Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-94

Allowed-with-Review

Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

The product constructs all or part of a code segment using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the syntax or behavior of the intended code segment.

8283 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2024-21351 (GCVE-0-2024-21351)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-02-13 18:02 – Updated: 2025-10-21 23:05
VLAI
Title
Windows SmartScreen Security Feature Bypass Vulnerability
Summary
Windows SmartScreen Security Feature Bypass Vulnerability
SSVC
Exploitation: active Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Microsoft Windows 11 Version 23H2 Affected: 10.0.22631.0 , < 10.0.22631.3155 (custom)
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Microsoft Windows 11 version 22H3 Affected: 10.0.22631.0 , < 10.0.22631.3155 (custom)
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Microsoft Windows 10 Version 1809 Affected: 10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.5458 (custom)
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Microsoft Windows 10 Version 1809 Affected: 10.0.0 , < 10.0.17763.5458 (custom)
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Microsoft Windows Server 2019 Affected: 10.0.17763.0 , < 10.0.17763.5458 (custom)
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Microsoft Windows Server 2022 Affected: 10.0.20348.0 , < 10.0.20348.2322 (custom)
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Microsoft Windows 11 version 21H2 Affected: 10.0.0 , < 10.0.22000.2777 (custom)
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Microsoft Windows 10 Version 21H2 Affected: 10.0.19043.0 , < 10.0.19044.4046 (custom)
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Microsoft Windows 11 version 22H2 Affected: 10.0.22621.0 , < 10.0.22621.3155 (custom)
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Microsoft Windows 10 Version 22H2 Affected: 10.0.19045.0 , < 10.0.19045.4046 (custom)
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Microsoft Windows 10 Version 1507 Affected: 10.0.10240.0 , < 10.0.10240.20469 (custom)
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Microsoft Windows 10 Version 1607 Affected: 10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.6709 (custom)
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Microsoft Windows Server 2016 Affected: 10.0.14393.0 , < 10.0.14393.6709 (custom)
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Date Public
2024-02-13 08:00
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2024-20485 (GCVE-0-2024-20485)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-10-23 17:52 – Updated: 2024-10-26 03:55
VLAI
Summary
A vulnerability in the VPN web server of Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) Software and Cisco Firepower Threat Defense (FTD) Software could allow an authenticated, local attacker to execute arbitrary code with root-level privileges. Administrator-level privileges are required to exploit this vulnerability. This vulnerability is due to improper validation of a specific file when it is read from system flash memory. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by restoring a crafted backup file to an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary code on the affected device after the next reload of the device, which could alter system behavior. Because the injected code could persist across device reboots, Cisco has raised the Security Impact Rating (SIR) of this advisory from Medium to High.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Cisco Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) Software Affected: 9.8.1
Affected: 9.8.1.5
Affected: 9.8.1.7
Affected: 9.8.2
Affected: 9.8.2.8
Affected: 9.8.2.14
Affected: 9.8.2.15
Affected: 9.8.2.17
Affected: 9.8.2.20
Affected: 9.8.2.24
Affected: 9.8.2.26
Affected: 9.8.2.28
Affected: 9.8.2.33
Affected: 9.8.2.35
Affected: 9.8.2.38
Affected: 9.8.3.8
Affected: 9.8.3.11
Affected: 9.8.3.14
Affected: 9.8.3.16
Affected: 9.8.3.18
Affected: 9.8.3.21
Affected: 9.8.3
Affected: 9.8.3.26
Affected: 9.8.3.29
Affected: 9.8.4
Affected: 9.8.4.3
Affected: 9.8.4.7
Affected: 9.8.4.8
Affected: 9.8.4.10
Affected: 9.8.4.12
Affected: 9.8.4.15
Affected: 9.8.4.17
Affected: 9.8.2.45
Affected: 9.8.4.25
Affected: 9.8.4.20
Affected: 9.8.4.22
Affected: 9.8.4.26
Affected: 9.8.4.29
Affected: 9.8.4.32
Affected: 9.8.4.33
Affected: 9.8.4.34
Affected: 9.8.4.35
Affected: 9.8.4.39
Affected: 9.8.4.40
Affected: 9.8.4.41
Affected: 9.8.4.43
Affected: 9.8.4.44
Affected: 9.8.4.45
Affected: 9.8.4.46
Affected: 9.8.4.48
Affected: 9.12.1
Affected: 9.12.1.2
Affected: 9.12.1.3
Affected: 9.12.2
Affected: 9.12.2.4
Affected: 9.12.2.5
Affected: 9.12.2.9
Affected: 9.12.3
Affected: 9.12.3.2
Affected: 9.12.3.7
Affected: 9.12.4
Affected: 9.12.3.12
Affected: 9.12.3.9
Affected: 9.12.2.1
Affected: 9.12.4.2
Affected: 9.12.4.4
Affected: 9.12.4.7
Affected: 9.12.4.10
Affected: 9.12.4.13
Affected: 9.12.4.8
Affected: 9.12.4.18
Affected: 9.12.4.24
Affected: 9.12.4.26
Affected: 9.12.4.29
Affected: 9.12.4.30
Affected: 9.12.4.35
Affected: 9.12.4.37
Affected: 9.12.4.38
Affected: 9.12.4.39
Affected: 9.12.4.40
Affected: 9.12.4.41
Affected: 9.12.4.47
Affected: 9.12.4.48
Affected: 9.12.4.50
Affected: 9.12.4.52
Affected: 9.12.4.54
Affected: 9.12.4.55
Affected: 9.12.4.56
Affected: 9.12.4.58
Affected: 9.12.4.62
Affected: 9.12.4.65
Affected: 9.12.4.67
Affected: 9.14.1
Affected: 9.14.1.10
Affected: 9.14.1.6
Affected: 9.14.1.15
Affected: 9.14.1.19
Affected: 9.14.1.30
Affected: 9.14.2
Affected: 9.14.2.4
Affected: 9.14.2.8
Affected: 9.14.2.13
Affected: 9.14.2.15
Affected: 9.14.3
Affected: 9.14.3.1
Affected: 9.14.3.9
Affected: 9.14.3.11
Affected: 9.14.3.13
Affected: 9.14.3.18
Affected: 9.14.3.15
Affected: 9.14.4
Affected: 9.14.4.6
Affected: 9.14.4.7
Affected: 9.14.4.12
Affected: 9.14.4.13
Affected: 9.14.4.14
Affected: 9.14.4.15
Affected: 9.14.4.17
Affected: 9.14.4.22
Affected: 9.14.4.23
Affected: 9.14.4.24
Affected: 9.15.1
Affected: 9.15.1.7
Affected: 9.15.1.10
Affected: 9.15.1.15
Affected: 9.15.1.16
Affected: 9.15.1.17
Affected: 9.15.1.1
Affected: 9.15.1.21
Affected: 9.16.1
Affected: 9.16.1.28
Affected: 9.16.2
Affected: 9.16.2.3
Affected: 9.16.2.7
Affected: 9.16.2.11
Affected: 9.16.2.13
Affected: 9.16.2.14
Affected: 9.16.3
Affected: 9.16.3.3
Affected: 9.16.3.14
Affected: 9.16.3.15
Affected: 9.16.3.19
Affected: 9.16.3.23
Affected: 9.16.4
Affected: 9.16.4.9
Affected: 9.16.4.14
Affected: 9.16.4.18
Affected: 9.16.4.19
Affected: 9.16.4.27
Affected: 9.16.4.38
Affected: 9.16.4.39
Affected: 9.16.4.42
Affected: 9.16.4.48
Affected: 9.16.4.55
Affected: 9.16.4.57
Affected: 9.17.1
Affected: 9.17.1.7
Affected: 9.17.1.9
Affected: 9.17.1.10
Affected: 9.17.1.11
Affected: 9.17.1.13
Affected: 9.17.1.15
Affected: 9.17.1.20
Affected: 9.17.1.30
Affected: 9.17.1.33
Affected: 9.17.1.39
Affected: 9.18.1
Affected: 9.18.1.3
Affected: 9.18.2
Affected: 9.18.2.5
Affected: 9.18.2.7
Affected: 9.18.2.8
Affected: 9.18.3
Affected: 9.18.3.39
Affected: 9.18.3.46
Affected: 9.18.3.53
Affected: 9.18.3.55
Affected: 9.18.3.56
Affected: 9.18.4
Affected: 9.18.4.5
Affected: 9.18.4.8
Affected: 9.18.4.22
Affected: 9.19.1
Affected: 9.19.1.5
Affected: 9.19.1.9
Affected: 9.19.1.12
Affected: 9.19.1.18
Affected: 9.19.1.22
Affected: 9.19.1.24
Affected: 9.19.1.27
Affected: 9.20.1
Affected: 9.20.1.5
Affected: 9.20.2
Affected: 9.20.2.10
Create a notification for this product.
Cisco Cisco Firepower Threat Defense Software Affected: 6.2.3
Affected: 6.2.3.1
Affected: 6.2.3.2
Affected: 6.2.3.3
Affected: 6.2.3.4
Affected: 6.2.3.5
Affected: 6.2.3.6
Affected: 6.2.3.7
Affected: 6.2.3.8
Affected: 6.2.3.10
Affected: 6.2.3.11
Affected: 6.2.3.9
Affected: 6.2.3.12
Affected: 6.2.3.13
Affected: 6.2.3.14
Affected: 6.2.3.15
Affected: 6.2.3.16
Affected: 6.2.3.17
Affected: 6.2.3.18
Affected: 6.6.0
Affected: 6.6.0.1
Affected: 6.6.1
Affected: 6.6.3
Affected: 6.6.4
Affected: 6.6.5
Affected: 6.6.5.1
Affected: 6.6.5.2
Affected: 6.6.7
Affected: 6.6.7.1
Affected: 6.6.7.2
Affected: 6.4.0
Affected: 6.4.0.1
Affected: 6.4.0.3
Affected: 6.4.0.2
Affected: 6.4.0.4
Affected: 6.4.0.5
Affected: 6.4.0.6
Affected: 6.4.0.7
Affected: 6.4.0.8
Affected: 6.4.0.9
Affected: 6.4.0.10
Affected: 6.4.0.11
Affected: 6.4.0.12
Affected: 6.4.0.13
Affected: 6.4.0.14
Affected: 6.4.0.15
Affected: 6.4.0.16
Affected: 6.4.0.17
Affected: 6.4.0.18
Affected: 6.7.0
Affected: 6.7.0.1
Affected: 6.7.0.2
Affected: 6.7.0.3
Affected: 7.0.0
Affected: 7.0.0.1
Affected: 7.0.1
Affected: 7.0.1.1
Affected: 7.0.2
Affected: 7.0.2.1
Affected: 7.0.3
Affected: 7.0.4
Affected: 7.0.5
Affected: 7.0.6
Affected: 7.0.6.1
Affected: 7.0.6.2
Affected: 7.1.0
Affected: 7.1.0.1
Affected: 7.1.0.2
Affected: 7.1.0.3
Affected: 7.2.0
Affected: 7.2.0.1
Affected: 7.2.1
Affected: 7.2.2
Affected: 7.2.3
Affected: 7.2.4
Affected: 7.2.4.1
Affected: 7.2.5
Affected: 7.2.5.1
Affected: 7.2.6
Affected: 7.2.7
Affected: 7.2.5.2
Affected: 7.2.8
Affected: 7.2.8.1
Affected: 7.3.0
Affected: 7.3.1
Affected: 7.3.1.1
Affected: 7.3.1.2
Affected: 7.4.0
Affected: 7.4.1
Affected: 7.4.1.1
Create a notification for this product.
cisco adaptive_security_appliance_software Affected: 9.8.1
Affected: 9.8.1.5
Affected: 9.8.1.7
Affected: 9.8.2
Affected: 9.8.2.8
Affected: 9.8.2.14
Affected: 9.8.2.15
Affected: 9.8.2.17
Affected: 9.8.2.20
Affected: 9.8.2.24
Affected: 9.8.2.26
Affected: 9.8.2.28
Affected: 9.8.2.33
Affected: 9.8.2.35
Affected: 9.8.2.38
