Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-94

Allowed-with-Review

Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product constructs all or part of a code segment using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the syntax or behavior of the intended code segment.

8317 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-V94R-V95M-FW6M

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-28 15:30 – Updated: 2026-04-01 18:35
VLAI
Details

Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection') vulnerability in extremeidea bidorbuy Store Integrator allows Remote Code Inclusion. This issue affects bidorbuy Store Integrator: from n/a through 2.12.0.

Severity
9.1 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-48100"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-94"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-08-28T13:15:36Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Improper Control of Generation of Code (\u0027Code Injection\u0027) vulnerability in extremeidea bidorbuy Store Integrator allows Remote Code Inclusion. This issue affects bidorbuy Store Integrator: from n/a through 2.12.0.",
  "id": "GHSA-v94r-v95m-fw6m",
  "modified": "2026-04-01T18:35:58Z",
  "published": "2025-08-28T15:30:40Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-48100"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/bidorbuystoreintegrator/vulnerability/wordpress-bidorbuy-store-integrator-plugin-2-10-0-remote-code-execution-rce-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-V99X-P35M-244M

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 02:13 – Updated: 2022-05-14 02:13
VLAI
Details

Comodo Internet Security before 5.10.228257.2253 on Windows 7 x64 allows local users to cause a denial of service (system crash) via a crafted 32-bit Portable Executable (PE) file with a kernel ImageBase value.

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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2012-2273"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-94"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2012-04-20T04:02:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Comodo Internet Security before 5.10.228257.2253 on Windows 7 x64 allows local users to cause a denial of service (system crash) via a crafted 32-bit Portable Executable (PE) file with a kernel ImageBase value.",
  "id": "GHSA-v99x-p35m-244m",
  "modified": "2022-05-14T02:13:36Z",
  "published": "2022-05-14T02:13:36Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2012-2273"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://archives.neohapsis.com/archives/bugtraq/2012-04/0139.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/48928"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.comodo.com/home/download/release-notes.php?p=anti-malware"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/53163"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id?1026982"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-V9GF-PP25-FR4X

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 05:43 – Updated: 2022-05-17 05:43
VLAI
Details

cgi-bin/read.cgi in WebSCADA WS100 and WS200, Easy Connect EC150, Modbus RTU - TCP Gateway MB100, and Serial Ethernet Server SS100 on the IntelliCom NetBiter NB100 and NB200 platforms allows remote authenticated administrators to execute arbitrary code by using a config.html 2.conf action to replace the logo page's GIF image file with a file containing this code, a different vulnerability than CVE-2009-4463.

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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2010-4732"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-94"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2011-02-15T01:00:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "cgi-bin/read.cgi in WebSCADA WS100 and WS200, Easy Connect EC150, Modbus RTU - TCP Gateway MB100, and Serial Ethernet Server SS100 on the IntelliCom NetBiter NB100 and NB200 platforms allows remote authenticated administrators to execute arbitrary code by using a config.html 2.conf action to replace the logo page\u0027s GIF image file with a file containing this code, a different vulnerability than CVE-2009-4463.",
  "id": "GHSA-v9gf-pp25-fr4x",
  "modified": "2022-05-17T05:43:44Z",
  "published": "2022-05-17T05:43:44Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2010-4732"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://archives.neohapsis.com/archives/bugtraq/2010-10/0002.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/114560"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.us-cert.gov/control_systems/pdf/ICSA-10-316-01A.pdf"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-V9H3-MQGC-W575

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 04:44 – Updated: 2025-04-12 12:33
VLAI
Details

GitLab 5.0 before 5.4.2, Community Edition before 6.2.4, Enterprise Edition before 6.2.1 and gitlab-shell before 1.7.8 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted change using SSH.

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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2013-4581"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-94"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2014-05-12T14:55:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "GitLab 5.0 before 5.4.2, Community Edition before 6.2.4, Enterprise Edition before 6.2.1 and gitlab-shell before 1.7.8 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted change using SSH.",
  "id": "GHSA-v9h3-mqgc-w575",
  "modified": "2025-04-12T12:33:35Z",
  "published": "2022-05-17T04:44:25Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2013-4581"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.gitlab.com/2013/11/14/multiple-critical-vulnerabilities-in-gitlab"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2013/11/15/4"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-V9VV-8XCQ-RPQG

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-10-18 00:31 – Updated: 2024-10-21 00:30
VLAI
Details

An issue in MYSQL MariaDB v.11.1 allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code via the lib_mysqludf_sys.so function.

