CWE-862
Allowed-with-ReviewMissing Authorization
Abstraction: Class · Status: Incomplete
The product does not perform an authorization check when an actor attempts to access a resource or perform an action.
19598 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-474V-G7V9-75HP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-01-16 00:30 – Updated: 2026-01-16 00:30GravCMS 1.10.7 contains an unauthenticated vulnerability that allows remote attackers to write arbitrary YAML configuration and execute PHP code through the scheduler endpoint. Attackers can exploit the admin-nonce parameter to inject base64-encoded payloads and create malicious custom jobs with system command execution.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-47812"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-01-16T00:16:26Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "GravCMS 1.10.7 contains an unauthenticated vulnerability that allows remote attackers to write arbitrary YAML configuration and execute PHP code through the scheduler endpoint. Attackers can exploit the admin-nonce parameter to inject base64-encoded payloads and create malicious custom jobs with system command execution.",
"id": "GHSA-474v-g7v9-75hp",
"modified": "2026-01-16T00:30:55Z",
"published": "2026-01-16T00:30:55Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-47812"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://getgrav.org"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/49973"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/gravcms-arbitrary-yaml-writeupdate-unauthenticated"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-475C-P6QV-5Q4V
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-01-04 12:30 – Updated: 2023-01-10 18:30In contacts service, there is a missing permission check. This could lead to local denial of service in contacts service with no additional execution privileges needed.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-38678"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-01-04T10:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In contacts service, there is a missing permission check. This could lead to local denial of service in contacts service with no additional execution privileges needed.",
"id": "GHSA-475c-p6qv-5q4v",
"modified": "2023-01-10T18:30:29Z",
"published": "2023-01-04T12:30:29Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-38678"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.unisoc.com/en_us/secy/announcementDetail/1610118225591336001"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4764-HR5M-Q54P
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-10-13 21:32 – Updated: 2026-10-13 21:32Missing authorization in Microsoft Office SharePoint allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-102861"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-10-13T19:17:50Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Missing authorization in Microsoft Office SharePoint allows an authorized attacker to elevate privileges over a network.",
"id": "GHSA-4764-hr5m-q54p",
"modified": "2026-10-13T21:32:55Z",
"published": "2026-10-13T21:32:55Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-102861"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-102861"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4766-X535-JW3R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-11-04 18:39 – Updated: 2025-11-17 21:38Summary
The xDS interface in Kgateway versions 2.0.0 through 2.0.4 lacks authentication, allowing any client with unrestricted network access to the xDS port to retrieve potentially sensitive configuration data including certificate data, backend service information, routing rules, and cluster metadata.
Description
Impact
Kgateway xDS interface did not have authorization, so anonymous clients with unrestricted network access could gain access to the xDS data. This could expose sensitive information about your gateway configuration, certificate data, backend services, and routing topology to unauthorized parties.
Patches
Upgrade to version 2.0.5 or 2.1.0. These versions enable JWT-based authentication for the xDS interface by default, ensuring that only authenticated clients can access the xDS configuration data.
Workarounds
If immediate upgrade is not possible, NetworkPolicies can be used to block access to kgateway's xDS port, restricting network access to only trusted sources.
References
- Fix in 2.1.0: https://github.com/kgateway-dev/kgateway/pull/12471
- Backport to 2.0.5: https://github.com/kgateway-dev/kgateway/pull/12535
- Related issue: https://github.com/kgateway-dev/kgateway/issues/10651
Credits
Kindly reported by @rikatz
For More Information
If you have any questions or comments about this advisory, please reach out in slack https://cloud-native.slack.com/archives/C080D3PJMS4
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/kgateway-dev/kgateway/v2"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.1.0-agw-cel-rbac"
},
{
"fixed": "2.1.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/kgateway-dev/kgateway/v2"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.0.5"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-64323"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2025-11-04T18:39:31Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2025-11-07T04:15:47Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "## Summary\n\nThe xDS interface in Kgateway versions 2.0.0 through 2.0.4 lacks authentication, allowing any client with unrestricted network access to the xDS port to retrieve potentially sensitive configuration data including certificate data, backend service information, routing rules, and cluster metadata.\n\n## Description\n\n### Impact\n\nKgateway xDS interface did not have authorization, so anonymous clients with unrestricted network access could gain access to the xDS data. This could expose sensitive information about your gateway configuration, certificate data, backend services, and routing topology to unauthorized parties.\n\n### Patches\n\nUpgrade to version 2.0.5 or 2.1.0. These versions enable JWT-based authentication for the xDS interface by default, ensuring that only authenticated clients can access the xDS configuration data.\n\n### Workarounds\n\nIf immediate upgrade is not possible, NetworkPolicies can be used to block access to kgateway\u0027s xDS port, restricting network access to only trusted sources.\n\n## References\n\n- Fix in 2.1.0: https://github.com/kgateway-dev/kgateway/pull/12471\n- Backport to 2.0.5: https://github.com/kgateway-dev/kgateway/pull/12535\n- Related issue: https://github.com/kgateway-dev/kgateway/issues/10651\n\n## Credits\n\nKindly reported by @rikatz\n\n## For More Information\n\nIf you have any questions or comments about this advisory, please reach out in slack https://cloud-native.slack.com/archives/C080D3PJMS4",
