Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-862

Weakness Allowed-with-Review

Missing Authorization

Abstraction: Class · Status: Incomplete

The product does not perform an authorization check when an actor attempts to access a resource or perform an action.

Dimensions

  • Behavior-Property: Missing
  • Behavior-Type: Authorization
Mapping guidance

This CWE entry is a Class and might have Base-level children that would be more appropriate

Examine children of this entry to see if there is a better fit

Relationships and members
ChildOf: CWE-285 · View CWE-1000
  • Behavior-Property: Improper
ChildOf: CWE-284 · View CWE-1340
  • Behavior-Property: Improper
  • Behavior-Type: Access Control
Modes of introduction
Architecture and Design

OMISSION: This weakness is caused by missing a security tactic during the architecture and design phase.

Authorization weaknesses may arise when a single-user application is ported to a multi-user environment.

Implementation

A developer may introduce authorization weaknesses because of a lack of understanding about the underlying technologies. For example, a developer may assume that attackers cannot modify certain inputs such as headers or cookies.

Operation
Detection methods

Automated Static Analysis

Automated static analysis is useful for detecting commonly-used idioms for authorization. A tool may be able to analyze related configuration files, such as .htaccess in Apache web servers, or detect the usage of commonly-used authorization libraries.

Generally, automated static analysis tools have difficulty detecting custom authorization schemes. In addition, the software's design may include some functionality that is accessible to any user and does not require an authorization check; an automated technique that detects the absence of authorization may report false positives.

Effectiveness: Limited

Automated Dynamic Analysis

Automated dynamic analysis may find many or all possible interfaces that do not require authorization, but manual analysis is required to determine if the lack of authorization violates business logic.

Manual Analysis

This weakness can be detected using tools and techniques that require manual (human) analysis, such as penetration testing, threat modeling, and interactive tools that allow the tester to record and modify an active session.

Specifically, manual static analysis is useful for evaluating the correctness of custom authorization mechanisms.

Effectiveness: Moderate

These may be more effective than strictly automated techniques. This is especially the case with weaknesses that are related to design and business rules. However, manual efforts might not achieve desired code coverage within limited time constraints.

Manual Static Analysis - Binary or Bytecode

According to SOAR [REF-1479], the following detection techniques may be useful:

Cost effective for partial coverage:

Binary / Bytecode disassembler - then use manual analysis for vulnerabilities & anomalies

Effectiveness: SOAR Partial

Dynamic Analysis with Automated Results Interpretation

According to SOAR [REF-1479], the following detection techniques may be useful:

Cost effective for partial coverage:

Web Application Scanner

Web Services Scanner

Database Scanners

Effectiveness: SOAR Partial

Dynamic Analysis with Manual Results Interpretation

According to SOAR [REF-1479], the following detection techniques may be useful:

Cost effective for partial coverage:

Host Application Interface Scanner

Fuzz Tester

Framework-based Fuzzer

Effectiveness: SOAR Partial

Manual Static Analysis - Source Code

According to SOAR [REF-1479], the following detection techniques may be useful:

Cost effective for partial coverage:

Focused Manual Spotcheck - Focused manual analysis of source

Manual Source Code Review (not inspections)

Effectiveness: SOAR Partial

Automated Static Analysis - Source Code

According to SOAR [REF-1479], the following detection techniques may be useful:

Cost effective for partial coverage:

Source code Weakness Analyzer

Context-configured Source Code Weakness Analyzer

Effectiveness: SOAR Partial

Architecture or Design Review

According to SOAR [REF-1479], the following detection techniques may be useful:

Highly cost effective:

Inspection (IEEE 1028 standard) (can apply to requirements, design, source code, etc.)

Formal Methods / Correct-By-Construction

Effectiveness: High

Notes

Terminology

Assuming a user with a given identity, authorization is the process of determining whether that user can access a given resource, based on the user's privileges and any permissions or other access-control specifications that apply to the resource.

Content history
Submission: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2011-05-24 · CWE 1.13
Contribution: "Mapping CWE to 62443" Sub-Working Group · CWE-CAPEC ICS/OT SIG · 2023-04-25 · CWE 4.11

Suggested mappings to ISA/IEC 62443.

