Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-94

Allowed-with-Review

Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product constructs all or part of a code segment using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the syntax or behavior of the intended code segment.

8289 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2023-36437 (GCVE-0-2023-36437)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-11-14 20:17 – Updated: 2025-10-08 23:59
VLAI
Title
Azure DevOps Server Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Summary
Azure DevOps Server Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Severity
8.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:U/RL:O/RC:C
CWE
  • CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Microsoft Azure Pipelines Agent Affected: 1.0.0 , < 2.39.1 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2023-11-14 08:00
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2023-35926 (GCVE-0-2023-35926)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-06-22 13:29 – Updated: 2024-12-05 17:48
VLAI
Title
Insecure sandbox in Backstage Scaffolder plugin
Summary
Backstage is an open platform for building developer portals. The Backstage scaffolder-backend plugin uses a templating library that requires sandbox, as it by design allows for code injection. The library used for this sandbox so far has been `vm2`, but in light of several past vulnerabilities and existing vulnerabilities that may not have a fix, the plugin has switched to using a different sandbox library. A malicious actor with write access to a registered scaffolder template could manipulate the template in a way that allows for remote code execution on the scaffolder-backend instance. This was only exploitable in the template YAML definition itself and not by user input data. This is vulnerability is fixed in version 1.15.0 of `@backstage/plugin-scaffolder-backend`.
Severity
8.1 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
backstage backstage Affected: < 1.15.0
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2023-35897 (GCVE-0-2023-35897)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-10-06 13:06 – Updated: 2024-09-19 16:04
VLAI
Title
IBM Spectrum Protect code execution
Summary
IBM Spectrum Protect Client and IBM Storage Protect for Virtual Environments 8.1.0.0 through 8.1.19.0 could allow a local user to execute arbitrary code on the system using a specially crafted file, caused by a DLL hijacking flaw. IBM X-Force ID: 259246.
Severity
8.4 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Assigner
ibm
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
IBM Storage Protect Client Affected: 8.1.0.0 , ≤ 8.1.19.0 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
IBM Storage Protect for Virtual Environments Affected: 8.1.0.0 , ≤ 8.1.19.0 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
ibm storage_protect_client Affected: 8.1.0.0 , ≤ 8.1.19.0 (custom)
    cpe:2.3:a:ibm:storage_protect_client:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
 Create a notification for this product.
ibm storage_protect Affected: 8.1.0.0 , ≤ 8.1.19.0 (custom)
    cpe:2.3:a:ibm:storage_protect:*:*:*:*:virtual_environments\:_data_protection_for_hyper-v:*:*:*
 Create a notification for this product.
ibm storage_protect Affected: 8.1.0.0 , ≤ 8.1.19.0 (custom)
    cpe:2.3:a:ibm:storage_protect:*:*:*:*:virtual_environments\:_data_protection_for_vmware:*:*:*
 Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2023-35701 (GCVE-0-2023-35701)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-05-03 08:11 – Updated: 2025-02-13 16:55
VLAI
Title
Apache Hive: Arbitrary command execution via JDBC driver
Summary
Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection') vulnerability in Apache Hive. The vulnerability affects the Hive JDBC driver component and it can potentially lead to arbitrary code execution on the machine/endpoint that the JDBC driver (client) is running. The malicious user must have sufficient permissions to specify/edit JDBC URL(s) in an endpoint relying on the Hive JDBC driver and the JDBC client process must run under a privileged user to fully exploit the vulnerability.  The attacker can setup a malicious HTTP server and specify a JDBC URL pointing towards this server. When a JDBC connection is attempted, the malicious HTTP server can provide a special response with customized payload that can trigger the execution of certain commands in the JDBC client.This issue affects Apache Hive: from 4.0.0-alpha-1 before 4.0.0. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 4.0.0, which fixes the issue.
Severity
6.6 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Apache Software Foundation Apache Hive Affected: 4.0.0-alpha-1 , < 4.0.0 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
apache hive Affected: 4.0.0-alpha-1 , < 4.0.0 (semver)
    cpe:2.3:a:apache:hive:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
 Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Kostya Kortchinsky
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2023-35333 (GCVE-0-2023-35333)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-07-11 17:56 – Updated: 2025-01-01 01:52
VLAI
Title
MediaWiki PandocUpload Extension Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Summary
MediaWiki PandocUpload Extension Remote Code Execution Vulnerability
Severity
8.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:U/RL:O/RC:C
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Microsoft PandocUpload Affected: 1.0.0 , < 1.0.1 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2023-07-11 07:00
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2023-34468 (GCVE-0-2023-34468)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-06-12 15:09 – Updated: 2025-02-13 16:55
VLAI
Title
Apache NiFi: Potential Code Injection with Database Services using H2
Summary
The DBCPConnectionPool and HikariCPConnectionPool Controller Services in Apache NiFi 0.0.2 through 1.21.0 allow an authenticated and authorized user to configure a Database URL with the H2 driver that enables custom code execution. The resolution validates the Database URL and rejects H2 JDBC locations. You are recommended to upgrade to version 1.22.0 or later which fixes this issue.
Severity
8.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Apache Software Foundation Apache NiFi Affected: 0.0.2 , ≤ 1.21.0 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
apache nifi Affected: 0.0.2 , ≤ 1.21.0 (custom)
    cpe:2.3:a:apache:nifi:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
 Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Matei "Mal" Badanoiu
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2023-34330 (GCVE-0-2023-34330)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-07-18 17:12 – Updated: 2025-02-13 16:55
VLAI
Title
Code injection via Dynamic Redfish Extension interface
Summary
AMI SPx contains a vulnerability in the BMC where a user may inject code which could be executed via a Dynamic Redfish Extension interface. A successful exploit of this vulnerability may lead to a loss of confidentiality, integrity, and availability.
Severity
8.2 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Assigner
AMI
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
AMI MegaRAC_SPx12 Affected: 12.0 , < 12.4 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
AMI MegaRAC_SPx13 Affected: 13.0 , < 13.2 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Date Public
2023-07-20 12:00
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2023-34251 (GCVE-0-2023-34251)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-06-14 21:31 – Updated: 2024-12-27 16:52
VLAI
Title
Grav Server Side Template Injection vulnerability
Summary
Grav is a flat-file content management system. Versions prior to 1.7.42 are vulnerable to server side template injection. Remote code execution is possible by embedding malicious PHP code on the administrator screen by a user with page editing privileges. Version 1.7.42 contains a fix for this issue.
Severity
10 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
getgrav grav Affected: < 1.7.42
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2023-34237 (GCVE-0-2023-34237)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-06-07 19:50 – Updated: 2025-02-13 16:55
VLAI
Title
Remote code execution via specially crafted script settings in SABnzbd
Summary
SABnzbd is an open source automated Usenet download tool. A design flaw was discovered in SABnzbd that could allow remote code execution. Manipulating the Parameters setting in the Notification Script functionality allows code execution with the privileges of the SABnzbd process. Exploiting the vulnerabilities requires access to the web interface. Remote exploitation is possible if users[exposed their setup to the internet or other untrusted networks without setting a username/password. By default SABnzbd is only accessible from `localhost`, with no authentication required for the web interface. This issue has been patched in commits `e3a722` and `422b4f` which have been included in the 4.0.2 release. Users are advised to upgrade. Users unable to upgrade should ensure that a username and password have been set if their instance is web accessible.
Severity
8.1 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
CWE
  • CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
sabnzbd sabnzbd Affected: >= 1.1.0, < 4.0.2RC1
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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CVE-2023-34112 (GCVE-0-2023-34112)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2023-06-08 23:05 – Updated: 2025-01-06 19:43
VLAI
Title
JavaCPP project actions vulnerable to code injection
Summary
JavaCPP Presets is a project providing Java distributions of native C++ libraries. All the actions in the `bytedeco/javacpp-presets` use the `github.event.head_commit.message​` parameter in an insecure way. For example, the commit message is used in a run statement - resulting in a command injection vulnerability due to string interpolation. No exploitation has been reported. This issue has been addressed in version 1.5.9. Users of JavaCPP Presets are advised to upgrade as a precaution.
Severity
4.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
bytedeco javacpp-presets Affected: < 1.5.9
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website
To clipboard 

