CWE-94
Allowed-with-ReviewImproper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product constructs all or part of a code segment using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the syntax or behavior of the intended code segment.
8376 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-97WJ-4Q63-7PP6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-10-30 15:30 – Updated: 2026-04-08 18:32The Ads by datafeedr.com plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Remote Code Execution in versions up to, and including, 1.1.3 via the 'dfads_ajax_load_ads' function. This allows unauthenticated attackers to execute code on the server. The parameters of the callable function are limited, they cannot be specified arbitrarily.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-5843"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-10-30T14:15:10Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "The Ads by datafeedr.com plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Remote Code Execution in versions up to, and including, 1.1.3 via the \u0027dfads_ajax_load_ads\u0027 function. This allows unauthenticated attackers to execute code on the server. The parameters of the callable function are limited, they cannot be specified arbitrarily.",
"id": "GHSA-97wj-4q63-7pp6",
"modified": "2026-04-08T18:32:23Z",
"published": "2023-10-30T15:30:45Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-5843"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/ads-by-datafeedrcom/tags/1.1.3/inc/dfads.class.php#L34"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/2991088/ads-by-datafeedrcom"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/5412fd87-49bc-445c-8d16-443e38933d1e?source=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-985F-QC8V-Q2P6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 02:58 – Updated: 2022-05-17 02:58LogInOut.php in Simple Machines Forum (SMF) 2.1 allows remote attackers to conduct PHP object injection attacks and execute arbitrary PHP code via vectors related to variables derived from user input in a foreach loop.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2016-5727"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2017-02-09T15:59:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "LogInOut.php in Simple Machines Forum (SMF) 2.1 allows remote attackers to conduct PHP object injection attacks and execute arbitrary PHP code via vectors related to variables derived from user input in a foreach loop.",
"id": "GHSA-985f-qc8v-q2p6",
"modified": "2022-05-17T02:58:00Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T02:58:00Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-5727"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/SimpleMachines/SMF2.1/issues/3522"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/SimpleMachines/SMF2.1/commit/19e560b9f3e8fc6d7d9d60c1ff617b5ed5c08008#diff-513c4f9c501cbefcc14420c01848f23c"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2016/06/10/7"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2016/06/18/1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-9875-CW22-F7CX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-06-13 20:40 – Updated: 2025-06-13 20:40Impact
Any user with edit right on a page (could be the user's profile) can execute code (Groovy, Python, Velocity) with programming right by defining a wiki macro. This allows full access to the whole XWiki installation and thus impacts its confidentiality, integrity and availability. The main problem is that if a wiki macro parameter allows wiki syntax, its default value is executed with the rights of the author of the document where it is used. This can be exploited by overriding a macro like the children macro that is used in a page that has programming right like the page XWiki.ChildrenMacro and thus allows arbitrary script macros. The full reproduction steps can be found in the original issue.
Patches
This vulnerability has been patched in XWiki 16.4.7, 16.10.3 and 17.0.0 by executing wiki parameters with the rights of the wiki macro's author when the parameter's value is the default value.
Workarounds
We're not aware of any workarounds except for upgrading.
{
"affected": [
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c 12.0"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-rendering-wikimacro-store"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "11.10.11"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c 12.7"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-rendering-wikimacro-store"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "12.6.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-rendering-wikimacro-store"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "12.8-rc-1"
},
{
"fixed": "16.4.7"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-rendering-wikimacro-store"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "16.5.0-rc-1"
},
{
"fixed": "16.10.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-rendering-wikimacro-store"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "17.0.0-rc-1"
},
{
"fixed": "17.0.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-49581"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2025-06-13T20:40:19Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2025-06-13T16:15:27Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "### Impact\nAny user with edit right on a page (could be the user\u0027s profile) can execute code (Groovy, Python, Velocity) with programming right by defining a wiki macro. This allows full access to the whole XWiki installation and thus impacts its confidentiality, integrity and availability. The main problem is that if a wiki macro parameter allows wiki syntax, its default value is executed with the rights of the author of the document where it is used. This can be exploited by overriding a macro like the `children` macro that is used in a page that has programming right like the page `XWiki.ChildrenMacro` and thus allows arbitrary script macros. The full reproduction steps can be found in the [original issue](https://jira.xwiki.org/browse/XWIKI-22760).\n\n### Patches\nThis vulnerability has been patched in XWiki 16.4.7, 16.10.3 and 17.0.0 by executing wiki parameters with the rights of the wiki macro\u0027s author when the parameter\u0027s value is the default value.\n\n### Workarounds\nWe\u0027re not aware of any workarounds except for upgrading.",
