CWE-94
Allowed-with-ReviewImproper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product constructs all or part of a code segment using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the syntax or behavior of the intended code segment.
8285 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-X7GR-MMJJ-HX3H
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-14 18:30 – Updated: 2026-04-01 18:32Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine vulnerability in Podlove Podlove Podcast Publisher.This issue affects Podlove Podcast Publisher: from n/a through 4.1.15.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-52393"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1336",
"CWE-82",
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-11-14T18:15:26Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Improper Neutralization of Special Elements Used in a Template Engine vulnerability in Podlove Podlove Podcast Publisher.This issue affects Podlove Podcast Publisher: from n/a through 4.1.15.",
"id": "GHSA-x7gr-mmjj-hx3h",
"modified": "2026-04-01T18:32:24Z",
"published": "2024-11-14T18:30:38Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-52393"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/podlove-podcasting-plugin-for-wordpress/vulnerability/wordpress-podlove-podcast-publisher-plugin-4-1-15-admin-remote-code-execution-rce-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/podlove-podcasting-plugin-for-wordpress/wordpress-podlove-podcast-publisher-plugin-4-1-15-admin-remote-code-execution-rce-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-X7HH-CW6H-X3Q4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 04:39 – Updated: 2022-05-17 04:39jmx-remoting.sar in JBoss Remoting, as used in Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform (JEAP) 5.2.0, Red Hat JBoss BRMS 5.3.1, Red Hat JBoss Portal Platform 5.2.2, and Red Hat JBoss SOA Platform 5.3.1, does not properly implement the JSR 160 specification, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via unspecified vectors.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2014-3518"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2014-07-22T20:55:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "jmx-remoting.sar in JBoss Remoting, as used in Red Hat JBoss Enterprise Application Platform (JEAP) 5.2.0, Red Hat JBoss BRMS 5.3.1, Red Hat JBoss Portal Platform 5.2.2, and Red Hat JBoss SOA Platform 5.3.1, does not properly implement the JSR 160 specification, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via unspecified vectors.",
"id": "GHSA-x7hh-cw6h-x3q4",
"modified": "2022-05-17T04:39:23Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T04:39:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2014-3518"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2014-0887.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-X7HR-W5R2-H6WG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-03-03 09:30 – Updated: 2025-06-30 12:51Prism (aka PrismJS) through 1.29.0 allows DOM Clobbering (with resultant XSS for untrusted input that contains HTML but does not directly contain JavaScript), because document.currentScript lookup can be shadowed by attacker-injected HTML elements.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "prismjs"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.30.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-53382"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-79",
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2025-03-03T20:16:32Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2025-03-03T07:15:33Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Prism (aka PrismJS) through 1.29.0 allows DOM Clobbering (with resultant XSS for untrusted input that contains HTML but does not directly contain JavaScript), because document.currentScript lookup can be shadowed by attacker-injected HTML elements.",
"id": "GHSA-x7hr-w5r2-h6wg",
"modified": "2025-06-30T12:51:19Z",
"published": "2025-03-03T09:30:34Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-53382"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/PrismJS/prism/pull/3863"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/PrismJS/prism/commit/8e8b9352dac64457194dd9e51096b4772532e53d"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gist.github.com/jackfromeast/aeb128e44f05f95828a1a824708df660"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/PrismJS/prism"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/PrismJS/prism/blob/59e5a3471377057de1f401ba38337aca27b80e03/prism.js#L226-L259"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "PrismJS DOM Clobbering vulnerability"
}
GHSA-X7J4-857J-395W
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-01 18:41 – Updated: 2022-05-01 18:41PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in blocks/block_site_map.php in ViArt (1) CMS 3.3.2, (2) HelpDesk 3.3.2, (3) Shop Evaluation 3.3.2, and (4) Shop Free 3.3.2 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the root_folder_path parameter. NOTE: some of these details are obtained from third party information.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2007-6347"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2007-12-13T22:46:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in blocks/block_site_map.php in ViArt (1) CMS 3.3.2, (2) HelpDesk 3.3.2, (3) Shop Evaluation 3.3.2, and (4) Shop Free 3.3.2 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the root_folder_path parameter. NOTE: some of these details are obtained from third party information.",
"id": "GHSA-x7j4-857j-395w",
"modified": "2022-05-01T18:41:59Z",
"published": "2022-05-01T18:41:59Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2007-6347"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/38993"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/4722"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://osvdb.org/42628"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/28066"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/26828"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2007/4207"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-X7M9-MWC2-G6W2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-18 17:23 – Updated: 2026-06-09 10:32Impact
- Unauthenticated users could submit crafted values into Hidden fields (with Default value → Custom) that were evaluated as Twig during submission handling, which could lead to serious compromise of the Craft site (depending on template/sandbox behavior).
