Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-862

Allowed-with-Review

Missing Authorization

Abstraction: Class · Status: Incomplete

The product does not perform an authorization check when an actor attempts to access a resource or perform an action.

14946 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-H5WC-WH24-WMJ3

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-10-27 03:30 – Updated: 2026-01-20 15:31
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in WP Lab WP-Lister Lite for eBay wp-lister-for-ebay allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects WP-Lister Lite for eBay: from n/a through <= 3.8.3.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-62881"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-10-27T02:15:46Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in WP Lab WP-Lister Lite for eBay wp-lister-for-ebay allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects WP-Lister Lite for eBay: from n/a through \u003c= 3.8.3.",
  "id": "GHSA-h5wc-wh24-wmj3",
  "modified": "2026-01-20T15:31:34Z",
  "published": "2025-10-27T03:30:37Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-62881"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/wp-lister-for-ebay/vulnerability/wordpress-wp-lister-lite-for-ebay-plugin-3-8-3-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vdp.patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/wp-lister-for-ebay/vulnerability/wordpress-wp-lister-lite-for-ebay-plugin-3-8-3-broken-access-control-vulnerability"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vdp.patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/wp-lister-for-ebay/vulnerability/wordpress-wp-lister-lite-for-ebay-plugin-3-8-3-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-H5WJ-MJQ4-7P64

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-28 09:31 – Updated: 2026-07-28 09:31
VLAI
Details

A low privileged remote attacker can gain administrator privileges due to missing authorization at the insert path of the configuration table resulting in gaining full system access.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-14168"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-07-28T09:16:41Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A low privileged remote attacker can gain administrator privileges due to missing authorization at the insert path of the configuration table resulting in gaining full system access.",
  "id": "GHSA-h5wj-mjq4-7p64",
  "modified": "2026-07-28T09:31:29Z",
  "published": "2026-07-28T09:31:29Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-14168"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.certvde.com/en/advisories/VDE-2026-076"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-H5X9-8R4G-VVQC

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-06-07 03:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 04:38
VLAI
Details

The Unauthenticated Account Creation plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Unauthenticated Account Creation in versions up to, and including, 1.6.6. This is due to the stm_listing_register AJAX action function being accessible and taking roles unprotected. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to create accounts, even those with administrator privileges.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-4343"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-06-07T02:15:13Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "The Unauthenticated Account Creation plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Unauthenticated Account Creation in versions up to, and including, 1.6.6. This is due to the stm_listing_register AJAX action function being accessible and taking roles unprotected. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to create accounts, even those with administrator privileges.",
  "id": "GHSA-h5x9-8r4g-vvqc",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T04:38:01Z",
  "published": "2023-06-07T03:30:22Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-4343"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://blog.nintechnet.com/wordpress-ulisting-plugin-fixed-multiple-critical-vulnerabilities"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail=\u0026reponame=\u0026old=2456786%40ulisting\u0026new=2456786%40ulisting\u0026sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail="
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/1c6bf45b-b02d-43bb-b682-7f1ae994e1d3?source=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-H5XF-RV7F-WV3M

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-09 00:31 – Updated: 2026-07-09 18:31
VLAI
Details

In CAXperts UPVWebServices 2.4.2212.603 through 2.7.6 and UDiTH Portal 2026.0.0 through 2026.2.0, an authenticated remote user can invoke an administrative API endpoint intended for privileged users. Due to missing authorization checks, this allows the attacker to deactivate the application's license.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-35552"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-07-08T22:17:13Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "In CAXperts UPVWebServices 2.4.2212.603 through 2.7.6 and UDiTH Portal 2026.0.0 through 2026.2.0, an authenticated remote user can invoke an administrative API endpoint intended for privileged users. Due to missing authorization checks, this allows the attacker to deactivate the application\u0027s license.",
  "id": "GHSA-h5xf-rv7f-wv3m",
  "modified": "2026-07-09T18:31:40Z",
  "published": "2026-07-09T00:31:14Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-35552"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://caxperts.com"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/caxperts/security-advisories/blob/main/2026/CAXSEC-2026-001_portal.md"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-H5XJ-JCH9-J68Q

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-01 15:31 – Updated: 2024-11-01 15:31
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in ConveyThis Translate Team Language Translate Widget for WordPress – ConveyThis allows Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs.This issue affects Language Translate Widget for WordPress – ConveyThis: from n/a through 234.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-38792"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-11-01T15:15:35Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in ConveyThis Translate Team Language Translate Widget for WordPress \u2013 ConveyThis allows Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs.This issue affects Language Translate Widget for WordPress \u2013 ConveyThis: from n/a through 234.",
  "id": "GHSA-h5xj-jch9-j68q",
  "modified": "2024-11-01T15:31:58Z",
  "published": "2024-11-01T15:31:58Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-38792"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/conveythis-translate/wordpress-conveythis-translate-plugin-234-non-arbitrary-options-update-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-H62C-3G8W-9VJR

