Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-88

Allowed

Improper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command ('Argument Injection')

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

The product constructs a string for a command to be executed by a separate component in another control sphere, but it does not properly delimit the intended arguments, options, or switches within that command string.

623 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2026-65770 (GCVE-0-2026-65770)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-20 21:47 – Updated: 2026-08-31 20:08 Exclusively Hosted Service

Title

Azure Managed Instance for Apache Cassandra Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

Summary

Improper neutralization of argument delimiters in a command ('argument injection') in Azure Managed Instance for Apache Cassandra allows an unauthorized attacker to execute code over a network.

Severity

10 (Critical)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H/E:U/RL:O/RC:C

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-08-21 00:00 UTC

CWE

CWE-88 - Improper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command ('Argument Injection')

Assigner

microsoft mitre root

References

1 reference

URL	Tags
https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerabi…	vendor-advisorypatch

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
Microsoft	Azure Managed Instance for Apache Cassandra	Affected: - cpe:2.3:a:microsoft:azure_managed_instance_for_apache_cassandra::::::::

Date Public

2026-08-20 14:00

Show details on NVD website

JSON

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CVE-2026-64624 (GCVE-0-2026-64624)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-20 21:50 – Updated: 2026-07-24 20:17

Title

FreeRDP RDP File Parser Remote Code Execution via CLI Options

Summary

FreeRDP before 3.28.0 treats lines beginning with forward slash in RDP files as raw command-line options, exposing the entire CLI parser surface to untrusted files. Attackers can craft malicious RDP files with /rdp2tcp, /cert:ignore, or /drive options to execute arbitrary commands, bypass certificate validation, or expose local filesystems without user interaction.

Severity

8.5 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

7.8 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-07-23 03:56 UTC

CWE

CWE-88 - Improper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command ('Argument Injection')

Assigner

VulnCheck mitre root

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/FreeRDP/FreeRDP/security/advis…	vendor-advisory
https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/freerdp-rdp-…	third-party-advisory

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
FreeRDP	FreeRDP	Affected: 0 , < 3.28.0 (semver) cpe:2.3:a:freerdp:freerdp::::::::

Date Public

2026-07-06 00:00

Credits

DavidKorczynski

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JSON

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CVE-2026-63046 (GCVE-0-2026-63046)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-21 08:37 – Updated: 2026-08-21 18:42

Title

Apache InLong: Agent Installer — Command Injection to RCE via Default Credentials

Summary

Improper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command ('Argument Injection') vulnerability in Apache InLong. Agent Installer's ModuleManager executes arbitrary shell commands via ExcuteLinux.exeCmd() with no filtering or whitelist validation. This issue affects Apache InLong: from 2.0.0 before 2.4.0. Users are advised to upgrade to Apache InLong's 2.4.0 or cherry-pick [1]/[2] to solve it. [1] https://github.com/apache/inlong/pull/12151 . [2] https://github.com/apache/inlong/pull/12155 .

Severity

8.8 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-08-21 18:42 UTC

CWE

CWE-88 - Improper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command ('Argument Injection')

Assigner

apache mitre root

References

1 reference

URL	Tags
https://lists.apache.org/thread/2pgz70rz9ozfm7vm5…	vendor-advisory

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
Apache Software Foundation	Apache InLong	Affected: 2.0.0 , < 2.4.0 (semver)

Credits

IcySun

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2026-62867 (GCVE-0-2026-62867)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-21 14:45 – Updated: 2026-08-21 21:44

Title

Incus has an argument injection in storage volume block.create_options that leads to arbitrary command execution

Summary

Incus is a system container and virtual machine manager. Prior to version 7.3.0, improper validation of user-provided `block.create_options` in storage volume configuration leads to argument injection in the constructed filesystem creation command line. This allows a project-scoped user to inject arbitrary arguments into the binary executed as root. Version 7.3.0 patches the issue.

Severity

9.9 (Critical)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-08-21 21:00 UTC

CWE

CWE-88 - Improper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command ('Argument Injection')

Assigner

GitHub_M mitre root

References

1 reference

URL	Tags
https://github.com/lxc/incus/security/advisories/…	x_refsource_CONFIRM

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
lxc	incus	Affected: < 7.3.0

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2026-61459 (GCVE-0-2026-61459)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-10 18:34 – Updated: 2026-07-14 22:03 X_Open Source

Title

MCP Server Kubernetes < 3.9.0 Argument Injection via kubectl Structured Tools

Summary

MCP Server Kubernetes before 3.9.0 contains an argument injection vulnerability in structured tools (kubectl_get, kubectl_describe, kubectl_delete) that allows attackers to bypass the assertNoDangerousFlags security check by supplying resourceType and name parameters with leading dashes. Attackers can inject the --server flag to redirect kubectl commands to an attacker-controlled API server, causing the operator's bearer token to be transmitted externally and enabling full cluster compromise.