Affected: 9.8.3.8
Affected: 9.8.3.11
Affected: 9.8.3.14
Affected: 9.8.3.16
Affected: 9.8.3.18
Affected: 9.8.3.21
Affected: 9.8.3
Affected: 9.8.3.26
Affected: 9.8.3.29
Affected: 9.8.4
Affected: 9.8.4.3
Affected: 9.8.4.7
Affected: 9.8.4.8
Affected: 9.8.4.10
Affected: 9.8.4.12
Affected: 9.8.4.15
Affected: 9.8.4.17
Affected: 9.8.2.45
Affected: 9.8.4.25
Affected: 9.8.4.20
Affected: 9.8.4.22
Affected: 9.8.4.26
Affected: 9.8.4.29
Affected: 9.8.4.32
Affected: 9.8.4.33
Affected: 9.8.4.34
Affected: 9.8.4.35
Affected: 9.8.4.39
Affected: 9.8.4.40
Affected: 9.8.4.41
Affected: 9.8.4.43
Affected: 9.8.4.44
Affected: 9.8.4.45
Affected: 9.8.4.46
Affected: 9.8.4.48
Affected: 9.12.1
Affected: 9.12.1.2
Affected: 9.12.1.3
Affected: 9.12.2
Affected: 9.12.2.4
Affected: 9.12.2.5
Affected: 9.12.2.9
Affected: 9.12.3
Affected: 9.12.3.2
Affected: 9.12.3.7
Affected: 9.12.4
Affected: 9.12.3.12
Affected: 9.12.3.9
Affected: 9.12.2.1
Affected: 9.12.4.2
Affected: 9.12.4.4
Affected: 9.12.4.7
Affected: 9.12.4.10
Affected: 9.12.4.13
Affected: 9.12.4.8
Affected: 9.12.4.18
Affected: 9.12.4.24
Affected: 9.12.4.26
Affected: 9.12.4.29
Affected: 9.12.4.30
Affected: 9.12.4.35
Affected: 9.12.4.37
Affected: 9.12.4.38
Affected: 9.12.4.39
Affected: 9.12.4.40
Affected: 9.12.4.41
Affected: 9.12.4.47
Affected: 9.12.4.48
Affected: 9.12.4.50
Affected: 9.12.4.52
Affected: 9.12.4.54
Affected: 9.12.4.55
Affected: 9.12.4.56
Affected: 9.12.4.58
Affected: 9.12.4.62
Affected: 9.12.4.65
Affected: 9.12.4.67
Affected: 9.14.1
Affected: 9.14.1.10
Affected: 9.14.1.6
Affected: 9.14.1.15
Affected: 9.14.1.19
Affected: 9.14.1.30
Affected: 9.14.2
Affected: 9.14.2.4
Affected: 9.14.2.8
Affected: 9.14.2.13
Affected: 9.14.2.15
Affected: 9.14.3
Affected: 9.14.3.1
Affected: 9.14.3.9
Affected: 9.14.3.11
Affected: 9.14.3.13
Affected: 9.14.3.18
Affected: 9.14.3.15
Affected: 9.14.4
Affected: 9.14.4.6
Affected: 9.14.4.7
Affected: 9.14.4.12
Affected: 9.14.4.13
Affected: 9.14.4.14
Affected: 9.14.4.15
Affected: 9.14.4.17
Affected: 9.14.4.22
Affected: 9.14.4.23
Affected: 9.14.4.24
Affected: 9.15.1
Affected: 9.15.1.7
Affected: 9.15.1.10
Affected: 9.15.1.15
Affected: 9.15.1.16
Affected: 9.15.1.17
Affected: 9.15.1.1
Affected: 9.15.1.21
Affected: 9.16.1
Affected: 9.16.1.28
Affected: 9.16.2
Affected: 9.16.2.3
Affected: 9.16.2.7
Affected: 9.16.2.11
Affected: 9.16.2.13
Affected: 9.16.2.14
Affected: 9.16.3
Affected: 9.16.3.3
Affected: 9.16.3.14
Affected: 9.16.3.15
Affected: 9.16.3.19
Affected: 9.16.3.23
Affected: 9.16.4
Affected: 9.16.4.9
Affected: 9.16.4.14
Affected: 9.16.4.18
Affected: 9.16.4.19
Affected: 9.16.4.27
Affected: 9.16.4.38
Affected: 9.16.4.39
Affected: 9.16.4.42
Affected: 9.16.4.48
Affected: 9.16.4.55
Affected: 9.16.4.57
Affected: 9.17.1
Affected: 9.17.1.7
Affected: 9.17.1.9
Affected: 9.17.1.10
Affected: 9.17.1.11
Affected: 9.17.1.13
Affected: 9.17.1.15
Affected: 9.17.1.20
Affected: 9.17.1.30
Affected: 9.17.1.33
Affected: 9.17.1.39
Affected: 9.18.1
Affected: 9.18.1.3
Affected: 9.18.2
Affected: 9.18.2.5
Affected: 9.18.2.7
Affected: 9.18.2.8
Affected: 9.18.3
Affected: 9.18.3.39
Affected: 9.18.3.46
Affected: 9.18.3.53
Affected: 9.18.3.55
Affected: 9.18.3.56
Affected: 9.18.4
Affected: 9.18.4.5
Affected: 9.18.4.8
Affected: 9.18.4.22
Affected: 9.19.1
Affected: 9.19.1.5
Affected: 9.19.1.9
Affected: 9.19.1.12
Affected: 9.19.1.18
Affected: 9.19.1.22
Affected: 9.19.1.24
Affected: 9.19.1.27
Affected: 9.20.1
Affected: 9.20.1.5
Affected: 9.20.2
Affected: 9.20.2.10
    cpe:2.3:o:cisco:adaptive_security_appliance_software:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
cisco firepower_threat_defense_software Affected: 6.2.3
Affected: 6.2.3.1
Affected: 6.2.3.2
Affected: 6.2.3.3
Affected: 6.2.3.4
Affected: 6.2.3.5
Affected: 6.2.3.6
Affected: 6.2.3.7
Affected: 6.2.3.8
Affected: 6.2.3.10
Affected: 6.2.3.11
Affected: 6.2.3.9
Affected: 6.2.3.12
Affected: 6.2.3.13
Affected: 6.2.3.14
Affected: 6.2.3.15
Affected: 6.2.3.16
Affected: 6.2.3.17
Affected: 6.2.3.18
Affected: 6.6.0
Affected: 6.6.0.1
Affected: 6.6.1
Affected: 6.6.3
Affected: 6.6.4
Affected: 6.6.5
Affected: 6.6.5.1
Affected: 6.6.5.2
Affected: 6.6.7
Affected: 6.6.7.1
Affected: 6.6.7.2
Affected: 6.4.0
Affected: 6.4.0.1
Affected: 6.4.0.3
Affected: 6.4.0.2
Affected: 6.4.0.4
Affected: 6.4.0.5
Affected: 6.4.0.6
Affected: 6.4.0.7
Affected: 6.4.0.8
Affected: 6.4.0.9
Affected: 6.4.0.10
Affected: 6.4.0.11
Affected: 6.4.0.12
Affected: 6.4.0.13
Affected: 6.4.0.14
Affected: 6.4.0.15
Affected: 6.4.0.16
Affected: 6.4.0.17
Affected: 6.4.0.18
Affected: 6.7.0
Affected: 6.7.0.1
Affected: 6.7.0.2
Affected: 6.7.0.3
Affected: 7.0.0
Affected: 7.0.0.1
Affected: 7.0.1
Affected: 7.0.1.1
Affected: 7.0.2
Affected: 7.0.2.1
Affected: 7.0.3
Affected: 7.0.4
Affected: 7.0.5
Affected: 7.0.6
Affected: 7.0.6.1
Affected: 7.0.6.2
Affected: 7.1.0
Affected: 7.1.0.1
Affected: 7.1.0.2
Affected: 7.1.0.3
Affected: 7.2.0
Affected: 7.2.0.1
Affected: 7.2.1
Affected: 7.2.2
Affected: 7.2.3
Affected: 7.2.4
Affected: 7.2.4.1
Affected: 7.2.5
Affected: 7.2.5.1
Affected: 7.2.6
Affected: 7.2.7
Affected: 7.2.5.2
Affected: 7.2.8
Affected: 7.2.8.1
Affected: 7.3.0
Affected: 7.3.1
Affected: 7.3.1.1
Affected: 7.3.1.2
Affected: 7.4.0
Affected: 7.4.1
Affected: 7.4.1.1
    cpe:2.3:a:cisco:firepower_threat_defense_software:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "affected": [
          {
            "cpes": [
              "cpe:2.3:o:cisco:adaptive_security_appliance_software:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
            ],
            "defaultStatus": "unknown",
            "product": "adaptive_security_appliance_software",
            "vendor": "cisco",
            "versions": [
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.8.1"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.8.1.5"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.8.1.7"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.8.2"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.8.2.8"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.8.2.14"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.8.2.15"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.8.2.17"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.8.2.20"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.8.2.24"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.8.2.26"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.8.2.28"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.8.2.33"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.8.2.35"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.8.2.38"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.8.3.8"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.8.3.11"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.8.3.14"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.8.3.16"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.8.3.18"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.8.3.21"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.8.3"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.8.3.26"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.8.3.29"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.8.4"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.8.4.3"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.8.4.7"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.8.4.8"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.8.4.10"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.8.4.12"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.8.4.15"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.8.4.17"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.8.2.45"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.8.4.25"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.8.4.20"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.8.4.22"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.8.4.26"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.8.4.29"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.8.4.32"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.8.4.33"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.8.4.34"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.8.4.35"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.8.4.39"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.8.4.40"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.8.4.41"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.8.4.43"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.8.4.44"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.8.4.45"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.8.4.46"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.8.4.48"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.12.1"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.12.1.2"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.12.1.3"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.12.2"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.12.2.4"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.12.2.5"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.12.2.9"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.12.3"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.12.3.2"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.12.3.7"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.12.4"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.12.3.12"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.12.3.9