CWE-94
Allowed-with-ReviewImproper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product constructs all or part of a code segment using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the syntax or behavior of the intended code segment.
9635 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-F6HJ-JCPC-RWR6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-01 18:35 – Updated: 2022-05-01 18:35Untrusted search path vulnerability in Adobe Reader and Acrobat 8.1.1 and earlier allows local users to execute arbitrary code via a malicious Security Provider library in the reader's current working directory. NOTE: this issue might be subsumed by CVE-2008-0655.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2007-5666"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2008-02-12T19:00:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Untrusted search path vulnerability in Adobe Reader and Acrobat 8.1.1 and earlier allows local users to execute arbitrary code via a malicious Security Provider library in the reader\u0027s current working directory. NOTE: this issue might be subsumed by CVE-2008-0655.",
"id": "GHSA-f6hj-jcpc-rwr6",
"modified": "2022-05-01T18:35:42Z",
"published": "2022-05-01T18:35:42Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2007-5666"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://oval.cisecurity.org/repository/search/definition/oval%3Aorg.mitre.oval%3Adef%3A11161"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://labs.idefense.com/intelligence/vulnerabilities/display.php?id=655"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/29065"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/29205"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/30840"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://security.gentoo.org/glsa/glsa-200803-01.xml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://sunsolve.sun.com/search/document.do?assetkey=1-26-239286-1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.adobe.com/support/security/advisories/apsa08-01.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.adobe.com/support/security/bulletins/apsb08-13.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.redhat.com/support/errata/RHSA-2008-0144.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.us-cert.gov/cas/techalerts/TA08-043A.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2008/1966/references"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-F6HM-9CHG-X5VG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 01:06 – Updated: 2022-05-14 01:06A vulnerability in the conferencing component of Mitel Connect ONSITE, versions R1711-PREM and earlier, and Mitel ST 14.2, release GA28 and earlier, could allow an unauthenticated attacker to inject PHP code using specially crafted requests to the vsethost.php page. Successful exploit could allow an attacker to execute arbitrary PHP code within the context of the application.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-5782"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-03-14T16:29:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "A vulnerability in the conferencing component of Mitel Connect ONSITE, versions R1711-PREM and earlier, and Mitel ST 14.2, release GA28 and earlier, could allow an unauthenticated attacker to inject PHP code using specially crafted requests to the vsethost.php page. Successful exploit could allow an attacker to execute arbitrary PHP code within the context of the application.",
"id": "GHSA-f6hm-9chg-x5vg",
"modified": "2022-05-14T01:06:24Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T01:06:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-5782"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/twosevenzero/shoretel-mitel-rce"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/46174"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mitel.com/support/security-advisories/mitel-product-security-advisory-18-0004"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-F6J7-RJ3P-CFVV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 02:36 – Updated: 2022-05-14 02:36Microsoft Office Word 2002 SP3 and 2003 SP3, and Office Word Viewer, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a malformed record in a Word file, aka "Word HTML Linked Objects Memory Corruption Vulnerability."
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2010-1903"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2010-08-11T18:47:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Microsoft Office Word 2002 SP3 and 2003 SP3, and Office Word Viewer, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service (memory corruption) via a malformed record in a Word file, aka \"Word HTML Linked Objects Memory Corruption Vulnerability.\"",
"id": "GHSA-f6j7-rj3p-cfvv",
"modified": "2022-05-14T02:36:46Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T02:36:46Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2010-1903"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/security-updates/securitybulletins/2010/ms10-056"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://oval.cisecurity.org/repository/search/definition/oval%3Aorg.mitre.oval%3Adef%3A12039"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.us-cert.gov/cas/techalerts/TA10-222A.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-F6JH-7MQR-5H2P
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-10-19 18:32 – Updated: 2026-10-19 18:32The software accepts user-supplied data without sufficient validation, allowing for the injection of malicious Expression Language (EL) code. This can lead to the execution of arbitrary operations within the affected deployment.
Exploitation of this vulnerability requires administrator privileges. The impact is minimal as EL usage is restricted to certain read operations.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-4412"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-10-19T17:16:57Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "The software accepts user-supplied data without sufficient validation, allowing for the injection of malicious Expression Language (EL) code. This can lead to the execution of arbitrary operations within the affected deployment.\n\nExploitation of this vulnerability requires administrator privileges. The impact is minimal as EL usage is restricted to certain read operations.",
"id": "GHSA-f6jh-7mqr-5h2p",
"modified": "2026-10-19T18:32:13Z",
"published": "2026-10-19T18:32:13Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-4412"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/wso2-extensions/identity-governance/pull/848"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/wso2/carbon-identity-framework/pull/5895"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/wso2/identity-apps/pull/6829"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/wso2/product-apim/pull/13524"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.docs.wso2.com/en/latest/security-announcements/security-advisories/2026/WSO2-2023-3098"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-F6MH-79VH-2HV7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-03-22 15:31 – Updated: 2024-11-05 18:33The Chat activity in Moodle 4.3.3 allows students to insert a potentially unwanted HTML A element or IMG element, or HTML content that leads to a performance degradation. NOTE: the vendor's Using_Chat page says "If you know some HTML code, you can use it in your text to do things like insert images, play sounds or create different coloured and sized text." This page also says "Chat is due to be removed from standard Moodle."
