CWE-94
Allowed-with-ReviewImproper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product constructs all or part of a code segment using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the syntax or behavior of the intended code segment.
8287 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-M649-XM7X-GV2J
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-01 18:32 – Updated: 2022-05-01 18:32Unspecified vulnerability in Server Message Block Version 2 (SMBv2) signing support in Microsoft Windows Vista allows remote attackers to force signature re-computation and execute arbitrary code via a crafted SMBv2 packet, aka "SMBv2 Signing Vulnerability."
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2007-5351"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2007-12-12T00:46:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Unspecified vulnerability in Server Message Block Version 2 (SMBv2) signing support in Microsoft Windows Vista allows remote attackers to force signature re-computation and execute arbitrary code via a crafted SMBv2 packet, aka \"SMBv2 Signing Vulnerability.\"",
"id": "GHSA-m649-xm7x-gv2j",
"modified": "2022-05-01T18:32:21Z",
"published": "2022-05-01T18:32:21Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2007-5351"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/security-updates/securitybulletins/2007/ms07-063"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/38725"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://oval.cisecurity.org/repository/search/definition/oval%3Aorg.mitre.oval%3Adef%3A4208"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/27997"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/520465"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/485268/100/0/threaded"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/26777"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id?1019072"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.us-cert.gov/cas/techalerts/TA07-345A.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2007/4179"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-M66M-2FX2-X2V3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-01 23:44 – Updated: 2022-05-01 23:44ExBB Italia 0.22 and earlier only checks GET requests that use the QUERY_STRING for certain path manipulations, which allows remote attackers to bypass this check via (1) POST or (2) COOKIE variables, a different vector than CVE-2006-4488. NOTE: this can be leveraged to conduct PHP remote file inclusion attacks via a URL in the (a) new_exbb[home_path] or (b) exbb[home_path] parameter to modules/threadstop/threadstop.php.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2008-1862"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-20",
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2008-04-17T19:05:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "ExBB Italia 0.22 and earlier only checks GET requests that use the QUERY_STRING for certain path manipulations, which allows remote attackers to bypass this check via (1) POST or (2) COOKIE variables, a different vector than CVE-2006-4488. NOTE: this can be leveraged to conduct PHP remote file inclusion attacks via a URL in the (a) new_exbb[home_path] or (b) exbb[home_path] parameter to modules/threadstop/threadstop.php.",
"id": "GHSA-m66m-2fx2-x2v3",
"modified": "2022-05-01T23:44:16Z",
"published": "2022-05-01T23:44:16Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2008-1862"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/41708"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/5405"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/29739"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-M672-2373-4WJ4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 03:00 – Updated: 2022-05-14 03:00A remote code execution vulnerability exists when the Windows font library improperly handles specially crafted embedded fonts, aka "Microsoft Graphics Remote Code Execution Vulnerability." This affects Windows 7, Windows Server 2012 R2, Windows RT 8.1, Windows Server 2008, Windows Server 2012, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2016, Windows Server 2008 R2, Windows 10, Windows 10 Servers.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-8344"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-08-15T17:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A remote code execution vulnerability exists when the Windows font library improperly handles specially crafted embedded fonts, aka \"Microsoft Graphics Remote Code Execution Vulnerability.\" This affects Windows 7, Windows Server 2012 R2, Windows RT 8.1, Windows Server 2008, Windows Server 2012, Windows 8.1, Windows Server 2016, Windows Server 2008 R2, Windows 10, Windows 10 Servers.",
"id": "GHSA-m672-2373-4wj4",
"modified": "2022-05-14T03:00:33Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T03:00:33Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-8344"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-US/security-guidance/advisory/CVE-2018-8344"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/104983"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1041475"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-M67M-57FM-4W9H
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-01 06:47 – Updated: 2022-05-01 06:47Argument injection vulnerability in greylistclean.cron in sa-exim 4.2 allows remote attackers to delete arbitrary files via an email with a To field that contains a filename separated by whitespace, which is not quoted when greylistclean.cron provides the argument to the rm command.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2006-1251"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2006-03-19T01:02:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Argument injection vulnerability in greylistclean.cron in sa-exim 4.2 allows remote attackers to delete arbitrary files via an email with a To field that contains a filename separated by whitespace, which is not quoted when greylistclean.cron provides the argument to the rm command.",
"id": "GHSA-m67m-57fm-4w9h",
"modified": "2022-05-01T06:47:33Z",
