CWE-862
Weakness Allowed-with-ReviewMissing Authorization
Abstraction: Class · Status: Incomplete
The product does not perform an authorization check when an actor attempts to access a resource or perform an action.
Dimensions
- Behavior-Property: Missing
- Behavior-Type: Authorization
Mapping guidance
This CWE entry is a Class and might have Base-level children that would be more appropriate
Examine children of this entry to see if there is a better fit
Relationships and members
Modes of introduction
OMISSION: This weakness is caused by missing a security tactic during the architecture and design phase.
Authorization weaknesses may arise when a single-user application is ported to a multi-user environment.
A developer may introduce authorization weaknesses because of a lack of understanding about the underlying technologies. For example, a developer may assume that attackers cannot modify certain inputs such as headers or cookies.
Detection methods
Automated Static Analysis
Automated static analysis is useful for detecting commonly-used idioms for authorization. A tool may be able to analyze related configuration files, such as .htaccess in Apache web servers, or detect the usage of commonly-used authorization libraries.
Generally, automated static analysis tools have difficulty detecting custom authorization schemes. In addition, the software's design may include some functionality that is accessible to any user and does not require an authorization check; an automated technique that detects the absence of authorization may report false positives.
Effectiveness: Limited
Automated Dynamic Analysis
Automated dynamic analysis may find many or all possible interfaces that do not require authorization, but manual analysis is required to determine if the lack of authorization violates business logic.
Manual Analysis
This weakness can be detected using tools and techniques that require manual (human) analysis, such as penetration testing, threat modeling, and interactive tools that allow the tester to record and modify an active session.
Specifically, manual static analysis is useful for evaluating the correctness of custom authorization mechanisms.
Effectiveness: Moderate
These may be more effective than strictly automated techniques. This is especially the case with weaknesses that are related to design and business rules. However, manual efforts might not achieve desired code coverage within limited time constraints.
Manual Static Analysis - Binary or Bytecode
According to SOAR [REF-1479], the following detection techniques may be useful:
Cost effective for partial coverage:
Binary / Bytecode disassembler - then use manual analysis for vulnerabilities & anomalies
Effectiveness: SOAR Partial
Dynamic Analysis with Automated Results Interpretation
According to SOAR [REF-1479], the following detection techniques may be useful:
Cost effective for partial coverage:
Web Application Scanner
Web Services Scanner
Database Scanners
Effectiveness: SOAR Partial
Dynamic Analysis with Manual Results Interpretation
According to SOAR [REF-1479], the following detection techniques may be useful:
Cost effective for partial coverage:
Host Application Interface Scanner
Fuzz Tester
Framework-based Fuzzer
Effectiveness: SOAR Partial
Manual Static Analysis - Source Code
According to SOAR [REF-1479], the following detection techniques may be useful:
Cost effective for partial coverage:
Focused Manual Spotcheck - Focused manual analysis of source
Manual Source Code Review (not inspections)
Effectiveness: SOAR Partial
Automated Static Analysis - Source Code
According to SOAR [REF-1479], the following detection techniques may be useful:
Cost effective for partial coverage:
Source code Weakness Analyzer
Context-configured Source Code Weakness Analyzer
Effectiveness: SOAR Partial
Architecture or Design Review
According to SOAR [REF-1479], the following detection techniques may be useful:
Highly cost effective:
Inspection (IEEE 1028 standard) (can apply to requirements, design, source code, etc.)
Formal Methods / Correct-By-Construction
Effectiveness: High
Notes
Terminology
Assuming a user with a given identity, authorization is the process of determining whether that user can access a given resource, based on the user's privileges and any permissions or other access-control specifications that apply to the resource.
Content history
Suggested mappings to ISA/IEC 62443.