"id": "GHSA-4766-x535-jw3r",
"modified": "2025-11-17T21:38:28Z",
"published": "2025-11-04T18:39:31Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/kgateway-dev/kgateway/security/advisories/GHSA-4766-x535-jw3r"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-64323"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/kgateway-dev/kgateway/issues/10651"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/kgateway-dev/kgateway/pull/12471"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/kgateway-dev/kgateway/pull/12535"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/kgateway-dev/kgateway"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "kgateway is missing xDS authorization"
}
GHSA-476H-737F-MC4W
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-12-13 15:30 – Updated: 2026-04-28 21:35Missing Authorization vulnerability in MailMunch MailChimp Forms by MailMunch allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects MailChimp Forms by MailMunch: from n/a through 3.1.4.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-40203"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-12-13T15:15:21Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Missing Authorization vulnerability in MailMunch MailChimp Forms by MailMunch allows Exploiting Incorrectly Configured Access Control Security Levels.This issue affects MailChimp Forms by MailMunch: from n/a through 3.1.4.",
"id": "GHSA-476h-737f-mc4w",
"modified": "2026-04-28T21:35:25Z",
"published": "2024-12-13T15:30:42Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-40203"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/mailchimp-forms-by-mailmunch/vulnerability/wordpress-mailchimp-forms-by-mailmunch-plugin-3-1-4-broken-access-control?_s_id=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4772-PJCP-2XFR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-01-13 03:32 – Updated: 2026-01-13 03:32Due to missing authorization check in the SAP ERP Central Component (SAP ECC) and SAP S/4HANA (SAP EHS Management), an attacker could extract hardcoded clear-text credentials and bypass the password authentication check by manipulating user parameters. Upon successful exploitation, the attacker can access, modify or delete certain change pointer information within EHS objects in the application which might further affect the subsequent systems. This vulnerability leads to a low impact on confidentiality and integrity of the application with no affect on the availability.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-0503"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-01-13T02:15:52Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Due to missing authorization check in the SAP ERP Central Component (SAP ECC) and SAP S/4HANA (SAP EHS Management), an attacker could extract hardcoded clear-text credentials and bypass the password authentication check by manipulating user parameters. Upon successful exploitation, the attacker can access, modify or delete certain change pointer information within EHS objects in the application which might further affect the subsequent systems. This vulnerability leads to a low impact on confidentiality and integrity of the application with no affect on the availability.",
"id": "GHSA-4772-pjcp-2xfr",
"modified": "2026-01-13T03:32:09Z",
"published": "2026-01-13T03:32:09Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-0503"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://me.sap.com/notes/3681523"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://url.sap/sapsecuritypatchday"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4785-6QPQ-MXRV
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-03-22 03:30 – Updated: 2025-03-27 03:33The Motors – Car Dealer, Classifieds & Listing plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized modification of data due to a missing capability checks on the motors_create_template and motors_delete_template functions in all versions up to, and including, 1.4.57. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Subscriber-level access and above, to delete arbitrary posts or create listing templates. This issue requires Elementor plugin to be installed, which is a required plugin for Motors Starter Theme.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-13737"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-03-22T03:15:11Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The Motors \u2013 Car Dealer, Classifieds \u0026 Listing plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to unauthorized modification of data due to a missing capability checks on the motors_create_template and motors_delete_template functions in all versions up to, and including, 1.4.57. This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with Subscriber-level access and above, to delete arbitrary posts or create listing templates. This issue requires Elementor plugin to be installed, which is a required plugin for Motors Starter Theme.",
"id": "GHSA-4785-6qpq-mxrv",
"modified": "2025-03-27T03:33:34Z",
"published": "2025-03-22T03:30:33Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-13737"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/motors-car-dealership-classified-listings/tags/1.4.52/includes/class/Features/Elementor/Nuxy/TemplateManager.php#L149"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/motors-car-dealership-classified-listings/tags/1.4.52/includes/class/Features/Elementor/Nuxy/TemplateManager.php#L191"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/3250931/motors-car-dealership-classified-listings/trunk/includes/class/Features/Elementor/Nuxy/TemplateManager.php"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/04fd2d7a-fa75-4b9d-9514-5c24ca5ebc22?source=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4793-7RMV-288C