"published": "2022-05-01T06:47:33Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2006-1251"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/25286"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=345071"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://marc.merlins.org/linux/exim/files/sa-exim-cvs/Changelog.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/19225"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/17110"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2006/0941"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-M69J-J4VR-8RCJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-02 03:31 – Updated: 2022-05-02 03:31Integer overflow in IrfanView 4.23, when the resampling or screen fitting option is enabled, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted TIFF 1 BPP image, which triggers a heap-based buffer overflow.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2009-2118"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2009-06-18T21:30:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Integer overflow in IrfanView 4.23, when the resampling or screen fitting option is enabled, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via a crafted TIFF 1 BPP image, which triggers a heap-based buffer overflow.",
"id": "GHSA-m69j-j4vr-8rcj",
"modified": "2022-05-02T03:31:43Z",
"published": "2022-05-02T03:31:43Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2009-2118"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://osvdb.org/55150"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/35359"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.irfanview.com/main_history.htm"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/35423"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-M6CV-FWF2-4V2W
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-06-09 18:32 – Updated: 2026-04-01 18:35Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection') vulnerability in Holest Engineering Spreadsheet Price Changer for WooCommerce and WP E-commerce – Light allows Code Injection. This issue affects Spreadsheet Price Changer for WooCommerce and WP E-commerce – Light: from n/a through 2.4.37.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-48123"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-06-09T16:15:42Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Improper Control of Generation of Code (\u0027Code Injection\u0027) vulnerability in Holest Engineering Spreadsheet Price Changer for WooCommerce and WP E-commerce \u2013 Light allows Code Injection. This issue affects Spreadsheet Price Changer for WooCommerce and WP E-commerce \u2013 Light: from n/a through 2.4.37.",
"id": "GHSA-m6cv-fwf2-4v2w",
"modified": "2026-04-01T18:35:25Z",
"published": "2025-06-09T18:32:14Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-48123"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/excel-like-price-change-for-woocommerce-and-wp-e-commerce-light/vulnerability/wordpress-spreadsheet-price-changer-for-woocommerce-and-wp-e-commerce-light-2-4-37-remote-code-execution-rce-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-M6HC-3X52-JGF5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 01:41 – Updated: 2022-05-14 01:41LogonTracer 1.2.0 and earlier allows remote attackers to conduct Python code injection attacks via unspecified vectors.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-16168"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-01-09T23:29:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "LogonTracer 1.2.0 and earlier allows remote attackers to conduct Python code injection attacks via unspecified vectors.",
"id": "GHSA-m6hc-3x52-jgf5",
"modified": "2022-05-14T01:41:08Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T01:41:08Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-16168"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/JPCERTCC/LogonTracer/releases/tag/v1.2.1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://jvn.jp/en/vu/JVNVU98026636/index.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-M6JR-JQ3Q-3PP7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-05-02 21:30 – Updated: 2025-05-02 21:30A vulnerability was found in handrew browserpilot up to 0.2.51. It has been declared as critical. Affected by this vulnerability is the function GPTSeleniumAgent of the file browserpilot/browserpilot/agents/gpt_selenium_agent.py. The manipulation of the argument instructions leads to code injection. The attack needs to be approached locally. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-4218"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-74",
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-05-02T21:15:24Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability was found in handrew browserpilot up to 0.2.51. It has been declared as critical. Affected by this vulnerability is the function GPTSeleniumAgent of the file browserpilot/browserpilot/agents/gpt_selenium_agent.py. The manipulation of the argument instructions leads to code injection. The attack needs to be approached locally. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.",
"id": "GHSA-m6jr-jq3q-3pp7",
"modified": "2025-05-02T21:30:43Z",
"published": "2025-05-02T21:30:43Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-4218"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/handrew/browserpilot/issues/20"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/handrew/browserpilot/issues/20#issue-2999815850"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.307195"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.307195"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.562383"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-M6M8-6GQ8-C9FJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-05-22 19:49 – Updated: 2023-10-24 22:50Impact
This vulnerability allows attackers to execute arbitrary code when you use Validation Placeholders.
The vulnerability exists in the Validation library, and validation methods in the controller and in-model validation are also vulnerable because they use the Validation library internally.
Patches
Upgrade to v4.3.5 or later.
Workarounds
Setting validation rules with an array.
