CWE-862
Allowed-with-ReviewMissing Authorization
Abstraction: Class · Status: Incomplete
The product does not perform an authorization check when an actor attempts to access a resource or perform an action.
14929 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-HF2J-FF52-P8CX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-06-10 09:31 – Updated: 2026-04-01 18:31Missing Authorization vulnerability in Andrew Rapps Dashboard To-Do List.This issue affects Dashboard To-Do List: from n/a through 1.2.0.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-35723"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-06-10T08:15:49Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in Andrew Rapps Dashboard To-Do List.This issue affects Dashboard To-Do List: from n/a through 1.2.0.",
"id": "GHSA-hf2j-ff52-p8cx",
"modified": "2026-04-01T18:31:49Z",
"published": "2024-06-10T09:31:05Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-35723"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/dashboard-to-do-list/vulnerability/wordpress-dashboard-to-do-list-plugin-1-2-0-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/dashboard-to-do-list/wordpress-dashboard-to-do-list-plugin-1-2-0-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-HF35-JQFJ-M86H
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-18 09:30 – Updated: 2026-01-20 15:32Missing Authorization vulnerability in The African Boss Get Cash get-cash allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Get Cash: from n/a through <= 3.2.3.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-49041"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-12-18T08:15:49Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in The African Boss Get Cash get-cash allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Get Cash: from n/a through \u003c= 3.2.3.",
"id": "GHSA-hf35-jqfj-m86h",
"modified": "2026-01-20T15:32:18Z",
"published": "2025-12-18T09:30:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-49041"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/get-cash/vulnerability/wordpress-get-cash-plugin-3-2-3-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vdp.patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/get-cash/vulnerability/wordpress-get-cash-plugin-3-2-3-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-HF68-G98V-WP9G
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-23 23:06 – Updated: 2026-06-23 23:06Impact
The store() method in both the web and API UsersController only strips the superuser permission when a non-superuser creates a user. It does not strip the admin permission. This allows any authenticated user with the users.create permission to create a new user with full admin privileges.
The users.create permission may commonly be delegated to HR staff, department leads, or similar roles.
Patches
Patched in aea3877718
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "snipe/snipe-it"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "8.6.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-55483"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-06-23T23:06:18Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "### Impact\nThe `store()` method in both the web and API `UsersController` only strips the superuser permission when a non-superuser creates a user. It does not strip the admin permission. This allows any authenticated user with the `users.create` permission to create a new user with full admin privileges.\n\nThe `users.create permission` may commonly be delegated to HR staff, department leads, or similar roles.\n\n### Patches\nPatched in [aea3877718](https://github.com/grokability/snipe-it/commit/aea3877718158cc2a10c2dde4597b1f439f5f6cb)",
"id": "GHSA-hf68-g98v-wp9g",
"modified": "2026-06-23T23:06:18Z",
"published": "2026-06-23T23:06:18Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/grokability/snipe-it/security/advisories/GHSA-hf68-g98v-wp9g"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/grokability/snipe-it/commit/aea3877718158cc2a10c2dde4597b1f439f5f6cb"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/grokability/snipe-it"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Snipe-IT Vulnerable to Privilege Escalation via Missing admin Permission Check in User Creation"
}
GHSA-HF7J-XJ3W-87G4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-08-10 20:09 – Updated: 2023-08-10 20:09Summary
An arbitrary file write vulnerability could lead to direct control of the server
Details
Arbitrary file creation
In the api/v1/file.go file, there is a function called SaveContentthat,It recieves JSON data sent by users in the form of a POST request. And the lack of parameter filtering allows for arbitrary file write operations.It looks like this:
- Vulnerable Code
PoC
- We can write the SSH public key into the /etc/.root/authorized_keys configuration file on the server.
-
The server was successfully written to the public key
-
Successfully connected to the target server using an SSH private key.
