisory |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.632365 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/podofo/podofo/issues/275 | issue-tracking |
| https://drive.google.com/file/d/1edJH17GAiK9R441G… | exploit |
| https://github.com/podofo/podofo/commit/22d16cb14… | patch |
Credits
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CVE-2025-9443 (GCVE-0-2025-9443)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-08-26 02:32 – Updated: 2025-08-26 14:02
VLAI
Title
Tenda CH22 editUserName formeditUserName buffer overflow
Summary
A flaw has been found in Tenda CH22 1.0.0.1. This vulnerability affects the function formeditUserName of the file /goform/editUserName. Executing manipulation of the argument new_account can lead to buffer overflow. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been published and may be used.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
5 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.321281 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.321281 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.634271 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/moweizhang1994/cve/issues/4 | exploitissue-tracking |
| https://www.tenda.com.cn/ | product |
Credits
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CVE-2025-9481 (GCVE-0-2025-9481)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-08-26 13:32 – Updated: 2025-08-26 14:40
VLAI
Title
Linksys RE6250/RE6300/RE6350/RE6500/RE7000/RE9000 setIpv6 stack-based overflow
Summary
A security vulnerability has been detected in Linksys RE6250, RE6300, RE6350, RE6500, RE7000 and RE9000 1.0.013.001/1.0.04.001/1.0.04.002/1.1.05.003/1.2.07.001. This affects the function setIpv6 of the file /goform/setIpv6. The manipulation of the argument tunrd_Prefix leads to stack-based buffer overflow. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. The exploit has been disclosed publicly and may be used. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
6 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/?id.321396 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.321396 | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/?submit.634819 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/wudipjq/my_vuln/blob/main/Link… | related |
| https://github.com/wudipjq/my_vuln/blob/main/Link… | exploit |
| https://www.linksys.com/ | product |
Impacted products
6 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Linksys | RE6250 |
Affected:
1.0.013.001
Affected: 1.0.04.001 Affected: 1.0.04.002 Affected: 1.1.05.003 Affected: 1.2.07.001 |
|
| Linksys | RE6300 |
Affected:
1.0.013.001
Affected: 1.0.04.001 Affected: 1.0.04.002 Affected: 1.1.05.003 Affected: 1.2.07.001 |
|
| Linksys | RE6350 |
Affected:
1.0.013.001
Affected: 1.0.04.001 Affected: 1.0.04.002 Affected: 1.1.05.003 Affected: 1.2.07.001 |
|
| Linksys | RE6500 |
Affected:
1.0.013.001
Affected: 1.0.04.001 Affected: 1.0.04.002 Affected: 1.1.05.003 Affected: 1.2.07.001 |
|
| Linksys | RE7000 |
Affected:
1.0.013.001
Affected: 1.0.04.001 Affected: 1.0.04.002 Affected: 1.1.05.003 Affected: 1.2.07.001 |
|
| Linksys | RE9000 |
Affected:
1.0.013.001
Affected: 1.0.04.001 Affected: 1.0.04.002 Affected: 1.1.05.003 Affected: 1.2.07.001 |
Credits
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"version": "4.0"
}
},
{
"cvssV3_1": {
"baseScore": 8.8,
"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:P/RL:X/RC:R",
"version": "3.1"
}
},
{
"cvssV3_0": {
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"baseSeverity": "HIGH",
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}
},
{
"cvssV2_0": {
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"vectorString": "AV:N/AC:L/Au:S/C:C/I:C/A:C/E:POC/RL:ND/RC:UR",
"version": "2.0"
}
}
],
"problemTypes": [
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-121",
"description": "Stack-based Buffer Overflow",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
},
{
"descriptions": [
{
"cweId": "CWE-119",
"description": "Memory Corruption",
"lang": "en",
"type": "CWE"
}
]
}
],
"providerMetadata": {
"dateUpdated": "2025-08-26T13:32:09.115Z",
"orgId": "1af790b2-7ee1-4545-860a-a788eba489b5",
"shortName": "VulDB"
},
"references": [
{
"name": "VDB-321396 | Linksys RE6250/RE6300/RE6350/RE6500/RE7000/RE9000 setIpv6 stack-based overflow",
"tags": [
"vdb-entry",
"technical-description"
],
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.321396"
},
{
"name": "VDB-321396 | CTI Indicators (IOB, IOC, IOA)",
"tags": [
"signature",
"permissions-required"
],
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.321396"
},
{