Contribution: Abhi Balakrishnan · 2024-02-29 · CWE 4.16

Provided diagram to improve CWE usability

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2011-06-27 · CWE 2.0

updated Demonstrative_Examples, Related_Attack_Patterns, Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2011-09-13 · CWE 2.1

updated Potential_Mitigations, References, Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2012-05-11 · CWE 2.2

updated Demonstrative_Examples, Observed_Examples, References, Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2012-10-30 · CWE 2.3

updated Potential_Mitigations

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2014-02-18 · CWE 2.6

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2014-07-30 · CWE 2.8

updated Detection_Factors

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2017-01-19 · CWE 2.10

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2017-11-08 · CWE 3.0

updated Applicable_Platforms, Modes_of_Introduction, References, Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2018-03-27 · CWE 3.1

updated References

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2019-06-20 · CWE 3.3

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2020-02-24 · CWE 4.0

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2020-08-20 · CWE 4.2

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2020-12-10 · CWE 4.3

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2021-03-15 · CWE 4.4

updated Alternate_Terms, Observed_Examples

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2021-07-20 · CWE 4.5

updated Observed_Examples, Related_Attack_Patterns, Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2021-10-28 · CWE 4.6

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2022-06-28 · CWE 4.8

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2022-10-13 · CWE 4.9

updated Observed_Examples

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2023-01-31 · CWE 4.10

updated Description, Potential_Mitigations

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2023-04-27 · CWE 4.11

updated References, Relationships, Taxonomy_Mappings

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2023-06-29 · CWE 4.12

updated Mapping_Notes, Relationships, Taxonomy_Mappings

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2024-11-19 · CWE 4.16

updated Common_Consequences, Description, Diagram, Relationships, Terminology_Notes

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2025-09-09 · CWE 4.18

updated Applicable_Platforms, Detection_Factors, Observed_Examples, References

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2025-12-11 · CWE 4.19

updated Applicable_Platforms, Relationships, Weakness_Ordinalities

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2026-04-30 · CWE 4.20

updated Applicable_Platforms, Observed_Examples, Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2026-10-28 · CWE 5.0

updated Applicable_Platforms, Dimensions, References, Relationships, Taxonomy_Mappings

20100 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-M5WR-JM3H-539R

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-06-19 15:30 – Updated: 2024-06-19 15:30
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in ThemeFusion Fusion Builder.This issue affects Fusion Builder: from n/a through 3.11.1.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-39310"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-06-19T14:15:13Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in ThemeFusion Fusion Builder.This issue affects Fusion Builder: from n/a through 3.11.1.",
  "id": "GHSA-m5wr-jm3h-539r",
  "modified": "2024-06-19T15:30:52Z",
  "published": "2024-06-19T15:30:52Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-39310"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/fusion-builder/wordpress-avada-builder-plugin-3-11-1-authenticated-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-M5XC-CX57-JCG8

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-04-11 03:34 – Updated: 2026-04-28 21:34
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in YITH YITH WooCommerce Gift Cards Premium.This issue affects YITH WooCommerce Gift Cards Premium: from n/a through 3.23.1.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-44633"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-04-11T01:17:02Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in YITH YITH WooCommerce Gift Cards Premium.This issue affects YITH WooCommerce Gift Cards Premium: from n/a through 3.23.1.",
  "id": "GHSA-m5xc-cx57-jcg8",
  "modified": "2026-04-28T21:34:35Z",
  "published": "2024-04-11T03:34:59Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-44633"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/yith-woocommerce-gift-cards-premium/wordpress-yith-woocommerce-gift-cards-premium-plugin-3-23-1-unauth-gift-card-creation-leading-to-stored-xss-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-M63C-QQGH-G8HH

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-06-09 12:30 – Updated: 2024-06-09 12:30
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in WP Desk Flexible Checkout Fields for WooCommerce.This issue affects Flexible Checkout Fields for WooCommerce: from n/a through 4.1.2.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-31267"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-06-09T12:15:10Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in WP Desk Flexible Checkout Fields for WooCommerce.This issue affects Flexible Checkout Fields for WooCommerce: from n/a through 4.1.2.",
  "id": "GHSA-m63c-qqgh-g8hh",
  "modified": "2024-06-09T12:30:52Z",
  "published": "2024-06-09T12:30:52Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-31267"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/flexible-checkout-fields/wordpress-flexible-checkout-fields-for-woocommerce-plugin-4-1-2-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-M645-96C9-MXRV

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-01-16 06:30 – Updated: 2026-01-16 06:30
VLAI
Details