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "moodle/moodle"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"last_affected": "4.3.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-28593"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-79",
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2024-03-22T20:44:44Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2024-03-22T15:15:15Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The Chat activity in Moodle 4.3.3 allows students to insert a potentially unwanted HTML A element or IMG element, or HTML content that leads to a performance degradation. NOTE: the vendor\u0027s Using_Chat page says \"If you know some HTML code, you can use it in your text to do things like insert images, play sounds or create different coloured and sized text.\" This page also says \"Chat is due to be removed from standard Moodle.\"",
"id": "GHSA-f6mh-79vh-2hv7",
"modified": "2024-11-05T18:33:53Z",
"published": "2024-03-22T15:31:07Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-28593"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://docs.moodle.org/403/en/Using_Chat"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gist.githubusercontent.com/minendie/4f23174687bc4d8eb7f727d9959b5399/raw/9ce573cebcce5521d9d6f826ab68f3780036b874/CVE-2024-28593.txt"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/moodle/moodle"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://medium.com/%40lamscun/how-do-i-change-htmli-from-low-to-critical-your-email-box-is-safe-e7171efd88fe"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Cross-site Scripting in Moodle Chat"
}
GHSA-F6P7-W434-2956
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-10-07 03:30 – Updated: 2026-10-07 03:30IBM Langflow OSS 1.0.0 through 1.12.2 could allow a remote authenticated attacker to execute arbitrary code due to improper control of generation of code.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-93445"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-10-07T01:16:34Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "IBM Langflow OSS 1.0.0 through 1.12.2 could allow a remote authenticated attacker to execute arbitrary code due to improper control of generation of code.",
"id": "GHSA-f6p7-w434-2956",
"modified": "2026-10-07T03:30:22Z",
"published": "2026-10-07T03:30:22Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-93445"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7290694"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-F6PV-J8MR-W6RR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:02 – Updated: 2024-03-21 03:33** DISPUTED ** An issue was discovered in Jinja2 2.10. The from_string function is prone to Server Side Template Injection (SSTI) where it takes the "source" parameter as a template object, renders it, and then returns it. The attacker can exploit it with {{INJECTION COMMANDS}} in a URI. NOTE: The maintainer and multiple third parties believe that this vulnerability isn't valid because users shouldn't use untrusted templates without sandboxing.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-8341"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-02-15T07:29:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "** DISPUTED ** An issue was discovered in Jinja2 2.10. The from_string function is prone to Server Side Template Injection (SSTI) where it takes the \"source\" parameter as a template object, renders it, and then returns it. The attacker can exploit it with {{INJECTION COMMANDS}} in a URI. NOTE: The maintainer and multiple third parties believe that this vulnerability isn\u0027t valid because users shouldn\u0027t use untrusted templates without sandboxing.",
"id": "GHSA-f6pv-j8mr-w6rr",
"modified": "2024-03-21T03:33:33Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:02:56Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-8341"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1677653"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.suse.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1125815"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/JameelNabbo/Jinja2-Code-execution"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/46386"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-05/msg00030.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2019-06/msg00064.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-F6R4-G4JR-H7F2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-02 18:32 – Updated: 2026-10-19 18:32A flaw was found in submariner. In cert-auth mode, the connection configuration is built using free-form strings from the Custom Resource Definition (CRD) without proper validation. A malicious cluster can exploit this by publishing a CableName that includes newlines and ipsec.conf directives. This allows an attacker to inject arbitrary configuration parameters or execute commands through leftupdown hooks, leading to remote code execution as root on the gateway node.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-66786"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-09-02T18:21:10Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "A flaw was found in submariner. In cert-auth mode, the connection configuration is built using free-form strings from the Custom Resource Definition (CRD) without proper validation. A malicious cluster can exploit this by publishing a CableName that includes newlines and ipsec.conf directives. This allows an attacker to inject arbitrary configuration parameters or execute commands through leftupdown hooks, leading to remote code execution as root on the gateway node.",
"id": "GHSA-f6r4-g4jr-h7f2",
"modified": "2026-10-19T18:32:01Z",
"published": "2026-09-02T18:32:30Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-66786"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:63016"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2026:85227"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-66786"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2507531"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-F73G-4FFH-F84R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-02 00:08 – Updated: 2022-05-02 00:08Static code injection vulnerability in installation/setup.php in phpCollab 2.5 rc3 and earlier allows remote authenticated administrators to inject arbitrary PHP code into include/settings.php via the URI.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2008-4305"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2008-12-23T18:30:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Static code injection vulnerability in installation/setup.php in phpCollab 2.5 rc3 and earlier allows remote authenticated administrators to inject arbitrary PHP code into include/settings.php via the URI.",
"id": "GHSA-f73g-4ffh-f84r",
"modified": "2022-05-02T00:08:47Z",
"published": "2022-05-02T00:08:47Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2008-4305"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/47521"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://bugs.gentoo.org/show_bug.cgi?id=235052"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/19449"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/33258"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://security.gentoo.org/glsa/glsa-200812-20.xml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/32964"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-F73W-4M7G-CH9X
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-09-01 18:30 – Updated: 2025-02-20 22:53An issue in LanChain-ai Langchain v.0.0.245 allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code via the evaluate function in the numexpr library.