"name": "Submit #634819 | Linksys RE6500\u3001RE6250\u3001RE6300\u3001RE6350\u3001RE7000\u3001RE9000 RE6500(1.0.013.001) RE6250(1.0.04.001) RE6300(1.2.07.001) RE6350(1.0.04.001) RE7000(1.1.05.003) RE9000(1.0.04.002) Stack-based Buffer Overflow",
"tags": [
"third-party-advisory"
],
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.634819"
},
{
"tags": [
"related"
],
"url": "https://github.com/wudipjq/my_vuln/blob/main/Linksys/vuln_35/35.md"
},
{
"tags": [
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],
"url": "https://github.com/wudipjq/my_vuln/blob/main/Linksys/vuln_35/35.md#poc"
},
{
"tags": [
"product"
],
"url": "https://www.linksys.com/"
}
],
"timeline": [
{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2025-08-26T00:00:00.000Z",
"value": "Advisory disclosed"
},
{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2025-08-26T02:00:00.000Z",
"value": "VulDB entry created"
},
{
"lang": "en",
"time": "2025-08-26T09:40:55.000Z",
"value": "VulDB entry last update"
}
],
"title": "Linksys RE6250/RE6300/RE6350/RE6500/RE7000/RE9000 setIpv6 stack-based overflow"
}
},
"cveMetadata": {
"assignerOrgId": "1af790b2-7ee1-4545-860a-a788eba489b5",
"assignerShortName": "VulDB",
"cveId": "CVE-2025-9481",
"datePublished": "2025-08-26T13:32:09.115Z",
"dateReserved": "2025-08-26T07:35:43.588Z",
"dateUpdated": "2025-08-26T14:40:57.042Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.1"
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Mitigation ID: MIT-3
Phase: Requirements
Strategy: Language Selection
Description:
- Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, many languages that perform their own memory management, such as Java and Perl, are not subject to buffer overflows. Other languages, such as Ada and C#, typically provide overflow protection, but the protection can be disabled by the programmer.
- Be wary that a language's interface to native code may still be subject to overflows, even if the language itself is theoretically safe.
Mitigation ID: MIT-4.1
Phase: Architecture and Design
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
Description:
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- Examples include the Safe C String Library (SafeStr) by Messier and Viega [REF-57], and the Strsafe.h library from Microsoft [REF-56]. These libraries provide safer versions of overflow-prone string-handling functions.
Mitigation ID: MIT-10
Phases: Operation, Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
Description:
- Use automatic buffer overflow detection mechanisms that are offered by certain compilers or compiler extensions. Examples include: the Microsoft Visual Studio /GS flag, Fedora/Red Hat FORTIFY_SOURCE GCC flag, StackGuard, and ProPolice, which provide various mechanisms including canary-based detection and range/index checking.
- D3-SFCV (Stack Frame Canary Validation) from D3FEND [REF-1334] discusses canary-based detection in detail.
Mitigation ID: MIT-9
Phase: Implementation
Description:
- Consider adhering to the following rules when allocating and managing an application's memory:
- Double check that the buffer is as large as specified.
- When using functions that accept a number of bytes to copy, such as strncpy(), be aware that if the destination buffer size is equal to the source buffer size, it may not NULL-terminate the string.
- Check buffer boundaries if accessing the buffer in a loop and make sure there is no danger of writing past the allocated space.
- If necessary, truncate all input strings to a reasonable length before passing them to the copy and concatenation functions.
Mitigation ID: MIT-11
Phases: Operation, Build and Compilation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
Description:
- Run or compile the software using features or extensions that randomly arrange the positions of a program's executable and libraries in memory. Because this makes the addresses unpredictable, it can prevent an attacker from reliably jumping to exploitable code.
- Examples include Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) [REF-58] [REF-60] and Position-Independent Executables (PIE) [REF-64]. Imported modules may be similarly realigned if their default memory addresses conflict with other modules, in a process known as "rebasing" (for Windows) and "prelinking" (for Linux) [REF-1332] using randomly generated addresses. ASLR for libraries cannot be used in conjunction with prelink since it would require relocating the libraries at run-time, defeating the whole purpose of prelinking.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-SAOR (Segment Address Offset Randomization) from D3FEND [REF-1335].
