Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-862

Allowed-with-Review

Missing Authorization

Abstraction: Class · Status: Incomplete

The product does not perform an authorization check when an actor attempts to access a resource or perform an action.

19751 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-5PX8-J6F2-CWM9

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-12-13 15:30 – Updated: 2026-04-28 21:35
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in miniOrange SAML SP Single Sign On allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects SAML SP Single Sign On: from n/a through 5.0.4.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-41873"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-12-13T15:15:25Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in miniOrange SAML SP Single Sign On allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects SAML SP Single Sign On: from n/a through 5.0.4.",
  "id": "GHSA-5px8-j6f2-cwm9",
  "modified": "2026-04-28T21:35:27Z",
  "published": "2024-12-13T15:30:42Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-41873"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/miniorange-saml-20-single-sign-on/vulnerability/wordpress-saml-single-sign-on-sso-login-plugin-5-0-4-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-5Q24-JQ83-QH8Q

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-10-30 15:34 – Updated: 2026-10-30 15:34
VLAI
Details

Tencent BlueKing CMDB (bk-cmdb) through 3.14.6 contains a missing authorization vulnerability that allows authenticated users to view hosts of other businesses via POST /api/v3/hosts/search/asstdetail. Attackers can submit host search conditions targeting other businesses or omitting business filters to retrieve host attributes and topology association details, because the route is mapped to SkipAction and SearchHostWithAsstDetail skips AuthorizeSearchHost.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-119648"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-10-30T15:16:48Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Tencent BlueKing CMDB (bk-cmdb) through 3.14.6 contains a missing authorization vulnerability that allows authenticated users to view hosts of other businesses via POST /api/v3/hosts/search/asstdetail. Attackers can submit host search conditions targeting other businesses or omitting business filters to retrieve host attributes and topology association details, because the route is mapped to SkipAction and SearchHostWithAsstDetail skips AuthorizeSearchHost.",
  "id": "GHSA-5q24-jq83-qh8q",
  "modified": "2026-10-30T15:34:37Z",
  "published": "2026-10-30T15:34:37Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-119648"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/TencentBlueKing/bk-cmdb/issues/8709"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/TencentBlueKing/bk-cmdb"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/TencentBlueKing/bk-cmdb/blob/release-v3.14.6/src/ac/parser/host.go#L797-L819"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/TencentBlueKing/bk-cmdb/blob/release-v3.14.6/src/scene_server/host_server/logics/hostsearch.go#L36-L72"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/TencentBlueKing/bk-cmdb/blob/release-v3.14.6/src/scene_server/host_server/service/host.go#L605-L620"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://hackmd.io/@hieuPenguinnn/bk-cmdb-host-search-asstdetail-cross-business-missing-authz"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/blueking-cmdb-through-3.14.6-missing-authorization-via-api-v3-hosts-search-asstdetail"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-5Q37-X55W-W66J

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-04-03 15:30 – Updated: 2024-04-03 15:30
VLAI
Details

Rapid7 Minerva Armor versions below 4.5.5 suffer from a privilege escalation vulnerability whereby an authenticated attacker can elevate privileges and execute arbitrary code with SYSTEM privilege.  The vulnerability is caused by the product's implementation of OpenSSL'sOPENSSLDIR parameter where it is set to a path accessible to low-privileged users.  The vulnerability has been remediated and fixed in version 4.5.5. 

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-0394"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-04-03T14:15:13Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Rapid7 Minerva Armor versions below 4.5.5 suffer from a privilege escalation vulnerability whereby an authenticated attacker can elevate privileges and execute arbitrary code with SYSTEM privilege.\u00a0 The vulnerability is caused by the product\u0027s implementation of OpenSSL\u0027s`OPENSSLDIR` parameter where it is set to a path accessible to low-privileged users.\u00a0 The vulnerability has been remediated and fixed in version 4.5.5.\u00a0\n",
  "id": "GHSA-5q37-x55w-w66j",
  "modified": "2024-04-03T15:30:41Z",
  "published": "2024-04-03T15:30:41Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-0394"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.rapid7.com/blog/post/2024/04/03/cve-2024-0394-rapid7-minerva-armor-privilege-escalation-fixed"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-5Q47-P7MR-GQMX

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-04-01 15:31 – Updated: 2026-04-01 18:34
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in josselynj pCloud Backup allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels. This issue affects pCloud Backup: from n/a through 1.0.1.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-31755"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-04-01T15:16:12Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in josselynj pCloud Backup allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels. This issue affects pCloud Backup: from n/a through 1.0.1.",
  "id": "GHSA-5q47-p7mr-gqmx",
  "modified": "2026-04-01T18:34:19Z",
  "published": "2025-04-01T15:31:38Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-31755"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/pcloud-backup/vulnerability/wordpress-pcloud-backup-plugin-1-0-1-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-5Q4R-F47X-9M97