E.g.:
$validation->setRules([
'email' => ['required', 'valid_email, 'is_unique[users.email,id,{id}]'],
]);
References
- https://codeigniter4.github.io/userguide/libraries/validation.html#validation-placeholders
- https://codeigniter4.github.io/userguide/incoming/controllers.html#validating-data
- https://codeigniter4.github.io/userguide/models/model.html#in-model-validation
For more information
If you have any questions or comments about this advisory: * Open an issue in codeigniter4/CodeIgniter4 * Email us at SECURITY.md
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "codeigniter4/framework"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "4.3.5"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-32692"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2023-05-22T19:49:11Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2023-05-30T04:15:10Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "### Impact\nThis vulnerability allows attackers to execute arbitrary code when you use Validation Placeholders.\n\nThe vulnerability exists in the Validation library, and validation methods in the controller and in-model validation are also vulnerable because they use the Validation library internally.\n\n### Patches\nUpgrade to v4.3.5 or later.\n\n### Workarounds\nSetting validation rules with an array.\n\nE.g.:\n```php\n$validation-\u003esetRules([\n \u0027email\u0027 =\u003e [\u0027required\u0027, \u0027valid_email, \u0027is_unique[users.email,id,{id}]\u0027],\n]);\n```\n\n### References\n- https://codeigniter4.github.io/userguide/libraries/validation.html#validation-placeholders\n- https://codeigniter4.github.io/userguide/incoming/controllers.html#validating-data\n- https://codeigniter4.github.io/userguide/models/model.html#in-model-validation\n\n### For more information\nIf you have any questions or comments about this advisory:\n* Open an issue in [codeigniter4/CodeIgniter4](https://github.com/codeigniter4/CodeIgniter4/issues)\n* Email us at [SECURITY.md](https://github.com/codeigniter4/CodeIgniter4/blob/develop/SECURITY.md)\n",
"id": "GHSA-m6m8-6gq8-c9fj",
"modified": "2023-10-24T22:50:57Z",
"published": "2023-05-22T19:49:11Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/codeigniter4/CodeIgniter4/security/advisories/GHSA-m6m8-6gq8-c9fj"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-32692"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/codeigniter4/CodeIgniter4/commit/6af677177fa1d9ad62f7a793bc96cba3068632ba"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/codeigniter4/CodeIgniter4"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/codeigniter4/CodeIgniter4/blob/develop/CHANGELOG.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/codeigniter4/CodeIgniter4/blob/develop/CHANGELOG.md#v435-2023-05-21"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Remote Code Execution Vulnerability in Validation Placeholders in CodeIgniter4"
}
GHSA-M6PC-42RJ-WC4V
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-01-02 21:30 – Updated: 2024-01-02 21:30A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in spider-flow 0.4.3. Affected is the function FunctionService.saveFunction of the file src/main/java/org/spiderflow/controller/FunctionController.java. The manipulation leads to code injection. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. VDB-249510 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-0195"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-01-02T21:15:10Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in spider-flow 0.4.3. Affected is the function FunctionService.saveFunction of the file src/main/java/org/spiderflow/controller/FunctionController.java. The manipulation leads to code injection. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. VDB-249510 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability.",
"id": "GHSA-m6pc-42rj-wc4v",
"modified": "2024-01-02T21:30:26Z",
"published": "2024-01-02T21:30:26Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-0195"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/laoquanshi/puppy/blob/main/spider-flow%20code%20injection%20causes%20rce.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.249510"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.249510"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
Strategy: Refactoring
Refactor your program so that you do not have to dynamically generate code.
Mitigation
- Run your code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which code can be executed by your product.
- Examples include the Unix chroot jail and AppArmor. In general, managed code may provide some protection.
- This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of your application may still be subject to compromise.
- Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
Mitigation MIT-5
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- To reduce the likelihood of code injection, use stringent allowlists that limit which constructs are allowed. If you are dynamically constructing code that invokes a function, then verifying that the input is alphanumeric might be insufficient. An attacker might still be able to reference a dangerous function that you did not intend to allow, such as system(), exec(), or exit().
Mitigation
Use dynamic tools and techniques that interact with the product using large test suites with many diverse inputs, such as fuzz testing (fuzzing), robustness testing, and fault injection. The product's operation may slow down, but it should not become unstable, crash, or generate incorrect results.
Mitigation MIT-32
Strategy: Compilation or Build Hardening
Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
Mitigation MIT-32
Strategy: Environment Hardening
Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
Mitigation
For Python programs, it is frequently encouraged to use the ast.literal_eval() function instead of eval, since it is intentionally designed to avoid executing code. However, an adversary could still cause excessive memory or stack consumption via deeply nested structures [REF-1372], so the python documentation discourages use of ast.literal_eval() on untrusted data [REF-1373].
CAPEC-242: Code Injection
An adversary exploits a weakness in input validation on the target to inject new code into that which is currently executing. This differs from code inclusion in that code inclusion involves the addition or replacement of a reference to a code file, which is subsequently loaded by the target and used as part of the code of some application.
CAPEC-35: Leverage Executable Code in Non-Executable Files
An attack of this type exploits a system's trust in configuration and resource files. When the executable loads the resource (such as an image file or configuration file) the attacker has modified the file to either execute malicious code directly or manipulate the target process (e.g. application server) to execute based on the malicious configuration parameters. Since systems are increasingly interrelated mashing up resources from local and remote sources the possibility of this attack occurring is high.
CAPEC-77: Manipulating User-Controlled Variables
This attack targets user controlled variables (DEBUG=1, PHP Globals, and So Forth). An adversary can override variables leveraging user-supplied, untrusted query variables directly used on the application server without any data sanitization. In extreme cases, the adversary can change variables controlling the business logic of the application. For instance, in languages like PHP, a number of poorly set default configurations may allow the user to override variables.