"id": "GHSA-9875-cw22-f7cx",
"modified": "2025-06-13T20:40:19Z",
"published": "2025-06-13T20:40:19Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/xwiki/xwiki-platform/security/advisories/GHSA-9875-cw22-f7cx"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-49581"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/xwiki/xwiki-platform/commit/c99d501ed41cbee6a3c02ff927714531570789de"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/xwiki/xwiki-platform"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://jira.xwiki.org/browse/XWIKI-22760"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "XWiki allows remote code execution through default value of wiki macro wiki-type parameters"
}
GHSA-9888-W55M-RCG5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 02:12 – Updated: 2022-05-17 02:12Multiple PHP remote file inclusion vulnerabilities in Philippe CROCHAT EasySite 2.0 allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the EASYSITE_BASE parameter to (1) browser.php, (2) image_editor.php and (3) skin_chooser.php in configuration/. NOTE: the provenance of this information is unknown; the details are obtained solely from third party information.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2008-6196"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2009-02-20T00:30:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Multiple PHP remote file inclusion vulnerabilities in Philippe CROCHAT EasySite 2.0 allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the EASYSITE_BASE parameter to (1) browser.php, (2) image_editor.php and (3) skin_chooser.php in configuration/. NOTE: the provenance of this information is unknown; the details are obtained solely from third party information.",
"id": "GHSA-9888-w55m-rcg5",
"modified": "2022-05-17T02:12:03Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T02:12:03Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2008-6196"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/41630"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/28563"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/28563/exploit"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-9895-26WR-4FGV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-15 21:32 – Updated: 2024-05-15 21:32This Security Advisory is about a vulnerability in the way eZ Platform and eZ Publish Legacy handles file uploads, which can in the worst case lead to remote code execution (RCE), a very serious threat. An attacker would need access to uploading files to be able to exploit the vulnerability, so if you have strict controls on this and trust all who have this permission, you're not affected. On the basis of the tests we have made, we also believe the vulnerability cannot be exploited as long as our recommended vhost configuration is used. Here is the v2.5 recommendation for Nginx, as an example:
https://github.com/ezsystems/ezplatform/blob/2.5/doc/nginx/vhost.template#L31
This vhost template specifies that only the file app.php in the web root is executed, while vulnerable configurations allow execution of any php file. Apache is affected in the same way as Nginx, and is also protected by using the recommended configuration. The build-in webserver in PHP stays vulnerable, as it doesn't use this type of configuration (this webserver should only be used for development, never for production). We cannot be 100% certain our configuration is not vulnerable. We also do not know if all our users use the recommended configuration, so we send out this fix to be on the safe side.
The fix includes a blacklist feature for uploaded filenames, such as ".php". The file types on the blacklist cannot be uploaded. The blacklist is configurable. In eZ Platform you will find it as ezsettings.default.io.file_storage.file_type_blacklist in eZ/Bundle/EzPublishCoreBundle/Resources/config/default_settings.yml in vendors/ezsystems/ezpublish-kernel. In eZ Publish Legacy you will find it as FileExtensionBlackList in settings/file.ini. By default it blocks these file types: php, php3, phar, phpt, pht, phtml, pgif. The fix also inclues a new block against path traversal attacks, though this kind of attack was not reproducible in our tests.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "ezsystems/ezpublish-legacy"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2019.3.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2019.3.4.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "ezsystems/ezpublish-legacy"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2017.12.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2017.12.7.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "ezsystems/ezpublish-legacy"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "5.4.0"
},
{
"fixed": "5.4.14.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2024-05-15T21:32:03Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "This Security Advisory is about a vulnerability in the way eZ Platform and eZ Publish Legacy handles file uploads, which can in the worst case lead to remote code execution (RCE), a very serious threat. An attacker would need access to uploading files to be able to exploit the vulnerability, so if you have strict controls on this and trust all who have this permission, you\u0027re not affected. On the basis of the tests we have made, we also believe the vulnerability cannot be exploited as long as our recommended vhost configuration is used. Here is the v2.5 recommendation for Nginx, as an example:\n\nhttps://github.com/ezsystems/ezplatform/blob/2.5/doc/nginx/vhost.template#L31\n\nThis vhost template specifies that only the file app.php in the web root is executed, while vulnerable configurations allow execution of any php file. Apache is affected in the same way as Nginx, and is also protected by using the recommended configuration. The build-in webserver in PHP stays vulnerable, as it doesn\u0027t use this type of configuration (this webserver should only be used for development, never for production). We cannot be 100% certain our configuration is not vulnerable. We also do not know if all our users use the recommended configuration, so we send out this fix to be on the safe side.\n\nThe fix includes a blacklist feature for uploaded filenames, such as \".php\". The file types on the blacklist cannot be uploaded. The blacklist is configurable. In eZ Platform you will find it as ezsettings.default.io.file_storage.file_type_blacklist in eZ/Bundle/EzPublishCoreBundle/Resources/config/default_settings.yml in vendors/ezsystems/ezpublish-kernel. In eZ Publish Legacy you will find it as FileExtensionBlackList in settings/file.ini. By default it blocks these file types: php, php3, phar, phpt, pht, phtml, pgif. The fix also inclues a new block against path traversal attacks, though this kind of attack was not reproducible in our tests.",