"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.12.2.1"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.12.4.2"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.12.4.4"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.12.4.7"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.12.4.10"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.12.4.13"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.12.4.8"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.12.4.18"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.12.4.24"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.12.4.26"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.12.4.29"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.12.4.30"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.12.4.35"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.12.4.37"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.12.4.38"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.12.4.39"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.12.4.40"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.12.4.41"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.12.4.47"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.12.4.48"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.12.4.50"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.12.4.52"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.12.4.54"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.12.4.55"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.12.4.56"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.12.4.58"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.12.4.62"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.12.4.65"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.12.4.67"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.14.1"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.14.1.10"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.14.1.6"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.14.1.15"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.14.1.19"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.14.1.30"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.14.2"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.14.2.4"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.14.2.8"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.14.2.13"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.14.2.15"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.14.3"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.14.3.1"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.14.3.9"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.14.3.11"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.14.3.13"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.14.3.18"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.14.3.15"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.14.4"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.14.4.6"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.14.4.7"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.14.4.12"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.14.4.13"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.14.4.14"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.14.4.15"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.14.4.17"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.14.4.22"
              },
              {
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.14.4.23"
              },
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                "status": "affected",
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              "version": "9.12.4.41"
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              "status": "affected",
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              "status": "affected",
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              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.12.4.52"
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            {
              "status": "affected",
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            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.12.4.55"
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            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.12.4.56"
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            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.12.4.58"
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            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.12.4.62"
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            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.12.4.65"
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            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.12.4.67"
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            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.14.1"
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            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.14.1.10"
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            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.14.1.6"
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            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.14.1.15"
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              "status": "affected",
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            {
              "status": "affected",
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            {
              "status": "affected",
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              "status": "affected",
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            {
              "status": "affected",
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            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.14.2.13"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.14.2.15"
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            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.14.3"
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            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.14.3.1"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.14.3.9"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.14.3.11"
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            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.14.3.13"
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            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.14.3.18"
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            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.14.3.15"
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            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.14.4"
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            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.14.4.6"
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            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.14.4.7"
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            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.14.4.12"
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            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.14.4.13"
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            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.14.4.14"
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            {
              "status": "affected",
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              "status": "affected",
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              "status": "affected",
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              "status": "affected",
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              "status": "affected",
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            {
              "status": "affected",
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            {
              "status": "affected",
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            {
              "status": "affected",
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            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.15.1.15"
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            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.15.1.16"
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            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.15.1.17"
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            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.15.1.1"
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            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.15.1.21"
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            {
              "status": "affected",
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            {
              "status": "affected",
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            {
              "status": "affected",
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              "status": "affected",