- Sites with public Formie forms that include at least one Hidden field with that configuration.
- No CP login for the reported chain.
Patches
Workarounds
- Temporarily remove Hidden fields from public forms or switch Hidden default away from Custom where feasible
- Otherwise, upgrade to patched versions
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "verbb/formie"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "3.0.0-beta.1"
},
{
"fixed": "3.1.24"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "verbb/formie"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.2.20"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-45697"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1336",
"CWE-693",
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-05-18T17:23:39Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-05-29T20:16:27Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "### Impact\n- Unauthenticated users could submit crafted values into Hidden fields (with Default value \u2192 Custom) that were evaluated as Twig during submission handling, which could lead to serious compromise of the Craft site (depending on template/sandbox behavior).\n- Sites with public Formie forms that include at least one Hidden field with that configuration.\n- No CP login for the reported chain.\n\n### Patches\n- [2.2.20](https://github.com/verbb/formie/releases/tag/2.2.20), [3.1.24](https://github.com/verbb/formie/releases/tag/3.1.24)\n\n### Workarounds\n- Temporarily remove Hidden fields from public forms or switch Hidden default away from Custom where feasible\n- Otherwise, upgrade to patched versions",
"id": "GHSA-x7m9-mwc2-g6w2",
"modified": "2026-06-09T10:32:38Z",
"published": "2026-05-18T17:23:39Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/verbb/formie/security/advisories/GHSA-x7m9-mwc2-g6w2"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-45697"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/verbb/formie/commit/f690d5623163ce2a95da305238d6367575486ee3"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/verbb/formie"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/verbb/formie/releases/tag/2.2.20"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/verbb/formie/releases/tag/3.1.24"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Formie: Pre-authenticated server-side template injection in Hidden fields"
}
GHSA-X7P7-8C27-HJGQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-01 18:32 – Updated: 2022-05-01 18:32PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in admin.wmtportfolio.php in the webmaster-tips.net wmtportfolio 1.0 (com_wmtportfolio) component for Joomla! allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the mosConfig_absolute_path parameter.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2007-5310"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2007-10-09T21:17:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in admin.wmtportfolio.php in the webmaster-tips.net wmtportfolio 1.0 (com_wmtportfolio) component for Joomla! allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the mosConfig_absolute_path parameter.",
"id": "GHSA-x7p7-8c27-hjgq",
"modified": "2022-05-01T18:32:14Z",
"published": "2022-05-01T18:32:14Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2007-5310"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/36993"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/4497"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://osvdb.org/38644"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/25959"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-X7PM-C993-32CR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-01 18:30 – Updated: 2024-03-21 03:32** DISPUTED ** PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in htmls/forum/includes/topic_review.php in UniversiBO 1.3.4 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the phpbb_root_path parameter. NOTE: this issue is disputed by CVE because the applicable include is in a function that is not called on a direct request.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2007-5164"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2007-10-01T05:17:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "** DISPUTED ** PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in htmls/forum/includes/topic_review.php in UniversiBO 1.3.4 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the phpbb_root_path parameter. NOTE: this issue is disputed by CVE because the applicable include is in a function that is not called on a direct request.",
"id": "GHSA-x7pm-c993-32cr",
"modified": "2024-03-21T03:32:58Z",
"published": "2022-05-01T18:30:38Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2007-5164"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://arfis.wordpress.com/2007/09/14/rfi-02-universibo"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://osvdb.org/39639"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-X7Q6-8P3J-GWJM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:25 – Updated: 2022-10-06 00:00SAP NetWeaver (ABAP Server) and ABAP Platform, versions - 700, 701, 702, 710, 711, 730, 731, 740, 750, 751, 753, 755, allows an attacker to inject code that can be executed by the application, leading to Code Injection. An attacker could thereby control the behavior of the application.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-6296"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-08-12T14:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "SAP NetWeaver (ABAP Server) and ABAP Platform, versions - 700, 701, 702, 710, 711, 730, 731, 740, 750, 751, 753, 755, allows an attacker to inject code that can be executed by the application, leading to Code Injection. An attacker could thereby control the behavior of the application.",
"id": "GHSA-x7q6-8p3j-gwjm",
"modified": "2022-10-06T00:00:57Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:25:26Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-6296"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://launchpad.support.sap.com/#/notes/2941667"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://wiki.scn.sap.com/wiki/pages/viewpage.action?pageId=552603345"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-X7QX-QQFV-F6QW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 02:44 – Updated: 2025-04-11 03:38Opera before 10.61 does not properly suppress clicks on download dialogs that became visible after a recent tab change, which allows remote attackers to conduct clickjacking attacks, and consequently execute arbitrary code, via vectors involving (1) closing a tab or (2) hiding a tab, a related issue to CVE-2005-2407.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2010-2576"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2010-08-16T18:39:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Opera before 10.61 does not properly suppress clicks on download dialogs that became visible after a recent tab change, which allows remote attackers to conduct clickjacking attacks, and consequently execute arbitrary code, via vectors involving (1) closing a tab or (2) hiding a tab, a related issue to CVE-2005-2407.",
