Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-94

Allowed-with-Review

Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

The product constructs all or part of a code segment using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the syntax or behavior of the intended code segment.

8339 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-QPCG-8MGQ-66PR

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-04 00:29 – Updated: 2022-05-04 00:29
VLAI
Details

CRLF injection vulnerability in Cogent DataHub 7.1.2 and earlier, Cascade DataHub 6.4.20 and earlier, and OPC DataHub 6.4.20 and earlier allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary HTTP headers and conduct HTTP response splitting attacks via unspecified vectors.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2012-0310"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-94"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2012-01-13T04:14:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "CRLF injection vulnerability in Cogent DataHub 7.1.2 and earlier, Cascade DataHub 6.4.20 and earlier, and OPC DataHub 6.4.20 and earlier allows remote attackers to inject arbitrary HTTP headers and conduct HTTP response splitting attacks via unspecified vectors.",
  "id": "GHSA-qpcg-8mgq-66pr",
  "modified": "2022-05-04T00:29:17Z",
  "published": "2022-05-04T00:29:17Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2012-0310"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/72306"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://jvn.jp/en/jp/JVN63249231/index.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://jvndb.jvn.jp/jvndb/JVNDB-2012-000002"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/47496"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/47525"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.cogentdatahub.com/ReleaseNotes.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/51375"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.us-cert.gov/control_systems/pdf/ICSA-12-016-01.pdf"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-QPFX-F2PV-5C24

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-01 23:35 – Updated: 2022-05-01 23:35
VLAI
Details

Microsoft Windows Vista does not properly enforce the NoDriveTypeAutoRun registry value, which allows user-assisted remote attackers, and possibly physically proximate attackers, to execute arbitrary code by inserting a (1) CD-ROM device or (2) U3-enabled USB device containing a filesystem with an Autorun.inf file, and possibly other vectors related to (a) AutoRun and (b) AutoPlay actions.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2008-0951"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-94"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2008-03-24T22:44:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Microsoft Windows Vista does not properly enforce the NoDriveTypeAutoRun registry value, which allows user-assisted remote attackers, and possibly physically proximate attackers, to execute arbitrary code by inserting a (1) CD-ROM device or (2) U3-enabled USB device containing a filesystem with an Autorun.inf file, and possibly other vectors related to (a) AutoRun and (b) AutoPlay actions.",
  "id": "GHSA-qpfx-f2pv-5c24",
  "modified": "2022-05-01T23:35:03Z",
  "published": "2022-05-01T23:35:03Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2008-0951"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/security-updates/securitybulletins/2008/ms08-038"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/41349"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/29458"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/889747"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/28360"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id?1020446"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2008/0954/references"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-QPGR-MP84-GP92

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:02 – Updated: 2025-12-08 18:30
VLAI
Details

ThinkPHP before 3.2.4, as used in Open Source BMS v1.1.1 and other products, allows Remote Command Execution via public//?s=index/\think\app/invokefunction&function=call_user_func_array&vars[0]=system&vars[1][]= followed by the command.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-9082"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-306",
      "CWE-94"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-02-24T18:29:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "ThinkPHP before 3.2.4, as used in Open Source BMS v1.1.1 and other products, allows Remote Command Execution via public//?s=index/\\think\\app/invokefunction\u0026function=call_user_func_array\u0026vars[0]=system\u0026vars[1][]= followed by the command.",
  "id": "GHSA-qpgr-mp84-gp92",
  "modified": "2025-12-08T18:30:24Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:02:54Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-9082"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/xiayulei/open_source_bms/issues/33"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2019-9082"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/46488"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/151967/zzzphp-CMS-1.6.1-Cross-Site-Request-Forgery.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/157218/ThinkPHP-5.0.23-Remote-Code-Execution.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-QPJ8-6R97-QXQ6

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-11 21:31 – Updated: 2024-11-12 18:30
VLAI
Details

The Ikhgur mn.ikhgur.khotoch (aka Video Downloader Pro & Browser) application through 1.0.42 for Android allows an attacker to execute arbitrary JavaScript code via the mn.ikhgur.khotoch.MainActivity component.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-46966"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-94"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-11-11T21:15:06Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "The Ikhgur mn.ikhgur.khotoch (aka Video Downloader Pro \u0026 Browser) application through 1.0.42 for Android allows an attacker to execute arbitrary JavaScript code via the mn.ikhgur.khotoch.MainActivity component.",
  "id": "GHSA-qpj8-6r97-qxq6",
  "modified": "2024-11-12T18:30:52Z",
  "published": "2024-11-11T21:31:49Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-46966"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/actuator/mn.ikhgur.khotoch/blob/main/CVE-2024-46966"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=mn.ikhgur.khotoch"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-QPQ9-HWX9-CWGC