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-01-14 00:31 – Updated: 2026-01-14 00:31
VLAI
Details

Bitrix24 contains an authenticated remote code execution vulnerability that allows logged-in attackers to execute arbitrary system commands through the PHP command line admin interface. Attackers can leverage the vulnerability by sending crafted POST requests to the administrative endpoint with system commands to execute code with the web application's privileges.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-50911"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-01-13T23:15:54Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Bitrix24 contains an authenticated remote code execution vulnerability that allows logged-in attackers to execute arbitrary system commands through the PHP command line admin interface. Attackers can leverage the vulnerability by sending crafted POST requests to the administrative endpoint with system commands to execute code with the web application\u0027s privileges.",
  "id": "GHSA-5q4r-f47x-9m97",
  "modified": "2026-01-14T00:31:28Z",
  "published": "2026-01-14T00:31:28Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-50911"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.bitrix24.com/apps/desktop.php"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/50898"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/bitrix-remote-code-execution-rce-authenticated"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-5Q5W-6R9G-CPGC

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-10 03:31 – Updated: 2026-04-10 03:31
VLAI
Details

The Download Manager plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized modification of data due to a missing capability check on the makeMediaPublic() and makeMediaPrivate() functions in all versions up to, and including, 3.3.51. This is due to the functions only checking for edit_posts capability without verifying post ownership via current_user_can('edit_post', $id), and the destructive operations executing before the admin-level check in mediaAccessControl(). This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Contributor-level access and above, to strip all protection metadata (password, access restrictions, private flag) from any media file they do not own, making admin-protected files publicly accessible via their direct URL.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-4057"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-04-10T02:16:03Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The Download Manager plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized modification of data due to a missing capability check on the `makeMediaPublic()` and `makeMediaPrivate()` functions in all versions up to, and including, 3.3.51. This is due to the functions only checking for `edit_posts` capability without verifying post ownership via `current_user_can(\u0027edit_post\u0027, $id)`, and the destructive operations executing before the admin-level check in `mediaAccessControl()`. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Contributor-level access and above, to strip all protection metadata (password, access restrictions, private flag) from any media file they do not own, making admin-protected files publicly accessible via their direct URL.",
  "id": "GHSA-5q5w-6r9g-cpgc",
  "modified": "2026-04-10T03:31:10Z",
  "published": "2026-04-10T03:31:10Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-4057"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/download-manager/tags/3.3.51/src/MediaLibrary/MediaAccessControl.php#L237"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/download-manager/tags/3.3.51/src/MediaLibrary/MediaAccessControl.php#L257"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/download-manager/trunk/src/MediaLibrary/MediaAccessControl.php#L237"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/download-manager/trunk/src/MediaLibrary/MediaAccessControl.php#L257"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/3492316/download-manager/trunk/src/MediaLibrary/MediaAccessControl.php"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?old_path=%2Fdownload-manager/tags/3.3.51\u0026new_path=%2Fdownload-manager/tags/3.3.52"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/a6b02846-61be-4571-921d-53df5493f856?source=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-5Q5X-WQXC-VV25

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-18 18:30 – Updated: 2026-09-08 21:32
VLAI
Details

CodeAstro Membership Management System 1.0 contains a missing authentication vulnerability in delete_members.php that allows unauthenticated attackers to delete arbitrary member records via the id parameter.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-70150"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-02-18T18:24:20Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "CodeAstro Membership Management System 1.0 contains a missing authentication vulnerability in delete_members.php that allows unauthenticated attackers to delete arbitrary member records via the id parameter.",
  "id": "GHSA-5q5x-wqxc-vv25",
  "modified": "2026-09-08T21:32:14Z",
  "published": "2026-02-18T18:30:40Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-70150"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://0x0bito.github.io/posts/CVE-2025-70150-Membership-Unauth-Delete"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.phpscriptsonline.com/product/membership-management-software"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://youngkevinn.github.io/posts/CVE-2025-70150-Membership-Unauth-Delete"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-5Q65-HQ89-VXJ6

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-03-08 03:30 – Updated: 2026-04-08 18:33
VLAI
Details

