Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-918

Allowed

Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)

Abstraction: Base · Status: Incomplete

The web server receives a URL or similar request from an upstream component and retrieves the contents of this URL, but it does not sufficiently ensure that the request is being sent to the expected destination.

4687 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-MQ84-HJQX-CWF2

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-10-29 09:30 – Updated: 2025-10-29 16:04
VLAI
Summary
Keras is vulnerable to arbitrary local file loading and Server-Side Request Forgery
Details

The Keras.Model.load_model method, including when executed with the intended security mitigation safe_mode=True, is vulnerable to arbitrary local file loading and Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF).

This vulnerability stems from the way the StringLookup layer is handled during model loading from a specially crafted .keras archive. The constructor for the StringLookup layer accepts a vocabulary argument that can specify a local file path or a remote file path.

  • Arbitrary Local File Read: An attacker can create a malicious .keras file that embeds a local path in the StringLookup layer's configuration. When the model is loaded, Keras will attempt to read the content of the specified local file and incorporate it into the model state (e.g., retrievable via get_vocabulary()), allowing an attacker to read arbitrary local files on the hosting system.

  • Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF): Keras utilizes tf.io.gfile for file operations. Since tf.io.gfile supports remote filesystem handlers (such as GCS and HDFS) and HTTP/HTTPS protocols, the same mechanism can be leveraged to fetch content from arbitrary network endpoints on the server's behalf, resulting in an SSRF condition.

The security issue is that the feature allowing external path loading was not properly restricted by the safe_mode=True flag, which was intended to prevent such unintended data access.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "keras"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3.12.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-12058"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-502",
      "CWE-918"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2025-10-29T16:04:40Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-10-29T09:15:35Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The Keras.Model.load_model method, including when executed with the intended security mitigation safe_mode=True, is vulnerable to arbitrary local file loading and Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF).\n\n\nThis vulnerability stems from the way the StringLookup layer is handled during model loading from a specially crafted .keras archive. The constructor for the StringLookup layer accepts a vocabulary argument that can specify a local file path or a remote file path.\n\n  *  Arbitrary Local File Read: An attacker can create a malicious .keras file that embeds a local path in the StringLookup layer\u0027s configuration. When the model is loaded, Keras will attempt to read the content of the specified local file and incorporate it into the model state (e.g., retrievable via get_vocabulary()), allowing an attacker to read arbitrary local files on the hosting system.\n\n\n  *  Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF): Keras utilizes tf.io.gfile for file operations. Since tf.io.gfile supports remote filesystem handlers (such as GCS and HDFS) and HTTP/HTTPS protocols, the same mechanism can be leveraged to fetch content from arbitrary network endpoints on the server\u0027s behalf, resulting in an SSRF condition.\n\n\nThe security issue is that the feature allowing external path loading was not properly restricted by the safe_mode=True flag, which was intended to prevent such unintended data access.",
  "id": "GHSA-mq84-hjqx-cwf2",
  "modified": "2025-10-29T16:04:40Z",
  "published": "2025-10-29T09:30:22Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/keras-team/keras/security/advisories/GHSA-qg93-c7p6-gg7f"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-12058"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/keras-team/keras/pull/21751"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/keras-team/keras/commit/61ac8c1e51862c471dee7b49029c356f55531487"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/keras-team/keras"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-12058"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:A/AC:H/AT:P/PR:L/UI:P/VC:H/VI:L/VA:L/SC:H/SI:L/SA:L/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Keras is vulnerable to arbitrary local file loading and Server-Side Request Forgery"
}

GHSA-MQFV-J8MC-8HP5

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-11 12:30 – Updated: 2026-02-11 12:30
VLAI
Details