The MailerLite - WooCommerce integration plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized data modification and deletion in all versions up to, and including, 3.1.3. This is due to missing capability checks on the resetIntegration() function. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Subscriber-level access and above, to reset the plugin's integration settings, delete all plugin options, and drop the plugin's database tables (woo_mailerlite_carts and woo_mailerlite_jobs), resulting in complete loss of plugin data including customer abandoned cart information and sync job history.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-1000"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-01-16T05:16:17Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The MailerLite - WooCommerce integration plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized data modification and deletion in all versions up to, and including, 3.1.3. This is due to missing capability checks on the resetIntegration() function. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Subscriber-level access and above, to reset the plugin\u0027s integration settings, delete all plugin options, and drop the plugin\u0027s database tables (woo_mailerlite_carts and woo_mailerlite_jobs), resulting in complete loss of plugin data including customer abandoned cart information and sync job history.",
  "id": "GHSA-m645-96c9-mxrv",
  "modified": "2026-01-16T06:30:15Z",
  "published": "2026-01-16T06:30:15Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-1000"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/woo-mailerlite/tags/3.1.3/admin/controllers/WooMailerLiteAdminSettingsController.php#L231"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/woo-mailerlite/tags/3.1.3/includes/WooMailerLite.php#L127"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/woo-mailerlite/tags/3.1.3/includes/migrations/WooMailerLiteMigration.php#L33"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail=\u0026reponame=\u0026new=3415073%40woo-mailerlite%2Ftrunk\u0026old=3399626%40woo-mailerlite%2Ftrunk\u0026sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail="
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/e20deec4-f40c-4bd3-91f7-6a9d643a5520?source=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-M656-9WFV-RQHP

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-10-22 09:31 – Updated: 2026-10-22 09:31
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in Ahmad Majestic Support majestic-support allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Majestic Support: from n/a through 1.2.1.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-112218"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-10-22T09:17:14Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in Ahmad Majestic Support majestic-support allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Majestic Support: from n/a through 1.2.1.",
  "id": "GHSA-m656-9wfv-rqhp",
  "modified": "2026-10-22T09:31:47Z",
  "published": "2026-10-22T09:31:47Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-112218"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/majestic-support/vulnerability/wordpress-majestic-support-plugin-1-2-1-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-M65X-5PRM-5WF2

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-22 21:31 – Updated: 2026-04-22 21:31
VLAI
Details

The Katalogportal PDF Sync plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Missing Authorization in all versions up to and including 1.0.0. The katalogportal_popup_shortcode() function is registered as an AJAX handler via wp_ajax_katalogportal_shortcodePrinter but lacks any capability check (current_user_can()) or nonce verification. This allows any authenticated user, including Subscribers, to call the endpoint and retrieve a list of all synchronized PDF attachments (including those attached to private or draft posts) along with their titles, actual filenames, and the katalogportal_userid configuration value. The WP_Query uses post_status => 'any' which returns attachments regardless of the parent post's visibility status.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-3649"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-04-15T09:16:31Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The Katalogportal PDF Sync plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Missing Authorization in all versions up to and including 1.0.0. The katalogportal_popup_shortcode() function is registered as an AJAX handler via wp_ajax_katalogportal_shortcodePrinter but lacks any capability check (current_user_can()) or nonce verification. This allows any authenticated user, including Subscribers, to call the endpoint and retrieve a list of all synchronized PDF attachments (including those attached to private or draft posts) along with their titles, actual filenames, and the katalogportal_userid configuration value. The WP_Query uses post_status =\u003e \u0027any\u0027 which returns attachments regardless of the parent post\u0027s visibility status.",
  "id": "GHSA-m65x-5prm-5wf2",
  "modified": "2026-04-22T21:31:44Z",
  "published": "2026-04-22T21:31:44Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-3649"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/katalogportal-pdf-sync/tags/1.0.0/inc/class.admin.php#L12"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/katalogportal-pdf-sync/tags/1.0.0/inc/class.admin.php#L209"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/katalogportal-pdf-sync/trunk/inc/class.admin.php#L12"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/katalogportal-pdf-sync/trunk/inc/class.admin.php#L209"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/a01e7b21-f3ff-42a8-b78a-ad69973eda01?source=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-M695-CJGV-3GR5

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-06-17 15:31 – Updated: 2026-04-01 18:35
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in tychesoftwares Arconix FAQ allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels. This issue affects Arconix FAQ: from n/a through 1.9.6.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-49874"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-06-17T15:15:51Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in tychesoftwares Arconix FAQ allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels. This issue affects Arconix FAQ: from n/a through 1.9.6.",
  "id": "GHSA-m695-cjgv-3gr5",
  "modified": "2026-04-01T18:35:29Z",
  "published": "2025-06-17T15:31:12Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-49874"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/arconix-faq/vulnerability/wordpress-arconix-faq-plugin-1-9-6-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-M69W-P7M4-585J

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-14 20:28 – Updated: 2026-05-19 16:00
VLAI
Summary
Open WebUI: Unauthenticated endpoint can trigger embedding generation (cost/DoS)
Details

Summary

GET /api/v1/memories/ef is accessible without authentication and executes request.app.state.EMBEDDING_FUNCTION(...). This allows any unauthenticated caller to trigger embedding generation which can lead to direct cost exposure if a paid provider is used. Code reference: backend/open_webui/routers/memories.py (@router.get("/ef") -> calls request.app.state.EMBEDDING_FUNCTION("hello world")).