Provided diagram to improve CWE usability
updated Demonstrative_Examples, Related_Attack_Patterns, Relationships
updated Potential_Mitigations, References, Relationships
updated Demonstrative_Examples, Observed_Examples, References, Relationships
updated Potential_Mitigations
updated Relationships
updated Detection_Factors
updated Relationships
updated Applicable_Platforms, Modes_of_Introduction, References, Relationships
updated References
updated Relationships
updated Relationships
updated Relationships
updated Relationships
updated Alternate_Terms, Observed_Examples
updated Observed_Examples, Related_Attack_Patterns, Relationships
updated Relationships
updated Relationships
updated Observed_Examples
updated Description, Potential_Mitigations
updated References, Relationships, Taxonomy_Mappings
updated Mapping_Notes, Relationships, Taxonomy_Mappings
updated Common_Consequences, Description, Diagram, Relationships, Terminology_Notes
updated Applicable_Platforms, Detection_Factors, Observed_Examples, References
updated Applicable_Platforms, Relationships, Weakness_Ordinalities
updated Applicable_Platforms, Observed_Examples, Relationships
updated Applicable_Platforms, Dimensions, References, Relationships, Taxonomy_Mappings
19853 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-7972-43C4-25QH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-11-11 06:30 – Updated: 2025-11-11 06:30The Find Unused Images plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized loss of data due to a missing capability check on the fui_delete_image() and fui_delete_all_images() functiosn in all versions up to, and including, 1.0.7. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to delete all of a site's attachments.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-11996"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-11-11T04:15:45Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The Find Unused Images plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized loss of data due to a missing capability check on the fui_delete_image() and fui_delete_all_images() functiosn in all versions up to, and including, 1.0.7. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to delete all of a site\u0027s attachments.",
"id": "GHSA-7972-43c4-25qh",
"modified": "2025-11-11T06:30:21Z",
"published": "2025-11-11T06:30:21Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-11996"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/find-unused-images/tags/1.0.7/inc/generic-functions.php#L44"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/find-unused-images/tags/1.0.7/inc/generic-functions.php#L53"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://wordpress.org/plugins/find-unused-images"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/3aa1964e-97e9-4166-89d5-788b336790b6?source=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-7985-68HV-2288
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-01-23 15:31 – Updated: 2026-01-23 21:30Missing Authorization vulnerability in kutsy AJAX Hits Counter + Popular Posts Widget ajax-hits-counter allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects AJAX Hits Counter + Popular Posts Widget: from n/a through <= 0.10.210305.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-24587"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-01-23T15:16:16Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in kutsy AJAX Hits Counter + Popular Posts Widget ajax-hits-counter allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects AJAX Hits Counter + Popular Posts Widget: from n/a through \u003c= 0.10.210305.",
"id": "GHSA-7985-68hv-2288",
"modified": "2026-01-23T21:30:43Z",
"published": "2026-01-23T15:31:37Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-24587"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/ajax-hits-counter/vulnerability/wordpress-ajax-hits-counter-popular-posts-widget-plugin-0-10-210305-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-7992-F377-JFJR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-14 21:31 – Updated: 2026-09-14 21:31IBM WebSphere Application Server 9.0, and 8.5 is affected by an authorization bypass vulnerability.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-16190"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-09-14T20:16:40Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "IBM WebSphere Application Server 9.0, and 8.5 is affected by an authorization bypass vulnerability.",
"id": "GHSA-7992-f377-jfjr",
"modified": "2026-09-14T21:31:44Z",
"published": "2026-09-14T21:31:44Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-16190"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7286610"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-7995-P757-MMJ4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-10-15 12:01 – Updated: 2022-10-18 12:00In Gallery service, there is a missing permission check. This could lead to local denial of service in Gallery service with no additional execution privileges needed.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-39103"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-10-14T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In Gallery service, there is a missing permission check. This could lead to local denial of service in Gallery service with no additional execution privileges needed.",
"id": "GHSA-7995-p757-mmj4",
"modified": "2022-10-18T12:00:32Z",
"published": "2022-10-15T12:01:08Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-39103"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.unisoc.com/en_us/secy/announcementDetail/1575654905820020738"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-7999-J568-XV77
