Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-918

Allowed

Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)

Abstraction: Base · Status: Incomplete

The web server receives a URL or similar request from an upstream component and retrieves the contents of this URL, but it does not sufficiently ensure that the request is being sent to the expected destination.

4755 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-G3VP-W6M7-PM74

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:15 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:15
VLAI
Details

The third party intelligence connector in Securonix SNYPR 6.3.1 Build 184295_0302 allows an authenticated user to obtain access to server configuration details via SSRF.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-41385"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-918"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-09-27T06:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The third party intelligence connector in Securonix SNYPR 6.3.1 Build 184295_0302 allows an authenticated user to obtain access to server configuration details via SSRF.",
  "id": "GHSA-g3vp-w6m7-pm74",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T19:15:54Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T19:15:54Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-41385"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://documentation.securonix.com/onlinedoc/Content/Product%20Security/Content/Product%20Security/Authenticated%20SSRF%20in%20TPI.htm"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-G3W3-X2XJ-4585

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 01:46 – Updated: 2022-05-14 01:46
VLAI
Details

admin/functions/remote.php in Interspire Email Marketer through 6.1.6 has Server Side Request Forgery (SSRF) via a what=importurl&url= request with an http or https URL. This also allows reading local files with a file: URL.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2018-19651"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-918"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2018-11-28T22:29:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "admin/functions/remote.php in Interspire Email Marketer through 6.1.6 has Server Side Request Forgery (SSRF) via a what=importurl\u0026url= request with an http or https URL. This also allows reading local files with a file: URL.",
  "id": "GHSA-g3w3-x2xj-4585",
  "modified": "2022-05-14T01:46:42Z",
  "published": "2022-05-14T01:46:42Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-19651"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://medium.com/@namhb/ssrf-to-lfi-in-interspire-email-marketer-698a748462a9"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-G44M-HPF4-VMRP

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-03-20 12:32 – Updated: 2025-03-21 16:41
VLAI
Summary
FastChat Server-Side Request Forgery vulnerability
Details

A Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability was identified in the lm-sys/fastchat web server, specifically in the affected version git 2c68a13. This vulnerability allows an attacker to access internal server resources and data that are otherwise inaccessible, such as AWS metadata credentials.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "fschat"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "last_affected": "0.2.36"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-12376"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-918"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2025-03-21T16:41:12Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-03-20T10:15:27Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability was identified in the lm-sys/fastchat web server, specifically in the affected version git 2c68a13. This vulnerability allows an attacker to access internal server resources and data that are otherwise inaccessible, such as AWS metadata credentials.",
  "id": "GHSA-g44m-hpf4-vmrp",
  "modified": "2025-03-21T16:41:12Z",
  "published": "2025-03-20T12:32:43Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-12376"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/lm-sys/FastChat"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://huntr.com/bounties/c9cc3f28-ee9f-4d2d-9ee5-8c6455a11892"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "FastChat Server-Side Request Forgery vulnerability"
}

GHSA-G46M-X4Q2-P642

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:42 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:42
VLAI
Details

The MessageBundleWhiteList class of atlassian-gadgets before version 4.2.37, from version 4.3.0 before 4.3.14, from version 4.3.2.0 before 4.3.2.4, from version 4.4.0 before 4.4.12, and from version 5.0.0 before 5.0.1 allowed unexpected DNS lookups and requests to arbitrary services as it incorrectly obtained application base url information from the executing http request which could be attacker controlled.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-36232"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-918"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-02-22T21:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The MessageBundleWhiteList class of atlassian-gadgets before version 4.2.37, from version 4.3.0 before 4.3.14, from version 4.3.2.0 before 4.3.2.4, from version 4.4.0 before 4.4.12, and from version 5.0.0 before 5.0.1 allowed unexpected DNS lookups and requests to arbitrary services as it incorrectly obtained application base url information from the executing http request which could be attacker controlled.",
  "id": "GHSA-g46m-x4q2-p642",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T17:42:50Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:42:50Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-36232"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://jira.atlassian.com/browse/JRASERVER-72025"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-G4RV-4M9P-4H3V

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-10-28 06:31 – Updated: 2025-10-28 06:31
VLAI
Details

The Auto Featured Image (Auto Post Thumbnail) plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Server-Side Request Forgery in all versions up to, and including, 4.1.7 via the upload_to_library function. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Author-level access and above, to make web requests to arbitrary locations originating from the web application and can be used to query and modify information from internal services. On Cloud instances, this issue allows for metadata retrieval.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-10145"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-918"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-10-28T06:15:38Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "The Auto Featured Image (Auto Post Thumbnail) plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Server-Side Request Forgery in all versions up to, and including, 4.1.7 via the upload_to_library function. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Author-level access and above, to make web requests to arbitrary locations originating from the web application and can be used to query and modify information from internal services. On Cloud instances, this issue allows for metadata retrieval.",
  "id": "GHSA-g4rv-4m9p-4h3v",
  "modified": "2025-10-28T06:31:05Z",
  "published": "2025-10-28T06:31:05Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-10145"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/auto-post-thumbnail/tags/4.1.7/includes/class-apt.php#L821"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/93acfae6-470b-4637-b76b-e1162b80253f?source=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-G4VH-VMFC-JCRF

