Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-862

Allowed-with-Review

Missing Authorization

Abstraction: Class · Status: Incomplete

The product does not perform an authorization check when an actor attempts to access a resource or perform an action.

19587 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-24Q8-RX29-P9VW

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-13 12:35 – Updated: 2026-07-13 12:35
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in Fahad Mahmood Stock Locations for WooCommerce stock-locations-for-woocommerce allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Stock Locations for WooCommerce: from n/a through <= 3.1.8.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-57419"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-07-13T10:16:35Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in Fahad Mahmood Stock Locations for WooCommerce stock-locations-for-woocommerce allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Stock Locations for WooCommerce: from n/a through \u003c= 3.1.8.",
  "id": "GHSA-24q8-rx29-p9vw",
  "modified": "2026-07-13T12:35:03Z",
  "published": "2026-07-13T12:35:03Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-57419"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/stock-locations-for-woocommerce/vulnerability/wordpress-stock-locations-for-woocommerce-plugin-3-1-8-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-24RC-W3FF-PW6W

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-22 21:31 – Updated: 2026-04-22 21:31
VLAI
Details

The Advanced Custom Fields (ACF) plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Missing Authorization to Arbitrary Post/Page Disclosure in versions up to and including 6.7.0. This is due to AJAX field query endpoints accepting user-supplied filter parameters that override field-configured restrictions without proper authorization checks. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers with access to a frontend ACF form to enumerate and disclose information about draft/private posts, restricted post types, and other data that should be restricted by field configuration.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-4812"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-04-15T04:17:48Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The Advanced Custom Fields (ACF) plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Missing Authorization to Arbitrary Post/Page Disclosure in versions up to and including 6.7.0. This is due to AJAX field query endpoints accepting user-supplied filter parameters that override field-configured restrictions without proper authorization checks. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers with access to a frontend ACF form to enumerate and disclose information about draft/private posts, restricted post types, and other data that should be restricted by field configuration.",
  "id": "GHSA-24rc-w3ff-pw6w",
  "modified": "2026-04-22T21:31:44Z",
  "published": "2026-04-22T21:31:43Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-4812"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/advanced-custom-fields/tags/6.7.0/includes/fields/class-acf-field-page_link.php#L144"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/advanced-custom-fields/tags/6.7.0/includes/fields/class-acf-field-post_object.php#L155"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/advanced-custom-fields/tags/6.7.0/includes/fields/class-acf-field-post_object.php#L92"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/advanced-custom-fields/tags/6.7.0/includes/fields/class-acf-field-relationship.php#L118"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/advanced-custom-fields/tags/6.7.0/includes/fields/class-acf-field-relationship.php#L171"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/advanced-custom-fields/tags/6.7.0/includes/fields/class-acf-field-relationship.php#L180"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/advanced-custom-fields/tags/6.7.0/includes/fields/class-acf-field-relationship.php#L187"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/advanced-custom-fields/tags/6.7.0/includes/fields/class-acf-field-user.php#L435"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/advanced-custom-fields/trunk/includes/fields/class-acf-field-page_link.php#L144"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/advanced-custom-fields/trunk/includes/fields/class-acf-field-post_object.php#L155"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/advanced-custom-fields/trunk/includes/fields/class-acf-field-post_object.php#L92"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/advanced-custom-fields/trunk/includes/fields/class-acf-field-relationship.php#L118"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/advanced-custom-fields/trunk/includes/fields/class-acf-field-relationship.php#L171"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/advanced-custom-fields/trunk/includes/fields/class-acf-field-relationship.php#L180"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/advanced-custom-fields/trunk/includes/fields/class-acf-field-relationship.php#L187"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/advanced-custom-fields/trunk/includes/fields/class-acf-field-user.php#L435"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/51e3a976-a1a3-411a-b88c-f1cb2aa8d5eb?source=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-24V8-RV6X-CQWG

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-10-03 06:31 – Updated: 2026-10-03 06:31
VLAI
Details

The Photo Reviews for WooCommerce plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Arbitrary Content Deletion in versions up to, and including, 1.2.30. This is due to the plugin storing attacker-controlled post IDs from the wcpr_image_upload_id parameter of a public review submission into the review's reviews-images comment meta without verifying that the IDs correspond to attachments owned by the submitter, combined with the delete_reviews_image() handler unconditionally calling wp_delete_post( $id, true ) on every stored ID when the review is deleted. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to permanently delete arbitrary posts, pages, products, or media attachments on the site whenever an administrator subsequently deletes the attacker's review (or when WordPress's built-in wp_scheduled_delete cron empties the comment trash after 30 days).

