Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-89
AllowedImproper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')
Abstraction: Base · Status: Stable
The product constructs all or part of an SQL command using externally-influenced input from an upstream component, but it does not neutralize or incorrectly neutralizes special elements that could modify the intended SQL command when it is sent to a downstream component. Without sufficient removal or quoting of SQL syntax in user-controllable inputs, the generated SQL query can cause those inputs to be interpreted as SQL instead of ordinary user data.
27430 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2026-12045 (GCVE-0-2026-12045)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-18 23:37 – Updated: 2026-06-23 03:55
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
pgAdmin 4: AI Assistant read-only transaction bypass allows unauthorised writes and remote code execution
Summary
Read-only transaction bypass in the pgAdmin 4 AI Assistant allows an attacker who can influence database content that the assistant reads to execute arbitrary SQL with the privileges of the pgAdmin user's database role.
The AI Assistant's execute_sql_query tool runs LLM-generated SQL inside a BEGIN TRANSACTION READ ONLY wrapper to prevent data modification. The LLM-supplied query was forwarded to the database driver without restriction to a single statement or to read-only verbs, so a multi-statement payload beginning with COMMIT, END, ROLLBACK, or ABORT terminated the read-only transaction and ran subsequent statements in autocommit mode. The trailing ROLLBACK then had no effect.
Delivery is via prompt injection: an attacker who can write content into any object the AI Assistant may inspect (a row, a column value, a comment) can cause the LLM to emit the multi-statement payload as a tool call. With ordinary write privileges on the pgAdmin user's role the attacker can perform unauthorised data modification. When the pgAdmin user's role is a PostgreSQL superuser or holds pg_execute_server_program, the chain extends to remote code execution on the database server host via COPY ... TO PROGRAM.
Fix validates the LLM-supplied query up front: it must parse to exactly one non-empty / non-comment statement whose leading real token (after stripping whitespace, comments, and punctuation) is one of SELECT, WITH, EXPLAIN, SHOW, VALUES, or TABLE. Transaction-control verbs, DML, DDL, CALL, COPY, DO, SET/RESET, and everything else are rejected before any database work happens. PostgreSQL's READ ONLY mode continues to backstop data-modifying CTEs, EXPLAIN ANALYZE on writes, and volatile side effects.
This issue affects pgAdmin 4: from 9.13 before 9.16.
Severity
9 (Critical)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
2 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/pgadmin-org/pgadmin4/issues/10022 | issue-tracking |
| https://github.com/pgadmin-org/pgadmin4/commit/bf… | patch |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| pgadmin.org | pgAdmin 4 |
Affected:
9.13 , < 9.16
(custom)
|
Credits
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CVE-2026-12044 (GCVE-0-2026-12044)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-18 23:37 – Updated: 2026-06-22 18:37
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
pgAdmin 4: SQL injection in COMMENT ON ... IS '<description>' rendering across dialog templates
Summary
SQL injection in pgAdmin 4 across every dialog template that renders ``COMMENT ON ... IS '<description>'`` for a user-supplied description field. The Jinja templates for Domains (and their constraints), Foreign Tables, Languages, and Event Triggers, plus the Views OID-lookup query, interpolated the description directly inside a single-quoted SQL literal -- ``'{{ data.description }}'`` -- instead of passing it through the ``qtLiteral`` escape filter. An authenticated pgAdmin user with permission to create or alter the affected object types could submit a description containing an apostrophe, break out of the literal and chain arbitrary SQL. The injected SQL runs under the PostgreSQL role the user is already authenticated as; for a connected role with ``COPY ... TO/FROM PROGRAM`` (typically PostgreSQL superuser), this chains to OS command execution on the PostgreSQL host. The defect does not cross a privilege boundary -- the user already has direct SQL access to that role through pgAdmin's Query Tool -- so the attacker gains no capability beyond what their database role already grants. The marginal impact captures bypass of any application-layer Query Tool gating an operator may have configured.
The defect was originally reported against the Domain Dialog ``description`` field; a code-wide audit identified sixteen sites of the same pattern across the templates listed above. The same review also surfaced ten related sinks in the pgstattuple/pgstatindex stats templates -- ``pgstattuple('{{schema}}.{{table}}')`` and the matching pgstatindex shape -- where ``qtIdent`` escapes embedded double quotes inside the identifier but not apostrophes, so a user with CREATE privilege on a schema could plant a table or index named ``foo'bar`` and a later stats viewer would render an unbalanced literal.
