Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-94

Allowed-with-Review

Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

The product constructs all or part of a code segment using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the syntax or behavior of the intended code segment.

8301 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-MM7X-G274-JQHP

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-18 21:31 – Updated: 2025-12-18 21:31
VLAI
Details

Codigo Markdown Editor 1.0.1 contains a code execution vulnerability that allows attackers to run arbitrary system commands by crafting a malicious markdown file. Attackers can embed a video source with an onerror event that executes shell commands through Node.js child_process module when the file is opened.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-53940"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-94"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-12-18T20:15:52Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Codigo Markdown Editor 1.0.1 contains a code execution vulnerability that allows attackers to run arbitrary system commands by crafting a malicious markdown file. Attackers can embed a video source with an onerror event that executes shell commands through Node.js child_process module when the file is opened.",
  "id": "GHSA-mm7x-g274-jqhp",
  "modified": "2025-12-18T21:31:43Z",
  "published": "2025-12-18T21:31:43Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-53940"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/alfonzm/codigo-app"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/51432"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/codigo-markdown-editor-electron-arbitrary-code-execution-via-markdown-file"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-MM93-3HGX-48RJ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-06-12 03:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 04:43
VLAI
Details

Atos Unify OpenScape 4000 Assistant V10 R1 before V10 R1.42.0 and V10 R1.34.8 and Manager V10 R1 before V10 R1.42.0 and V10 R1.34.8 allow remote code execution by unauthenticated users, aka OSFOURK-24033.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-35034"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-94"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-06-12T02:15:48Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Atos Unify OpenScape 4000 Assistant V10 R1 before V10 R1.42.0 and V10 R1.34.8 and Manager V10 R1 before V10 R1.42.0 and V10 R1.34.8 allow remote code execution by unauthenticated users, aka OSFOURK-24033.",
  "id": "GHSA-mm93-3hgx-48rj",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T04:43:14Z",
  "published": "2023-06-12T03:30:17Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-35034"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://networks.unify.com/security/advisories/OBSO-2305-01.pdf"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.news.de/technik/856882353/unify-openscape-4000-gefaehrdet-it-sicherheitswarnung-vom-bsi-und-bug-report-bekannte-schwachstellen-und-sicherheitsluecken/1"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-MM9G-WFXQ-FXG2

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 02:34 – Updated: 2022-05-14 02:34
VLAI
Details

Microsoft Internet Explorer 8 through 10 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka "Internet Explorer Memory Corruption Vulnerability," a different vulnerability than CVE-2013-3144 and CVE-2013-3163.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2013-3151"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-94"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2013-07-10T03:46:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Microsoft Internet Explorer 8 through 10 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a crafted web site, aka \"Internet Explorer Memory Corruption Vulnerability,\" a different vulnerability than CVE-2013-3144 and CVE-2013-3163.",
  "id": "GHSA-mm9g-wfxq-fxg2",
  "modified": "2022-05-14T02:34:12Z",
  "published": "2022-05-14T02:34:12Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2013-3151"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/security-updates/securitybulletins/2013/ms13-055"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://oval.cisecurity.org/repository/search/definition/oval%3Aorg.mitre.oval%3Adef%3A17088"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.us-cert.gov/ncas/alerts/TA13-190A"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-MMCF-56H8-QJ8F

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-01 18:39 – Updated: 2025-04-09 03:48
VLAI
Details

Multiple PHP remote file inclusion vulnerabilities in TalkBack 2.2.7 allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the (1) language_file parameter to (a) comments-display-tpl.php and (b) addons/separate-comments-mod/my-comments-display-tpl.php and the (2) config[comments_form_tpl] parameter to comments-display-tpl.php.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2007-6105"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-94"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2007-11-23T20:46:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Multiple PHP remote file inclusion vulnerabilities in TalkBack 2.2.7 allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the (1) language_file parameter to (a) comments-display-tpl.php and (b) addons/separate-comments-mod/my-comments-display-tpl.php and the (2) config[comments_form_tpl] parameter to comments-display-tpl.php.",
  "id": "GHSA-mmcf-56h8-qj8f",
  "modified": "2025-04-09T03:48:41Z",
  "published": "2022-05-01T18:39:35Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2007-6105"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/38596"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/38597"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/4640"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://osvdb.org/38815"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://osvdb.org/38816"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/27767"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.scripts.oldguy.us/forums/index.php/topic%2C290.0.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.scripts.oldguy.us/forums/index.php/topic,290.0.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/484045/100/0/threaded"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/485662/100/100/threaded"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/26520"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2007/3963"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-MMJ4-XG4V-P3XP

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-07-18 18:30 – Updated: 2025-02-13 18:31
VLAI
Details

AMI SPx contains a vulnerability in the BMC where a User may cause a improper control of generation of code by Dynamic Redfish Extension. A successful exploit of this vulnerability may lead to a loss of confidentiality, integrity, and availability. 