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            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.16.2.7"
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            {
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            {
              "status": "affected",
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            {
              "status": "affected",
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            {
              "status": "affected",
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            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.16.3.14"
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            {
              "status": "affected",
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            {
              "status": "affected",
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              "status": "affected",
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              "status": "affected",
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            {
              "status": "affected",
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              "status": "affected",
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              "status": "affected",
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              "status": "affected",
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              "status": "affected",
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            {
              "status": "affected",
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            {
              "status": "affected",
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            {
              "status": "affected",
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            {
              "status": "affected",
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            {
              "status": "affected",
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            {
              "status": "affected",
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            {
              "status": "affected",
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            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
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            {
              "status": "affected",
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            {
              "status": "affected",
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              "status": "affected",
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            {
              "status": "affected",
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            {
              "status": "affected",
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              "status": "affected",
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              "status": "affected",
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              "status": "affected",
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              "status": "affected",
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              "status": "affected",
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              "status": "affected",
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              "status": "affected",
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              "status": "affected",
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              "status": "affected",
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              "status": "affected",
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            {
              "status": "affected",
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            {
              "status": "affected",
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          ]
        },
        {
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          "vendor": "Cisco",
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              "status": "affected",
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            {
              "status": "affected",
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            {
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              "status": "affected",
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              "status": "affected",
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              "status": "affected",
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            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "7.1.0.1"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "7.1.0.2"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "7.1.0.3"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "7.2.0"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "7.2.0.1"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "7.2.1"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "7.2.2"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "7.2.3"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "7.2.4"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "7.2.4.1"
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            {
              "status": "affected",
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              "status": "affected",
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              "status": "affected",
              "version": "7.2.6"
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              "status": "affected",
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              "status": "affected",
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              "status": "affected",
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            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "7.3.0"
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              "status": "affected",
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              "status": "affected",
              "version": "7.3.1.2"
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              "version": "7.4.0"
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          ]
        }
      ],
      "descriptions": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "A vulnerability in the VPN web server of Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) Software and Cisco Firepower Threat Defense (FTD) Software could allow an authenticated, local attacker to execute arbitrary code with root-level privileges. Administrator-level privileges are required to exploit this vulnerability.\r\n\r This vulnerability is due to improper validation of a specific file when it is read from system flash memory. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by restoring a crafted backup file to an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary code on the affected device after the next reload of the device, which could alter system behavior. Because the injected code could persist across device reboots, Cisco has raised the Security Impact Rating (SIR) of this advisory from Medium to High."
        }
      ],
      "exploits": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "value": "The Cisco Product Security Incident Response Team (PSIRT) is not aware of any public announcements or malicious use of the vulnerability that is described in this advisory."
        }
      ],
      "metrics": [
        {
          "cvssV3_1": {
            "attackComplexity": "LOW",
            "attackVector": "LOCAL",
            "availabilityImpact": "NONE",
            "baseScore": 6,
            "baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
            "confidentialityImpact": "HIGH",
            "integrityImpact": "HIGH",
            "privilegesRequired": "HIGH",
            "scope": "UNCHANGED",
            "userInteraction": "NONE",
            "vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
            "version": "3.1"
          },
          "format": "cvssV3_1"
        }
      ],
      "problemTypes": [
        {
          "descriptions": [
            {
              "cweId": "CWE-94",
              "description": "Improper Control of Generation of Code (\u0027Code Injection\u0027)",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "cwe"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2024-10-23T17:52:26.811Z",
        "orgId": "d1c1063e-7a18-46af-9102-31f8928bc633",
        "shortName": "cisco"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "name": "cisco-sa-asaftd-persist-lce-vU3ekMJ3",
          "url": "https://sec.cloudapps.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-asaftd-persist-lce-vU3ekMJ3"
        }
      ],
      "source": {
        "advisory": "cisco-sa-asaftd-persist-lce-vU3ekMJ3",
        "defects": [
          "CSCwj06675"
        ],
        "discovery": "EXTERNAL"
      }
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "d1c1063e-7a18-46af-9102-31f8928bc633",
    "assignerShortName": "cisco",
    "cveId": "CVE-2024-20485",
    "datePublished": "2024-10-23T17:52:26.811Z",
    "dateReserved": "2023-11-08T15:08:07.684Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2024-10-26T03:55:28.678Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.1"
}