Fix is layered:
1. Sites: replace every ``'{{ x.description }}'`` with ``{{ x.description|qtLiteral(conn) }}`` (no surrounding quotes -- the filter wraps the value in escaped quotes itself). Plumb ``conn=self.conn`` through every ``render_template`` call that loads one of these templates. Also corrects a ``{ % elif`` Jinja typo in the foreign-table schema diff (dead branch). Rewrite the ten pgstattuple/pgstatindex stats sites to address the relation via OID + ``::oid::regclass`` cast (e.g. ``pgstattuple({{ tid }}::oid::regclass)``), eliminating the embedded literal-call form entirely so that bug-class can no longer recur there.
2. Driver hardening: ``qtLiteral`` (in ``utils/driver/psycopg3/__init__.py``) used to silently return the raw unescaped value when its ``conn`` argument was falsy. It now raises ``ValueError`` -- surfacing the entire bug class going forward. The change immediately uncovered eight latent plumbing bugs (in ``schemas/__init__.py``, ``schemas/functions/__init__.py``, ``schemas/tables/utils.py``, ``foreign_servers/__init__.py``, and seven sites in ``roles/__init__.py``) -- all fixed as part of this patch. The inner ``except`` block that swallowed adapter-level failures and returned the raw value is also removed, so unadaptable inputs raise instead of leaking unescaped values.
3. Regression tests: a per-template behavioural test renders each previously-vulnerable template with an apostrophe-injection payload and asserts the escaped fragment is present and the vulnerable fragment absent; a lint test walks every ``*.sql`` template flagging any ``'{{ ... }}'`` single-quote-wrapped interpolation against an explicit allowlist; unit tests cover the new qtLiteral fail-fast and inner-except raise paths.
This issue affects pgAdmin 4: from 1.0 before 9.16.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
Assigner
References
3 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/pgadmin-org/pgadmin4/issues/10078 | issue-tracking |
| https://github.com/pgadmin-org/pgadmin4/commit/65… | patch |
| https://github.com/pgadmin-org/pgadmin4/commit/2a… | patch |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| pgadmin.org | pgAdmin 4 |
Affected:
1.0 , < 9.16
(custom)
|
Credits
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CVE-2026-11945 (GCVE-0-2026-11945)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-11 15:53 – Updated: 2026-06-12 03:55
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
PostgreSQL Anonymizer: SQL injection in the rules import functions
Summary
PostgreSQL Anonymizer contains a vulnerability that allows a user to gain superuser privileges by creating a JSON document and placing malicious code inside a particular key-value pair. If a superuser calls the import_database_rules() or import_roles_rules() functions, the malicious code is executed with superuser privileges. The problem is resolved in PostgreSQL Anonymizer 3.1.1 and further versions
Severity
6.4 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: total
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-89 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| DALIBO | PostgreSQL Anonymizer |
Affected:
1 , < 3.1.1
(semver)
|
Credits
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CVE-2026-11851 (GCVE-0-2026-11851)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-15 02:00 – Updated: 2026-07-15 12:35
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Summary
Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ("SQL Injection") in the web management interface of certain ASUS router models allows a remote authenticated user to disclose confidential information via a crafted request that bypasses existing input validation
Refer to the '
Security Update for ASUS Router Firmware ' section on the ASUS Security Advisory for more information.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-89 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')
Assigner
References
1 reference
Impacted products
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CVE-2026-11823 (GCVE-0-2026-11823)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-01 05:35 – Updated: 2026-07-01 10:42
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
BookingPress Appointment Booking Pro <= 5.7.1 - Unauthenticated SQL Injection via 'store_service_date' Parameter
Summary
The BookingPress Appointment Booking Pro plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to SQL Injection via the 'store_service_date' parameter of the bpa_assign_staffmember_to_slots() function in versions up to and including 5.7.1. This is due to the explicit use of stripslashes_deep() on user-supplied POST data before it is interpolated verbatim into a SQL LIKE clause without use of $wpdb->prepare() or any parameterization. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to append additional SQL queries into already existing queries that can be used to extract sensitive information from the database.