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-34330"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-94"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-07-18T18:15:12Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "AMI SPx contains a vulnerability in the BMC where a User may cause a improper control of generation of code by Dynamic Redfish Extension. A successful exploit of this vulnerability may lead to a loss of confidentiality, integrity, and availability.\u00a0",
  "id": "GHSA-mmj4-xg4v-p3xp",
  "modified": "2025-02-13T18:31:40Z",
  "published": "2023-07-18T18:30:36Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-34330"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://9443417.fs1.hubspotusercontent-na1.net/hubfs/9443417/Security%20Advisories/AMI-SA-2023006.pdf"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20230814-0004"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-MMPH-9CW2-F8R6

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-17 21:31 – Updated: 2026-07-17 21:31
VLAI
Details

IBM Langflow OSS 1.0.0 through 1.10.0 Langflow versions up to 1.9.2 (commit 94981c443d4918517b9e8163d70fc598dc33a32d) contain a code injection vulnerability in the Policies component's ToolGuard integration that bypasses the allow_custom_components=false security control. The vulnerability exists because the validation mechanism only checks the main component source code in node_template["code"]["value"] but fails to validate dynamic CodeInput fields that store generated ToolGuard Python files. Attackers can embed malicious Python code in these unvalidated dynamic fields, which are persisted in Flow.data and later executed server-side when a guarded tool is invoked through the ToolGuard runtime. This allows authenticated users with flow creation privileges to achieve arbitrary Python code execution on the backend despite custom component restrictions. The vulnerability can be escalated through cross-tenant flow manipulation via the agentic MCP update_flow_component_field tool, which accepts attacker-controlled user_id parameters, enabling attackers to inject malicious code into victim users' flows. When combined with publicly accessible flows and specific misconfigurations (AUTO_LOGIN=true, NEW_USER_IS_ACTIVE=true), the attack can be conducted with reduced authentication requirements.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-9135"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-94"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-07-17T19:17:19Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "IBM Langflow OSS 1.0.0 through 1.10.0 Langflow versions up to 1.9.2 (commit 94981c443d4918517b9e8163d70fc598dc33a32d) contain a code injection vulnerability in the Policies component\u0027s ToolGuard integration that bypasses the allow_custom_components=false security control. The vulnerability exists because the validation mechanism only checks the main component source code in node_template[\"code\"][\"value\"] but fails to validate dynamic CodeInput fields that store generated ToolGuard Python files. Attackers can embed malicious Python code in these unvalidated dynamic fields, which are persisted in Flow.data and later executed server-side when a guarded tool is invoked through the ToolGuard runtime. This allows authenticated users with flow creation privileges to achieve arbitrary Python code execution on the backend despite custom component restrictions. The vulnerability can be escalated through cross-tenant flow manipulation via the agentic MCP update_flow_component_field tool, which accepts attacker-controlled user_id parameters, enabling attackers to inject malicious code into victim users\u0027 flows. When combined with publicly accessible flows and specific misconfigurations (AUTO_LOGIN=true, NEW_USER_IS_ACTIVE=true), the attack can be conducted with reduced authentication requirements.",
  "id": "GHSA-mmph-9cw2-f8r6",
  "modified": "2026-07-17T21:31:43Z",
  "published": "2026-07-17T21:31:43Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-9135"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7278920"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-MMRC-CC78-9F9W

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-02-05 18:31 – Updated: 2024-02-08 00:32
VLAI
Details

Cross Site Request Forgery vulnerability in flusity-CMS v.2.33 allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code via the delete_post .php.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-24469"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-352",
      "CWE-94"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-02-05T16:15:55Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Cross Site Request Forgery vulnerability in flusity-CMS v.2.33 allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code via the delete_post .php.",
  "id": "GHSA-mmrc-cc78-9f9w",
  "modified": "2024-02-08T00:32:18Z",
  "published": "2024-02-05T18:31:37Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-24469"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/tang-0717/cms/blob/main/2.md"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-MMXC-5V3C-G7JC

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-04-13 09:30 – Updated: 2024-04-13 09:30
VLAI
Details