"id": "GHSA-9895-26wr-4fgv",
"modified": "2024-05-15T21:32:03Z",
"published": "2024-05-15T21:32:03Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://ezplatform.com/security-advisories/ezsa-2020-001-remote-code-execution-in-file-uploads"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/FriendsOfPHP/security-advisories/blob/master/ezsystems/ezpublish-legacy/2020-03-03-1.yaml"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/ezsystems/ezpublish-legacy"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [],
"summary": "EZsystems Remote code execution in file uploads"
}
GHSA-989M-GR7J-MV6G
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-05-01 18:30 – Updated: 2024-07-03 18:38Certain HP software packages (SoftPaqs) are potentially vulnerable to arbitrary code execution when the SoftPaq configuration file has been modified after extraction. HP has released updated software packages (SoftPaqs).
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-28893"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-05-01T16:15:07Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Certain HP software packages (SoftPaqs) are potentially vulnerable to arbitrary code execution when the SoftPaq configuration file has been modified after extraction. HP has released updated software packages (SoftPaqs).",
"id": "GHSA-989m-gr7j-mv6g",
"modified": "2024-07-03T18:38:11Z",
"published": "2024-05-01T18:30:41Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-28893"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.hp.com/us-en/document/ish_10502451-10502508-16/hpsbhf03931"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-989M-J6WQ-CWP7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 02:18 – Updated: 2022-05-17 02:18PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in include.php in PHPOutsourcing IdeaBox (aka IdeBox) 1.1 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the gorumDir parameter.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2008-5199"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2008-11-21T17:30:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in include.php in PHPOutsourcing IdeaBox (aka IdeBox) 1.1 allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the gorumDir parameter.",
"id": "GHSA-989m-j6wq-cwp7",
"modified": "2022-05-17T02:18:00Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T02:18:00Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2008-5199"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/43374"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://marc.info/?l=bugtraq\u0026m=121441106806293\u0026w=2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://securityreason.com/securityalert/4642"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://securityvulns.ru/Ndocument286.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/493666"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/29944"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-989P-FG49-9347
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-10-19 12:00 – Updated: 2022-10-19 12:00Vulnerability in the Oracle VM VirtualBox product of Oracle Virtualization (component: Core). Supported versions that are affected are Prior to 6.1.40. Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via VRDP to compromise Oracle VM VirtualBox. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of Oracle VM VirtualBox. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 8.1 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-39424"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-10-18T21:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Vulnerability in the Oracle VM VirtualBox product of Oracle Virtualization (component: Core). Supported versions that are affected are Prior to 6.1.40. Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via VRDP to compromise Oracle VM VirtualBox. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of Oracle VM VirtualBox. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 8.1 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).",
"id": "GHSA-989p-fg49-9347",
"modified": "2022-10-19T12:00:23Z",
"published": "2022-10-19T12:00:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-39424"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202212-03"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpuoct2022.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-98CM-68R8-4M8H
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-01 18:29 – Updated: 2022-05-01 18:29PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in php-inc/log.inc.php in sk.log 0.5.3 and earlier allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the SKIN_URL parameter.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2007-5089"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2007-09-26T20:17:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "PHP remote file inclusion vulnerability in php-inc/log.inc.php in sk.log 0.5.3 and earlier allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary PHP code via a URL in the SKIN_URL parameter.",
"id": "GHSA-98cm-68r8-4m8h",
"modified": "2022-05-01T18:29:51Z",