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-01-23 15:31 – Updated: 2026-01-27 00:31Missing Authorization vulnerability in uPress Booter booter-bots-crawlers-manager allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Booter: from n/a through <= 1.5.7.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-24534"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-01-23T15:16:09Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in uPress Booter booter-bots-crawlers-manager allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Booter: from n/a through \u003c= 1.5.7.",
"id": "GHSA-7999-j568-xv77",
"modified": "2026-01-27T00:31:13Z",
"published": "2026-01-23T15:31:36Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-24534"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/booter-bots-crawlers-manager/vulnerability/wordpress-booter-plugin-1-5-7-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-79C3-VMJM-4MP8
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-31 18:30 – Updated: 2026-04-01 18:36Missing Authorization vulnerability in Mykola Lukin Orders Chat for WooCommerce allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Orders Chat for WooCommerce: from n/a through 1.2.0.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-49356"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-12-31T16:15:43Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in Mykola Lukin Orders Chat for WooCommerce allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Orders Chat for WooCommerce: from n/a through 1.2.0.",
"id": "GHSA-79c3-vmjm-4mp8",
"modified": "2026-04-01T18:36:28Z",
"published": "2025-12-31T18:30:23Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-49356"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/orders-chat-for-woocommerce/vulnerability/wordpress-orders-chat-for-woocommerce-plugin-1-2-0-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vdp.patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/orders-chat-for-woocommerce/vulnerability/wordpress-orders-chat-for-woocommerce-plugin-1-2-0-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-79CQ-9X28-WQFM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-30 12:30 – Updated: 2026-01-20 15:32Missing Authorization vulnerability in bizswoop BizPrint print-google-cloud-print-gcp-woocommerce allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects BizPrint: from n/a through <= 4.6.7.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-69024"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-12-30T11:16:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in bizswoop BizPrint print-google-cloud-print-gcp-woocommerce allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects BizPrint: from n/a through \u003c= 4.6.7.",
"id": "GHSA-79cq-9x28-wqfm",
"modified": "2026-01-20T15:32:46Z",
"published": "2025-12-30T12:30:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-69024"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/print-google-cloud-print-gcp-woocommerce/vulnerability/wordpress-bizprint-plugin-4-6-7-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vdp.patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/print-google-cloud-print-gcp-woocommerce/vulnerability/wordpress-bizprint-plugin-4-6-7-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-79FQ-FW2P-VQ3J
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-11 18:31 – Updated: 2026-05-11 18:31Bitwarden Server prior to v2026.4.0 contains a missing authorization vulnerability that allows a provider service user to add an arbitrary organization to their provider via POST /providers/{providerId}/clients/existing, resulting in takeover of the target organization; self-hosted installations are unaffected as this endpoint is restricted to Cloud via SelfHosted(NotSelfHostedOnly = true).
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-43639"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-05-11T18:16:36Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Bitwarden Server prior to v2026.4.0 contains a missing authorization vulnerability that allows a provider service user to add an arbitrary organization to their provider via `POST /providers/{providerId}/clients/existing`, resulting in takeover of the target organization; self-hosted installations are unaffected as this endpoint is restricted to Cloud via SelfHosted(NotSelfHostedOnly = true).",
"id": "GHSA-79fq-fw2p-vq3j",
"modified": "2026-05-11T18:31:46Z",
"published": "2026-05-11T18:31:46Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-43639"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/bitwarden/server/pull/7372"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/bitwarden/server/commit/0918bfdda6f5eec391c69bd9074f6aef4eac0b1d"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/bitwarden/server/releases/tag/v2026.4.0"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://sanjokkarki.com.np/blog/bitwarden-provider-takeover"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/bitwarden-server-missing-authorization-via-provider-clients"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:H/AT:N/PR:H/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-79GF-7FRW-68M9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-26 14:21 – Updated: 2026-08-26 14:21Summary
In Kyverno v1.18.1, a tenant who can create a NamespacedMutatingPolicy in their own namespace can instruct the admission controller to generate resources in any namespace by passing an arbitrary namespace string to the CEL generator.apply(namespace, resources) function.