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-101923"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-10-03T06:16:39Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "The Photo Reviews for WooCommerce plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Arbitrary Content Deletion in versions up to, and including, 1.2.30. This is due to the plugin storing attacker-controlled post IDs from the wcpr_image_upload_id parameter of a public review submission into the review\u0027s reviews-images comment meta without verifying that the IDs correspond to attachments owned by the submitter, combined with the delete_reviews_image() handler unconditionally calling wp_delete_post( $id, true ) on every stored ID when the review is deleted. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to permanently delete arbitrary posts, pages, products, or media attachments on the site whenever an administrator subsequently deletes the attacker\u0027s review (or when WordPress\u0027s built-in wp_scheduled_delete cron empties the comment trash after 30 days).",
  "id": "GHSA-24v8-rv6x-cqwg",
  "modified": "2026-10-03T06:31:12Z",
  "published": "2026-10-03T06:31:12Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-101923"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/woo-photo-reviews/trunk/admin/admin.php#L2390"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/woo-photo-reviews/trunk/admin/admin.php#L31"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/woo-photo-reviews/trunk/frontend/frontend.php#L1232"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/woo-photo-reviews/trunk/frontend/frontend.php#L1268"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?reponame=\u0026old=3718551%40woo-photo-reviews\u0026new=3718551%40woo-photo-reviews"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/bdc330ea-e490-43a5-93eb-a434a0e02868?source=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-24W5-973R-XVRV

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-10-22 03:33 – Updated: 2026-10-22 18:39
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in Drupal SAML SSO - Service Provider allows Forceful Browsing. This issue affects SAML SSO - Service Provider versions: from 0.0.0 to 3.2.0.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-87943"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-10-22T02:17:03Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in Drupal SAML SSO - Service Provider  allows Forceful Browsing. This issue affects SAML SSO - Service Provider  versions: from 0.0.0 to 3.2.0.",
  "id": "GHSA-24w5-973r-xvrv",
  "modified": "2026-10-22T18:39:23Z",
  "published": "2026-10-22T03:33:40Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-87943"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.drupal.org/sa-contrib-2026-141"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-24W6-QRFX-XWHV

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-01-07 18:30 – Updated: 2026-04-01 18:33
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in Ella van Durpe Slides & Presentations allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Slides & Presentations: from n/a through 0.0.39.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-22534"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-01-07T16:15:49Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in Ella van Durpe Slides \u0026 Presentations allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Slides \u0026 Presentations: from n/a through 0.0.39.",
  "id": "GHSA-24w6-qrfx-xwhv",
  "modified": "2026-04-01T18:33:03Z",
  "published": "2025-01-07T18:30:51Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-22534"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/slide/vulnerability/wordpress-slides-presentations-plugin-0-0-39-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-24X8-275W-HWPR

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-01-08 21:30 – Updated: 2024-01-11 21:31
VLAI
Details

The Debug Log Manager WordPress plugin before 2.3.0 contains a Directory listing vulnerability was discovered, which allows you to download the debug log without authorization and gain access to sensitive data

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-6383"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-01-08T19:15:10Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "The Debug Log Manager WordPress plugin before 2.3.0 contains a Directory listing vulnerability was discovered, which allows you to download the debug log without authorization and gain access to sensitive data",
  "id": "GHSA-24x8-275w-hwpr",
  "modified": "2024-01-11T21:31:17Z",
  "published": "2024-01-08T21:30:33Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-6383"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://wpscan.com/vulnerability/eae63103-3de6-4100-8f48-2bcf9a5c91fb"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-24X8-MMRF-F9J6

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-11 21:31 – Updated: 2026-09-11 21:31
VLAI
Details

Subscriber Broken Access Control in Masteriyo - LMS <= 3.4.0 versions.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-62132"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-09-11T19:17:44Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Subscriber Broken Access Control in Masteriyo - LMS \u003c= 3.4.0 versions.",
  "id": "GHSA-24x8-mmrf-f9j6",
  "modified": "2026-09-11T21:31:18Z",
  "published": "2026-09-11T21:31:18Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-62132"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/learning-management-system/vulnerability/wordpress-masteriyo-lms-plugin-3-4-0-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-252C-7783-4V3H

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-26 15:32 – Updated: 2026-06-26 15:32
VLAI
Details