CVE-2024-20359 (GCVE-0-2024-20359)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-04-24 18:16 – Updated: 2025-10-21 23:05
VLAI
Summary
A vulnerability in a legacy capability that allowed for the preloading of VPN clients and plug-ins and that has been available in Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) Software and Cisco Firepower Threat Defense (FTD) Software could allow an authenticated, local attacker to execute arbitrary code with root-level privileges. Administrator-level privileges are required to exploit this vulnerability. This vulnerability is due to improper validation of a file when it is read from system flash memory. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by copying a crafted file to the disk0: file system of an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to execute arbitrary code on the affected device after the next reload of the device, which could alter system behavior. Because the injected code could persist across device reboots, Cisco has raised the Security Impact Rating (SIR) of this advisory from Medium to High.
SSVC
Exploitation: active Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
Cisco Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) Software Affected: 9.8.1
Affected: 9.8.1.5
Affected: 9.8.1.7
Affected: 9.8.2
Affected: 9.8.2.8
Affected: 9.8.2.14
Affected: 9.8.2.15
Affected: 9.8.2.17
Affected: 9.8.2.20
Affected: 9.8.2.24
Affected: 9.8.2.26
Affected: 9.8.2.28
Affected: 9.8.2.33
Affected: 9.8.2.35
Affected: 9.8.2.38
Affected: 9.8.3.8
Affected: 9.8.3.11
Affected: 9.8.3.14
Affected: 9.8.3.16
Affected: 9.8.3.18
Affected: 9.8.3.21
Affected: 9.8.3
Affected: 9.8.3.26
Affected: 9.8.3.29
Affected: 9.8.4
Affected: 9.8.4.3
Affected: 9.8.4.7
Affected: 9.8.4.8
Affected: 9.8.4.10
Affected: 9.8.4.12
Affected: 9.8.4.15
Affected: 9.8.4.17
Affected: 9.8.4.25
Affected: 9.8.4.20
Affected: 9.8.4.22
Affected: 9.8.4.26
Affected: 9.8.4.29
Affected: 9.8.4.32
Affected: 9.8.4.33
Affected: 9.8.4.34
Affected: 9.8.4.35
Affected: 9.8.4.39
Affected: 9.8.4.40
Affected: 9.8.4.41
Affected: 9.8.4.43
Affected: 9.8.4.44
Affected: 9.8.4.45
Affected: 9.8.4.46
Affected: 9.8.4.48
Affected: 9.12.1
Affected: 9.12.1.2
Affected: 9.12.1.3
Affected: 9.12.2
Affected: 9.12.2.4
Affected: 9.12.2.5
Affected: 9.12.2.9
Affected: 9.12.3
Affected: 9.12.3.2
Affected: 9.12.3.7
Affected: 9.12.4
Affected: 9.12.3.12
Affected: 9.12.3.9
Affected: 9.12.2.1
Affected: 9.12.4.2
Affected: 9.12.4.4
Affected: 9.12.4.7
Affected: 9.12.4.10
Affected: 9.12.4.13
Affected: 9.12.4.8
Affected: 9.12.4.18
Affected: 9.12.4.24
Affected: 9.12.4.26
Affected: 9.12.4.29
Affected: 9.12.4.30
Affected: 9.12.4.35
Affected: 9.12.4.37
Affected: 9.12.4.38
Affected: 9.12.4.39
Affected: 9.12.4.40
Affected: 9.12.4.41
Affected: 9.12.4.47
Affected: 9.12.4.48
Affected: 9.12.4.50
Affected: 9.12.4.52
Affected: 9.12.4.54
Affected: 9.12.4.55
Affected: 9.12.4.56
Affected: 9.12.4.58
Affected: 9.12.4.62
Affected: 9.12.4.65
Affected: 9.14.1
Affected: 9.14.1.10
Affected: 9.14.1.6
Affected: 9.14.1.15
Affected: 9.14.1.19
Affected: 9.14.1.30
Affected: 9.14.2
Affected: 9.14.2.4
Affected: 9.14.2.8
Affected: 9.14.2.13
Affected: 9.14.2.15
Affected: 9.14.3
Affected: 9.14.3.1
Affected: 9.14.3.9
Affected: 9.14.3.11
Affected: 9.14.3.13
Affected: 9.14.3.18
Affected: 9.14.3.15
Affected: 9.14.4
Affected: 9.14.4.6
Affected: 9.14.4.7
Affected: 9.14.4.12
Affected: 9.14.4.13
Affected: 9.14.4.14
Affected: 9.14.4.15
Affected: 9.14.4.17
Affected: 9.14.4.22
Affected: 9.14.4.23
Affected: 9.15.1
Affected: 9.15.1.7
Affected: 9.15.1.10
Affected: 9.15.1.15
Affected: 9.15.1.16
Affected: 9.15.1.17
Affected: 9.15.1.1
Affected: 9.15.1.21
Affected: 9.16.1
Affected: 9.16.1.28
Affected: 9.16.2
Affected: 9.16.2.3
Affected: 9.16.2.7
Affected: 9.16.2.11
Affected: 9.16.2.13
Affected: 9.16.2.14
Affected: 9.16.3
Affected: 9.16.3.3
Affected: 9.16.3.14
Affected: 9.16.3.15
Affected: 9.16.3.19
Affected: 9.16.3.23
Affected: 9.16.4
Affected: 9.16.4.9
Affected: 9.16.4.14
Affected: 9.16.4.18
Affected: 9.16.4.19
Affected: 9.16.4.27
Affected: 9.16.4.38
Affected: 9.16.4.39
Affected: 9.16.4.42
Affected: 9.16.4.48
Affected: 9.16.4.55
Affected: 9.17.1
Affected: 9.17.1.7
Affected: 9.17.1.9
Affected: 9.17.1.10
Affected: 9.17.1.11
Affected: 9.17.1.13
Affected: 9.17.1.15
Affected: 9.17.1.20
Affected: 9.17.1.30
Affected: 9.17.1.33
Affected: 9.18.1
Affected: 9.18.1.3
Affected: 9.18.2
Affected: 9.18.2.5
Affected: 9.18.2.7
Affected: 9.18.2.8
Affected: 9.18.3
Affected: 9.18.3.39
Affected: 9.18.3.46
Affected: 9.18.3.53
Affected: 9.18.3.55
Affected: 9.18.3.56
Affected: 9.18.4
Affected: 9.18.4.5
Affected: 9.18.4.8
Affected: 9.19.1
Affected: 9.19.1.5
Affected: 9.19.1.9
Affected: 9.19.1.12
Affected: 9.19.1.18
Affected: 9.19.1.22
Affected: 9.19.1.24
Affected: 9.19.1.27
Affected: 9.20.1
Affected: 9.20.1.5
Affected: 9.20.2
Create a notification for this product.
Cisco Cisco Firepower Threat Defense Software Affected: 6.2.3
Affected: 6.2.3.1
Affected: 6.2.3.2
Affected: 6.2.3.3
Affected: 6.2.3.4
Affected: 6.2.3.5
Affected: 6.2.3.6
Affected: 6.2.3.7
Affected: 6.2.3.8
Affected: 6.2.3.10
Affected: 6.2.3.11
Affected: 6.2.3.9
Affected: 6.2.3.12
Affected: 6.2.3.13
Affected: 6.2.3.14
Affected: 6.2.3.15
Affected: 6.2.3.16
Affected: 6.2.3.17
Affected: 6.2.3.18
Affected: 6.6.0
Affected: 6.6.0.1
Affected: 6.6.1
Affected: 6.6.3
Affected: 6.6.4
Affected: 6.6.5
Affected: 6.6.5.1
Affected: 6.6.5.2
Affected: 6.6.7
Affected: 6.6.7.1
Affected: 6.4.0
Affected: 6.4.0.1
Affected: 6.4.0.3
Affected: 6.4.0.2
Affected: 6.4.0.4
Affected: 6.4.0.5
Affected: 6.4.0.6
Affected: 6.4.0.7
Affected: 6.4.0.8
Affected: 6.4.0.9
Affected: 6.4.0.10
Affected: 6.4.0.11
Affected: 6.4.0.12
Affected: 6.4.0.13
Affected: 6.4.0.14
Affected: 6.4.0.15
Affected: 6.4.0.16
Affected: 6.4.0.17
Affected: 6.7.0
Affected: 6.7.0.1
Affected: 6.7.0.2
Affected: 6.7.0.3
Affected: 7.0.0
Affected: 7.0.0.1
Affected: 7.0.1
Affected: 7.0.1.1
Affected: 7.0.2
Affected: 7.0.2.1
Affected: 7.0.3
Affected: 7.0.4
Affected: 7.0.5
Affected: 7.0.6
Affected: 7.0.6.1
Affected: 7.1.0
Affected: 7.1.0.1
Affected: 7.1.0.2
Affected: 7.1.0.3
Affected: 7.2.0
Affected: 7.2.0.1
Affected: 7.2.1
Affected: 7.2.2
Affected: 7.2.3
Affected: 7.2.4
Affected: 7.2.4.1
Affected: 7.2.5
Affected: 7.2.5.1
Affected: 7.3.0
Affected: 7.3.1
Affected: 7.3.1.1
Affected: 7.4.0
Affected: 7.4.1
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cisco asa Affected: 9.12.1 , ≤ 9.12.4.65 (custom)
    cpe:2.3:a:cisco:asa:9.12.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
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cisco asa Affected: 9.14.1 , < 9.14.4.23 (custom)
    cpe:2.3:a:cisco:asa:9.14.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
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cisco asa Affected: 9.15.1 , ≤ 9.15.1.21 (custom)
    cpe:2.3:a:cisco:asa:9.15.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
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cisco asa Affected: 9.16.1 , ≤ 9.16.4.55 (custom)
    cpe:2.3:a:cisco:asa:9.16.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
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cisco asa Affected: 9.17.1 , ≤ 9.17.1.33 (custom)
    cpe:2.3:a:cisco:asa:9.17.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
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cisco asa Affected: 9.18.1 , ≤ 9.18.4.8 (custom)
    cpe:2.3:a:cisco:asa:9.18.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
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cisco asa Affected: 9.19.1 , ≤ 9.19.1.27 (custom)
    cpe:2.3:a:cisco:asa:9.19.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
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cisco asa Affected: 9.20.1 , ≤ 9.20.2 (custom)
    cpe:2.3:a:cisco:asa:9.20.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
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cisco firepower_threat_defense_software Affected: 6.2.3 , ≤ 6.2.3.18 (custom)
    cpe:2.3:a:cisco:firepower_threat_defense_software:6.2.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
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cisco firepower_threat_defense_software Affected: 6.6.0 , ≤ 6.6.7.1 (custom)
    cpe:2.3:a:cisco:firepower_threat_defense_software:6.6.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
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cisco firepower_threat_defense_software Affected: 6.4.0 , ≤ 6.4.0.17 (custom)
    cpe:2.3:a:cisco:firepower_threat_defense_software:6.4.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
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cisco firepower_threat_defense_software Affected: 6.7.0 , ≤ 6.7.0.3 (custom)
    cpe:2.3:a:cisco:firepower_threat_defense_software:6.7.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
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cisco firepower_threat_defense_software Affected: 7.0.0 , ≤ 7.0.6 (custom)
    cpe:2.3:a:cisco:firepower_threat_defense_software:7.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
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cisco firepower_threat_defense_software Affected: 7.1.0 , ≤ 7.1.0.3 (custom)
    cpe:2.3:a:cisco:firepower_threat_defense_software:7.1.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
cisco firepower_threat_defense_software Affected: 7.2.0 , ≤ 7.2.4.1 (custom)
    cpe:2.3:a:cisco:firepower_threat_defense_software:7.2.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
cisco firepower_threat_defense_software Affected: 7.3.0 , ≤ 7.3.1.1 (custom)
    cpe:2.3:a:cisco:firepower_threat_defense_software:7.3.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
cisco firepower_threat_defense_software Affected: 7.4.0 , ≤ 7.4.1 (custom)
    cpe:2.3:a:cisco:firepower_threat_defense_software:7.4.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
cisco asa Affected: 9.8.1 , ≤ 9.8.4.48 (custom)
    cpe:2.3:a:cisco:asa:9.8.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
Create a notification for this product.
Show details on NVD website