"id": "GHSA-x7qx-qqfv-f6qw",
"modified": "2025-04-11T03:38:10Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T02:44:09Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2010-2576"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://oval.cisecurity.org/repository/search/definition/oval%3Aorg.mitre.oval%3Adef%3A12084"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/secunia_research/2010-110"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.opera.com/docs/changelogs/mac/1061"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.opera.com/docs/changelogs/unix/1061"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.opera.com/docs/changelogs/windows/1061"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.opera.com/support/kb/view/967"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/513040/100/0/threaded"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-X7RQ-J53W-9X9X
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 04:55 – Updated: 2025-04-11 04:17The Updater in Rackspace Openstack Windows Guest Agent for XenServer before 1.2.6.0 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted serialized .NET object to TCP port 1984, which triggers the download and extraction of a ZIP file that overwrites the Agent service binary.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2013-6795"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2013-12-24T18:55:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The Updater in Rackspace Openstack Windows Guest Agent for XenServer before 1.2.6.0 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted serialized .NET object to TCP port 1984, which triggers the download and extraction of a ZIP file that overwrites the Agent service binary.",
"id": "GHSA-x7rq-j53w-9x9x",
"modified": "2025-04-11T04:17:25Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T04:55:58Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2013-6795"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/rackerlabs/openstack-guest-agents-windows-xenserver/commit/ef16f88f20254b8083e361f11707da25f8482401"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/rackerlabs/openstack-guest-agents-windows-xenserver/releases/tag/1.2.6.0"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://archives.neohapsis.com/archives/bugtraq/2013-11/0122.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://blog.cloudpassage.com/2013/11/18/cve-2013-6795-vulnerability-rackspace-windows-agent-updater"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://osvdb.org/100191"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/124153/Rackspace-Windows-Agent-Updater-Arbitrary-Code-Execution.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/55775"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
Mitigation
Strategy: Refactoring
Refactor your program so that you do not have to dynamically generate code.
Mitigation
- Run your code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which code can be executed by your product.
- Examples include the Unix chroot jail and AppArmor. In general, managed code may provide some protection.
- This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of your application may still be subject to compromise.
- Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
Mitigation MIT-5
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- To reduce the likelihood of code injection, use stringent allowlists that limit which constructs are allowed. If you are dynamically constructing code that invokes a function, then verifying that the input is alphanumeric might be insufficient. An attacker might still be able to reference a dangerous function that you did not intend to allow, such as system(), exec(), or exit().
Mitigation
Use dynamic tools and techniques that interact with the product using large test suites with many diverse inputs, such as fuzz testing (fuzzing), robustness testing, and fault injection. The product's operation may slow down, but it should not become unstable, crash, or generate incorrect results.
Mitigation MIT-32
Strategy: Compilation or Build Hardening
Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
Mitigation MIT-32
Strategy: Environment Hardening
Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
Mitigation
For Python programs, it is frequently encouraged to use the ast.literal_eval() function instead of eval, since it is intentionally designed to avoid executing code. However, an adversary could still cause excessive memory or stack consumption via deeply nested structures [REF-1372], so the python documentation discourages use of ast.literal_eval() on untrusted data [REF-1373].
CAPEC-242: Code Injection
An adversary exploits a weakness in input validation on the target to inject new code into that which is currently executing. This differs from code inclusion in that code inclusion involves the addition or replacement of a reference to a code file, which is subsequently loaded by the target and used as part of the code of some application.
CAPEC-35: Leverage Executable Code in Non-Executable Files
An attack of this type exploits a system's trust in configuration and resource files. When the executable loads the resource (such as an image file or configuration file) the attacker has modified the file to either execute malicious code directly or manipulate the target process (e.g. application server) to execute based on the malicious configuration parameters. Since systems are increasingly interrelated mashing up resources from local and remote sources the possibility of this attack occurring is high.
CAPEC-77: Manipulating User-Controlled Variables
This attack targets user controlled variables (DEBUG=1, PHP Globals, and So Forth). An adversary can override variables leveraging user-supplied, untrusted query variables directly used on the application server without any data sanitization. In extreme cases, the adversary can change variables controlling the business logic of the application. For instance, in languages like PHP, a number of poorly set default configurations may allow the user to override variables.