GitLab has remediated an issue in GitLab EE affecting all versions from 18.0 before 18.6.6, 18.7 before 18.7.4, and 18.8 before 18.8.4 that, under certain conditions could have allowed an authenticated user with certain permissions to make unauthorized requests to internal network services through the GitLab server.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-12575"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-918"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-02-11T12:16:02Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "GitLab has remediated an issue in GitLab EE affecting all versions from 18.0 before 18.6.6, 18.7 before 18.7.4, and 18.8 before 18.8.4 that, under certain conditions could have allowed an authenticated user with certain permissions to make unauthorized requests to internal network services through the GitLab server.",
  "id": "GHSA-mqfv-j8mc-8hp5",
  "modified": "2026-02-11T12:30:21Z",
  "published": "2026-02-11T12:30:21Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-12575"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://hackerone.com/reports/3397752"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://about.gitlab.com/releases/2026/02/10/patch-release-gitlab-18-8-4-released"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/579171"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-MQPC-V236-V2QJ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-07-28 00:00 – Updated: 2022-08-04 00:00
VLAI
Details

OX App Suite through 7.10.6 allows SSRF because multipart/form-data boundaries are predictable, and this can lead to injection into internal Documentconverter API calls.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-24406"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-918"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-07-27T14:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "OX App Suite through 7.10.6 allows SSRF because multipart/form-data boundaries are predictable, and this can lead to injection into internal Documentconverter API calls.",
  "id": "GHSA-mqpc-v236-v2qj",
  "modified": "2022-08-04T00:00:23Z",
  "published": "2022-07-28T00:00:49Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-24406"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://open-xchange.com"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2022/Jul/11"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-MQQR-FMXW-GHXX

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-03 00:00 – Updated: 2022-05-10 00:00
VLAI
Details

The HubSpot WordPress plugin before 8.8.15 does not validate the proxy URL given to the proxy REST endpoint, which could allow users with the edit_posts capability (by default contributor and above) to perform SSRF attacks

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-1239"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-918"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-05-02T16:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "The HubSpot WordPress plugin before 8.8.15 does not validate the proxy URL given to the proxy REST endpoint, which could allow users with the edit_posts capability (by default contributor and above) to perform SSRF attacks",
  "id": "GHSA-mqqr-fmxw-ghxx",
  "modified": "2022-05-10T00:00:30Z",
  "published": "2022-05-03T00:00:40Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-1239"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://wpscan.com/vulnerability/4ad2bb96-87a4-4590-a058-b03b33d2fcee"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-MQRM-H2PW-9J9R

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-19 15:31 – Updated: 2025-03-21 18:31
VLAI
Details

Applications that use Wget to access a remote resource using shorthand URLs and pass arbitrary user credentials in the URL are vulnerable. In these cases attackers can enter crafted credentials which will cause Wget to access an arbitrary host.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-10524"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-918"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-11-19T15:15:06Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Applications that use Wget to access a remote resource using shorthand URLs and pass arbitrary user credentials in the URL are vulnerable. In these cases attackers can enter crafted credentials which will cause Wget to access an arbitrary host.",
  "id": "GHSA-mqrm-h2pw-9j9r",
  "modified": "2025-03-21T18:31:29Z",
  "published": "2024-11-19T15:31:54Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-10524"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://git.savannah.gnu.org/cgit/wget.git/commit/?id=c419542d956a2607bbce5df64b9d378a8588d778"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://jfrog.com/blog/cve-2024-10524-wget-zero-day-vulnerability"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://seclists.org/oss-sec/2024/q4/107"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20250321-0007"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2024/11/18/6"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-MQXM-PGXG-3PR2

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-14 21:32 – Updated: 2026-07-14 21:32
VLAI
Details

Adobe Experience Manager is affected by a Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. A low-privileged attacker could leverage this vulnerability to issue unauthorized server-side requests, potentially gaining elevated access or control over the victim's account or session. Exploitation of this issue does not require user interaction. Scope is changed.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-48259"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-918"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-07-14T20:17:06Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Adobe Experience Manager is affected by a Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability that could result in arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. A low-privileged attacker could leverage this vulnerability to issue unauthorized server-side requests, potentially gaining elevated access or control over the victim\u0027s account or session. Exploitation of this issue does not require user interaction. Scope is changed.",
  "id": "GHSA-mqxm-pgxg-3pr2",
  "modified": "2026-07-14T21:32:18Z",
  "published": "2026-07-14T21:32:18Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-48259"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/experience-manager/apsb26-74.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-MR2G-87R5-J9X5

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-04-18 15:30 – Updated: 2024-04-18 15:30
VLAI
Details