Severity
7.5 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-89 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')
Assigner
References
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Repute Infosystems | BookingPress Appointment Booking Pro |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 5.7.1
(semver)
|
Credits
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CVE-2026-11777 (GCVE-0-2026-11777)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-18 04:31 – Updated: 2026-06-18 15:51
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Form Maker by 10Web <= 1.15.43 - Authenticated (Administrator+) SQL Injection via 'name' Parameter
Summary
The Form Maker by 10Web – Mobile-Friendly Drag & Drop Contact Form Builder plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to generic SQL Injection via the 'name' parameter in all versions up to, and including, 1.15.43 due to insufficient escaping on the user supplied parameter and lack of sufficient preparation on the existing SQL query. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with administrator-level access, to append additional SQL queries into already existing queries that can be used to extract sensitive information from the database.
Severity
4.9 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-89 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')
Assigner
References
10 references
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10web | Form Maker by 10Web – Mobile-Friendly Drag & Drop Contact Form Builder |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 1.15.43
(semver)
|
Credits
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CVE-2026-11776 (GCVE-0-2026-11776)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-18 04:31 – Updated: 2026-06-18 18:26
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Form Maker by 10Web <= 1.15.43 - Authenticated (Adminsitrator+) SQL Injection via 'groupids' Parameter
Summary
The Form Maker by 10Web – Mobile-Friendly Drag & Drop Contact Form Builder plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to generic SQL Injection via the 'groupids' parameter in all versions up to, and including, 1.15.43 due to insufficient escaping on the user supplied parameter and lack of sufficient preparation on the existing SQL query. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with administrator-level access and above, to append additional SQL queries into already existing queries that can be used to extract sensitive information from the database.
Severity
4.9 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
CWE
- CWE-89 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')
Assigner
References
10 references
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10web | Form Maker by 10Web – Mobile-Friendly Drag & Drop Contact Form Builder |
Affected:
0 , ≤ 1.15.43
(semver)
|
Credits
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CVE-2026-11585 (GCVE-0-2026-11585)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-08 19:45 – Updated: 2026-06-09 13:29
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
CodeAstro Student Attendance Management System createClassArms.php sql injection
Summary
A vulnerability was determined in CodeAstro Student Attendance Management System 1.0. Affected is an unknown function of the file /attendance-php/Admin/createClassArms.php. This manipulation of the argument classId causes sql injection. The attack can be initiated remotely. The exploit has been publicly disclosed and may be utilized.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
6 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/369182 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/369182/cti | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-11585 | third-party-advisory |
| https://vuldb.com/submit/836800 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/Andelstander/cve/issues/10 | exploitissue-tracking |
| https://codeastro.com/ | product |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| CodeAstro | Student Attendance Management System |
Affected:
1.0
cpe:2.3:h:codeastro:student_attendance_management_system:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
Credits
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CVE-2026-11584 (GCVE-0-2026-11584)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-08 19:30 – Updated: 2026-06-09 15:13
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
CodeAstro Student Attendance Management System createClass.php edit sql injection
Summary
A vulnerability was found in CodeAstro Student Attendance Management System 1.0. This impacts an unknown function of the file /attendance-php/Admin/createClass.php?action=edit. The manipulation of the argument ID results in sql injection. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been made public and could be used.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
6 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/369181 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/369181/cti | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-11584 | third-party-advisory |
| https://vuldb.com/submit/836799 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/Andelstander/cve/issues/9 | exploitissue-tracking |
| https://codeastro.com/ | product |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| CodeAstro | Student Attendance Management System |
Affected:
1.0
cpe:2.3:h:codeastro:student_attendance_management_system:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
Credits
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CVE-2026-11583 (GCVE-0-2026-11583)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-08 19:15 – Updated: 2026-06-09 15:57
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
CodeAstro Student Attendance Management System createClass.php sql injection
Summary
A vulnerability has been found in CodeAstro Student Attendance Management System 1.0. This affects an unknown function of the file /attendance-php/Admin/createClass.php. The manipulation of the argument className leads to sql injection. It is possible to initiate the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: poc
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator (v2.0.3)
Assigner
References
6 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/369180 | vdb-entrytechnical-description |
| https://vuldb.com/vuln/369180/cti | signaturepermissions-required |
| https://vuldb.com/cve/CVE-2026-11583 | third-party-advisory |
| https://vuldb.com/submit/836798 | third-party-advisory |
| https://github.com/Andelstander/cve/issues/8 | exploitissue-tracking |
| https://codeastro.com/ | product |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| CodeAstro | Student Attendance Management System |
Affected:
1.0
cpe:2.3:h:codeastro:student_attendance_management_system:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
Credits
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"dateReserved": "2026-06-08T12:05:34.440Z",
"dateUpdated": "2026-06-09T15:57:15.034Z",
"state": "PUBLISHED"
},
"dataType": "CVE_RECORD",
"dataVersion": "5.2"
}
Mitigation MIT-4
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid [REF-1482].