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-04-02 21:30 – Updated: 2026-04-01 18:31
VLAI
Details

Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability in Kadence WP Gutenberg Blocks by Kadence Blocks.This issue affects Gutenberg Blocks by Kadence Blocks: from n/a through 3.2.25.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-24888"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-918"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-04-02T19:15:47Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability in Kadence WP Gutenberg Blocks by Kadence Blocks.This issue affects Gutenberg Blocks by Kadence Blocks: from n/a through 3.2.25.",
  "id": "GHSA-g4vh-vmfc-jcrf",
  "modified": "2026-04-01T18:31:44Z",
  "published": "2024-04-02T21:30:27Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-24888"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/kadence-blocks/vulnerability/wordpress-gutenberg-blocks-by-kadence-blocks-plugin-3-2-25-server-side-request-forgery-ssrf-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/kadence-blocks/wordpress-gutenberg-blocks-by-kadence-blocks-plugin-3-2-25-server-side-request-forgery-ssrf-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-G53G-Q539-93CV

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-06 00:00 – Updated: 2022-05-24 20:52
VLAI
Summary
Server-Side Request Forgery in scout-browser
Details

Pypi package scout-browser (GitHub repository clinical-genomics/scout) prior to v4.52 is vulnerable to server-side request forgery. An attacker could make the application perform arbitrary requests to steal cookies, request access to private areas, or lead to cross-site scripting.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "scout-browser"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "4.52"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-1592"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-918"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2022-05-24T20:52:03Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-05-05T11:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Pypi package scout-browser (GitHub repository clinical-genomics/scout) prior to v4.52 is vulnerable to server-side request forgery. An attacker could make the application perform arbitrary requests to steal cookies, request access to private areas, or lead to cross-site scripting.",
  "id": "GHSA-g53g-q539-93cv",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T20:52:03Z",
  "published": "2022-05-06T00:00:49Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-1592"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/Clinical-Genomics/scout/issues/3325"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/Clinical-Genomics/scout/pull/3326"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/clinical-genomics/scout/commit/b0ef15f4737d0c801154c1991b52ff5cab4f5c83"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/clinical-genomics/scout"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://huntr.dev/bounties/352b39da-0f2e-415a-9793-5480cae8bd27"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Server-Side Request Forgery in scout-browser"
}

GHSA-G56V-WC5F-89X8

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:32 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:32
VLAI
Details

A remote server-side request forgery (ssrf) vulnerability was discovered in Aruba Airwave Software version(s): Prior to 1.3.2.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-7126"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-918"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2020-10-26T16:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A remote server-side request forgery (ssrf) vulnerability was discovered in Aruba Airwave Software version(s): Prior to 1.3.2.",
  "id": "GHSA-g56v-wc5f-89x8",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T17:32:12Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:32:12Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-7126"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.hpe.com/hpsc/doc/public/display?docLocale=en_US\u0026docId=emr_na-hpesbnw04051en_us"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-G5CG-6C7V-MMPW

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-09-15 20:37 – Updated: 2025-09-15 20:37
VLAI
Summary
HackMD MCP Server has Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability
Details

Impact

A Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability that affects all users running the HackMD MCP server in HTTP mode. Attackers could exploit this vulnerability by passing arbitrary hackmdApiUrl values through HTTP headers (Hackmd-Api-Url) or base64-encoded JSON query parameters. This allows malicious users to:

  • Redirect API calls to internal network services
  • Potentially access sensitive internal endpoints
  • Perform network reconnaissance through the server
  • Bypass network access controls

The vulnerability affects the HTTP transport mode specifically - stdio mode is not impacted as it only accepts requests from stdio.

Patches

The vulnerability has been patched in version 1.5.0. Users should:

  1. Update to the latest version of the HackMD MCP server
  2. Set the ALLOWED_HACKMD_API_URLS environment variable to restrict allowed HackMD API endpoints
  3. If not set, the server will default to only allowing the official HackMD API URL (https://api.hackmd.io/v1)

Example configuration:

ALLOWED_HACKMD_API_URLS=https://api.hackmd.io/v1,https://your-hackmd-instance.com/api/v1

Workarounds

Users can mitigate this vulnerability without upgrading by:

  1. Use stdio mode instead of HTTP mode: Set TRANSPORT=stdio or remove the TRANSPORT environment variable to disable HTTP mode entirely
  2. Network-level restrictions: Use firewall rules or network policies to restrict outbound connections from the server
  3. Reverse proxy filtering: Place the MCP server behind a reverse proxy that validates and filters both the Hackmd-Api-Url header and the base64-encoded JSON config query parameter to prevent malicious hackmdApiUrl values