Severity

9.3 (Critical)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

9.8 (Critical)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

SSVC

Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-07-13 14:55 UTC

CWE

CWE-88 - Improper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command ('Argument Injection')

Assigner

VulnCheck mitre root

References

5 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/Flux159/mcp-server-kubernetes/…	release-notes
https://github.com/Flux159/mcp-server-kubernetes/…	exploittechnical-description
https://github.com/Flux159/mcp-server-kubernetes/…	issue-tracking
https://github.com/Flux159/mcp-server-kubernetes/…	patch
https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/mcp-server-k…	third-party-advisory

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
Flux159	mcp-server-kubernetes	Affected: 0 , < 3.9.0 (semver) cpe:2.3:a:suyogs:mcp-server-kubernetes::::::node.js::*

Date Public

2026-07-08 00:00

Credits

George Chen

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2026-57572 (GCVE-0-2026-57572)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-07-06 20:16 – Updated: 2026-07-08 19:42

Title

Crawl4AI: Unauthenticated RCE via Chromium launch-argument injection in browser_config.extra_args

Summary

Crawl4AI is an open-source LLM-friendly web crawler and scraper. Prior to 0.9.0, the Docker API server accepted request-supplied browser_config.extra_args, which flowed into Chromium's launch arguments. An attacker could inject Chromium switches that replace a child-process launch command together with --no-zygote, causing Chromium to fork or exec an attacker-controlled command as the container's runtime user. The Docker API is unauthenticated by default, so a single request yields arbitrary command execution. This issue is fixed in version 0.9.0.

Severity

10 (Critical)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: yes Technical Impact: total

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-07-08 17:13 UTC

CWE

CWE-88 - Improper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command ('Argument Injection')
CWE-94 - Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')

Assigner

GitHub_M mitre root

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/unclecode/crawl4ai/security/ad…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/unclecode/crawl4ai/commit/6088…	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
unclecode	crawl4ai	Affected: < 0.9.0

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2026-55673 (GCVE-0-2026-55673)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-28 18:36 – Updated: 2026-08-31 18:51

Title

PowSyBl: Command Injection in LocalCommandExecutor-s

Summary

PowSyBl (Power System Blocks) is a framework to build power system oriented software. Prior to 7.2.2, UnixLocalCommandExecutor and WindowsLocalCommandExecutor concatenate command arguments and environment variables into strings interpreted through bash -c or cmd /c without sufficient escaping. Attacker-controlled values reaching UnixLocalCommandExecutor.execute, WindowsLocalCommandExecutor.execute, LocalComputationManager.execute, ParallelLoadFlowActionSimulator.run, ActionSimulatorTool.run, AmplModelRunner.run, or AmplModelRunner.runAsync can break out of the intended command and execute arbitrary shell commands as the JVM user. The affected itools paths include action-simulator with task-count, security-analysis with external, and dynamic-security-analysis. Downstream CLI tools, libraries, REST front ends, and multi-tenant grid-analysis services that forward less-trusted contingency identifiers or computation parameters into these APIs can expose the injection remotely. This issue is fixed in version 7.2.2.

Severity

7.1 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:L/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-08-31 18:51 UTC

CWE

CWE-78 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
CWE-88 - Improper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command ('Argument Injection')

Assigner

GitHub_M mitre root

References

5 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/powsybl/powsybl-core/security/…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/powsybl/powsybl-core/pull/3973	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/powsybl/powsybl-core/commit/17…	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/powsybl/powsybl-core/commit/7a…	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/powsybl/powsybl-core/releases/…	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
powsybl	powsybl-core	Affected: < 7.2.2

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2026-54686 (GCVE-0-2026-54686)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-24 17:28 – Updated: 2026-06-25 17:05

Title

Warp: DCS lifecycle hook spoofing can alter terminal session metadata

Summary

Warp is an agentic development environment. From 0.2021.04.25.23.05.stable_00 until 0.2026.05.06.15.42.stable_01, Warp accepted certain state-mutating terminal lifecycle hooks from the PTY stream without verifying that the hooks were emitted by Warp's shell integration for the active session. An attacker who could cause a victim to view attacker-controlled terminal output in Warp could spoof selected lifecycle metadata, including the current working directory reported for the active block or SSH session transport metadata. This vulnerability is fixed in 0.2026.05.06.15.42.stable_01.