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-06-20 21:32 – Updated: 2025-06-20 21:32
VLAI
Details

An issue has been discovered in GitLab EE affecting all versions starting from 16.0 before 16.3.6, all versions starting from 16.4 before 16.4.2, all versions starting from 16.5 before 16.5.1. Arbitrary access to the titles of an private specific references could be leaked through the service-desk custom email template.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-5600"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-06-20T20:15:26Z",
    "severity": "LOW"
  },
  "details": "An issue has been discovered in GitLab EE affecting all versions starting from 16.0 before 16.3.6, all versions starting from 16.4 before 16.4.2, all versions starting from 16.5 before 16.5.1. Arbitrary access to the titles of an private specific references could be leaked through the service-desk custom email template.",
  "id": "GHSA-h62c-3g8w-9vjr",
  "modified": "2025-06-20T21:32:07Z",
  "published": "2025-06-20T21:32:07Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-5600"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://hackerone.com/reports/2209702"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/issues/428268"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-H63H-5C77-77P5

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-07-31 15:24 – Updated: 2024-09-06 21:41
VLAI
Summary
XWiki Platform vulnerable to remote code execution from account via SearchSuggestConfigSheet
Details

Impact

Any user with edit right on any page can perform arbitrary remote code execution by adding instances of XWiki.SearchSuggestConfig and XWiki.SearchSuggestSourceClass to their user profile or any other page. This compromises the confidentiality, integrity and availability of the whole XWiki installation.

To reproduce on an instance, as a user without script nor programming rights, add an object of type XWiki.SearchSuggestConfig to your profile page, and an object of type XWiki.SearchSuggestSourceClass as well. On this last object, set both name and icon properties to $services.logging.getLogger("attacker").error("I got programming: $services.security.authorization.hasAccess('programming')") and limit and engine to {{/html}}{{async}}{{velocity}}$services.logging.getLogger("attacker").error("I got programming: $services.security.authorization.hasAccess('programming')"){{/velocity}}{{/async}}. Save and display the page. If the logs contain any message ERROR attacker - I got programming: true then the instance is vulnerable.

Patches

This vulnerability has been patched in XWiki 14.10.21, 15.5.5 and 15.10.2.

Workarounds

We're not aware of any workaround except upgrading.

References

  • https://jira.xwiki.org/browse/XWIKI-21473
  • https://github.com/xwiki/xwiki-platform/commit/742cd4591642be4cdcaf68325f17540e0934e64e
Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-search-ui"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "9.2-rc-1"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "14.10.21"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-search-ui"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "15.0-rc-1"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "15.5.5"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.xwiki.platform:xwiki-platform-search-ui"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "15.6-rc-1"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "15.10.2"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-37901"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862",
      "CWE-94",
      "CWE-95"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2024-07-31T15:24:37Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-07-31T16:15:03Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "### Impact\nAny user with edit right on any page can perform arbitrary remote code execution by adding instances of `XWiki.SearchSuggestConfig` and `XWiki.SearchSuggestSourceClass` to their user profile or any other page. This compromises the confidentiality, integrity and availability of the whole XWiki installation.\n\nTo reproduce on an instance, as a user without script nor programming rights, add an object of type `XWiki.SearchSuggestConfig` to your profile page, and an object of type `XWiki.SearchSuggestSourceClass` as well. On this last object, set both `name` and `icon` properties to `$services.logging.getLogger(\"attacker\").error(\"I got programming: $services.security.authorization.hasAccess(\u0027programming\u0027)\")` and `limit` and `engine` to `{{/html}}{{async}}{{velocity}}$services.logging.getLogger(\"attacker\").error(\"I got programming: $services.security.authorization.hasAccess(\u0027programming\u0027)\"){{/velocity}}{{/async}}`. Save and display the page. If the logs contain any message `ERROR attacker - I got programming: true` then the instance is vulnerable.\n\n### Patches\nThis vulnerability has been patched in XWiki 14.10.21, 15.5.5 and 15.10.2.\n\n### Workarounds\nWe\u0027re not aware of any workaround except upgrading.\n\n### References\n- https://jira.xwiki.org/browse/XWIKI-21473\n- https://github.com/xwiki/xwiki-platform/commit/742cd4591642be4cdcaf68325f17540e0934e64e",
  "id": "GHSA-h63h-5c77-77p5",
  "modified": "2024-09-06T21:41:22Z",
  "published": "2024-07-31T15:24:37Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/xwiki/xwiki-platform/security/advisories/GHSA-h63h-5c77-77p5"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-37901"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/xwiki/xwiki-platform/commit/0b135760514fef73db748986a3311f3edd4a553b"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/xwiki/xwiki-platform/commit/742cd4591642be4cdcaf68325f17540e0934e64e"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/xwiki/xwiki-platform/commit/9ce3e0319869b6d8131fc4e0909736f7041566a4"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/xwiki/xwiki-platform/commit/bbde8a4f564e3c28839440076334a9093e2b4834"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/xwiki/xwiki-platform"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://jira.xwiki.org/browse/XWIKI-21473"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "XWiki Platform vulnerable to remote code execution from account via SearchSuggestConfigSheet"
}

