CWE-862
Weakness Allowed-with-ReviewMissing Authorization
Abstraction: Class · Status: Incomplete
The product does not perform an authorization check when an actor attempts to access a resource or perform an action.
Dimensions
- Behavior-Property: Missing
- Behavior-Type: Authorization
Mapping guidance
This CWE entry is a Class and might have Base-level children that would be more appropriate
Examine children of this entry to see if there is a better fit
Relationships and members
Modes of introduction
OMISSION: This weakness is caused by missing a security tactic during the architecture and design phase.
Authorization weaknesses may arise when a single-user application is ported to a multi-user environment.
A developer may introduce authorization weaknesses because of a lack of understanding about the underlying technologies. For example, a developer may assume that attackers cannot modify certain inputs such as headers or cookies.
Detection methods
Automated Static Analysis
Automated static analysis is useful for detecting commonly-used idioms for authorization. A tool may be able to analyze related configuration files, such as .htaccess in Apache web servers, or detect the usage of commonly-used authorization libraries.
Generally, automated static analysis tools have difficulty detecting custom authorization schemes. In addition, the software's design may include some functionality that is accessible to any user and does not require an authorization check; an automated technique that detects the absence of authorization may report false positives.
Effectiveness: Limited
Automated Dynamic Analysis
Automated dynamic analysis may find many or all possible interfaces that do not require authorization, but manual analysis is required to determine if the lack of authorization violates business logic.
Manual Analysis
This weakness can be detected using tools and techniques that require manual (human) analysis, such as penetration testing, threat modeling, and interactive tools that allow the tester to record and modify an active session.
Specifically, manual static analysis is useful for evaluating the correctness of custom authorization mechanisms.
Effectiveness: Moderate
These may be more effective than strictly automated techniques. This is especially the case with weaknesses that are related to design and business rules. However, manual efforts might not achieve desired code coverage within limited time constraints.
Manual Static Analysis - Binary or Bytecode
According to SOAR [REF-1479], the following detection techniques may be useful:
Cost effective for partial coverage:
Binary / Bytecode disassembler - then use manual analysis for vulnerabilities & anomalies
Effectiveness: SOAR Partial
Dynamic Analysis with Automated Results Interpretation
According to SOAR [REF-1479], the following detection techniques may be useful:
Cost effective for partial coverage:
Web Application Scanner
Web Services Scanner
Database Scanners
Effectiveness: SOAR Partial
Dynamic Analysis with Manual Results Interpretation
According to SOAR [REF-1479], the following detection techniques may be useful:
Cost effective for partial coverage:
Host Application Interface Scanner
Fuzz Tester
Framework-based Fuzzer
Effectiveness: SOAR Partial
Manual Static Analysis - Source Code
According to SOAR [REF-1479], the following detection techniques may be useful:
Cost effective for partial coverage:
Focused Manual Spotcheck - Focused manual analysis of source
Manual Source Code Review (not inspections)
Effectiveness: SOAR Partial
Automated Static Analysis - Source Code
According to SOAR [REF-1479], the following detection techniques may be useful:
Cost effective for partial coverage:
Source code Weakness Analyzer
Context-configured Source Code Weakness Analyzer
Effectiveness: SOAR Partial
Architecture or Design Review
According to SOAR [REF-1479], the following detection techniques may be useful:
Highly cost effective:
Inspection (IEEE 1028 standard) (can apply to requirements, design, source code, etc.)
Formal Methods / Correct-By-Construction
Effectiveness: High
Notes
Terminology
Assuming a user with a given identity, authorization is the process of determining whether that user can access a given resource, based on the user's privileges and any permissions or other access-control specifications that apply to the resource.
Content history
Suggested mappings to ISA/IEC 62443.