A server-side request forgery (SSRF) was discovered in the Akana Community Manager Developer Portal in versions prior to and including 2022.1.3. Reported by Jakob Antonsson.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-2796"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-918"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-04-18T15:15:29Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "A server-side request forgery (SSRF) was discovered in the Akana Community Manager Developer Portal in versions prior to and including 2022.1.3. Reported by Jakob Antonsson.\n\n",
  "id": "GHSA-mr2g-87r5-j9x5",
  "modified": "2024-04-18T15:30:49Z",
  "published": "2024-04-18T15:30:49Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-2796"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://portal.perforce.com/s/detail/a91PA000001STuXYAW"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-MR4R-HCGX-8P4H

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-14 00:31 – Updated: 2026-07-14 00:31
VLAI
Details

CrewAI before 1.15.1 contains a server-side request forgery vulnerability in the validate_url function that performs one-shot DNS resolution and blocklist checks before returning the original URL unchanged. Attackers can bypass the security filter by supplying URLs that redirect to internal addresses or use DNS rebinding techniques to access internal services and cloud metadata endpoints.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-62240"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-918"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-07-13T22:16:52Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "CrewAI before 1.15.1 contains a server-side request forgery vulnerability in the validate_url function that performs one-shot DNS resolution and blocklist checks before returning the original URL unchanged. Attackers can bypass the security filter by supplying URLs that redirect to internal addresses or use DNS rebinding techniques to access internal services and cloud metadata endpoints.",
  "id": "GHSA-mr4r-hcgx-8p4h",
  "modified": "2026-07-14T00:31:04Z",
  "published": "2026-07-14T00:31:04Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-62240"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/crewAIInc/crewAI/issues/6520"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/crewAIInc/crewAI/pull/6331"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/crewAIInc/crewAI/commit/5d4851eac797cafc45b726f65747fe2c9520fc42"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/crewAIInc/crewAI/releases/tag/1.15.1"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/crewai-ssrf-filter-bypass-via-http-redirect-in-scrape-tools"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-MR53-PPCX-5XQW

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-04-15 12:30 – Updated: 2026-04-01 18:34
VLAI
Details

Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability in EPC Photography. This issue affects Photography: from n/a through 7.5.2.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-30964"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-918"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-04-15T12:15:22Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability in EPC Photography. This issue affects Photography: from n/a through 7.5.2.",
  "id": "GHSA-mr53-ppcx-5xqw",
  "modified": "2026-04-01T18:34:42Z",
  "published": "2025-04-15T12:30:25Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-30964"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/theme/photography/vulnerability/wordpress-photography-theme-7-5-2-server-side-request-forgery-ssrf-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-MR76-PVC2-W479

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-01-09 09:31 – Updated: 2025-01-09 15:31
VLAI
Details

A Server-Side Request Forgery vulnerability in the SonicOS SSH management interface allows a remote attacker to establish a TCP connection to an IP address on any port when the user is logged in to the firewall.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-53705"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-918"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-01-09T07:15:27Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A Server-Side Request Forgery vulnerability in the SonicOS SSH management interface allows a remote attacker to establish a TCP connection to an IP address on any port when the user is logged in to the firewall.",
  "id": "GHSA-mr76-pvc2-w479",
  "modified": "2025-01-09T15:31:51Z",
  "published": "2025-01-09T09:31:42Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-53705"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://psirt.global.sonicwall.com/vuln-detail/SNWLID-2025-0003"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

No mitigation information available for this CWE.

CAPEC-664: Server Side Request Forgery

An adversary exploits improper input validation by submitting maliciously crafted input to a target application running on a server, with the goal of forcing the server to make a request either to itself, to web services running in the server’s internal network, or to external third parties. If successful, the adversary’s request will be made with the server’s privilege level, bypassing its authentication controls. This ultimately allows the adversary to access sensitive data, execute commands on the server’s network, and make external requests with the stolen identity of the server. Server Side Request Forgery attacks differ from Cross Site Request Forgery attacks in that they target the server itself, whereas CSRF attacks exploit an insecure user authentication mechanism to perform unauthorized actions on the user's behalf.