CWE-94
Allowed-with-ReviewImproper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product constructs all or part of a code segment using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the syntax or behavior of the intended code segment.
8285 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-JX2J-MP5M-4XFH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:02 – Updated: 2022-06-29 00:00SAP NetWeaver AS ABAP, versions - 700, 701, 702, 730, 731, allow a high privileged attacker to inject malicious code by executing an ABAP report when the attacker has access to the local SAP system. The attacker could then get access to data, overwrite them, or execute a denial of service.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-27611"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-74",
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-05-11T15:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "SAP NetWeaver AS ABAP, versions - 700, 701, 702, 730, 731, allow a high privileged attacker to inject malicious code by executing an ABAP report when the attacker has access to the local SAP system. The attacker could then get access to data, overwrite them, or execute a denial of service.",
"id": "GHSA-jx2j-mp5m-4xfh",
"modified": "2022-06-29T00:00:49Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:02:06Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-27611"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://launchpad.support.sap.com/#/notes/3046610"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://wiki.scn.sap.com/wiki/pages/viewpage.action?pageId=576094655"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-JX3Q-5RGF-VRRR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-07-11 15:31 – Updated: 2024-11-19 19:12xalpha v0.11.4 is vulnerable to Remote Command Execution (RCE). User input is not properly checked to be numerical values prior to being evaluated.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "xalpha"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0.11.4"
},
{
"fixed": "0.11.9"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-37659"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2023-07-11T22:46:05Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2023-07-11T15:15:20Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "xalpha v0.11.4 is vulnerable to Remote Command Execution (RCE). User input is not properly checked to be numerical values prior to being evaluated.",
"id": "GHSA-jx3q-5rgf-vrrr",
"modified": "2024-11-19T19:12:19Z",
"published": "2023-07-11T15:31:18Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-37659"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/refraction-ray/xalpha/issues/175"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/refraction-ray/xalpha/commit/6dceaa159a1a319d750ade20a4595956876657b6"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/xalpha/PYSEC-2023-116.yaml"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/refraction-ray/xalpha"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "xalpha vulnerable to Remote Code Execution"
}
GHSA-JX3W-VV3X-MM9M
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:02 – Updated: 2022-07-13 00:01In multiple versions of Sophos Endpoint products for MacOS, a local attacker could execute arbitrary code with administrator privileges.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-25264"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-05-17T17:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In multiple versions of Sophos Endpoint products for MacOS, a local attacker could execute arbitrary code with administrator privileges.",
"id": "GHSA-jx3w-vv3x-mm9m",
"modified": "2022-07-13T00:01:10Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:02:36Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-25264"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://community.sophos.com/b/security-blog"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://community.sophos.com/b/security-blog/posts/resolved-lpe-in-endpoint-for-macos-cve-2021-25264"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-JX5H-G783-88P7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-01 18:44 – Updated: 2022-05-01 18:44form.php in PMOS Help Desk 2.4 and earlier sends a redirect to the web browser but does not exit, which allows remote attackers to conduct eval injection attacks and execute arbitrary PHP code via the options array parameter.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2007-6550"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2007-12-28T00:46:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "form.php in PMOS Help Desk 2.4 and earlier sends a redirect to the web browser but does not exit, which allows remote attackers to conduct eval injection attacks and execute arbitrary PHP code via the options array parameter.",
"id": "GHSA-jx5h-g783-88p7",
"modified": "2022-05-01T18:44:07Z",
"published": "2022-05-01T18:44:07Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2007-6550"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/39274"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/4789"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://osvdb.org/42662"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/28201"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/27032"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2007/4321"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-JX5R-CXFC-C638
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-02-20 06:31 – Updated: 2025-02-20 21:30Sitecore Experience Manager (XM) and Experience Platform (XP) 10.4 before KB1002844 allow remote code execution through insecure deserialization.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-27218"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-02-20T05:15:15Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Sitecore Experience Manager (XM) and Experience Platform (XP) 10.4 before KB1002844 allow remote code execution through insecure deserialization.",
"id": "GHSA-jx5r-cxfc-c638",
"modified": "2025-02-20T21:30:51Z",
