CWE-918

{
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            "cpe:2.3:a:misp:misp_modules_\\(html_to_markdown_expansion_module\\):*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*"
          ],
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          "modules": [
            "misp_modules/modules/expansion/html_to_markdown.py"
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            "misp_modules/modules/expansion/html_to_markdown.py"
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          "repo": "https://github.com/misp/misp-modules",
          "vendor": "MISP",
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              "status": "affected",
              "version": "0",
              "versionType": "semver"
            }
          ]
        }
      ],
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          "type": "remediation developer",
          "value": "elhoim"
        },
        {
          "lang": "en",
          "type": "remediation developer",
          "value": "Claude Opus 5 (1M context)"
        }
      ],
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              "value": "\u003cp\u003eThe html_to_markdown expansion module in MISP Modules contains a server-side request forgery (SSRF) vulnerability in its is_safe_url() URL validation function. The BLOCKED_RANGES list used to reject unsafe destination addresses was incomplete, omitting several critical IP address ranges. Specifically, the following ranges were not blocked: 0.0.0.0/8 (unspecified, which routes to loopback on Linux), 100.64.0.0/10 (carrier-grade NAT per RFC 6598), ::/128 (IPv6 unspecified), fc00::/7 (IPv6 Unique Local Addresses), and fe80::/10 (IPv6 link-local). The existing list only covered IPv4 loopback (127.0.0.0/8), RFC 1918 private ranges, IPv4 link-local (169.254.0.0/16), and IPv6 loopback (::1/128).\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eAn authenticated user with the ability to create or modify MISP attributes that trigger the html_to_markdown expansion module could supply URLs pointing to these unblocked internal address ranges. Because the module fetches the URL server-side to convert HTML content to Markdown, the request is made from the MISP server\u0027s network context. This allows an attacker to probe and read responses from internal services, carrier-grade NAT infrastructure, or link-local endpoints that would otherwise be unreachable from external networks. IPv4-mapped IPv6 forms (e.g., [::ffff:0.0.0.0]) also bypassed the existing checks.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe security impact is primarily confidentiality: an attacker can read data served by internal services reachable from the MISP server. The MISP instance itself is not compromised, but it is abused as a proxy to access otherwise restricted network resources.\u003c/p\u003e"
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          "value": "The html_to_markdown expansion module in MISP Modules contains a server-side request forgery (SSRF) vulnerability in its is_safe_url() URL validation function. The BLOCKED_RANGES list used to reject unsafe destination addresses was incomplete, omitting several critical IP address ranges. Specifically, the following ranges were not blocked: 0.0.0.0/8 (unspecified, which routes to loopback on Linux), 100.64.0.0/10 (carrier-grade NAT per RFC 6598), ::/128 (IPv6 unspecified), fc00::/7 (IPv6 Unique Local Addresses), and fe80::/10 (IPv6 link-local). The existing list only covered IPv4 loopback (127.0.0.0/8), RFC 1918 private ranges, IPv4 link-local (169.254.0.0/16), and IPv6 loopback (::1/128).\n\nAn authenticated user with the ability to create or modify MISP attributes that trigger the html_to_markdown expansion module could supply URLs pointing to these unblocked internal address ranges. Because the module fetches the URL server-side to convert HTML content to Markdown, the request is made from the MISP server\u0027s network context. This allows an attacker to probe and read responses from internal services, carrier-grade NAT infrastructure, or link-local endpoints that would otherwise be unreachable from external networks. IPv4-mapped IPv6 forms (e.g., [::ffff:0.0.0.0]) also bypassed the existing checks.\n\nThe security impact is primarily confidentiality: an attacker can read data served by internal services reachable from the MISP server. The MISP instance itself is not compromised, but it is abused as a proxy to access otherwise restricted network resources."
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              "description": "CWE-20 Improper Input Validation",
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              "value": "\u003cp\u003eThe fix extends the BLOCKED_RANGES list in is_safe_url() to include the previously missing IP address ranges: 0.0.0.0/8, 100.64.0.0/10, ::/128, fc00::/7, and fe80::/10. The existing IPv4-mapped IPv6 normalisation logic ensures that mapped forms (e.g., ::ffff:0.0.0.0) are also blocked. Regression tests are added covering both literal IP addresses in URLs and hostnames that resolve to the newly blocked ranges.\u003c/p\u003e"
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        }
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      "source": {
        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
      },
      "title": "MISP html_to_markdown Module SSRF via Incomplete IP Range Blocking in is_safe_url()",
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                  "PR:L assumes that creating or modifying a MISP attribute to trigger the html_to_markdown expansion module requires authenticated access. MISP typically enforces authentication for attribute operations, but the patch does not explicitly state the authentication model.",
                  "SC:H assumes the MISP server can reach internal services (e.g., cloud metadata at 169.254.169.254, internal admin panels, or CGNAT infrastructure) and that the responses are returned to the attacker via the Markdown conversion output. The actual impact depends on the server\u0027s network topology.",
                  "The exact affected version range is not specified in the patch. The nearest tag is v3.0.13 with 139 commits after the fix, but the precise release containing the fix is not identified.",
                  "CAPEC-12 is selected as the closest match; no alternative CAPEC more precisely describes an SSRF via incomplete IP-range validation in a URL-fetching module.",
                  "The patch does not indicate whether the module follows redirects to additional unblocked ranges; MAX_REDIRECTS is set to 10, and the redirect target validation is not shown in this patch. If redirect targets are not re-validated, the SSRF surface may be broader than what this patch addresses."