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-15 12:32 – Updated: 2026-07-15 12:32
VLAI
Details

PraisonAI before 4.6.78 fails to safely encode deployment configuration values when generating Python source code for API servers. Attackers can inject arbitrary Python expressions through the deploy.api.host and agents_file configuration parameters that execute when the generated server starts or handles requests.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-61433"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-94"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-07-15T12:18:18Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "PraisonAI before 4.6.78 fails to safely encode deployment configuration values when generating Python source code for API servers. Attackers can inject arbitrary Python expressions through the deploy.api.host and agents_file configuration parameters that execute when the generated server starts or handles requests.",
  "id": "GHSA-qpq9-hwx9-cwgc",
  "modified": "2026-07-15T12:32:03Z",
  "published": "2026-07-15T12:32:03Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/MervinPraison/PraisonAI/security/advisories/GHSA-79fv-7hq9-w7xg"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-61433"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/MervinPraison/PraisonAI/commit/1620b49f36945d8cc8ee5635b906c960df5097a0"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/praisonai-before-code-injection-via-api-deployment-generator"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-QPR4-W3RC-M373

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-10-29 18:30 – Updated: 2024-11-27 21:32
VLAI
Details

ServiceNow has addressed an input validation vulnerability that was identified in the Now Platform. This vulnerability could enable an unauthenticated user to remotely execute code within the context of the Now Platform. ServiceNow deployed an update to hosted instances and ServiceNow provided the update to our partners and self-hosted customers. Further, the vulnerability is addressed in the listed patches and hot fixes.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-8923"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-94"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-10-29T16:15:06Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "ServiceNow has addressed an input validation vulnerability that was identified in the Now Platform. This vulnerability could enable an unauthenticated user to remotely execute code within the context of the Now Platform.\u00a0ServiceNow deployed an update to hosted instances and ServiceNow provided the update to our partners and self-hosted customers.\u00a0Further, the vulnerability is addressed in the listed patches and hot fixes.",
  "id": "GHSA-qpr4-w3rc-m373",
  "modified": "2024-11-27T21:32:43Z",
  "published": "2024-10-29T18:30:36Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-8923"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.servicenow.com/kb?id=kb_article_view\u0026sysparm_article=KB1706070"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-QPR7-WMFW-R5CR

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-05 15:30 – Updated: 2025-08-05 18:30
VLAI
Details

An issue in thinkphp3 v.3.2.5 allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code via the index.php component

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-50707"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-94"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-08-05T15:15:30Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "An issue in thinkphp3 v.3.2.5 allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code via the index.php component",
  "id": "GHSA-qpr7-wmfw-r5cr",
  "modified": "2025-08-05T18:30:43Z",
  "published": "2025-08-05T15:30:54Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-50707"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://xinyisleep.github.io/2024-07-15/Thinkphp3.%E6%96%87%E4%BB%B6%E5%8C%85%E5%90%AB-CNVD-2024-39045"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://xinyisleep.github.io/CVE-2025-50707.md"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-QPXW-XX5G-34GG

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-02 06:20 – Updated: 2022-05-02 06:20
VLAI
Details

Mozilla Firefox 3.6.x before 3.6.7 and Thunderbird 3.1.x before 3.1.1 do not properly implement access to a content object through a SafeJSObjectWrapper (aka SJOW) wrapper, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary JavaScript code with chrome privileges by leveraging "access to an object from the chrome scope."

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2010-1215"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-94"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2010-07-30T20:30:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Mozilla Firefox 3.6.x before 3.6.7 and Thunderbird 3.1.x before 3.1.1 do not properly implement access to a content object through a SafeJSObjectWrapper (aka SJOW) wrapper, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary JavaScript code with chrome privileges by leveraging \"access to an object from the chrome scope.\"",
  "id": "GHSA-qpxw-xx5g-34gg",
  "modified": "2022-05-02T06:20:13Z",
  "published": "2022-05-02T06:20:13Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2010-1215"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=567069"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://oval.cisecurity.org/repository/search/definition/oval%3Aorg.mitre.oval%3Adef%3A11527"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.mozilla.org/security/announce/2010/mfsa2010-38.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-QQ2H-777W-7RG7

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-02 03:42 – Updated: 2022-05-02 03:42
VLAI
Details

Microsoft Office Excel 2002 SP3, 2003 SP3, and 2007 SP1 and SP2; Office 2004 and 2008 for Mac; Open XML File Format Converter for Mac; Office Excel Viewer 2003 SP3; Office Excel Viewer SP1 and SP2; and Office Compatibility Pack for Word, Excel, and PowerPoint 2007 File Formats SP1 and SP2 do not properly parse the Excel file format, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a spreadsheet with a malformed record object, aka "Excel Field Sanitization Vulnerability."