Severity

4.3 (Medium)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-06-25 17:04 UTC

CWE

CWE-78 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
CWE-88 - Improper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command ('Argument Injection')

Assigner

GitHub_M mitre root

References

3 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/warpdotdev/warp/security/advis…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/warpdotdev/warp/commit/32d21d1…	x_refsource_MISC
https://github.com/warpdotdev/warp/commit/51bd326…	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
warpdotdev	warp	Affected: >= 0.2021.04.25.23.05.stable_00, < 0.2026.05.13.09.15.stable_01

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2026-54088 (GCVE-0-2026-54088)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-06-25 17:49 – Updated: 2026-06-25 18:36

Title

File Browser: Command Injection via Authentication Hook Shell Substitution (Pre-Authentication RCE)

Summary

File Browser is a file managing interface for uploading, deleting, previewing, renaming, and editing files within a specified directory. Prior to 2.63.6, the Hook Authentication feature in File Browser allows administrators to delegate login verification to an external shell command. User-supplied credentials (username and password) are interpolated into this command string using os.Expand without sanitization. An unauthenticated remote attacker can inject shell metacharacters in the username or password field at the login screen, causing the server to execute arbitrary OS commands before any authentication takes place. This is a critical pre-authentication RCE. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.63.6.

Severity

9.3 (Critical)


                        
                          CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N

SSVC

Exploitation: poc Automatable: yes Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-06-25 18:36 UTC

CWE

CWE-78 - Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
CWE-88 - Improper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command ('Argument Injection')
CWE-306 - Missing Authentication for Critical Function

Assigner

GitHub_M mitre root

References

1 reference

URL	Tags
https://github.com/filebrowser/filebrowser/securi…	x_refsource_CONFIRM

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
filebrowser	filebrowser	Affected: < 2.63.6

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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CVE-2026-54085 (GCVE-0-2026-54085)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2026-08-27 22:55 – Updated: 2026-08-31 18:26

Title

Wazuh: Missing input validation in multiple active response scripts allows argument injection

Summary

Wazuh is an open-source security platform providing unified XDR and SIEM protection for endpoints and cloud workloads. In versions 4.2.0 through 4.14.6, multiple active response scripts pass attacker-influenced alert fields to privileged system commands without validating their format, allowing argument injection into tools that run as root. Five of the eight scripts that handle the srcip field, route-null.c, netsh.c, pf.c, npf.c, and ipfw.c, omit the get_ip_version() check that rejects non-IP input, and disable-account.c passes the dstuser field to passwd/chuser with only a comparison against "root". An attacker who can inject crafted log events, for example via syslog, can supply srcip or dstuser values that, when an active response rule triggers, are passed unvalidated to firewall and account-management commands such as pfctl, npfctl, ipfw, route, netsh, and passwd. This enables injecting additional command arguments, and on Windows the unquoted CreateProcess command-line concatenation in wpopenv() lets a srcip containing spaces add further arguments, while disable-account.c can be abused to lock arbitrary system accounts. This issue is fixed in version 4.14.7.

Severity

7.1 (High)


                        
                          CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:L

SSVC

Exploitation: none Automatable: no Technical Impact: partial

CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)

Decision recorded 2026-08-31 18:26 UTC

CWE

CWE-88 - Improper Neutralization of Argument Delimiters in a Command ('Argument Injection')

Assigner

GitHub_M mitre root

References

2 references

URL	Tags
https://github.com/wazuh/wazuh/security/advisorie…	x_refsource_CONFIRM
https://github.com/wazuh/wazuh/commit/b7f3a5e5900…	x_refsource_MISC

Impacted products

1 product

Vendor	Product	Version
wazuh	wazuh	Affected: >= 4.2.0, < 4.14.7

Show details on NVD website

JSON

To clipboard

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Mitigation

Implementation

Strategy: Parameterization

Where possible, avoid building a single string that contains the command and its arguments. Some languages or frameworks have functions that support specifying independent arguments, e.g. as an array, which is used to automatically perform the appropriate quoting or escaping while building the command. For example, in PHP, escapeshellarg() can be used to escape a single argument to system(), or exec() can be called with an array of arguments. In C, code can often be refactored from using system() - which accepts a single string - to using exec(), which requires separate function arguments for each parameter.