Provided diagram to improve CWE usability
updated Demonstrative_Examples, Related_Attack_Patterns, Relationships
updated Potential_Mitigations, References, Relationships
updated Demonstrative_Examples, Observed_Examples, References, Relationships
updated Potential_Mitigations
updated Relationships
updated Detection_Factors
updated Relationships
updated Applicable_Platforms, Modes_of_Introduction, References, Relationships
updated References
updated Relationships
updated Relationships
updated Relationships
updated Relationships
updated Alternate_Terms, Observed_Examples
updated Observed_Examples, Related_Attack_Patterns, Relationships
updated Relationships
updated Relationships
updated Observed_Examples
updated Description, Potential_Mitigations
updated References, Relationships, Taxonomy_Mappings
updated Mapping_Notes, Relationships, Taxonomy_Mappings
updated Common_Consequences, Description, Diagram, Relationships, Terminology_Notes
updated Applicable_Platforms, Detection_Factors, Observed_Examples, References
updated Applicable_Platforms, Relationships, Weakness_Ordinalities
updated Applicable_Platforms, Observed_Examples, Relationships
updated Applicable_Platforms, Dimensions, References, Relationships, Taxonomy_Mappings
20100 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-MPF5-3VPH-Q75R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-16 20:41 – Updated: 2026-06-08 19:53Impact
The translation memory API exposed unintended endpoints, which in turn didn't do proper access control.
Patches
- https://github.com/WeblateOrg/weblate/pull/18513
Workarounds
Blocking access to /api/memory/ in the HTTP server removes access to this feature.
References
This issue was reported by ggamno via HackerOne.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "Weblate"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "5.17"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-33214"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-04-16T20:41:19Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-04-15T18:17:20Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "### Impact\nThe translation memory API exposed unintended endpoints, which in turn didn\u0027t do proper access control.\n\n### Patches\n* https://github.com/WeblateOrg/weblate/pull/18513\n\n### Workarounds\nBlocking access to `/api/memory/` in the HTTP server removes access to this feature.\n\n### References\nThis issue was reported by [ggamno](https://hackerone.com/ggamno) via HackerOne.",
"id": "GHSA-mpf5-3vph-q75r",
"modified": "2026-06-08T19:53:53Z",
"published": "2026-04-16T20:41:19Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/WeblateOrg/weblate/security/advisories/GHSA-mpf5-3vph-q75r"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-33214"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/WeblateOrg/weblate/pull/18513"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/WeblateOrg/weblate"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/weblate/PYSEC-2026-152.yaml"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Weblate: Improper access control for the translation memory in API"
}
GHSA-MPFF-XHG4-VR45
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-24 15:31 – Updated: 2026-09-25 19:19Jenkins MCP Server Plugin 0.177.v629fdb_2557fe and earlier does not perform a permission check in the getReplayScripts MCP tool that returns the replay script of a Pipeline build.
This allows attackers with Item/Read permission to obtain the Pipeline script of jobs.
MCP Server Plugin 0.178.vffe5a_e770f3b_ requires Item/Extended Read permission to return the replay script of a Pipeline build through the getReplayScripts MCP tool.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "io.jenkins.plugins:mcp-server"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "0.178.vffe5a"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-57300"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-09-25T19:18:59Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-24T14:17:36Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Jenkins MCP Server Plugin 0.177.v629fdb_2557fe and earlier does not perform a permission check in the getReplayScripts MCP tool that returns the replay script of a Pipeline build.\n\nThis allows attackers with Item/Read permission to obtain the Pipeline script of jobs.\n\nMCP Server Plugin 0.178.vffe5a_e770f3b_ requires Item/Extended Read permission to return the replay script of a Pipeline build through the getReplayScripts MCP tool.",
"id": "GHSA-mpff-xhg4-vr45",
"modified": "2026-09-25T19:19:00Z",
"published": "2026-06-24T15:31:48Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-57300"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/jenkinsci/mcp-server-plugin/commit/ffe5ae770f3bd7e88c99aea3018263af0b2f9cc4"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/jenkinsci/mcp-server-plugin"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/jenkinsci/mcp-server-plugin/releases/tag/0.178.vffe5a_e770f3b_"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.jenkins.io/security/advisory/2026-06-24/#SECURITY-3759"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Jenkins MCP Server Plugin missing a permission check"
}
GHSA-MPFP-CMM2-68PC
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-10-13 00:31 – Updated: 2026-10-13 00:31Frappe ERPNext before 15.121.0 and 16.x before 16.34.0 contains a missing authorization vulnerability in which certain endpoints fail to enforce proper authorization checks on document status modification. Authenticated low-privileged users can call these endpoints to modify data beyond their permitted role, bypassing intended role-based access restrictions.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-109613"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-10-12T23:17:25Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Frappe ERPNext before 15.121.0 and 16.x before 16.34.0 contains a missing authorization vulnerability in which certain endpoints fail to enforce proper authorization checks on document status modification. Authenticated low-privileged users can call these endpoints to modify data beyond their permitted role, bypassing intended role-based access restrictions.",