Patches: Released in v.0.0.308. numexpr dependency is optional for langchain.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "langchain"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "0.0.308"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "numexpr"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.8.5"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-39631"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2023-09-01T21:57:43Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2023-09-01T16:15:08Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "An issue in LanChain-ai Langchain v.0.0.245 allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code via the evaluate function in the numexpr library.\n\nPatches: Released in v.0.0.308. numexpr dependency is optional for langchain.",
"id": "GHSA-f73w-4m7g-ch9x",
"modified": "2025-02-20T22:53:21Z",
"published": "2023-09-01T18:30:41Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-39631"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/langchain-ai/langchain/issues/8363"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pydata/numexpr/issues/442"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/langchain-ai/langchain/pull/11302"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pydata/numexpr/commit/4b2d89cf14e75030d27629925b9998e1e91d23c7"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/langchain-ai/langchain"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/langchain-ai/langchain/releases/tag/v0.0.308"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/langchain/PYSEC-2023-162.yaml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/numexpr/PYSEC-2023-163.yaml"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Langchain vulnerable to arbitrary code execution via the evaluate function in the numexpr library"
}
Mitigation
Strategy: Refactoring
Refactor your program so that you do not have to dynamically generate code.
Mitigation
- Run your code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which code can be executed by your product.
- Examples include the Unix chroot jail and AppArmor. In general, managed code may provide some protection.
- This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of your application may still be subject to compromise.
- Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
Mitigation MIT-5
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- To reduce the likelihood of code injection, use stringent allowlists that limit which constructs are allowed. If you are dynamically constructing code that invokes a function, then verifying that the input is alphanumeric might be insufficient. An attacker might still be able to reference a dangerous function that you did not intend to allow, such as system(), exec(), or exit().
Mitigation
Use dynamic tools and techniques that interact with the product using large test suites with many diverse inputs, such as fuzz testing (fuzzing), robustness testing, and fault injection. The product's operation may slow down, but it should not become unstable, crash, or generate incorrect results.
Mitigation MIT-32
Strategy: Compilation or Build Hardening
Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
Mitigation MIT-32
Strategy: Environment Hardening
Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
Mitigation
For Python programs, it is frequently encouraged to use the ast.literal_eval() function instead of eval, since it is intentionally designed to avoid executing code. However, an adversary could still cause excessive memory or stack consumption via deeply nested structures [REF-1372], so the python documentation discourages use of ast.literal_eval() on untrusted data [REF-1373].
CAPEC-242: Code Injection
An adversary exploits a weakness in input validation on the target to inject new code into that which is currently executing. This differs from code inclusion in that code inclusion involves the addition or replacement of a reference to a code file, which is subsequently loaded by the target and used as part of the code of some application.
CAPEC-35: Leverage Executable Code in Non-Executable Files
An attack of this type exploits a system's trust in configuration and resource files. When the executable loads the resource (such as an image file or configuration file) the attacker has modified the file to either execute malicious code directly or manipulate the target process (e.g. application server) to execute based on the malicious configuration parameters. Since systems are increasingly interrelated mashing up resources from local and remote sources the possibility of this attack occurring is high.
CAPEC-77: Manipulating User-Controlled Variables
This attack targets user controlled variables (DEBUG=1, PHP Globals, and So Forth). An adversary can override variables leveraging user-supplied, untrusted query variables directly used on the application server without any data sanitization. In extreme cases, the adversary can change variables controlling the business logic of the application. For instance, in languages like PHP, a number of poorly set default configurations may allow the user to override variables.