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2009-3134"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-94"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2009-11-11T20:30:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Microsoft Office Excel 2002 SP3, 2003 SP3, and 2007 SP1 and SP2; Office 2004 and 2008 for Mac; Open XML File Format Converter for Mac; Office Excel Viewer 2003 SP3; Office Excel Viewer SP1 and SP2; and Office Compatibility Pack for Word, Excel, and PowerPoint 2007 File Formats SP1 and SP2 do not properly parse the Excel file format, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a spreadsheet with a malformed record object, aka \"Excel Field Sanitization Vulnerability.\"",
  "id": "GHSA-qq2h-777w-7rg7",
  "modified": "2022-05-02T03:42:07Z",
  "published": "2022-05-02T03:42:07Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2009-3134"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/security-updates/securitybulletins/2009/ms09-067"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://oval.cisecurity.org/repository/search/definition/oval%3Aorg.mitre.oval%3Adef%3A5878"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id?1023157"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.us-cert.gov/cas/techalerts/TA09-314A.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-QQ2V-Q6QR-P5VX

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-18 15:31 – Updated: 2026-02-18 15:31
VLAI
Details

NVIDIA NeMo Framework contains a vulnerability where an attacker could cause remote code execution. A successful exploit of this vulnerability might lead to code execution, denial of service, information disclosure, and data tampering.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-33251"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-94"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-02-18T14:16:03Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "NVIDIA NeMo Framework contains a vulnerability where an attacker could cause remote code execution. A successful exploit of this vulnerability might lead to code execution, denial of service, information disclosure, and data tampering.",
  "id": "GHSA-qq2v-q6qr-p5vx",
  "modified": "2026-02-18T15:31:25Z",
  "published": "2026-02-18T15:31:25Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-33251"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://nvidia.custhelp.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/5762"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-33251"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Refactoring

Refactor your program so that you do not have to dynamically generate code.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • Run your code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which code can be executed by your product.
  • Examples include the Unix chroot jail and AppArmor. In general, managed code may provide some protection.
  • This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of your application may still be subject to compromise.
  • Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

  • Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
  • When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
  • Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
  • To reduce the likelihood of code injection, use stringent allowlists that limit which constructs are allowed. If you are dynamically constructing code that invokes a function, then verifying that the input is alphanumeric might be insufficient. An attacker might still be able to reference a dangerous function that you did not intend to allow, such as system(), exec(), or exit().
Mitigation
Testing

Use dynamic tools and techniques that interact with the product using large test suites with many diverse inputs, such as fuzz testing (fuzzing), robustness testing, and fault injection. The product's operation may slow down, but it should not become unstable, crash, or generate incorrect results.

Mitigation MIT-32
Operation

Strategy: Compilation or Build Hardening

Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).

Mitigation MIT-32
Operation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).

Mitigation
Implementation

For Python programs, it is frequently encouraged to use the ast.literal_eval() function instead of eval, since it is intentionally designed to avoid executing code. However, an adversary could still cause excessive memory or stack consumption via deeply nested structures [REF-1372], so the python documentation discourages use of ast.literal_eval() on untrusted data [REF-1373].

CAPEC-242: Code Injection

An adversary exploits a weakness in input validation on the target to inject new code into that which is currently executing. This differs from code inclusion in that code inclusion involves the addition or replacement of a reference to a code file, which is subsequently loaded by the target and used as part of the code of some application.

CAPEC-35: Leverage Executable Code in Non-Executable Files

An attack of this type exploits a system's trust in configuration and resource files. When the executable loads the resource (such as an image file or configuration file) the attacker has modified the file to either execute malicious code directly or manipulate the target process (e.g. application server) to execute based on the malicious configuration parameters. Since systems are increasingly interrelated mashing up resources from local and remote sources the possibility of this attack occurring is high.

CAPEC-77: Manipulating User-Controlled Variables

This attack targets user controlled variables (DEBUG=1, PHP Globals, and So Forth). An adversary can override variables leveraging user-supplied, untrusted query variables directly used on the application server without any data sanitization. In extreme cases, the adversary can change variables controlling the business logic of the application. For instance, in languages like PHP, a number of poorly set default configurations may allow the user to override variables.