"id": "GHSA-mpfp-cmm2-68pc",
"modified": "2026-10-13T00:31:26Z",
"published": "2026-10-13T00:31:26Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/frappe/erpnext/security/advisories/GHSA-wp9w-rxmg-6pfj"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-109613"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/frappe-erpnext-before-15.121.0-missing-authorization-allows-unauthorized-status-modification"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-MPFV-C66G-P7M7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-12-13 15:30 – Updated: 2026-04-28 21:35Missing Authorization vulnerability in VillaTheme(villatheme.com) ALD – Dropshipping and Fulfillment for AliExpress and WooCommerce allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects ALD – Dropshipping and Fulfillment for AliExpress and WooCommerce: from n/a through 1.0.21.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-46811"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-12-13T15:15:09Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in VillaTheme(villatheme.com) ALD \u2013 Dropshipping and Fulfillment for AliExpress and WooCommerce allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects ALD \u2013 Dropshipping and Fulfillment for AliExpress and WooCommerce: from n/a through 1.0.21.",
"id": "GHSA-mpfv-c66g-p7m7",
"modified": "2026-04-28T21:35:22Z",
"published": "2024-12-13T15:30:39Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-46811"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/woo-alidropship/vulnerability/wordpress-ald-dropshipping-and-fulfillment-for-aliexpress-and-woocommerce-plugin-1-0-21-broken-access-control-csrf?_s_id=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-MPGQ-5V7G-77W2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-12-12 06:30 – Updated: 2024-12-12 06:30The de:branding plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized modification of data that can lead to privilege escalation due to a missing capability check on the debranding_save() function in all versions up to, and including, 1.0.2. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with subscriber-level access and above, to update arbitrary options on the WordPress site. This can be leveraged to update the default role for registration to administrator and enable user registration for attackers to gain administrative user access to a vulnerable site.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-11443"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-12-12T04:15:06Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The de:branding plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized modification of data that can lead to privilege escalation due to a missing capability check on the debranding_save() function in all versions up to, and including, 1.0.2. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with subscriber-level access and above, to update arbitrary options on the WordPress site. This can be leveraged to update the default role for registration to administrator and enable user registration for attackers to gain administrative user access to a vulnerable site.",
"id": "GHSA-mpgq-5v7g-77w2",
"modified": "2024-12-12T06:30:50Z",
"published": "2024-12-12T06:30:50Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-11443"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/debranding/trunk/classes/class-debrand-ajax.php#L19"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/debranding/trunk/classes/class-debrand-ajax.php#L6"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/a827cea5-e8c2-47dd-81d7-e3700c19c8da?source=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-MPH6-PWXV-546X
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-10-15 12:01 – Updated: 2022-10-19 12:00In music service, there is a missing permission check. This could lead to elevation of privilege in contacts service with no additional execution privileges needed.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-2985"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-10-14T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "In music service, there is a missing permission check. This could lead to elevation of privilege in contacts service with no additional execution privileges needed.",
"id": "GHSA-mph6-pwxv-546x",
"modified": "2022-10-19T12:00:24Z",
"published": "2022-10-15T12:01:07Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-2985"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.unisoc.com/en_us/secy/announcementDetail/1575654905820020738"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-MPHV-4VX5-5CR8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-03-03 03:31 – Updated: 2025-03-05 18:32Incorrect access control in the component /rest/staffResource/findAllUsersAcrossOrg of Serosoft Solutions Pvt Ltd Academia Student Information System (SIS) EagleR v1.0.118 allows create and modify user accounts, including an Administrator account.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-27583"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-03-03T01:15:12Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Incorrect access control in the component /rest/staffResource/findAllUsersAcrossOrg of Serosoft Solutions Pvt Ltd Academia Student Information System (SIS) EagleR v1.0.118 allows create and modify user accounts, including an Administrator account.",
"id": "GHSA-mphv-4vx5-5cr8",
"modified": "2025-03-05T18:32:03Z",
"published": "2025-03-03T03:31:18Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-27583"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/VvV1per/Vulnerability-Research-CVEs/tree/main/CVE-2024-53637"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-MPJ7-7MG7-X95J
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-12-28 18:30 – Updated: 2025-02-11 19:04Apache NiFi 1.10.0 through 2.0.0 are missing fine-grained authorization checking for Parameter Contexts, referenced Controller Services, and referenced Parameter Providers, when creating new Process Groups.