GHSA-H63R-3947-2F58

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-11-21 15:31 – Updated: 2026-01-20 15:31
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in jgwhite33 WP Google Review Slider wp-google-places-review-slider allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects WP Google Review Slider: from n/a through <= 17.4.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-66063"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-11-21T13:15:47Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in jgwhite33 WP Google Review Slider wp-google-places-review-slider allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects WP Google Review Slider: from n/a through \u003c= 17.4.",
  "id": "GHSA-h63r-3947-2f58",
  "modified": "2026-01-20T15:31:56Z",
  "published": "2025-11-21T15:31:26Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-66063"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/wp-google-places-review-slider/vulnerability/wordpress-wp-google-review-slider-plugin-17-4-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vdp.patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/wp-google-places-review-slider/vulnerability/wordpress-wp-google-review-slider-plugin-17-4-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-H63V-27QR-66H7

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-12-10 03:31 – Updated: 2024-12-10 03:31
VLAI
Details

SAP HCM Approve Timesheets Version 4 application does not perform necessary authorization checks for an authenticated user, resulting in escalation of privileges.There is low impact on integrity of the application. Confidentiality and availibility are not impacted.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-47581"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-12-10T01:15:06Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "SAP HCM Approve Timesheets Version 4 application does not perform necessary authorization checks for an authenticated user, resulting in escalation of privileges.There is low impact on integrity of the application. Confidentiality and availibility are not impacted.",
  "id": "GHSA-h63v-27qr-66h7",
  "modified": "2024-12-10T03:31:45Z",
  "published": "2024-12-10T03:31:45Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-47581"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://me.sap.com/notes/3522332"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://url.sap/sapsecuritypatchday"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-H64P-6RR7-5P56

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-01-22 18:30 – Updated: 2026-01-27 00:31
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in e-plugins WP Membership wp-membership allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects WP Membership: from n/a through <= 1.6.4.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-69193"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-01-22T17:16:26Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in e-plugins WP Membership wp-membership allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects WP Membership: from n/a through \u003c= 1.6.4.",
  "id": "GHSA-h64p-6rr7-5p56",
  "modified": "2026-01-27T00:31:12Z",
  "published": "2026-01-22T18:30:39Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-69193"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/wp-membership/vulnerability/wordpress-wp-membership-plugin-1-6-4-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • Divide the product into anonymous, normal, privileged, and administrative areas. Reduce the attack surface by carefully mapping roles with data and functionality. Use role-based access control (RBAC) [REF-229] to enforce the roles at the appropriate boundaries.
  • Note that this approach may not protect against horizontal authorization, i.e., it will not protect a user from attacking others with the same role.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Ensure that access control checks are performed related to the business logic. These checks may be different than the access control checks that are applied to more generic resources such as files, connections, processes, memory, and database records. For example, a database may restrict access for medical records to a specific database user, but each record might only be intended to be accessible to the patient and the patient's doctor [REF-7].

Mitigation MIT-4.4
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

  • Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
  • For example, consider using authorization frameworks such as the JAAS Authorization Framework [REF-233] and the OWASP ESAPI Access Control feature [REF-45].
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • For web applications, make sure that the access control mechanism is enforced correctly at the server side on every page. Users should not be able to access any unauthorized functionality or information by simply requesting direct access to that page.
  • One way to do this is to ensure that all pages containing sensitive information are not cached, and that all such pages restrict access to requests that are accompanied by an active and authenticated session token associated with a user who has the required permissions to access that page.
Mitigation
System Configuration Installation

Use the access control capabilities of your operating system and server environment and define your access control lists accordingly. Use a "default deny" policy when defining these ACLs.

CAPEC-665: Exploitation of Thunderbolt Protection Flaws

An adversary leverages a firmware weakness within the Thunderbolt protocol, on a computing device to manipulate Thunderbolt controller firmware in order to exploit vulnerabilities in the implementation of authorization and verification schemes within Thunderbolt protection mechanisms. Upon gaining physical access to a target device, the adversary conducts high-level firmware manipulation of the victim Thunderbolt controller SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) flash, through the use of a SPI Programing device and an external Thunderbolt device, typically as the target device is booting up. If successful, this allows the adversary to modify memory, subvert authentication mechanisms, spoof identities and content, and extract data and memory from the target device. Currently 7 major vulnerabilities exist within Thunderbolt protocol with 9 attack vectors as noted in the Execution Flow.