"published": "2025-02-20T06:31:04Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-27218"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.sitecore.com/kb?id=kb_article_view\u0026sysparm_article=KB1003535"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-JX6C-5CPP-F93R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-07-15 15:30 – Updated: 2024-07-15 15:30This vulnerability allows an unauthenticated attacker to achieve remote command execution on the affected PAM system by uploading a specially crafted PAM upgrade file.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-36456"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-07-15T14:15:02Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "This vulnerability allows an unauthenticated attacker to achieve remote command execution on the affected PAM system by uploading a specially crafted PAM upgrade file.",
"id": "GHSA-jx6c-5cpp-f93r",
"modified": "2024-07-15T15:30:58Z",
"published": "2024-07-15T15:30:58Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-36456"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.broadcom.com/web/ecx/support-content-notification/-/external/content/SecurityAdvisories/0/24678"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-JXC7-WHR7-3XX6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-07-13 00:00 – Updated: 2022-07-13 00:00Windows Network File System Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2022-22039.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-22029"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-07-12T23:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Windows Network File System Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2022-22039.",
"id": "GHSA-jxc7-whr7-3xx6",
"modified": "2022-07-13T00:00:40Z",
"published": "2022-07-13T00:00:40Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-22029"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2022-22029"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://portal.msrc.microsoft.com/en-US/security-guidance/advisory/CVE-2022-22029"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-JXFC-7J9J-8GG7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-11 21:30 – Updated: 2026-02-11 21:30Chevereto 3.13.4 Core contains a remote code execution vulnerability that allows attackers to inject malicious code during database configuration installation. Attackers can manipulate the database table prefix parameter to write a PHP shell file and execute arbitrary system commands through a crafted POST request.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-37186"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-02-11T21:16:12Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Chevereto 3.13.4 Core contains a remote code execution vulnerability that allows attackers to inject malicious code during database configuration installation. Attackers can manipulate the database table prefix parameter to write a PHP shell file and execute arbitrary system commands through a crafted POST request.",
"id": "GHSA-jxfc-7j9j-8gg7",
"modified": "2026-02-11T21:30:41Z",
"published": "2026-02-11T21:30:41Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-37186"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chevereto.com"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/Chevereto/Chevereto-Free/releases"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/47903"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/chevereto-core-remote-code-execution"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-JXFH-8WGV-VFR2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2020-03-10 18:03 – Updated: 2022-02-08 22:06In affected versions of dojo (NPM package), the deepCopy method is vulnerable to Prototype Pollution.
Prototype Pollution refers to the ability to inject properties into existing JavaScript language construct prototypes, such as objects. An attacker manipulates these attributes to overwrite, or pollute, a JavaScript application object prototype of the base object by injecting other values.
This has been patched in versions 1.12.8, 1.13.7, 1.14.6, 1.15.3 and 1.16.2
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "dojo"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.11.10"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "dojo"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "1.12.0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.12.8"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "dojo"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "1.13.0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.13.7"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "dojo"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "1.14.0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.14.6"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "dojo"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "1.15.0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.15.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "dojo"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "1.16.0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.16.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-5258"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1321",
"CWE-74",
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2020-03-10T18:02:00Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2020-03-10T18:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In affected versions of dojo (NPM package), the deepCopy method is vulnerable to Prototype Pollution.\n\nPrototype Pollution refers to the ability to inject properties into existing JavaScript language construct prototypes, such as objects.\nAn attacker manipulates these attributes to overwrite, or pollute, a JavaScript application object prototype of the base object by injecting other values. \n\nThis has been patched in versions 1.12.8, 1.13.7, 1.14.6, 1.15.3 and 1.16.2",
"id": "GHSA-jxfh-8wgv-vfr2",
"modified": "2022-02-08T22:06:45Z",