The Post Lockdown plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Information Exposure in all versions up to, and including, 4.0.2 via the 'pl_autocomplete' AJAX action due to insufficient restrictions on which posts can be included. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Subscriber-level access and above, to extract data from password protected, private, or draft posts that they should not have access to.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-1504"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-03-08T03:15:37Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "The Post Lockdown plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Information Exposure in all versions up to, and including, 4.0.2 via the \u0027pl_autocomplete\u0027 AJAX action due to insufficient restrictions on which posts can be included. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Subscriber-level access and above, to extract data from password protected, private, or draft posts that they should not have access to.",
  "id": "GHSA-5q65-hq89-vxj6",
  "modified": "2026-04-08T18:33:51Z",
  "published": "2025-03-08T03:30:50Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-1504"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail=\u0026reponame=\u0026old=3253378%40post-lockdown\u0026new=3253378%40post-lockdown\u0026sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail="
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://wordpress.org/plugins/post-lockdown"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/447cef6f-fa2e-4087-946d-6e0214830ea9?source=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-5Q6M-PWQM-WMC9

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-10-05 18:34 – Updated: 2026-10-14 21:33
VLAI
Details

Joomla Extension - joomlafry.com - Unauthenticated cross-record publication and mass assignment in TF Content 2.9.0 - 2.9.4 - The extension unconditionally authorizes both creation and editing in its public RecordController. Its shared frontend save controller accepts the raw jform array, assigns the request-selected existing record ID, and saves it without filtering submitted properties through the configured form. A Guest can obtain a valid token from Joomla's public login form and modify any TF Content row, including mass-assigning published, access, and created_by.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-102780"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-10-05T16:17:04Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Joomla Extension - joomlafry.com - Unauthenticated cross-record publication and mass assignment in TF Content 2.9.0 - 2.9.4 - The extension unconditionally authorizes both creation and editing in its public `RecordController`. Its shared frontend save controller accepts the raw `jform` array, assigns the request-selected existing record ID, and saves it without filtering submitted properties through the configured form. A Guest can obtain a valid token from Joomla\u0027s public login form and modify any TF Content row, including mass-assigning `published`, `access`, and `created_by`.",
  "id": "GHSA-5q6m-pwqm-wmc9",
  "modified": "2026-10-14T21:33:05Z",
  "published": "2026-10-05T18:34:20Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-102780"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.joomlafry.com"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-5Q8W-V8VJ-6R7H

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-01 15:31 – Updated: 2024-11-01 15:31
VLAI
Details

Missing Authorization vulnerability in Bitly allows Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs.This issue affects Bitly: from n/a through 2.7.2.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-43209"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-862"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-11-01T15:15:41Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in Bitly allows Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs.This issue affects Bitly: from n/a through 2.7.2.",
  "id": "GHSA-5q8w-v8vj-6r7h",
  "modified": "2024-11-01T15:31:59Z",
  "published": "2024-11-01T15:31:59Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-43209"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/wp-bitly/wordpress-bitly-s-wordpress-plugin-plugin-2-7-2-broken-access-control-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • Divide the product into anonymous, normal, privileged, and administrative areas. Reduce the attack surface by carefully mapping roles with data and functionality. Use role-based access control (RBAC) [REF-229] to enforce the roles at the appropriate boundaries.
  • Note that this approach may not protect against horizontal authorization, i.e., it will not protect a user from attacking others with the same role.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Ensure that access control checks are performed related to the business logic. These checks may be different than the access control checks that are applied to more generic resources such as files, connections, processes, memory, and database records. For example, a database may restrict access for medical records to a specific database user, but each record might only be intended to be accessible to the patient and the patient's doctor [REF-7].

Mitigation MIT-4.4
Architecture and Design

Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks

  • Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
  • For example, consider using authorization frameworks such as the JAAS Authorization Framework [REF-233] and the OWASP ESAPI Access Control feature [REF-45].
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
  • For web applications, make sure that the access control mechanism is enforced correctly at the server side on every page. Users should not be able to access any unauthorized functionality or information by simply requesting direct access to that page.
  • One way to do this is to ensure that all pages containing sensitive information are not cached, and that all such pages restrict access to requests that are accompanied by an active and authenticated session token associated with a user who has the required permissions to access that page.
Mitigation
System Configuration Installation

Use the access control capabilities of your operating system and server environment and define your access control lists accordingly. Use a "default deny" policy when defining these ACLs.

CAPEC-665: Exploitation of Thunderbolt Protection Flaws

An adversary leverages a firmware weakness within the Thunderbolt protocol, on a computing device to manipulate Thunderbolt controller firmware in order to exploit vulnerabilities in the implementation of authorization and verification schemes within Thunderbolt protection mechanisms. Upon gaining physical access to a target device, the adversary conducts high-level firmware manipulation of the victim Thunderbolt controller SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) flash, through the use of a SPI Programing device and an external Thunderbolt device, typically as the target device is booting up. If successful, this allows the adversary to modify memory, subvert authentication mechanisms, spoof identities and content, and extract data and memory from the target device. Currently 7 major vulnerabilities exist within Thunderbolt protocol with 9 attack vectors as noted in the Execution Flow.