Creating a new Process Group can include binding to a Parameter Context, but in cases where the Process Group did not reference any Parameter values, the framework did not check user authorization for the bound Parameter Context. Missing authorization for a bound Parameter Context enabled clients to download non-sensitive Parameter values after creating the Process Group.
Creating a new Process Group can also include referencing existing Controller Services or Parameter Providers. The framework did not check user authorization for referenced Controller Services or Parameter Providers, enabling clients to create Process Groups and use these components that were otherwise unauthorized.
This vulnerability is limited in scope to authenticated users authorized to create Process Groups. The scope is further limited to deployments with component-based authorization policies. Upgrading to Apache NiFi 2.1.0 is the recommended mitigation, which includes authorization checking for Parameter and Controller Service references on Process Group creation.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.apache.nifi:nifi-web-api"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "1.10.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.1.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-56512"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-638",
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2024-12-30T16:52:08Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2024-12-28T17:15:07Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "Apache NiFi 1.10.0 through 2.0.0 are missing fine-grained authorization checking for Parameter Contexts, referenced Controller Services, and referenced Parameter Providers, when creating new Process Groups.\n\nCreating a new Process Group can include binding to a Parameter Context, but in cases where the Process Group did not reference any Parameter values, the framework did not check user authorization for the bound Parameter Context. Missing authorization for a bound Parameter Context enabled clients to download non-sensitive Parameter values after creating the Process Group.\n\nCreating a new Process Group can also include referencing existing Controller Services or Parameter Providers. The framework did not check user authorization for referenced Controller Services or Parameter Providers, enabling clients to create Process Groups and use these components that were otherwise unauthorized.\n\nThis vulnerability is limited in scope to authenticated users authorized to create Process Groups. The scope is further limited to deployments with component-based authorization policies. Upgrading to Apache NiFi 2.1.0 is the recommended mitigation, which includes authorization checking for Parameter and Controller Service references on Process Group creation.",
"id": "GHSA-mpj7-7mg7-x95j",
"modified": "2025-02-11T19:04:04Z",
"published": "2024-12-28T18:30:48Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-56512"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/apache/nifi/commit/f744deebf9a9effdbbff79ce6073ec329b5f45da"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/apache/nifi"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread/cjc8fns5kjsho0s7vonlnojokyfx47wn"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2024/12/28/1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:H/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N/U:Green",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Apache NiFi: Missing Complete Authorization for Parameter and Service References"
}
GHSA-MPJ7-7XPF-5V66
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-04-24 12:30 – Updated: 2026-01-01 00:31Missing Authorization vulnerability in Quiz Maker team Quiz Maker.This issue affects Quiz Maker: from n/a through 6.3.9.4.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-23985"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-04-24T11:15:46Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in Quiz Maker team Quiz Maker.This issue affects Quiz Maker: from n/a through 6.3.9.4.",
"id": "GHSA-mpj7-7xpf-5v66",
"modified": "2026-01-01T00:31:23Z",
"published": "2024-04-24T12:30:42Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-23985"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/quiz-maker/wordpress-quiz-maker-plugin-6-3-9-4-content-spoofing?_s_id=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-MPJM-V997-C4H4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-10-12 21:59 – Updated: 2022-08-11 16:56Impact
This vulnerability allows a sandboxed renderer to request a "thumbnail" image of an arbitrary file on the user's system. The thumbnail can potentially include significant parts of the original file, including textual data in many cases.
All current stable versions of Electron are affected.
Patches
This was fixed with #30728, and the following Electron versions contain the fix:
- 15.0.0-alpha.10
- 14.0.0
- 13.3.0
- 12.1.0
- 11.5.0
Workarounds
If your app enables contextIsolation, this vulnerability is significantly more difficult for an attacker to exploit.