Details
pkg/cel/libs/context.go:177 declares GenerateResources(namespace string, dataList []map[string]any). The namespace argument arrives unvalidated from the CEL expression generator.apply("<target-namespace>", [...]).
Version-Specific Impact
v1.18.0, v1.18.1 (affected via NamespacedMutatingPolicy only):
The nmpol CEL compiler unintentionally exposes the generator library to match condition expressions. A namespaced mutating policy can invoke generator.apply() in a boolean CEL expression such as matchConditions, triggering the admission controller to generate resources in any namespace at request time. This side effect executes with the admission controller's cluster-wide privileges.
NamespacedGeneratingPolicy is not a vector in v1.18.1 due to incomplete webhook and background processing wiring (not registered or functional).
Root Cause
The admission validator for NamespacedMutatingPolicy (pkg/cel/policies/mpol/validate.go) only checks that the policy compiles and does not enforce namespace scope on generator.apply() arguments.
Compare correctly-guarded equivalents: pkg/engine/context/loaders/configmap.go:102 rejects cross-namespace ConfigMap references for namespaced policies, and pkg/engine/apicall/apicall.go:73-82 enforces namespace segment matching. GenerateResources has neither guard.
Proof of Concept
Prerequisites: namespace tenant-ns exists; attacker has create on namespacedmutatingpolicies.policies.kyverno.io in tenant-ns.
apiVersion: policies.kyverno.io/v1beta1
kind: NamespacedMutatingPolicy
metadata:
name: cross-ns-escalate
namespace: tenant-ns
spec:
matchConstraints:
resourceRules:
- apiGroups: [""]
apiVersions: ["v1"]
resources: ["configmaps"]
operations: ["CREATE"]
mutations:
- patchType: applyConfiguration
applyConfiguration:
expression: object
matchConditions:
- name: trigger-escalation
expression: |
generator.apply("kube-system", [
{
"apiVersion": dyn("v1"),
"kind": dyn("ConfigMap"),
"metadata": dyn({
"name": "kube-system-config",
"namespace": "kube-system"
}),
"data": dyn({
"injected-by": "tenant-policy",
"impact": "unauthorized access to kube-system namespace"
})
}
])
Apply the policy, then create any ConfigMap in tenant-ns to trigger the admission webhook. The admission controller creates configmap/kube-system-config in kube-system. By default, the admission controller has create on ConfigMaps in all namespaces.
Impact
A namespace-scoped user with create on NamespacedMutatingPolicy in >=v1.18.1 can create ConfigMaps, NetworkPolicies, Secrets, and other resources in any namespace using the admission controller's cluster-wide RBAC. This allows:
Injecting sensitive configuration into protected namespaces (e.g., kube-system, default)
Disrupting cluster networking via NetworkPolicies
Privilege escalation via RoleBinding creation (for roles the admission controller holds or lesser-privileged roles)
Privilege escalation via RoleBinding creation in other namespaces
Any installation that grants non-admin users access to NamespacedMutatingPolicy creation is affected.
Timeline
- 2026-05-20: Vulnerability reproduced on main
- 2026-07-13: CVE-2026-54523 / GHSA-79gf-7frw-68m9 published
- 2026-07-22: Advisory clarified to document actual v1.18.1 attack vector (NamespacedMutatingPolicy in matchConditions, not NamespacedGeneratingPolicy)
Advisory Update
This advisory was updated to clarify the v1.18.1 attack surface. The nmpol vector in matchConditions was the reachable attack path in v1.18.1, while ngpol lacked end-to-end plumbing. The CVE, patched version, and CVSS score remain unchanged. Original report by @0xVijay.