{
  "containers": {
    "adp": [
      {
        "affected": [
          {
            "cpes": [
              "cpe:2.3:a:cisco:asa:9.12.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
            ],
            "defaultStatus": "unknown",
            "product": "asa",
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            ],
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            "versions": [
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              }
            ]
          },
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            ],
            "defaultStatus": "unknown",
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            "vendor": "cisco",
            "versions": [
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              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "cpes": [
              "cpe:2.3:a:cisco:asa:9.16.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
            ],
            "defaultStatus": "unknown",
            "product": "asa",
            "vendor": "cisco",
            "versions": [
              {
                "lessThanOrEqual": "9.16.4.55",
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.16.1",
                "versionType": "custom"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "cpes": [
              "cpe:2.3:a:cisco:asa:9.17.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
            ],
            "defaultStatus": "unknown",
            "product": "asa",
            "vendor": "cisco",
            "versions": [
              {
                "lessThanOrEqual": "9.17.1.33",
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.17.1",
                "versionType": "custom"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "cpes": [
              "cpe:2.3:a:cisco:asa:9.18.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
            ],
            "defaultStatus": "unknown",
            "product": "asa",
            "vendor": "cisco",
            "versions": [
              {
                "lessThanOrEqual": "9.18.4.8",
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.18.1",
                "versionType": "custom"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "cpes": [
              "cpe:2.3:a:cisco:asa:9.19.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
            ],
            "defaultStatus": "unknown",
            "product": "asa",
            "vendor": "cisco",
            "versions": [
              {
                "lessThanOrEqual": "9.19.1.27",
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.19.1",
                "versionType": "custom"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "cpes": [
              "cpe:2.3:a:cisco:asa:9.20.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
            ],
            "defaultStatus": "unknown",
            "product": "asa",
            "vendor": "cisco",
            "versions": [
              {
                "lessThanOrEqual": "9.20.2",
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.20.1",
                "versionType": "custom"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "cpes": [
              "cpe:2.3:a:cisco:firepower_threat_defense_software:6.2.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
            ],
            "defaultStatus": "unknown",
            "product": "firepower_threat_defense_software",
            "vendor": "cisco",
            "versions": [
              {
                "lessThanOrEqual": "6.2.3.18",
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "6.2.3",
                "versionType": "custom"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "cpes": [
              "cpe:2.3:a:cisco:firepower_threat_defense_software:6.6.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
            ],
            "defaultStatus": "unknown",
            "product": "firepower_threat_defense_software",
            "vendor": "cisco",
            "versions": [
              {
                "lessThanOrEqual": "6.6.7.1",
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "6.6.0",
                "versionType": "custom"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "cpes": [
              "cpe:2.3:a:cisco:firepower_threat_defense_software:6.4.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
            ],
            "defaultStatus": "unknown",
            "product": "firepower_threat_defense_software",
            "vendor": "cisco",
            "versions": [
              {
                "lessThanOrEqual": "6.4.0.17",
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "6.4.0",
                "versionType": "custom"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "cpes": [
              "cpe:2.3:a:cisco:firepower_threat_defense_software:6.7.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
            ],
            "defaultStatus": "unknown",
            "product": "firepower_threat_defense_software",
            "vendor": "cisco",
            "versions": [
              {
                "lessThanOrEqual": "6.7.0.3",
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "6.7.0",
                "versionType": "custom"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "cpes": [
              "cpe:2.3:a:cisco:firepower_threat_defense_software:7.0.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
            ],
            "defaultStatus": "unknown",
            "product": "firepower_threat_defense_software",
            "vendor": "cisco",
            "versions": [
              {
                "lessThanOrEqual": "7.0.6",
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "7.0.0",
                "versionType": "custom"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "cpes": [
              "cpe:2.3:a:cisco:firepower_threat_defense_software:7.1.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
            ],
            "defaultStatus": "unknown",
            "product": "firepower_threat_defense_software",
            "vendor": "cisco",
            "versions": [
              {
                "lessThanOrEqual": "7.1.0.3",
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "7.1.0",
                "versionType": "custom"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "cpes": [
              "cpe:2.3:a:cisco:firepower_threat_defense_software:7.2.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
            ],
            "defaultStatus": "unknown",
            "product": "firepower_threat_defense_software",
            "vendor": "cisco",
            "versions": [
              {
                "lessThanOrEqual": "7.2.4.1",
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "7.2.0",
                "versionType": "custom"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "cpes": [
              "cpe:2.3:a:cisco:firepower_threat_defense_software:7.3.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
            ],
            "defaultStatus": "unknown",
            "product": "firepower_threat_defense_software",
            "vendor": "cisco",
            "versions": [
              {
                "lessThanOrEqual": "7.3.1.1",
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "7.3.0",
                "versionType": "custom"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "cpes": [
              "cpe:2.3:a:cisco:firepower_threat_defense_software:7.4.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
            ],
            "defaultStatus": "unknown",
            "product": "firepower_threat_defense_software",
            "vendor": "cisco",
            "versions": [
              {
                "lessThanOrEqual": "7.4.1",
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "7.4.0",
                "versionType": "custom"
              }
            ]
          },
          {
            "cpes": [
              "cpe:2.3:a:cisco:asa:9.8.1:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
            ],
            "defaultStatus": "unknown",
            "product": "asa",
            "vendor": "cisco",
            "versions": [
              {
                "lessThanOrEqual": "9.8.4.48",
                "status": "affected",
                "version": "9.8.1",
                "versionType": "custom"
              }
            ]
          }
        ],
        "metrics": [
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "id": "CVE-2024-20359",
                "options": [
                  {
                    "Exploitation": "active"
                  },
                  {
                    "Automatable": "no"
                  },
                  {
                    "Technical Impact": "partial"
                  }
                ],
                "role": "CISA Coordinator",
                "timestamp": "2024-04-30T13:04:16.676593Z",
                "version": "2.0.3"
              },
              "type": "ssvc"
            }
          },
          {
            "other": {
              "content": {
                "dateAdded": "2024-04-24",
                "reference": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2024-20359"
              },
              "type": "kev"
            }
          }
        ],
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2025-10-21T23:05:20.462Z",
          "orgId": "134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0",
          "shortName": "CISA-ADP"
        },
        "references": [
          {
            "tags": [
              "exploit"
            ],
            "url": "https://blog.talosintelligence.com/arcanedoor-new-espionage-focused-campaign-found-targeting-perimeter-network-devices/"
          },
          {
            "tags": [
              "government-resource"
            ],
            "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2024-20359"
          }
        ],
        "timeline": [
          {
            "lang": "en",
            "time": "2024-04-24T00:00:00.000Z",
            "value": "CVE-2024-20359 added to CISA KEV"
          }
        ],
        "title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
      },
      {
        "providerMetadata": {
          "dateUpdated": "2024-08-01T21:59:42.379Z",
          "orgId": "af854a3a-2127-422b-91ae-364da2661108",
          "shortName": "CVE"
        },
        "references": [
          {
            "name": "cisco-sa-asaftd-persist-rce-FLsNXF4h",
            "tags": [
              "x_transferred"
            ],
            "url": "https://sec.cloudapps.cisco.com/security/center/content/CiscoSecurityAdvisory/cisco-sa-asaftd-persist-rce-FLsNXF4h"
          }
        ],
        "title": "CVE Program Container"
      }
    ],
    "cna": {
      "affected": [
        {
          "product": "Cisco Adaptive Security Appliance (ASA) Software",
          "vendor": "Cisco",
          "versions": [
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.8.1"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.8.1.5"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.8.1.7"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.8.2"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.8.2.8"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.8.2.14"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.8.2.15"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.8.2.17"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.8.2.20"
            },
            {
              "status": "affected",
              "version": "9.8.2.24"
            },
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CVE-2024-14020 (GCVE-0-2024-14020)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-01-07 00:02 – Updated: 2026-02-23 08:19 X_Open Source
VLAI
Title
carboneio carbone Formatter input.js prototype pollution
Summary
A weakness has been identified in carboneio carbone up to fbcd349077ad0e8748be73eab2a82ea92b6f8a7e. This impacts an unknown function of the file lib/input.js of the component Formatter Handler. Executing a manipulation can lead to improperly controlled modification of object prototype attributes. The attack can be launched remotely. This attack is characterized by high complexity. The exploitability is said to be difficult. Upgrading to version 3.5.6 will fix this issue. This patch is called 04f9feb24bfca23567706392f9ad2c53bbe4134e. You should upgrade the affected component. A successful exploitation can "only occur if the parent NodeJS application has the same security issue".
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-1321 - Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes
  • CWE-94 - Code Injection
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
carboneio carbone Affected: fbcd349077ad0e8748be73eab2a82ea92b6f8a7e
Unaffected: 3.5.6
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
VulDB GitHub Commit Analyzer
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2024-13952 (GCVE-0-2024-13952)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-22 18:27 – Updated: 2025-05-22 18:40
VLAI
Title
Remote Code Execution
Summary
Predictable filename vulnerabilities in ASPECT may expose sensitive information to a potential attacker if administrator credentials become compromisedThis issue affects ASPECT-Enterprise: through 3.*; NEXUS Series: through 3.*; MATRIX Series: through 3.*.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code
Assigner
ABB
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
ABB ASPECT-Enterprise Affected: 0 , ≤ 3.* (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
ABB NEXUS Series Affected: 0 , ≤ 3.* (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
ABB MATRIX Series Affected: 0 , ≤ 3.* (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
ABB likes to thank Gjoko Krstikj, Zero Science Lab, for reporting the vulnerabilities in responsible disclosure
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2024-13929 (GCVE-0-2024-13929)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-22 17:53 – Updated: 2025-05-22 18:45
VLAI
Title
Authenticated Servlet Command Injection
Summary
Servlet injection vulnerabilities in ASPECT allow remote code execution if session administrator credentials become compromised. This issue affects ASPECT-Enterprise: through 3.08.03; NEXUS Series: through 3.08.03; MATRIX Series: through 3.08.03.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Assigner
ABB
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
ABB ASPECT-Enterprise Affected: 0 , ≤ 3.08.03 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
ABB NEXUS Series Affected: 0 , ≤ 3.08.03 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
ABB MATRIX Series Affected: 0 , ≤ 3.08.03 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
ABB likes to thank Gjoko Krstikj, Zero Science Lab, for reporting the vulnerabilities in responsible disclosure
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2024-13928 (GCVE-0-2024-13928)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-05-22 17:51 – Updated: 2025-05-22 18:36
VLAI
Title
Authenticated SQL Injection
Summary
SQL injection vulnerabilities in ASPECT allow unintended access and manipulation of database repositories if session administrator credentials become compromised. This issue affects ASPECT-Enterprise: through 3.08.03; NEXUS Series: through 3.08.03; MATRIX Series: through 3.08.03.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Assigner
ABB
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
ABB ASPECT-Enterprise Affected: 0 , ≤ 3.08.03 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
ABB NEXUS Series Affected: 0 , ≤ 3.08.03 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
ABB MATRIX Series Affected: 0 , ≤ 3.08.03 (custom)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
ABB likes to thank Gjoko Krstikj, Zero Science Lab, for reporting the vulnerabilities in responsible disclosure
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2024-13902 (GCVE-0-2024-13902)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-03-06 10:00 – Updated: 2025-03-06 16:23
VLAI
Title
huang-yk student-manage Edit a Student Information Page cross site scripting
Summary
A vulnerability, which was classified as problematic, was found in huang-yk student-manage 1.0. This affects an unknown part of the component Edit a Student Information Page. The manipulation of the argument Class leads to cross site scripting. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
SSVC
Exploitation: poc Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
URL Tags
https://vuldb.com/?id.298785 vdb-entrytechnical-description
https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.298785 signaturepermissions-required
https://gitee.com/huang-yk/student-manage/issues/I9UXC4 exploitissue-tracking
Impacted products
Credits
VulDB Gitee Analyzer
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2024-13900 (GCVE-0-2024-13900)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-02-21 11:09 – Updated: 2026-04-08 16:52
VLAI
Title
Head, Footer and Post Injections <= 3.3.0 - Authenticated (Administrator+) PHP Code Injection in Multisite Environments
Summary
The Head, Footer and Post Injections plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to PHP Code Injection in all versions up to, and including, 3.3.0. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Administrator-level access and above, to inject PHP Code in multisite environments.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
satollo Head, Footer and Post Injections Affected: 0 , ≤ 3.3.0 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Francesco Carlucci
Show details on NVD website