Details

GET /api/v1/memories/ef is reachable without authentication and triggers request.app.state.EMBEDDING_FUNCTION("hello world"). This crosses an intended security boundary by allowing unauthenticated users to invoke potentially expensive embedding computation and/or paid upstream embedding APIs.

PoC

  1. Start Open WebUI in default configuration (no special env hardening; default ENABLE_MEMORIES is true).
  2. From an unauthenticated client (no cookies/Authorization header), call: curl -i http://\<host>:\<port>/api/v1/memories/ef
  3. Observe the server performs embedding generation and returns a response like:
  4. HTTP 200 with JSON containing the result.

How it can be abused / attacker actions:

  • Send repeated requests to /api/v1/memories/ef to:
  • consume CPU/GPU resources (DoS)
  • generate sustained outbound usage to embedding providers if configured (cost + rate-limit exhaustion)
  • degrade latency/availability for legitimate users

Impact

If embeddings are configured to use paid/remote providers (OpenAI/Azure/etc), an attacker can generate unlimited requests and incur charges.

Resolution

Fixed in commit e5035ea31, first released in v0.8.0 (Feb 2026). The /api/v1/memories/ef route was removed entirely. It was a diagnostic/debug-style endpoint that hard-coded "hello world" through the embedding function without any authentication dependency; there was no legitimate caller that depended on it, so deletion was the cleaner fix than retrofitting auth. Users on >= 0.8.0 are not affected.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 0.7.2"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "open-webui"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.8.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-45667"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-05-14T20:28:02Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-05-15T22:16:56Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "### Summary\nGET `/api/v1/memories/ef` is accessible without authentication and executes `request.app.state.EMBEDDING_FUNCTION(...)`. This allows any unauthenticated caller to trigger embedding generation which can lead to direct cost exposure if a paid provider is used.\nCode reference: `backend/open_webui/routers/memories.py` (@router.get(\"/ef\") -\u003e calls `request.app.state.EMBEDDING_FUNCTION(\"hello world\"))`.\n\n\n### Details\nGET `/api/v1/memories/ef` is reachable without authentication and triggers request.app.state.EMBEDDING_FUNCTION(\"hello world\"). This crosses an intended security boundary by allowing unauthenticated users to invoke potentially expensive embedding computation and/or paid upstream embedding APIs.\n\n### PoC\n1. Start Open WebUI in default configuration (no special env hardening; default ENABLE_MEMORIES is true).\n2. From an unauthenticated client (no cookies/Authorization header), call:\n      curl -i http://\\\u003chost\\\u003e:\\\u003cport\\\u003e/api/v1/memories/ef\n   3. Observe the server performs embedding generation and returns a response like:\n   - HTTP 200 with JSON containing the result.\n\nHow it can be abused / attacker actions:\n\n- Send repeated requests to `/api/v1/memories/ef` to:\n  - consume CPU/GPU resources (DoS)\n  - generate sustained outbound usage to embedding providers if configured (cost + rate-limit exhaustion)\n  - degrade latency/availability for legitimate users\n \n### Impact\nIf embeddings are configured to use paid/remote providers (OpenAI/Azure/etc), an attacker can generate unlimited requests and incur charges.\n\n## Resolution\n\nFixed in commit [e5035ea31](https://github.com/open-webui/open-webui/commit/e5035ea31e179977e805a7032c979ff59a71860a), first released in **v0.8.0** (Feb 2026). The `/api/v1/memories/ef` route was removed entirely. It was a diagnostic/debug-style endpoint that hard-coded `\"hello world\"` through the embedding function without any authentication dependency; there was no legitimate caller that depended on it, so deletion was the cleaner fix than retrofitting auth. Users on `\u003e= 0.8.0` are not affected.",
  "id": "GHSA-m69w-p7m4-585j",
  "modified": "2026-05-19T16:00:43Z",
  "published": "2026-05-14T20:28:02Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/open-webui/open-webui/security/advisories/GHSA-m69w-p7m4-585j"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-45667"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/open-webui/open-webui/commit/e5035ea31e179977e805a7032c979ff59a71860a"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/open-webui/open-webui"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/open-webui/open-webui/releases/tag/v0.8.0"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Open WebUI: Unauthenticated endpoint can trigger embedding generation (cost/DoS)"
}