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                    "capecId": "CAPEC-12",
                    "rationale": "The patch directly addresses an SSRF condition: the application fetches a URL on behalf of the user, and the validation logic failed to block requests to internal and restricted IP ranges. An attacker crafts a URL with a blocked-range IP (e.g., http://0.0.0.0/admin or http://[fe80::1]/) to cause the MISP server to issue a request to an internal service. This is the canonical CAPEC-12 pattern. No uncertainty in this mapping."
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                "fixSummary": "The fix extends the BLOCKED_RANGES list in is_safe_url() to include the previously missing IP address ranges: 0.0.0.0/8, 100.64.0.0/10, ::/128, fc00::/7, and fe80::/10. The existing IPv4-mapped IPv6 normalisation logic ensures that mapped forms (e.g., ::ffff:0.0.0.0) are also blocked. Regression tests are added covering both literal IP addresses in URLs and hostnames that resolve to the newly blocked ranges.",
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              "value": "\u003cp\u003eIn the MISP sachertortephp library, the Xml::build() static method in lib/Cake/Utility/Xml.php contains a logic error in the conditional that gates network-based XML fetching. The original condition was written as: $options[\u0027readFile\u0027] \u0026amp;\u0026amp; strpos($input, \u0027http://\u0027) === 0 || strpos($input, \u0027https://\u0027) === 0. Because PHP\u0027s \u0026amp;\u0026amp; operator has higher precedence than ||, the expression is evaluated as ($options[\u0027readFile\u0027] \u0026amp;\u0026amp; strpos($input, \u0027http://\u0027) === 0) || strpos($input, \u0027https://\u0027) === 0. As a result, when a caller explicitly sets the readFile option to false to disable file and URL reading, an input string beginning with https:// still satisfies the condition and triggers a network fetch via HttpSocket (configured to follow up to 10 redirects). The http:// branch is correctly gated by the readFile flag, but the https:// branch is not. An attacker who can influence the $input parameter passed to Xml::build() can therefore force the application to issue an outbound HTTPS request to an attacker-controlled or internal URL, even though the caller intended to suppress all remote reads. The fetched response is parsed as XML and may be returned to the caller, enabling information disclosure from internal services or external targets. This constitutes a Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF) weakness with an information-disclosure impact. The vulnerability requires that the code path in Xml::build() be reachable with attacker-controlled input and that the readFile option be set to false (or the caller expects it to be false).\u003c/p\u003e"
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        "discovery": "UNKNOWN"
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      "title": "MISP sachertortephp Xml::build() Operator Precedence Bypass Allows Unintended HTTPS SSRF When readFile Is Disabled",
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                  "The HttpSocket redirect-following (up to 10 redirects) amplifies the SSRF surface but is not separately scored; it is subsumed under the SC:L impact.",
                  "The vulnerability requires the readFile option to be set to false; if all callers use the default (presumably true), the practical exploitability may be reduced, but the code still contains the logic defect."
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                "patchSummary": "In lib/Cake/Utility/Xml.php, line 110, the condition $options[\u0027readFile\u0027] \u0026\u0026 strpos($input, \u0027http://\u0027) === 0 || strpos($input, \u0027https://\u0027) === 0 is changed to $options[\u0027readFile\u0027] \u0026\u0026 (strpos($input, \u0027http://\u0027) === 0 || strpos($input, \u0027https://\u0027) === 0). A single pair of parentheses is added around the two strpos comparisons so that the || is evaluated before the \u0026\u0026, ensuring the readFile flag gates both URL schemes. One line changed: 1 insertion, 1 deletion.",
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              "value": "\u003cp\u003eMISP\u0027s RequestHandlerComponent automatically decodes XML request bodies on all write requests. The underlying Xml::build() library contains a logic error in its readFile guard condition (readFile \u0026amp;\u0026amp; http || https), where PHP operator precedence causes the https branch to bypass the readFile check entirely. As a result, a request body containing a bare HTTPS URL is treated as a locator and fetched by the server. Because the cspReport endpoint accepts XML content type and is unauthenticated by design, an unauthenticated remote attacker can send a POST request with a crafted XML body to cause the MISP server to issue an outbound HTTPS request to an arbitrary target reachable from the server.\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe attacker does not receive the response body, but can use the vulnerability to probe internal services, trigger actions on internal HTTPS endpoints, or perform timing-based reconnaissance of the server\u0027s network environment.\u0026nbsp;\u003c/p\u003e\u003cp\u003eThe vulnerability affects any MISP deployment where the cspReport endpoint is reachable and the server has network access to internal or external HTTPS services.\u003c/p\u003e"
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                  "The vendored Xml::build() library\u0027s behavior with a locator (fetching the URL) is taken from the commit message description; the actual library code was not included in the patch."
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