Severity
5.7 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:L
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-27766"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-94"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-10-17T22:15:02Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "An issue in MYSQL MariaDB v.11.1 allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code via the lib_mysqludf_sys.so function.",
  "id": "GHSA-v9vv-8xcq-rpqg",
  "modified": "2024-10-21T00:30:54Z",
  "published": "2024-10-18T00:31:16Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-27766"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/Ant1sec-ops/CVE-2024-27766"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2012/Dec/39"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-V9XM-VJQ4-6R8Q

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-07-16 15:30 – Updated: 2025-03-14 09:34
VLAI
Details

A flaw was found in the GTK library. Under certain conditions, it is possible for a library to be injected into a GTK application from the current working directory.

Severity
7.0 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-6655"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-94"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-07-16T15:15:12Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A flaw was found in the GTK library. Under certain conditions, it is possible for a library to be injected into a GTK application from the current working directory.",
  "id": "GHSA-v9xm-vjq4-6r8q",
  "modified": "2025-03-14T09:34:06Z",
  "published": "2024-07-16T15:30:50Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-6655"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:6963"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2024:9184"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2024-6655"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2297098"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/gtk/-/merge_requests/7361/diffs?commit_id=3bbf0b6176d42836d23c36a6ac410e807ec0a7a7#diff-content-e3fbe6480add9420b69f82374fb26ccac2c015a0"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2024/09/09/1"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2024/09/09/1"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-VC2C-9GP5-2P2Q

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 04:58 – Updated: 2022-05-17 04:58
VLAI
Details

NAS4Free 9.1.0.1.804 and earlier allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary PHP code via a request to exec.php, aka the "Advanced | Execute Command" feature. NOTE: this issue might not be a vulnerability, since it appears to be part of legitimate, intentionally-exposed functionality by the developer and is allowed within the intended security policy.

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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2013-3631"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-94"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2013-11-02T19:55:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "NAS4Free 9.1.0.1.804 and earlier allows remote authenticated users to execute arbitrary PHP code via a request to exec.php, aka the \"Advanced | Execute Command\" feature.  NOTE: this issue might not be a vulnerability, since it appears to be part of legitimate, intentionally-exposed functionality by the developer and is allowed within the intended security policy.",
  "id": "GHSA-vc2c-9gp5-2p2q",
  "modified": "2022-05-17T04:58:35Z",
  "published": "2022-05-17T04:58:35Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2013-3631"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://community.rapid7.com/community/metasploit/blog/2013/10/30/seven-tricks-and-treats"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/326830"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-VC3Q-W6JG-XCPJ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-01 18:36 – Updated: 2026-04-01 21:30
VLAI
Details

An issue was discovered in DedeCMS 5.7.118 allowing attackers to execute code via crafted setup tag values in a module upload.

Severity
9.8 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-30643"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-94"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-04-01T17:28:39Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "An issue was discovered in DedeCMS 5.7.118 allowing attackers to execute code via crafted setup tag values in a module upload.",
  "id": "GHSA-vc3q-w6jg-xcpj",
  "modified": "2026-04-01T21:30:30Z",
  "published": "2026-04-01T18:36:38Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-30643"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://gist.github.com/0psPwn/10c43912adee9bfe2ff4fec947d4ee5a"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.dedecms.com"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-VC46-5PXM-FXFC

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-01 23:36 – Updated: 2022-05-01 23:36
VLAI
Details

PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in lib/head_auth.php in GROUP-E 1.6.41 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the CFG[PREPEND_FILE] parameter.

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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2008-1074"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-94"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2008-02-29T00:44:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in lib/head_auth.php in GROUP-E 1.6.41 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the CFG[PREPEND_FILE] parameter.",
  "id": "GHSA-vc46-5pxm-fxfc",
  "modified": "2022-05-01T23:36:24Z",
  "published": "2022-05-01T23:36:24Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2008-1074"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/5197"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/29134"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://sourceforge.net/project/shownotes.php?group_id=196032\u0026release_id=581434"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/28024"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2008/0766"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-VC46-VW85-3WVM

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-10 19:32 – Updated: 2026-04-14 21:54
VLAI
Summary
PraisonAI has critical RCE via `type: job` workflow YAML
Details

praisonai workflow run <file.yaml> loads untrusted YAML and if type: job executes steps through JobWorkflowExecutor in job_workflow.py.

This supports: - run: → shell command execution via subprocess.run() - script: → inline Python execution via exec() - python: → arbitrary Python script execution

A malicious YAML file can execute arbitrary host commands.

Affected Code

  • workflow.py → action_run()
  • job_workflow.py → _exec_shell(), _exec_inline_python(), _exec_python_script()

PoC

Create exploit.yaml:

type: job
name: exploit
steps:
  - name: write-file
    run: python -c "open('pwned.txt','w').write('owned')"

Run:

praisonai workflow run exploit.yaml

Reproduction Steps

  1. Save the YAML above as exploit.yaml.
  2. Execute praisonai workflow run exploit.yaml.
  3. Confirm pwned.txt appears in the working directory.