As a result, the server is directly controlled, causing serious harm
Impact
1Panel v1.4.3
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/1Panel-dev/1Panel"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "1.4.3"
},
{
"fixed": "1.5.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
],
"versions": [
"1.4.3"
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-39966"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2023-08-10T20:09:47Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2023-08-10T18:15:11Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "# Summary\nAn arbitrary file write vulnerability could lead to direct control of the server\n# Details\n## Arbitrary file creation\nIn the api/v1/file.go file, there is a function called SaveContentthat,It recieves JSON data sent by users in the form of a POST request. And the lack of parameter filtering allows for arbitrary file write operations.It looks like this:\n\n- Vulnerable Code\n\n\n\n# PoC\n\n- We can write the SSH public key into the /etc/.root/authorized_keys configuration file on the server.\n\n\n\n- The server was successfully written to the public key\n\n\n- Successfully connected to the target server using an SSH private key.\n\n\n\nAs a result, the server is directly controlled, causing serious **harm**\n\n\n# Impact\n1Panel v1.4.3\n",
"id": "GHSA-hf7j-xj3w-87g4",
"modified": "2023-08-10T20:09:47Z",
"published": "2023-08-10T20:09:47Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/1Panel-dev/1Panel/security/advisories/GHSA-hf7j-xj3w-87g4"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-39966"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/1Panel-dev/1Panel"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/1Panel-dev/1Panel/releases/tag/v1.5.0"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "1Panel arbitrary file write vulnerability"
}
GHSA-HF8C-G6JR-8MF5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-07-12 09:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 06:02In messaging service, there is a missing permission check. This could lead to local information disclosure with no additional execution privileges needed.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-30924"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-07-12T09:15:11Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In messaging service, there is a missing permission check. This could lead to local information disclosure with no additional execution privileges needed.",
"id": "GHSA-hf8c-g6jr-8mf5",
"modified": "2024-04-04T06:02:37Z",
"published": "2023-07-12T09:30:54Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-30924"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.unisoc.com/en_us/secy/announcementDetail/1676902764208259073"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-HFC8-W5F4-3X6M
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-29 18:23 – Updated: 2026-05-29 18:23Impact
The Ironic Standalone Operator (IRSO) is the operator to maintain an Ironic deployment for Metal3. IRSO controller automatically adds its environment label to user-provided Secrets and ConfigMaps without the resource owner's consent. A high-privilege controller modifying user-owned resources constitutes an unauthorized integrity violation. Deployments running IrSO v0.7.0 through v0.8.1 that reference user-provided Secrets or ConfigMaps (TLS certificates, BMC CA, trusted CA) are affected.
Patches
Fixed in v0.9.0, v0.8.2, v0.7.3.
Workarounds
Manually add the environment label (ironic-standalone-operator.metal3.io/environment) to all user-provided Secrets and ConfigMaps before they are referenced in the Ironic resource. This prevents the controller from modifying them.