Mitigation

Architecture and Design

Strategy: Input Validation

Understand all the potential areas where untrusted inputs can enter your product: parameters or arguments, cookies, anything read from the network, environment variables, request headers as well as content, URL components, e-mail, files, databases, and any external systems that provide data to the application. Perform input validation at well-defined interfaces.

Mitigation MIT-5

Implementation

Strategy: Input Validation

Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.

Mitigation

Implementation

Directly convert your input type into the expected data type, such as using a conversion function that translates a string into a number. After converting to the expected data type, ensure that the input's values fall within the expected range of allowable values and that multi-field consistencies are maintained.

Mitigation

Implementation

Inputs should be decoded and canonicalized to the application's current internal representation before being validated (CWE-180, CWE-181). Make sure that your application does not inadvertently decode the same input twice (CWE-174). Such errors could be used to bypass allowlist schemes by introducing dangerous inputs after they have been checked. Use libraries such as the OWASP ESAPI Canonicalization control.
Consider performing repeated canonicalization until your input does not change any more. This will avoid double-decoding and similar scenarios, but it might inadvertently modify inputs that are allowed to contain properly-encoded dangerous content.

Mitigation

Implementation

When exchanging data between components, ensure that both components are using the same character encoding. Ensure that the proper encoding is applied at each interface. Explicitly set the encoding you are using whenever the protocol allows you to do so.

Mitigation

Implementation

When your application combines data from multiple sources, perform the validation after the sources have been combined. The individual data elements may pass the validation step but violate the intended restrictions after they have been combined.

Mitigation

Testing

Use dynamic tools and techniques that interact with the product using large test suites with many diverse inputs, such as fuzz testing (fuzzing), robustness testing, and fault injection. The product's operation may slow down, but it should not become unstable, crash, or generate incorrect results.

CAPEC-137: Parameter Injection

An adversary manipulates the content of request parameters for the purpose of undermining the security of the target. Some parameter encodings use text characters as separators. For example, parameters in a HTTP GET message are encoded as name-value pairs separated by an ampersand (&). If an attacker can supply text strings that are used to fill in these parameters, then they can inject special characters used in the encoding scheme to add or modify parameters. For example, if user input is fed directly into an HTTP GET request and the user provides the value "myInput&new_param=myValue", then the input parameter is set to myInput, but a new parameter (new_param) is also added with a value of myValue. This can significantly change the meaning of the query that is processed by the server. Any encoding scheme where parameters are identified and separated by text characters is potentially vulnerable to this attack - the HTTP GET encoding used above is just one example.

CAPEC-174: Flash Parameter Injection

An adversary takes advantage of improper data validation to inject malicious global parameters into a Flash file embedded within an HTML document. Flash files can leverage user-submitted data to configure the Flash document and access the embedding HTML document.

CAPEC-41: Using Meta-characters in E-mail Headers to Inject Malicious Payloads

This type of attack involves an attacker leveraging meta-characters in email headers to inject improper behavior into email programs. Email software has become increasingly sophisticated and feature-rich. In addition, email applications are ubiquitous and connected directly to the Web making them ideal targets to launch and propagate attacks. As the user demand for new functionality in email applications grows, they become more like browsers with complex rendering and plug in routines. As more email functionality is included and abstracted from the user, this creates opportunities for attackers. Virtually all email applications do not list email header information by default, however the email header contains valuable attacker vectors for the attacker to exploit particularly if the behavior of the email client application is known. Meta-characters are hidden from the user, but can contain scripts, enumerations, probes, and other attacks against the user's system.

CAPEC-460: HTTP Parameter Pollution (HPP)

An adversary adds duplicate HTTP GET/POST parameters by injecting query string delimiters. Via HPP it may be possible to override existing hardcoded HTTP parameters, modify the application behaviors, access and, potentially exploit, uncontrollable variables, and bypass input validation checkpoints and WAF rules.

CAPEC-88: OS Command Injection

In this type of an attack, an adversary injects operating system commands into existing application functions. An application that uses untrusted input to build command strings is vulnerable. An adversary can leverage OS command injection in an application to elevate privileges, execute arbitrary commands and compromise the underlying operating system.

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