Impact

Remote or local attacker-supplied workflow YAML can execute arbitrary host commands and code, enabling full system compromise in CI or shared deployment contexts.

Reporter: Lakshmikanthan K (letchupkt)

Severity
9.8 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 1.5.139"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "praisonaiagents"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.5.140"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 4.5.138"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "PraisonAI"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "4.5.139"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-40288"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-78",
      "CWE-94"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-04-10T19:32:48Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-04-14T04:17:12Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "`praisonai workflow run \u003cfile.yaml\u003e` loads untrusted YAML and if `type: job` executes steps through `JobWorkflowExecutor` in job_workflow.py.\n\nThis supports:\n- `run:` \u2192 shell command execution via `subprocess.run()`\n- `script:` \u2192 inline Python execution via `exec()`\n- `python:` \u2192 arbitrary Python script execution\n\nA malicious YAML file can execute arbitrary host commands.\n\n### Affected Code\n- workflow.py \u2192 `action_run()`\n- job_workflow.py \u2192 `_exec_shell()`, `_exec_inline_python()`, `_exec_python_script()`\n\n### PoC\nCreate `exploit.yaml`:\n\n```yaml\ntype: job\nname: exploit\nsteps:\n  - name: write-file\n    run: python -c \"open(\u0027pwned.txt\u0027,\u0027w\u0027).write(\u0027owned\u0027)\"\n```\n\nRun:\n\n```bash\npraisonai workflow run exploit.yaml\n```\n\n### Reproduction Steps\n1. Save the YAML above as `exploit.yaml`.\n2. Execute `praisonai workflow run exploit.yaml`.\n3. Confirm `pwned.txt` appears in the working directory.\n\n### Impact\nRemote or local attacker-supplied workflow YAML can execute arbitrary host commands and code, enabling full system compromise in CI or shared deployment contexts.\n\n**Reporter:** Lakshmikanthan K (letchupkt)",
  "id": "GHSA-vc46-vw85-3wvm",
  "modified": "2026-04-14T21:54:30Z",
  "published": "2026-04-10T19:32:48Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/MervinPraison/PraisonAI/security/advisories/GHSA-vc46-vw85-3wvm"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-40288"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/MervinPraison/PraisonAI"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/MervinPraison/PraisonAI/releases/tag/v4.5.139"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "PraisonAI has critical RCE via `type: job` workflow YAML"
}
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Refactoring

Refactor your program so that you do not have to dynamically generate code.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • Run your code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which code can be executed by your product.
  • Examples include the Unix chroot jail and AppArmor. In general, managed code may provide some protection.
  • This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of your application may still be subject to compromise.
  • Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

  • Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
  • When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
  • Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
  • To reduce the likelihood of code injection, use stringent allowlists that limit which constructs are allowed. If you are dynamically constructing code that invokes a function, then verifying that the input is alphanumeric might be insufficient. An attacker might still be able to reference a dangerous function that you did not intend to allow, such as system(), exec(), or exit().
Mitigation
Testing

Use dynamic tools and techniques that interact with the product using large test suites with many diverse inputs, such as fuzz testing (fuzzing), robustness testing, and fault injection. The product's operation may slow down, but it should not become unstable, crash, or generate incorrect results.

Mitigation MIT-32
Operation

Strategy: Compilation or Build Hardening

Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).

Mitigation MIT-32
Operation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).

Mitigation
Implementation

For Python programs, it is frequently encouraged to use the ast.literal_eval() function instead of eval, since it is intentionally designed to avoid executing code. However, an adversary could still cause excessive memory or stack consumption via deeply nested structures [REF-1372], so the python documentation discourages use of ast.literal_eval() on untrusted data [REF-1373].

CAPEC-242: Code Injection

An adversary exploits a weakness in input validation on the target to inject new code into that which is currently executing. This differs from code inclusion in that code inclusion involves the addition or replacement of a reference to a code file, which is subsequently loaded by the target and used as part of the code of some application.

CAPEC-35: Leverage Executable Code in Non-Executable Files

An attack of this type exploits a system's trust in configuration and resource files. When the executable loads the resource (such as an image file or configuration file) the attacker has modified the file to either execute malicious code directly or manipulate the target process (e.g. application server) to execute based on the malicious configuration parameters. Since systems are increasingly interrelated mashing up resources from local and remote sources the possibility of this attack occurring is high.

CAPEC-77: Manipulating User-Controlled Variables

This attack targets user controlled variables (DEBUG=1, PHP Globals, and So Forth). An adversary can override variables leveraging user-supplied, untrusted query variables directly used on the application server without any data sanitization. In extreme cases, the adversary can change variables controlling the business logic of the application. For instance, in languages like PHP, a number of poorly set default configurations may allow the user to override variables.

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