Resources
- https://github.com/metal3-io/ironic-standalone-operator/pull/619
- https://github.com/metal3-io/ironic-standalone-operator/pull/664
- https://github.com/metal3-io/ironic-standalone-operator/pull/665
{
"affected": [
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 0.7.2"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/metal3-io/ironic-standalone-operator"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "0.7.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 0.8.1"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/metal3-io/ironic-standalone-operator"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0.8.0"
},
{
"fixed": "0.8.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-05-29T18:23:34Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "## Impact\n\nThe Ironic Standalone Operator (IRSO) is the operator to maintain an Ironic deployment for Metal3. IRSO controller automatically adds its environment label to user-provided Secrets and ConfigMaps without the resource owner\u0027s consent. A high-privilege controller modifying user-owned resources constitutes an unauthorized integrity violation. Deployments running IrSO v0.7.0 through v0.8.1 that reference user-provided Secrets or ConfigMaps (TLS certificates, BMC CA, trusted CA) are affected.\n\n## Patches\n\nFixed in v0.9.0, v0.8.2, v0.7.3. \n\n## Workarounds\n\nManually add the environment label (ironic-standalone-operator.metal3.io/environment) to all user-provided Secrets and ConfigMaps before they are referenced in the Ironic resource. This prevents the controller from modifying them.\n\n## Resources\n\n- https://github.com/metal3-io/ironic-standalone-operator/pull/619\n- https://github.com/metal3-io/ironic-standalone-operator/pull/664\n- https://github.com/metal3-io/ironic-standalone-operator/pull/665",
"id": "GHSA-hfc8-w5f4-3x6m",
"modified": "2026-05-29T18:23:34Z",
"published": "2026-05-29T18:23:34Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/metal3-io/ironic-standalone-operator/security/advisories/GHSA-hfc8-w5f4-3x6m"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/metal3-io/ironic-standalone-operator/pull/619"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/metal3-io/ironic-standalone-operator/pull/664"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/metal3-io/ironic-standalone-operator/pull/665"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/metal3-io/ironic-standalone-operator"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Ironic Standalone Operator\u0027s controller modifies user-owned resources without consent"
}
GHSA-HFFC-GCJH-MJ4F
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-09-05 12:31 – Updated: 2026-04-08 18:33The Geo Controller plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized menu creation/deletion due to missing capability checks on the ajax__geolocate_menu and ajax__geolocate_remove_menu functions in all versions up to, and including, 8.6.9. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Subscriber-level access and above, to create or delete WordPress menus.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-7380"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-09-05T11:15:12Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The Geo Controller plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized menu creation/deletion due to missing capability checks on the ajax__geolocate_menu and ajax__geolocate_remove_menu functions in all versions up to, and including, 8.6.9. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Subscriber-level access and above, to create or delete WordPress menus.",
"id": "GHSA-hffc-gcjh-mj4f",
"modified": "2026-04-08T18:33:36Z",
"published": "2024-09-05T12:31:16Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-7380"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/cf-geoplugin/tags/8.6.9/inc/classes/Menus.php#L519"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/cf-geoplugin/tags/8.6.9/inc/classes/Menus.php#L606"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail=\u0026reponame=\u0026old=3156125%40cf-geoplugin\u0026new=3156125%40cf-geoplugin\u0026sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail=#file503"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/280e1b4d-08be-4e77-abcb-5f9079111595?source=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-HFG4-62F6-FJFF
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:14 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:14SAP ERP Financial Accounting (RFOPENPOSTING_FR) versions - SAP_APPL - 600, 602, 603, 604, 605, 606, 616, SAP_FIN - 617, 618, 700, 720, 730, SAPSCORE - 125, S4CORE, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, allows a registered attacker to invoke certain functions that would otherwise be restricted to specific users. These functions are normally exposed over the network and once exploited the attacker may be able to view and modify financial accounting data that only a specific user should have access to.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-38164"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-09-14T12:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "SAP ERP Financial Accounting (RFOPENPOSTING_FR) versions - SAP_APPL - 600, 602, 603, 604, 605, 606, 616, SAP_FIN - 617, 618, 700, 720, 730, SAPSCORE - 125, S4CORE, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, allows a registered attacker to invoke certain functions that would otherwise be restricted to specific users. These functions are normally exposed over the network and once exploited the attacker may be able to view and modify financial accounting data that only a specific user should have access to.",