{
"affected": [
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 1.18.1"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/kyverno/kyverno"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "1.18.0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.18.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-54523"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-08-26T14:21:54Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "## Summary\n\nIn Kyverno v1.18.1, a tenant who can create a `NamespacedMutatingPolicy` in their own namespace can instruct the admission controller to generate resources in any namespace by passing an arbitrary namespace string to the CEL `generator.apply(namespace, resources)` function.\n\n## Details\n\n`pkg/cel/libs/context.go:177` declares `GenerateResources(namespace string, dataList []map[string]any)`. The `namespace` argument arrives unvalidated from the CEL expression `generator.apply(\"\u003ctarget-namespace\u003e\", [...])`.\n\n### Version-Specific Impact\n\n**v1.18.0, v1.18.1 (affected via NamespacedMutatingPolicy only):**\n\nThe nmpol CEL compiler unintentionally exposes the `generator` library to match condition expressions. A namespaced mutating policy can invoke `generator.apply()` in a boolean CEL expression such as `matchConditions`, triggering the admission controller to generate resources in any namespace at request time. This side effect executes with the admission controller\u0027s cluster-wide privileges.\n\nNamespacedGeneratingPolicy is **not** a vector in v1.18.1 due to incomplete webhook and background processing wiring (not registered or functional).\n\n### Root Cause\n\nThe admission validator for `NamespacedMutatingPolicy` (`pkg/cel/policies/mpol/validate.go`) only checks that the policy compiles and does not enforce namespace scope on `generator.apply()` arguments.\n\nCompare correctly-guarded equivalents: `pkg/engine/context/loaders/configmap.go:102` rejects cross-namespace ConfigMap references for namespaced policies, and `pkg/engine/apicall/apicall.go:73-82` enforces namespace segment matching. `GenerateResources` has neither guard.\n\n## Proof of Concept\n\nPrerequisites: namespace `tenant-ns` exists; attacker has `create` on `namespacedmutatingpolicies.policies.kyverno.io` in `tenant-ns`.\n\n```yaml\napiVersion: policies.kyverno.io/v1beta1\nkind: NamespacedMutatingPolicy\nmetadata:\n name: cross-ns-escalate\n namespace: tenant-ns\nspec:\n matchConstraints:\n resourceRules:\n - apiGroups: [\"\"]\n apiVersions: [\"v1\"]\n resources: [\"configmaps\"]\n operations: [\"CREATE\"]\n mutations:\n - patchType: applyConfiguration\n applyConfiguration:\n expression: object\n matchConditions:\n - name: trigger-escalation\n expression: |\n generator.apply(\"kube-system\", [\n {\n \"apiVersion\": dyn(\"v1\"),\n \"kind\": dyn(\"ConfigMap\"),\n \"metadata\": dyn({\n \"name\": \"kube-system-config\",\n \"namespace\": \"kube-system\"\n }),\n \"data\": dyn({\n \"injected-by\": \"tenant-policy\",\n \"impact\": \"unauthorized access to kube-system namespace\"\n })\n }\n ])\n```\n\nApply the policy, then create any ConfigMap in `tenant-ns` to trigger the admission webhook. The admission controller creates `configmap/kube-system-config` in `kube-system`. By default, the admission controller has `create` on ConfigMaps in all namespaces.\n\n## Impact\n\nA namespace-scoped user with `create` on `NamespacedMutatingPolicy` in \u003e=v1.18.1 can create ConfigMaps, NetworkPolicies, Secrets, and other resources in any namespace using the admission controller\u0027s cluster-wide RBAC. This allows:\n\nInjecting sensitive configuration into protected namespaces (e.g., `kube-system`, `default`)\nDisrupting cluster networking via NetworkPolicies\nPrivilege escalation via RoleBinding creation (for roles the admission controller holds or lesser-privileged roles)\nPrivilege escalation via RoleBinding creation in other namespaces\nAny installation that grants non-admin users access to `NamespacedMutatingPolicy` creation is affected.\n\n## Timeline\n\n* 2026-05-20: Vulnerability reproduced on main\n* 2026-07-13: CVE-2026-54523 / GHSA-79gf-7frw-68m9 published\n* 2026-07-22: Advisory clarified to document actual v1.18.1 attack vector (NamespacedMutatingPolicy in matchConditions, not NamespacedGeneratingPolicy)\n\n## Advisory Update\n\nThis advisory was updated to clarify the v1.18.1 attack surface. The nmpol vector in matchConditions was the reachable attack path in v1.18.1, while ngpol lacked end-to-end plumbing. The CVE, patched version, and CVSS score remain unchanged. Original report by @0xVijay.",
"id": "GHSA-79gf-7frw-68m9",
"modified": "2026-08-26T14:21:54Z",