- For example, consider using persistence layers such as Hibernate or Enterprise Java Beans, which can provide significant protection against SQL injection if used properly.
Mitigation MIT-27
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Parameterization
- If available, use structured mechanisms that automatically enforce the separation between data and code. These mechanisms may be able to provide the relevant quoting, encoding, and validation automatically, instead of relying on the developer to provide this capability at every point where output is generated.
- Process SQL queries using prepared statements, parameterized queries, or stored procedures. These features should accept parameters or variables and support strong typing. Do not dynamically construct and execute query strings within these features using "exec" or similar functionality, since this may re-introduce the possibility of SQL injection. [REF-867]
Mitigation MIT-17
Architecture and Design
Operation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
- Run your code using the lowest privileges that are required to accomplish the necessary tasks [REF-76]. If possible, create isolated accounts with limited privileges that are only used for a single task. That way, a successful attack will not immediately give the attacker access to the rest of the software or its environment. For example, database applications rarely need to run as the database administrator, especially in day-to-day operations.
- Specifically, follow the principle of least privilege when creating user accounts to a SQL database. The database users should only have the minimum privileges necessary to use their account. If the requirements of the system indicate that a user can read and modify their own data, then limit their privileges so they cannot read/write others' data. Use the strictest permissions possible on all database objects, such as execute-only for stored procedures.
Mitigation MIT-15
Architecture and Design
For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
Mitigation MIT-28
Implementation
Strategy: Output Encoding
- While it is risky to use dynamically-generated query strings, code, or commands that mix control and data together, sometimes it may be unavoidable. Properly quote arguments and escape any special characters within those arguments. The most conservative approach is to escape or filter all characters that do not pass an extremely strict allowlist (such as everything that is not alphanumeric or white space). If some special characters are still needed, such as white space, wrap each argument in quotes after the escaping/filtering step. Be careful of argument injection (CWE-88).
- Instead of building a new implementation, such features may be available in the database or programming language. For example, the Oracle DBMS_ASSERT package can check or enforce that parameters have certain properties that make them less vulnerable to SQL injection. For MySQL, the mysql_real_escape_string() API function is available in both C and PHP.
Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- When constructing SQL query strings, use stringent allowlists that limit the character set based on the expected value of the parameter in the request. This will indirectly limit the scope of an attack, but this technique is less important than proper output encoding and escaping.
- Note that proper output encoding, escaping, and quoting is the most effective solution for preventing SQL injection, although input validation may provide some defense-in-depth. This is because it effectively limits what will appear in output. Input validation will not always prevent SQL injection, especially if you are required to support free-form text fields that could contain arbitrary characters. For example, the name "O'Reilly" would likely pass the validation step, since it is a common last name in the English language. However, it cannot be directly inserted into the database because it contains the "'" apostrophe character, which would need to be escaped or otherwise handled. In this case, stripping the apostrophe might reduce the risk of SQL injection, but it would produce incorrect behavior because the wrong name would be recorded.
- When feasible, it may be safest to disallow meta-characters entirely, instead of escaping them. This will provide some defense in depth. After the data is entered into the database, later processes may neglect to escape meta-characters before use, and you may not have control over those processes.
Mitigation MIT-21
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Enforcement by Conversion
When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs.
Mitigation MIT-39
Implementation
- Ensure that error messages only contain minimal details that are useful to the intended audience and no one else. The messages need to strike the balance between being too cryptic (which can confuse users) or being too detailed (which may reveal more than intended). The messages should not reveal the methods that were used to determine the error. Attackers can use detailed information to refine or optimize their original attack, thereby increasing their chances of success.