"published": "2020-03-10T18:03:14Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/dojo/dojo/security/advisories/GHSA-jxfh-8wgv-vfr2"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-5258"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/dojo/dojo/commit/20a00afb68f5587946dc76fbeaa68c39bda2171d"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/dojo/dojo"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/r3638722360d7ae95f874280518b8d987d799a76df7a9cd78eac33a1b@%3Cusers.qpid.apache.org%3E"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/r665fcc152bd0fec9f71511a6c2435ff24d3a71386b01b1a6df326fd3@%3Cusers.qpid.apache.org%3E"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/rf481b3f25f05c52ba4e24991a941c1a6e88d281c6c9360a806554d00@%3Cusers.qpid.apache.org%3E"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2020/03/msg00012.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com//security-alerts/cpujul2021.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujan2022.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujul2020.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujul2022.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuoct2021.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Prototype pollution in dojo"
}
GHSA-JXG9-387C-H784
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:50 – Updated: 2024-04-04 01:18Code42 Enterprise and Crashplan for Small Business Client version 6.7 before 6.7.5, 6.8 before 6.8.8, and 6.9 before 6.9.4 allows eval injection. A proxy auto-configuration file, crafted by a lesser privileged user, may be used to execute arbitrary code at a higher privilege as the service user.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-11552"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-434",
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-07-19T14:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Code42 Enterprise and Crashplan for Small Business Client version 6.7 before 6.7.5, 6.8 before 6.8.8, and 6.9 before 6.9.4 allows eval injection. A proxy auto-configuration file, crafted by a lesser privileged user, may be used to execute arbitrary code at a higher privilege as the service user.",
"id": "GHSA-jxg9-387c-h784",
"modified": "2024-04-04T01:18:59Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:50:43Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-11552"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bordplate.no/blog/en/post/crashplan-privilege-escalation"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://code42.com/r/support/CVE-2019-11552"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.code42.com/Terms_and_conditions/Code42_customer_support_resources/Code42_security_advisories/Untrusted_data_is_executed_as_System_via_a_PAC_file_read_by_CrashPlanService.exe"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
Strategy: Refactoring
Refactor your program so that you do not have to dynamically generate code.
Mitigation
- Run your code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which code can be executed by your product.
- Examples include the Unix chroot jail and AppArmor. In general, managed code may provide some protection.
- This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of your application may still be subject to compromise.
- Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
Mitigation MIT-5
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- To reduce the likelihood of code injection, use stringent allowlists that limit which constructs are allowed. If you are dynamically constructing code that invokes a function, then verifying that the input is alphanumeric might be insufficient. An attacker might still be able to reference a dangerous function that you did not intend to allow, such as system(), exec(), or exit().
Mitigation
Use dynamic tools and techniques that interact with the product using large test suites with many diverse inputs, such as fuzz testing (fuzzing), robustness testing, and fault injection. The product's operation may slow down, but it should not become unstable, crash, or generate incorrect results.
Mitigation MIT-32
Strategy: Compilation or Build Hardening
Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
Mitigation MIT-32
Strategy: Environment Hardening
Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
Mitigation
For Python programs, it is frequently encouraged to use the ast.literal_eval() function instead of eval, since it is intentionally designed to avoid executing code. However, an adversary could still cause excessive memory or stack consumption via deeply nested structures [REF-1372], so the python documentation discourages use of ast.literal_eval() on untrusted data [REF-1373].
CAPEC-242: Code Injection
An adversary exploits a weakness in input validation on the target to inject new code into that which is currently executing. This differs from code inclusion in that code inclusion involves the addition or replacement of a reference to a code file, which is subsequently loaded by the target and used as part of the code of some application.
CAPEC-35: Leverage Executable Code in Non-Executable Files
An attack of this type exploits a system's trust in configuration and resource files. When the executable loads the resource (such as an image file or configuration file) the attacker has modified the file to either execute malicious code directly or manipulate the target process (e.g. application server) to execute based on the malicious configuration parameters. Since systems are increasingly interrelated mashing up resources from local and remote sources the possibility of this attack occurring is high.
CAPEC-77: Manipulating User-Controlled Variables
This attack targets user controlled variables (DEBUG=1, PHP Globals, and So Forth). An adversary can override variables leveraging user-supplied, untrusted query variables directly used on the application server without any data sanitization. In extreme cases, the adversary can change variables controlling the business logic of the application. For instance, in languages like PHP, a number of poorly set default configurations may allow the user to override variables.