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CVE-2024-13895 (GCVE-0-2024-13895)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2025-03-08 02:24 – Updated: 2026-04-08 16:57
VLAI
Title
Code Snippets CPT <= 2.1.0 - Authenticated (Subscriber+) Arbitrary Shortcode Execution
Summary
The The Code Snippets CPT plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to arbitrary shortcode execution in all versions up to, and including, 2.1.0. This is due to the software allowing users to execute an action that does not properly validate a value before running do_shortcode. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Subscriber-level access and above, to execute arbitrary shortcodes.
SSVC
Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
  • CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
Assigner
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
jtsternberg Code Snippets CPT Affected: 0 , ≤ 2.1.0 (semver)
Create a notification for this product.
Credits
Francesco Carlucci
Show details on NVD website

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              "description": "CWE-94 Improper Control of Generation of Code (\u0027Code Injection\u0027)",
              "lang": "en",
              "type": "CWE"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
      "providerMetadata": {
        "dateUpdated": "2026-04-08T16:57:55.731Z",
        "orgId": "b15e7b5b-3da4-40ae-a43c-f7aa60e62599",
        "shortName": "Wordfence"
      },
      "references": [
        {
          "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/65f521f4-1968-4c43-a3f0-b0f81632d7aa?source=cve"
        },
        {
          "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/code-snippets-cpt/trunk/lib/CodeSnippitButton.php#L201"
        }
      ],
      "timeline": [
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "time": "2025-03-07T14:14:46.000Z",
          "value": "Disclosed"
        }
      ],
      "title": "Code Snippets CPT \u003c= 2.1.0 - Authenticated (Subscriber+) Arbitrary Shortcode Execution"
    }
  },
  "cveMetadata": {
    "assignerOrgId": "b15e7b5b-3da4-40ae-a43c-f7aa60e62599",
    "assignerShortName": "Wordfence",
    "cveId": "CVE-2024-13895",
    "datePublished": "2025-03-08T02:24:04.601Z",
    "dateReserved": "2025-02-20T16:13:21.401Z",
    "dateUpdated": "2026-04-08T16:57:55.731Z",
    "state": "PUBLISHED"
  },
  "dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
  "dataVersion": "5.2"
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Refactoring