Mitigation ID: MIT-12
Phase: Operation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
Description:
- Use a CPU and operating system that offers Data Execution Protection (using hardware NX or XD bits) or the equivalent techniques that simulate this feature in software, such as PaX [REF-60] [REF-61]. These techniques ensure that any instruction executed is exclusively at a memory address that is part of the code segment.
- For more information on these techniques see D3-PSEP (Process Segment Execution Prevention) from D3FEND [REF-1336].
Mitigation ID: MIT-13
Phase: Implementation
Description:
- Replace unbounded copy functions with analogous functions that support length arguments, such as strcpy with strncpy. Create these if they are not available.
CAPEC-10: Buffer Overflow via Environment Variables
This attack pattern involves causing a buffer overflow through manipulation of environment variables. Once the adversary finds that they can modify an environment variable, they may try to overflow associated buffers. This attack leverages implicit trust often placed in environment variables.
CAPEC-100: Overflow Buffers
Buffer Overflow attacks target improper or missing bounds checking on buffer operations, typically triggered by input injected by an adversary. As a consequence, an adversary is able to write past the boundaries of allocated buffer regions in memory, causing a program crash or potentially redirection of execution as per the adversaries' choice.
CAPEC-123: Buffer Manipulation
An adversary manipulates an application's interaction with a buffer in an attempt to read or modify data they shouldn't have access to. Buffer attacks are distinguished in that it is the buffer space itself that is the target of the attack rather than any code responsible for interpreting the content of the buffer. In virtually all buffer attacks the content that is placed in the buffer is immaterial. Instead, most buffer attacks involve retrieving or providing more input than can be stored in the allocated buffer, resulting in the reading or overwriting of other unintended program memory.
CAPEC-14: Client-side Injection-induced Buffer Overflow
This type of attack exploits a buffer overflow vulnerability in targeted client software through injection of malicious content from a custom-built hostile service. This hostile service is created to deliver the correct content to the client software. For example, if the client-side application is a browser, the service will host a webpage that the browser loads.
CAPEC-24: Filter Failure through Buffer Overflow
In this attack, the idea is to cause an active filter to fail by causing an oversized transaction. An attacker may try to feed overly long input strings to the program in an attempt to overwhelm the filter (by causing a buffer overflow) and hoping that the filter does not fail securely (i.e. the user input is let into the system unfiltered).
CAPEC-42: MIME Conversion
An attacker exploits a weakness in the MIME conversion routine to cause a buffer overflow and gain control over the mail server machine. The MIME system is designed to allow various different information formats to be interpreted and sent via e-mail. Attack points exist when data are converted to MIME compatible format and back.
CAPEC-44: Overflow Binary Resource File
An attack of this type exploits a buffer overflow vulnerability in the handling of binary resources. Binary resources may include music files like MP3, image files like JPEG files, and any other binary file. These attacks may pass unnoticed to the client machine through normal usage of files, such as a browser loading a seemingly innocent JPEG file. This can allow the adversary access to the execution stack and execute arbitrary code in the target process.
CAPEC-45: Buffer Overflow via Symbolic Links
This type of attack leverages the use of symbolic links to cause buffer overflows. An adversary can try to create or manipulate a symbolic link file such that its contents result in out of bounds data. When the target software processes the symbolic link file, it could potentially overflow internal buffers with insufficient bounds checking.
CAPEC-46: Overflow Variables and Tags
This type of attack leverages the use of tags or variables from a formatted configuration data to cause buffer overflow. The adversary crafts a malicious HTML page or configuration file that includes oversized strings, thus causing an overflow.
CAPEC-47: Buffer Overflow via Parameter Expansion
In this attack, the target software is given input that the adversary knows will be modified and expanded in size during processing. This attack relies on the target software failing to anticipate that the expanded data may exceed some internal limit, thereby creating a buffer overflow.
CAPEC-8: Buffer Overflow in an API Call
This attack targets libraries or shared code modules which are vulnerable to buffer overflow attacks. An adversary who has knowledge of known vulnerable libraries or shared code can easily target software that makes use of these libraries. All clients that make use of the code library thus become vulnerable by association. This has a very broad effect on security across a system, usually affecting more than one software process.
CAPEC-9: Buffer Overflow in Local Command-Line Utilities
This attack targets command-line utilities available in a number of shells. An adversary can leverage a vulnerability found in a command-line utility to escalate privilege to root.