References

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "hackmd-mcp"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "1.4.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.5.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-59155"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-918"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2025-09-15T20:37:46Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-09-15T17:15:36Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "### Impact\n\nA Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability that affects all users running the HackMD MCP server in HTTP mode. Attackers could exploit this vulnerability by passing arbitrary `hackmdApiUrl` values through HTTP headers (`Hackmd-Api-Url`) or base64-encoded JSON query parameters. This allows malicious users to:\n\n- Redirect API calls to internal network services\n- Potentially access sensitive internal endpoints\n- Perform network reconnaissance through the server\n- Bypass network access controls\n\nThe vulnerability affects the HTTP transport mode specifically - stdio mode is not impacted as it only accepts requests from stdio.\n\n### Patches\n\nThe vulnerability has been patched in version `1.5.0`. Users should:\n\n1. Update to the latest version of the HackMD MCP server\n2. Set the `ALLOWED_HACKMD_API_URLS` environment variable to restrict allowed HackMD API endpoints\n3. If not set, the server will default to only allowing the official HackMD API URL (`https://api.hackmd.io/v1`)\n\nExample configuration:\n```\nALLOWED_HACKMD_API_URLS=https://api.hackmd.io/v1,https://your-hackmd-instance.com/api/v1\n```\n\n### Workarounds\n\nUsers can mitigate this vulnerability without upgrading by:\n\n1. **Use stdio mode instead of HTTP mode**: Set `TRANSPORT=stdio` or remove the `TRANSPORT` environment variable to disable HTTP mode entirely\n2. **Network-level restrictions**: Use firewall rules or network policies to restrict outbound connections from the server\n3. **Reverse proxy filtering**: Place the MCP server behind a reverse proxy that validates and filters both the `Hackmd-Api-Url` header and the base64-encoded JSON `config` query parameter to prevent malicious `hackmdApiUrl` values\n\n### References\n\n- [OWASP Server-Side Request Forgery Prevention Cheat Sheet](https://cheatsheetseries.owasp.org/cheatsheets/Server_Side_Request_Forgery_Prevention_Cheat_Sheet.html)\n- [HackMD MCP Server Documentation](https://github.com/yuna0x0/hackmd-mcp)",
  "id": "GHSA-g5cg-6c7v-mmpw",
  "modified": "2025-09-15T20:37:46Z",
  "published": "2025-09-15T20:37:46Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/yuna0x0/hackmd-mcp/security/advisories/GHSA-g5cg-6c7v-mmpw"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-59155"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/yuna0x0/hackmd-mcp/commit/43936c78a5bb3dedc74e8f080607a1125caa8c13"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/yuna0x0/hackmd-mcp"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/yuna0x0/hackmd-mcp/releases/tag/v1.5.0"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "HackMD MCP Server has Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) vulnerability"
}

GHSA-G5CV-P9GG-J22X

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-26 13:30 – Updated: 2026-05-26 13:30
VLAI
Details

A flaw has been found in ItzCrazyKns Vane up to 1.12.1. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file src/app/api/providers/route.ts of the component Model Provider API. This manipulation of the argument baseURL causes server-side request forgery. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. The exploit has been published and may be used. The project was informed of the problem early through an issue report but has not responded yet.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-9372"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-918"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-05-24T11:16:33Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A flaw has been found in ItzCrazyKns Vane up to 1.12.1. This vulnerability affects unknown code of the file src/app/api/providers/route.ts of the component Model Provider API. This manipulation of the argument baseURL causes server-side request forgery. Remote exploitation of the attack is possible. The exploit has been published and may be used. The project was informed of the problem early through an issue report but has not responded yet.",
  "id": "GHSA-g5cv-p9gg-j22x",
  "modified": "2026-05-26T13:30:32Z",
  "published": "2026-05-26T13:30:32Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-9372"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/ItzCrazyKns/Vane/issues/1124"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/ItzCrazyKns/Vane"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/submit/813211"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/365336"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/vuln/365336/cti"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

No mitigation information available for this CWE.

CAPEC-664: Server Side Request Forgery

An adversary exploits improper input validation by submitting maliciously crafted input to a target application running on a server, with the goal of forcing the server to make a request either to itself, to web services running in the server’s internal network, or to external third parties. If successful, the adversary’s request will be made with the server’s privilege level, bypassing its authentication controls. This ultimately allows the adversary to access sensitive data, execute commands on the server’s network, and make external requests with the stolen identity of the server. Server Side Request Forgery attacks differ from Cross Site Request Forgery attacks in that they target the server itself, whereas CSRF attacks exploit an insecure user authentication mechanism to perform unauthorized actions on the user's behalf.