- If errors must be captured in some detail, record them in log messages, but consider what could occur if the log messages can be viewed by attackers. Highly sensitive information such as passwords should never be saved to log files.
- Avoid inconsistent messaging that might accidentally tip off an attacker about internal state, such as whether a user account exists or not.
- In the context of SQL Injection, error messages revealing the structure of a SQL query can help attackers tailor successful attack strings.
Mitigation MIT-29
Operation
Strategy: Firewall
Use an application firewall that can detect attacks against this weakness. It can be beneficial in cases in which the code cannot be fixed (because it is controlled by a third party), as an emergency prevention measure while more comprehensive software assurance measures are applied, or to provide defense in depth [REF-1481.
Mitigation MIT-16
Operation
Implementation
Strategy: Environment Hardening
When using PHP, configure the application so that it does not use register_globals. During implementation, develop the application so that it does not rely on this feature, but be wary of implementing a register_globals emulation that is subject to weaknesses such as CWE-95, CWE-621, and similar issues.
CAPEC-108: Command Line Execution through SQL Injection
An attacker uses standard SQL injection methods to inject data into the command line for execution. This could be done directly through misuse of directives such as MSSQL_xp_cmdshell or indirectly through injection of data into the database that would be interpreted as shell commands. Sometime later, an unscrupulous backend application (or could be part of the functionality of the same application) fetches the injected data stored in the database and uses this data as command line arguments without performing proper validation. The malicious data escapes that data plane by spawning new commands to be executed on the host.
CAPEC-109: Object Relational Mapping Injection
An attacker leverages a weakness present in the database access layer code generated with an Object Relational Mapping (ORM) tool or a weakness in the way that a developer used a persistence framework to inject their own SQL commands to be executed against the underlying database. The attack here is similar to plain SQL injection, except that the application does not use JDBC to directly talk to the database, but instead it uses a data access layer generated by an ORM tool or framework (e.g. Hibernate). While most of the time code generated by an ORM tool contains safe access methods that are immune to SQL injection, sometimes either due to some weakness in the generated code or due to the fact that the developer failed to use the generated access methods properly, SQL injection is still possible.
CAPEC-110: SQL Injection through SOAP Parameter Tampering
An attacker modifies the parameters of the SOAP message that is sent from the service consumer to the service provider to initiate a SQL injection attack. On the service provider side, the SOAP message is parsed and parameters are not properly validated before being used to access a database in a way that does not use parameter binding, thus enabling the attacker to control the structure of the executed SQL query. This pattern describes a SQL injection attack with the delivery mechanism being a SOAP message.
CAPEC-470: Expanding Control over the Operating System from the Database
An attacker is able to leverage access gained to the database to read / write data to the file system, compromise the operating system, create a tunnel for accessing the host machine, and use this access to potentially attack other machines on the same network as the database machine. Traditionally SQL injections attacks are viewed as a way to gain unauthorized read access to the data stored in the database, modify the data in the database, delete the data, etc. However, almost every data base management system (DBMS) system includes facilities that if compromised allow an attacker complete access to the file system, operating system, and full access to the host running the database. The attacker can then use this privileged access to launch subsequent attacks. These facilities include dropping into a command shell, creating user defined functions that can call system level libraries present on the host machine, stored procedures, etc.
CAPEC-66: SQL Injection
This attack exploits target software that constructs SQL statements based on user input. An attacker crafts input strings so that when the target software constructs SQL statements based on the input, the resulting SQL statement performs actions other than those the application intended. SQL Injection results from failure of the application to appropriately validate input.
CAPEC-7: Blind SQL Injection
Blind SQL Injection results from an insufficient mitigation for SQL Injection. Although suppressing database error messages are considered best practice, the suppression alone is not sufficient to prevent SQL Injection. Blind SQL Injection is a form of SQL Injection that overcomes the lack of error messages. Without the error messages that facilitate SQL Injection, the adversary constructs input strings that probe the target through simple Boolean SQL expressions. The adversary can determine if the syntax and structure of the injection was successful based on whether the query was executed or not. Applied iteratively, the adversary determines how and where the target is vulnerable to SQL Injection.