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Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Refactoring

Refactor your program so that you do not have to dynamically generate code.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • Run your code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which code can be executed by your product.
  • Examples include the Unix chroot jail and AppArmor. In general, managed code may provide some protection.
  • This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of your application may still be subject to compromise.
  • Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

  • Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
  • When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
  • Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
  • To reduce the likelihood of code injection, use stringent allowlists that limit which constructs are allowed. If you are dynamically constructing code that invokes a function, then verifying that the input is alphanumeric might be insufficient. An attacker might still be able to reference a dangerous function that you did not intend to allow, such as system(), exec(), or exit().
Mitigation
Testing

Use dynamic tools and techniques that interact with the product using large test suites with many diverse inputs, such as fuzz testing (fuzzing), robustness testing, and fault injection. The product's operation may slow down, but it should not become unstable, crash, or generate incorrect results.

Mitigation MIT-32
Operation

Strategy: Compilation or Build Hardening

Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).

Mitigation MIT-32
Operation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).

Mitigation
Implementation

For Python programs, it is frequently encouraged to use the ast.literal_eval() function instead of eval, since it is intentionally designed to avoid executing code. However, an adversary could still cause excessive memory or stack consumption via deeply nested structures [REF-1372], so the python documentation discourages use of ast.literal_eval() on untrusted data [REF-1373].

CAPEC-242: Code Injection

An adversary exploits a weakness in input validation on the target to inject new code into that which is currently executing. This differs from code inclusion in that code inclusion involves the addition or replacement of a reference to a code file, which is subsequently loaded by the target and used as part of the code of some application.

CAPEC-35: Leverage Executable Code in Non-Executable Files

An attack of this type exploits a system's trust in configuration and resource files. When the executable loads the resource (such as an image file or configuration file) the attacker has modified the file to either execute malicious code directly or manipulate the target process (e.g. application server) to execute based on the malicious configuration parameters. Since systems are increasingly interrelated mashing up resources from local and remote sources the possibility of this attack occurring is high.

CAPEC-77: Manipulating User-Controlled Variables

This attack targets user controlled variables (DEBUG=1, PHP Globals, and So Forth). An adversary can override variables leveraging user-supplied, untrusted query variables directly used on the application server without any data sanitization. In extreme cases, the adversary can change variables controlling the business logic of the application. For instance, in languages like PHP, a number of poorly set default configurations may allow the user to override variables.

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