"id": "GHSA-hfg4-62f6-fjff",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:14:27Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:14:27Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-38164"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://launchpad.support.sap.com/#/notes/3068582"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://wiki.scn.sap.com/wiki/pages/viewpage.action?pageId=585106405"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-HFGF-G5X7-VVFR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-01-30 15:31 – Updated: 2026-04-08 21:33The MWB HubSpot for WooCommerce – CRM, Abandoned Cart, Email Marketing, Marketing Automation & Analytics plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized modification of data that can lead to privilege escalation due to a missing capability check on the hubwoo_save_updates() function in all versions up to, and including, 1.5.9. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Contributor-level access and above, to update arbitrary options on the WordPress site. This can be leveraged to update the default role for registration to administrator and enable user registration for attackers to gain administrative user access to a vulnerable site.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-10591"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-01-30T14:15:30Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The MWB HubSpot for WooCommerce \u2013 CRM, Abandoned Cart, Email Marketing, Marketing Automation \u0026 Analytics plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized modification of data that can lead to privilege escalation due to a missing capability check on the hubwoo_save_updates() function in all versions up to, and including, 1.5.9. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Contributor-level access and above, to update arbitrary options on the WordPress site. This can be leveraged to update the default role for registration to administrator and enable user registration for attackers to gain administrative user access to a vulnerable site.",
"id": "GHSA-hfgf-g5x7-vvfr",
"modified": "2026-04-08T21:33:01Z",
"published": "2025-01-30T15:31:37Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-10591"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/makewebbetter-hubspot-for-woocommerce/trunk/includes/class-hubwoo-ajax-handler.php#L845"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/3231984"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/bd38b5f2-f13e-4433-9a8a-2f42cc1782c6?source=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-HFH8-5FJ3-QQRH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-12-09 15:31 – Updated: 2026-04-28 21:35Missing Authorization vulnerability in Nate Reist Protected Posts Logout Button allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Protected Posts Logout Button: from n/a through 1.4.5.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-25454"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-12-09T13:15:23Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in Nate Reist Protected Posts Logout Button allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects Protected Posts Logout Button: from n/a through 1.4.5.",
"id": "GHSA-hfh8-5fj3-qqrh",
"modified": "2026-04-28T21:35:16Z",
"published": "2024-12-09T15:31:34Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-25454"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/protected-posts-logout-button/vulnerability/wordpress-protected-posts-logout-button-plugin-1-4-5-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
- Divide the product into anonymous, normal, privileged, and administrative areas. Reduce the attack surface by carefully mapping roles with data and functionality. Use role-based access control (RBAC) [REF-229] to enforce the roles at the appropriate boundaries.
- Note that this approach may not protect against horizontal authorization, i.e., it will not protect a user from attacking others with the same role.
Mitigation
Ensure that access control checks are performed related to the business logic. These checks may be different than the access control checks that are applied to more generic resources such as files, connections, processes, memory, and database records. For example, a database may restrict access for medical records to a specific database user, but each record might only be intended to be accessible to the patient and the patient's doctor [REF-7].
Mitigation MIT-4.4
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, consider using authorization frameworks such as the JAAS Authorization Framework [REF-233] and the OWASP ESAPI Access Control feature [REF-45].
Mitigation
- For web applications, make sure that the access control mechanism is enforced correctly at the server side on every page. Users should not be able to access any unauthorized functionality or information by simply requesting direct access to that page.
- One way to do this is to ensure that all pages containing sensitive information are not cached, and that all such pages restrict access to requests that are accompanied by an active and authenticated session token associated with a user who has the required permissions to access that page.
Mitigation
Use the access control capabilities of your operating system and server environment and define your access control lists accordingly. Use a "default deny" policy when defining these ACLs.
CAPEC-665: Exploitation of Thunderbolt Protection Flaws
An adversary leverages a firmware weakness within the Thunderbolt protocol, on a computing device to manipulate Thunderbolt controller firmware in order to exploit vulnerabilities in the implementation of authorization and verification schemes within Thunderbolt protection mechanisms. Upon gaining physical access to a target device, the adversary conducts high-level firmware manipulation of the victim Thunderbolt controller SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) flash, through the use of a SPI Programing device and an external Thunderbolt device, typically as the target device is booting up. If successful, this allows the adversary to modify memory, subvert authentication mechanisms, spoof identities and content, and extract data and memory from the target device. Currently 7 major vulnerabilities exist within Thunderbolt protocol with 9 attack vectors as noted in the Execution Flow.