"published": "2022-05-01T18:29:51Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2007-5089"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/36765"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/4454"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://osvdb.org/38574"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://securityreason.com/securityalert/3168"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.attrition.org/pipermail/vim/2007-September/001803.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/480484/100/0/threaded"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/25791"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2007/3256"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-98G7-RXMF-RRXM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-07-15 05:17 – Updated: 2022-09-08 14:19fabric8 Kubernetes client had an arbitrary code execution flaw in versions 5.0.0-beta-1 and higher. Attackers could potentially insert malicious YAMLs due to misconfigured YAML parsing.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "io.fabric8:kubernetes-client"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "5.0.0-beta-1"
},
{
"fixed": "5.0.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "io.fabric8:kubernetes-client"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "5.1.0"
},
{
"fixed": "5.1.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "io.fabric8:kubernetes-client"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "5.2.0"
},
{
"fixed": "5.3.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "io.fabric8:kubernetes-client"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "5.5.0"
},
{
"fixed": "5.7.4"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "io.fabric8:kubernetes-client"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "5.8.0"
},
{
"fixed": "5.8.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "io.fabric8:kubernetes-client"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "5.9.0"
},
{
"fixed": "5.10.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "io.fabric8:kubernetes-client"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "5.11.0"
},
{
"fixed": "5.11.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-4178"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-502",
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2022-07-15T05:17:35Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2022-08-24T16:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "fabric8 Kubernetes client had an arbitrary code execution flaw in versions 5.0.0-beta-1 and higher. Attackers could potentially insert malicious YAMLs due to misconfigured YAML parsing.",
"id": "GHSA-98g7-rxmf-rrxm",
"modified": "2022-09-08T14:19:24Z",
"published": "2022-07-15T05:17:35Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-4178"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/fabric8io/kubernetes-client/issues/3653"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/fabric8io/kubernetes-client/commit/445103004d1ed3153d5abb272473451d05891e39"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/cve-2021-4178"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2034388"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/fabric8io/kubernetes-client"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.mend.io/vulnerability-database/CVE-2021-4178"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "fabric8 kubernetes-client vulnerable "
}
Mitigation
Strategy: Refactoring
Refactor your program so that you do not have to dynamically generate code.
Mitigation
- Run your code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which code can be executed by your product.
- Examples include the Unix chroot jail and AppArmor. In general, managed code may provide some protection.
- This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of your application may still be subject to compromise.
- Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
Mitigation MIT-5
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- To reduce the likelihood of code injection, use stringent allowlists that limit which constructs are allowed. If you are dynamically constructing code that invokes a function, then verifying that the input is alphanumeric might be insufficient. An attacker might still be able to reference a dangerous function that you did not intend to allow, such as system(), exec(), or exit().
Mitigation
Use dynamic tools and techniques that interact with the product using large test suites with many diverse inputs, such as fuzz testing (fuzzing), robustness testing, and fault injection. The product's operation may slow down, but it should not become unstable, crash, or generate incorrect results.
Mitigation MIT-32
Strategy: Compilation or Build Hardening
Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
Mitigation MIT-32
Strategy: Environment Hardening
Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).
Mitigation
For Python programs, it is frequently encouraged to use the ast.literal_eval() function instead of eval, since it is intentionally designed to avoid executing code. However, an adversary could still cause excessive memory or stack consumption via deeply nested structures [REF-1372], so the python documentation discourages use of ast.literal_eval() on untrusted data [REF-1373].
CAPEC-242: Code Injection
An adversary exploits a weakness in input validation on the target to inject new code into that which is currently executing. This differs from code inclusion in that code inclusion involves the addition or replacement of a reference to a code file, which is subsequently loaded by the target and used as part of the code of some application.
CAPEC-35: Leverage Executable Code in Non-Executable Files
An attack of this type exploits a system's trust in configuration and resource files. When the executable loads the resource (such as an image file or configuration file) the attacker has modified the file to either execute malicious code directly or manipulate the target process (e.g. application server) to execute based on the malicious configuration parameters. Since systems are increasingly interrelated mashing up resources from local and remote sources the possibility of this attack occurring is high.
CAPEC-77: Manipulating User-Controlled Variables
This attack targets user controlled variables (DEBUG=1, PHP Globals, and So Forth). An adversary can override variables leveraging user-supplied, untrusted query variables directly used on the application server without any data sanitization. In extreme cases, the adversary can change variables controlling the business logic of the application. For instance, in languages like PHP, a number of poorly set default configurations may allow the user to override variables.