"published": "2026-08-26T14:21:54Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/kyverno/kyverno/security/advisories/GHSA-79gf-7frw-68m9"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/kyverno/kyverno/pull/16238"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/kyverno/kyverno/commit/0919553c0ea1904f8d891280c92018da97946a06"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/kyverno/kyverno/commit/5164bcdeda5b57678bc2d7a03ecc2cbb02982dae"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/kyverno/sdk/commit/6573937441443e1ba5af9fbb28d5c0f20297f9df"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/kyverno/kyverno"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/kyverno/kyverno/releases/tag/v1.18.2"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Kyverno\u0027s NamespacedGeneratingPolicy generator.apply() namespace argument unvalidated -- background controller creates RoleBindings in any namespace including kube-system"
}
GHSA-79H6-MWW5-HCF3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-08 03:31 – Updated: 2026-09-08 03:31Due to a missing authorization check in Application Server ABAP of SAP NetWeaver and ABAP Platform, an authenticated attacker could gain unauthorized access to sensitive system configuration information. Successful exploitation could result in exposure of security relevant settings and internal system details, resulting in low impact on confidentiality while integrity and availability remain unaffected.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-76963"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-09-08T01:17:55Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Due to a missing authorization check in Application Server ABAP of SAP NetWeaver and ABAP Platform, an authenticated attacker could gain unauthorized access to sensitive system configuration information. Successful exploitation could result in exposure of security relevant settings and internal system details, resulting in low impact on confidentiality while integrity and availability remain unaffected.",
"id": "GHSA-79h6-mww5-hcf3",
"modified": "2026-09-08T03:31:13Z",
"published": "2026-09-08T03:31:13Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-76963"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://me.sap.com/notes/3772838"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://url.sap/sapsecuritypatchday"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
- Divide the product into anonymous, normal, privileged, and administrative areas. Reduce the attack surface by carefully mapping roles with data and functionality. Use role-based access control (RBAC) [REF-229] to enforce the roles at the appropriate boundaries.
- Note that this approach may not protect against horizontal authorization, i.e., it will not protect a user from attacking others with the same role.
Mitigation
Ensure that access control checks are performed related to the business logic. These checks may be different than the access control checks that are applied to more generic resources such as files, connections, processes, memory, and database records. For example, a database may restrict access for medical records to a specific database user, but each record might only be intended to be accessible to the patient and the patient's doctor [REF-7].
Mitigation MIT-4.4
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, consider using authorization frameworks such as the JAAS Authorization Framework [REF-233] and the OWASP ESAPI Access Control feature [REF-45].
Mitigation
- For web applications, make sure that the access control mechanism is enforced correctly at the server side on every page. Users should not be able to access any unauthorized functionality or information by simply requesting direct access to that page.
- One way to do this is to ensure that all pages containing sensitive information are not cached, and that all such pages restrict access to requests that are accompanied by an active and authenticated session token associated with a user who has the required permissions to access that page.
Mitigation
Use the access control capabilities of your operating system and server environment and define your access control lists accordingly. Use a "default deny" policy when defining these ACLs.
CAPEC-665: Exploitation of Thunderbolt Protection Flaws
An adversary leverages a firmware weakness within the Thunderbolt protocol, on a computing device to manipulate Thunderbolt controller firmware in order to exploit vulnerabilities in the implementation of authorization and verification schemes within Thunderbolt protection mechanisms. Upon gaining physical access to a target device, the adversary conducts high-level firmware manipulation of the victim Thunderbolt controller SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) flash, through the use of a SPI Programing device and an external Thunderbolt device, typically as the target device is booting up. If successful, this allows the adversary to modify memory, subvert authentication mechanisms, spoof identities and content, and extract data and memory from the target device. Currently 7 major vulnerabilities exist within Thunderbolt protocol with 9 attack vectors as noted in the Execution Flow.