Further, if your app does not depend on the createThumbnailFromPath API, then you can simply disable the functionality. In the main process, before the 'ready' event:
delete require('electron').nativeImage.createThumbnailFromPath
For more information
If you have any questions or comments about this advisory, email us at security@electronjs.org.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "electron"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "11.5.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "electron"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "12.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "12.1.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "electron"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "13.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "13.3.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-39184"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-668",
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2021-10-12T18:54:44Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2021-10-12T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "### Impact\nThis vulnerability allows a sandboxed renderer to request a \"thumbnail\" image of an arbitrary file on the user\u0027s system. The thumbnail can potentially include significant parts of the original file, including textual data in many cases.\n\nAll current stable versions of Electron are affected.\n\n### Patches\nThis was fixed with #30728, and the following Electron versions contain the fix:\n\n- 15.0.0-alpha.10\n- 14.0.0\n- 13.3.0\n- 12.1.0\n- 11.5.0\n\n### Workarounds\nIf your app enables `contextIsolation`, this vulnerability is significantly more difficult for an attacker to exploit.\n\nFurther, if your app does not depend on the `createThumbnailFromPath` API, then you can simply disable the functionality. In the main process, before the \u0027ready\u0027 event:\n```js\ndelete require(\u0027electron\u0027).nativeImage.createThumbnailFromPath\n```\n\n### For more information\nIf you have any questions or comments about this advisory, email us at [security@electronjs.org](mailto:security@electronjs.org).",
"id": "GHSA-mpjm-v997-c4h4",
"modified": "2022-08-11T16:56:02Z",
"published": "2021-10-12T21:59:13Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/electron/electron/security/advisories/GHSA-mpjm-v997-c4h4"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-39184"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/electron/electron/pull/30728"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/electron/electron/pull/30728/commits/8fed645bd671f359ee52d806c075ec4e07eda17f"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/electron/electron"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Electron\u0027s sandboxed renderers can obtain thumbnails of arbitrary files through the nativeImage API"
}
Mitigation
- Divide the product into anonymous, normal, privileged, and administrative areas. Reduce the attack surface by carefully mapping roles with data and functionality. Use role-based access control (RBAC) [REF-229] to enforce the roles at the appropriate boundaries.
- Note that this approach may not protect against horizontal authorization, i.e., it will not protect a user from attacking others with the same role.
Mitigation
Ensure that access control checks are performed related to the business logic. These checks may be different than the access control checks that are applied to more generic resources such as files, connections, processes, memory, and database records. For example, a database may restrict access for medical records to a specific database user, but each record might only be intended to be accessible to the patient and the patient's doctor [REF-7].
Mitigation MIT-4.4
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, consider using authorization frameworks such as the JAAS Authorization Framework [REF-233] and the OWASP ESAPI Access Control feature [REF-45].
Mitigation
- For web applications, make sure that the access control mechanism is enforced correctly at the server side on every page. Users should not be able to access any unauthorized functionality or information by simply requesting direct access to that page.
- One way to do this is to ensure that all pages containing sensitive information are not cached, and that all such pages restrict access to requests that are accompanied by an active and authenticated session token associated with a user who has the required permissions to access that page.
Mitigation
Use the access control capabilities of your operating system and server environment and define your access control lists accordingly. Use a "default deny" policy when defining these ACLs.
CAPEC-665: Exploitation of Thunderbolt Protection Flaws
An adversary leverages a firmware weakness within the Thunderbolt protocol, on a computing device to manipulate Thunderbolt controller firmware in order to exploit vulnerabilities in the implementation of authorization and verification schemes within Thunderbolt protection mechanisms. Upon gaining physical access to a target device, the adversary conducts high-level firmware manipulation of the victim Thunderbolt controller SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) flash, through the use of a SPI Programing device and an external Thunderbolt device, typically as the target device is booting up. If successful, this allows the adversary to modify memory, subvert authentication mechanisms, spoof identities and content, and extract data and memory from the target device. Currently 7 major vulnerabilities exist within Thunderbolt protocol with 9 attack vectors as noted in the Execution Flow.