The WPC Smart Quick View for WooCommerce plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Stored Cross-Site Scripting via admin settings in all versions up to, and including, 4.0.2 due to insufficient input sanitization and output escaping. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with administrator-level permissions and above, to inject arbitrary web scripts in pages that will execute whenever a user accesses an injected page. This only affects multi-site installations and installations where unfiltered_html has been disabled.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-6494"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-79",
      "CWE-94"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-04-13T09:15:06Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The WPC Smart Quick View for WooCommerce plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Stored Cross-Site Scripting via admin settings in all versions up to, and including, 4.0.2 due to insufficient input sanitization and output escaping. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with administrator-level permissions and above, to inject arbitrary web scripts in pages that will execute whenever a user accesses an injected page. This only affects multi-site installations and installations where unfiltered_html has been disabled.",
  "id": "GHSA-mmxc-5v3c-g7jc",
  "modified": "2024-04-13T09:30:31Z",
  "published": "2024-04-13T09:30:31Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-6494"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail=\u0026reponame=\u0026old=3069323%40woo-smart-quick-view\u0026new=3069323%40woo-smart-quick-view\u0026sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail="
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/45ac52e1-9f0e-499e-9125-2581940f5bdd?source=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-MP55-9RJM-MHG4

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 02:11 – Updated: 2022-05-14 02:11
VLAI
Details

Google Chrome before 23.0.1271.97 does not properly handle history navigation, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (application crash) via unspecified vectors.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2012-5142"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-94"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2012-12-12T11:38:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Google Chrome before 23.0.1271.97 does not properly handle history navigation, which allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (application crash) via unspecified vectors.",
  "id": "GHSA-mp55-9rjm-mhg4",
  "modified": "2022-05-14T02:11:02Z",
  "published": "2022-05-14T02:11:02Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2012-5142"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://code.google.com/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=160803"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://oval.cisecurity.org/repository/search/definition/oval%3Aorg.mitre.oval%3Adef%3A16173"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://googlechromereleases.blogspot.com/2012/12/stable-channel-update.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-updates/2012-12/msg00073.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-MP73-9XR6-952M

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-08-10 00:00 – Updated: 2022-08-10 00:00
VLAI
Details

Windows WebBrowser Control Remote Code Execution Vulnerability.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-30194"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-94"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-08-09T20:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Windows WebBrowser Control Remote Code Execution Vulnerability.",
  "id": "GHSA-mp73-9xr6-952m",
  "modified": "2022-08-10T00:00:18Z",
  "published": "2022-08-10T00:00:18Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-30194"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2022-30194"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-US/security-guidance/advisory/CVE-2022-30194"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Refactoring

Refactor your program so that you do not have to dynamically generate code.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • Run your code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which code can be executed by your product.
  • Examples include the Unix chroot jail and AppArmor. In general, managed code may provide some protection.
  • This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of your application may still be subject to compromise.
  • Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

  • Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
  • When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
  • Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
  • To reduce the likelihood of code injection, use stringent allowlists that limit which constructs are allowed. If you are dynamically constructing code that invokes a function, then verifying that the input is alphanumeric might be insufficient. An attacker might still be able to reference a dangerous function that you did not intend to allow, such as system(), exec(), or exit().
Mitigation
Testing

Use dynamic tools and techniques that interact with the product using large test suites with many diverse inputs, such as fuzz testing (fuzzing), robustness testing, and fault injection. The product's operation may slow down, but it should not become unstable, crash, or generate incorrect results.

Mitigation MIT-32
Operation

Strategy: Compilation or Build Hardening

Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).

Mitigation MIT-32
Operation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).

Mitigation
Implementation

For Python programs, it is frequently encouraged to use the ast.literal_eval() function instead of eval, since it is intentionally designed to avoid executing code. However, an adversary could still cause excessive memory or stack consumption via deeply nested structures [REF-1372], so the python documentation discourages use of ast.literal_eval() on untrusted data [REF-1373].

CAPEC-242: Code Injection

An adversary exploits a weakness in input validation on the target to inject new code into that which is currently executing. This differs from code inclusion in that code inclusion involves the addition or replacement of a reference to a code file, which is subsequently loaded by the target and used as part of the code of some application.

CAPEC-35: Leverage Executable Code in Non-Executable Files

An attack of this type exploits a system's trust in configuration and resource files. When the executable loads the resource (such as an image file or configuration file) the attacker has modified the file to either execute malicious code directly or manipulate the target process (e.g. application server) to execute based on the malicious configuration parameters. Since systems are increasingly interrelated mashing up resources from local and remote sources the possibility of this attack occurring is high.

CAPEC-77: Manipulating User-Controlled Variables

This attack targets user controlled variables (DEBUG=1, PHP Globals, and So Forth). An adversary can override variables leveraging user-supplied, untrusted query variables directly used on the application server without any data sanitization. In extreme cases, the adversary can change variables controlling the business logic of the application. For instance, in languages like PHP, a number of poorly set default configurations may allow the user to override variables.