Refactor your program so that you do not have to dynamically generate code.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • Run your code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which code can be executed by your product.
  • Examples include the Unix chroot jail and AppArmor. In general, managed code may provide some protection.
  • This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of your application may still be subject to compromise.
  • Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

  • Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
  • When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
  • Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
  • To reduce the likelihood of code injection, use stringent allowlists that limit which constructs are allowed. If you are dynamically constructing code that invokes a function, then verifying that the input is alphanumeric might be insufficient. An attacker might still be able to reference a dangerous function that you did not intend to allow, such as system(), exec(), or exit().
Mitigation
Testing

Use dynamic tools and techniques that interact with the product using large test suites with many diverse inputs, such as fuzz testing (fuzzing), robustness testing, and fault injection. The product's operation may slow down, but it should not become unstable, crash, or generate incorrect results.

Mitigation MIT-32
Operation

Strategy: Compilation or Build Hardening

Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).

Mitigation MIT-32
Operation

Strategy: Environment Hardening

Run the code in an environment that performs automatic taint propagation and prevents any command execution that uses tainted variables, such as Perl's "-T" switch. This will force the program to perform validation steps that remove the taint, although you must be careful to correctly validate your inputs so that you do not accidentally mark dangerous inputs as untainted (see CWE-183 and CWE-184).

Mitigation
Implementation

For Python programs, it is frequently encouraged to use the ast.literal_eval() function instead of eval, since it is intentionally designed to avoid executing code. However, an adversary could still cause excessive memory or stack consumption via deeply nested structures [REF-1372], so the python documentation discourages use of ast.literal_eval() on untrusted data [REF-1373].

CAPEC-242: Code Injection

An adversary exploits a weakness in input validation on the target to inject new code into that which is currently executing. This differs from code inclusion in that code inclusion involves the addition or replacement of a reference to a code file, which is subsequently loaded by the target and used as part of the code of some application.

CAPEC-35: Leverage Executable Code in Non-Executable Files

An attack of this type exploits a system's trust in configuration and resource files. When the executable loads the resource (such as an image file or configuration file) the attacker has modified the file to either execute malicious code directly or manipulate the target process (e.g. application server) to execute based on the malicious configuration parameters. Since systems are increasingly interrelated mashing up resources from local and remote sources the possibility of this attack occurring is high.

CAPEC-77: Manipulating User-Controlled Variables

This attack targets user controlled variables (DEBUG=1, PHP Globals, and So Forth). An adversary can override variables leveraging user-supplied, untrusted query variables directly used on the application server without any data sanitization. In extreme cases, the adversary can change variables controlling the business logic of the application. For instance, in languages like PHP, a number of poorly set default configurations may allow the user to override variables.