Unauthenticated Broken Access Control in User Registration <= 5.2.2 versions.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-52701"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-06-26T15:16:39Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Unauthenticated Broken Access Control in User Registration \u003c= 5.2.2 versions.",
  "id": "GHSA-252c-7783-4v3h",
  "modified": "2026-06-26T15:32:15Z",
  "published": "2026-06-26T15:32:15Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-52701"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/user-registration/vulnerability/wordpress-user-registration-plugin-5-1-5-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-253Q-PRR2-4PRX

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-08-13 00:31 – Updated: 2026-04-01 18:31
VLAI
Details

Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor, Missing Authorization vulnerability in ThemeSphere SmartMag allows Excavation, Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs.This issue affects SmartMag: from n/a through 9.3.0.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-37930"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-200",
      "CWE-532",
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-08-12T23:15:15Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor, Missing Authorization vulnerability in ThemeSphere SmartMag allows Excavation, Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs.This issue affects SmartMag: from n/a through 9.3.0.",
  "id": "GHSA-253q-prr2-4prx",
  "modified": "2026-04-01T18:31:53Z",
  "published": "2024-08-13T00:31:43Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-37930"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Theme/smartmag-responsive-retina-wordpress-magazine/vulnerability/wordpress-smartmag-theme-9-3-0-sensitive-data-exposure-via-log-file-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/smartmag-responsive-retina-wordpress-magazine/wordpress-smartmag-theme-9-3-0-sensitive-data-exposure-via-log-file-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-254Q-RQMW-VX45

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-02-16 00:01 – Updated: 2026-02-27 20:21
VLAI
Summary
Missing Authorization in librenms/librenms
Details

Missing Authorization in Packagist librenms/librenms prior to 22.2.0.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "librenms/librenms"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "22.2.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-0588"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-200",
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2022-02-16T22:53:08Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-02-15T08:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization in Packagist librenms/librenms prior to 22.2.0.",
  "id": "GHSA-254q-rqmw-vx45",
  "modified": "2026-02-27T20:21:10Z",
  "published": "2022-02-16T00:01:52Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-0588"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/librenms/librenms/commit/95970af78e4c899744a715766d744deef8c505f7"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/librenms/librenms"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://huntr.dev/bounties/caab3310-0d70-4c8a-8768-956f8dd3326d"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://notes.netbytesec.com/2022/02/multiple-vulnerabilities-in-librenms.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Missing Authorization in librenms/librenms"
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • Divide the product into anonymous, normal, privileged, and administrative areas. Reduce the attack surface by carefully mapping roles with data and functionality. Use role-based access control (RBAC) [REF-229] to enforce the roles at the appropriate boundaries.
  • Note that this approach may not protect against horizontal authorization, i.e., it will not protect a user from attacking others with the same role.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Ensure that access control checks are performed related to the business logic. These checks may be different than the access control checks that are applied to more generic resources such as files, connections, processes, memory, and database records. For example, a database may restrict access for medical records to a specific database user, but each record might only be intended to be accessible to the patient and the patient's doctor [REF-7].

Mitigation MIT-4.4
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

  • Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
  • For example, consider using authorization frameworks such as the JAAS Authorization Framework [REF-233] and the OWASP ESAPI Access Control feature [REF-45].
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • For web applications, make sure that the access control mechanism is enforced correctly at the server side on every page. Users should not be able to access any unauthorized functionality or information by simply requesting direct access to that page.
  • One way to do this is to ensure that all pages containing sensitive information are not cached, and that all such pages restrict access to requests that are accompanied by an active and authenticated session token associated with a user who has the required permissions to access that page.
Mitigation
System Configuration Installation

Use the access control capabilities of your operating system and server environment and define your access control lists accordingly. Use a "default deny" policy when defining these ACLs.

CAPEC-665: Exploitation of Thunderbolt Protection Flaws

An adversary leverages a firmware weakness within the Thunderbolt protocol, on a computing device to manipulate Thunderbolt controller firmware in order to exploit vulnerabilities in the implementation of authorization and verification schemes within Thunderbolt protection mechanisms. Upon gaining physical access to a target device, the adversary conducts high-level firmware manipulation of the victim Thunderbolt controller SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) flash, through the use of a SPI Programing device and an external Thunderbolt device, typically as the target device is booting up. If successful, this allows the adversary to modify memory, subvert authentication mechanisms, spoof identities and content, and extract data and memory from the target device. Currently 7 major vulnerabilities exist within Thunderbolt protocol with 9 attack vectors as noted in the Execution Flow.