GHSA-M6C5-QFQJ-WMRV

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-10-01 15:30 – Updated: 2026-10-01 15:30
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in Unlimited Elements Unlimited Elements For Elementor (Free Widgets, Addons, Templates) unlimited-elements-for-elementor allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Unlimited Elements For Elementor (Free Widgets, Addons, Templates): from n/a through 2.0.20.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-103341"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-10-01T13:17:08Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in Unlimited Elements Unlimited Elements For Elementor (Free Widgets, Addons, Templates) unlimited-elements-for-elementor allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Unlimited Elements For Elementor (Free Widgets, Addons, Templates): from n/a through 2.0.20.",
  "id": "GHSA-m6c5-qfqj-wmrv",
  "modified": "2026-10-01T15:30:40Z",
  "published": "2026-10-01T15:30:40Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-103341"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/unlimited-elements-for-elementor/vulnerability/wordpress-unlimited-elements-for-elementor-free-widgets-addons-templates-plugin-2-0-20-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-M6CM-G8VP-FPWM

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-19 09:32 – Updated: 2026-09-19 09:32
VLAI
Details

The Easy Appointments plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Sensitive Information Exposure in all versions up to, and including, 3.12.27 via the handle_customers_ajax. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with contributor-level access and above, to extract the full customer dataset from the ea_customers table, including personally identifiable information such as names, email addresses, mobile numbers, dates of birth, and physical addresses.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-9232"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-09-19T08:16:55Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The Easy Appointments plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Sensitive Information Exposure in all versions up to, and including, 3.12.27 via the handle_customers_ajax. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with contributor-level access and above, to extract the full customer dataset from the ea_customers table, including personally identifiable information such as names, email addresses, mobile numbers, dates of birth, and physical addresses.",
  "id": "GHSA-m6cm-g8vp-fpwm",
  "modified": "2026-09-19T09:32:12Z",
  "published": "2026-09-19T09:32:12Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-9232"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/easy-appointments/tags/3.12.22/src/ajax.php#L115"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/easy-appointments/tags/3.12.22/src/ajax.php#L183"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/easy-appointments/tags/3.12.22/src/ajax.php#L2656"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/easy-appointments/tags/3.12.25/src/ajax.php#L115"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/easy-appointments/tags/3.12.25/src/ajax.php#L183"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/easy-appointments/tags/3.12.25/src/ajax.php#L2656"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/3595856"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/6b9322d5-afa0-4f38-b5df-2344310f4119?source=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • Divide the product into anonymous, normal, privileged, and administrative areas. Reduce the attack surface by carefully mapping roles with data and functionality. Use role-based access control (RBAC) [REF-229] to enforce the roles at the appropriate boundaries.
  • Note that this approach may not protect against horizontal authorization, i.e., it will not protect a user from attacking others with the same role.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Ensure that access control checks are performed related to the business logic. These checks may be different than the access control checks that are applied to more generic resources such as files, connections, processes, memory, and database records. For example, a database may restrict access for medical records to a specific database user, but each record might only be intended to be accessible to the patient and the patient's doctor [REF-7].

Mitigation MIT-4.4
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

  • Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
  • For example, consider using authorization frameworks such as the JAAS Authorization Framework [REF-233] and the OWASP ESAPI Access Control feature [REF-45].
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • For web applications, make sure that the access control mechanism is enforced correctly at the server side on every page. Users should not be able to access any unauthorized functionality or information by simply requesting direct access to that page.
  • One way to do this is to ensure that all pages containing sensitive information are not cached, and that all such pages restrict access to requests that are accompanied by an active and authenticated session token associated with a user who has the required permissions to access that page.
Mitigation
System Configuration Installation

Use the access control capabilities of your operating system and server environment and define your access control lists accordingly. Use a "default deny" policy when defining these ACLs.

CAPEC-665: Exploitation of Thunderbolt Protection Flaws

An adversary leverages a firmware weakness within the Thunderbolt protocol, on a computing device to manipulate Thunderbolt controller firmware in order to exploit vulnerabilities in the implementation of authorization and verification schemes within Thunderbolt protection mechanisms. Upon gaining physical access to a target device, the adversary conducts high-level firmware manipulation of the victim Thunderbolt controller SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) flash, through the use of a SPI Programing device and an external Thunderbolt device, typically as the target device is booting up. If successful, this allows the adversary to modify memory, subvert authentication mechanisms, spoof identities and content, and extract data and memory from the target device. Currently 7 major vulnerabilities exist within Thunderbolt protocol with 9 attack vectors as noted in the Execution Flow.