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-16 09:30 – Updated: 2026-09-16 09:30GitLab has remediated an issue in GitLab CE/EE affecting all versions from 13.9 before 19.1.8, 19.2 before 19.2.6, and 19.3 before 19.3.2 that an authenticated user with developer-role permissions could substitute package file content and hide packages from their owners due to improper authorization checks in the Generic Package Registry.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-7514"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-09-16T07:16:37Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "GitLab has remediated an issue in GitLab CE/EE affecting all versions from 13.9 before 19.1.8, 19.2 before 19.2.6, and 19.3 before 19.3.2 that an authenticated user with developer-role permissions could substitute package file content and hide packages from their owners due to improper authorization checks in the Generic Package Registry.",
"id": "GHSA-4793-7rmv-288c",
"modified": "2026-09-16T09:30:25Z",
"published": "2026-09-16T09:30:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-7514"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://hackerone.com/reports/3683678"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://docs.gitlab.com/releases/patches/patch-release-gitlab-19-3-2-released"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gitlab.com/gitlab-org/gitlab/-/work_items/598708"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4798-X83M-XR8F
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-13 21:31 – Updated: 2026-09-13 21:31The MDJM Event Management WordPress plugin before 1.7.8.5 and the Mobile Events Manager WordPress plugin through 1.4.8.3 do not check a capability, a nonce or the type of the record before permanently deleting the post identified in a request to their playlist entry removal, allowing unauthenticated attackers to destroy arbitrary posts, pages and media attachments, bypassing the trash.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-88802"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-09-13T21:17:02Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The MDJM Event Management WordPress plugin before 1.7.8.5 and the Mobile Events Manager WordPress plugin through 1.4.8.3 do not check a capability, a nonce or the type of the record before permanently deleting the post identified in a request to their playlist entry removal, allowing unauthenticated attackers to destroy arbitrary posts, pages and media attachments, bypassing the trash.",
"id": "GHSA-4798-x83m-xr8f",
"modified": "2026-09-13T21:31:42Z",
"published": "2026-09-13T21:31:42Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-88802"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://wpscan.com/vulnerability/cac1846c-bbf4-4ad2-8dfb-d7025034a9a7"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-47CG-2QJ2-MR6R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-09-19 09:32 – Updated: 2026-09-19 09:32The Flex Import plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Missing Authorization in all versions up to, and including, 3.0. This is due to the license_activate_fleximp() and license_deactivate_fleximp() functions, hooked to the wp_ajax_license_activate_fleximp and wp_ajax_license_deactivate_fleximp AJAX actions, lacking both a capability check (current_user_can()) and nonce verification (the client-side script sends a 'wpnonce' value but the handlers never validate it). This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with subscriber-level access and above, to activate an arbitrary/fraudulent license key (persisting it via update_option('fleximp_is_premium') and toggling validation, suspension, and bundle status options) or deactivate the site's legitimate license (deleting the stored key and setting fleximp_validation_status to false), thereby disrupting the plugin's premium functionality.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-9615"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-862"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-09-19T08:16:55Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The Flex Import plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Missing Authorization in all versions up to, and including, 3.0. This is due to the license_activate_fleximp() and license_deactivate_fleximp() functions, hooked to the wp_ajax_license_activate_fleximp and wp_ajax_license_deactivate_fleximp AJAX actions, lacking both a capability check (current_user_can()) and nonce verification (the client-side script sends a \u0027wpnonce\u0027 value but the handlers never validate it). This makes it possible for authenticated attackers, with subscriber-level access and above, to activate an arbitrary/fraudulent license key (persisting it via update_option(\u0027fleximp_is_premium\u0027) and toggling validation, suspension, and bundle status options) or deactivate the site\u0027s legitimate license (deleting the stored key and setting fleximp_validation_status to false), thereby disrupting the plugin\u0027s premium functionality.",
"id": "GHSA-47cg-2qj2-mr6r",
"modified": "2026-09-19T09:32:12Z",
"published": "2026-09-19T09:32:12Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-9615"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/flex-import/tags/2.5/includes/fleximp-license-functions.php#L159"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/flex-import/tags/2.5/includes/fleximp-license-functions.php#L161"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/flex-import/tags/2.5/includes/fleximp-license-functions.php#L86"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/flex-import/tags/2.5/includes/fleximp-license-functions.php#L93"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/flex-import/tags/2.8/includes/fleximp-license-functions.php#L159"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/flex-import/tags/2.8/includes/fleximp-license-functions.php#L161"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/flex-import/tags/2.8/includes/fleximp-license-functions.php#L86"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/flex-import/tags/2.8/includes/fleximp-license-functions.php#L93"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?reponame=\u0026old=3630901%40flex-import\u0026new=3630901%40flex-import"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/0143b789-06ea-47da-9736-3266f91a9e33?source=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
- Divide the product into anonymous, normal, privileged, and administrative areas. Reduce the attack surface by carefully mapping roles with data and functionality. Use role-based access control (RBAC) [REF-229] to enforce the roles at the appropriate boundaries.
- Note that this approach may not protect against horizontal authorization, i.e., it will not protect a user from attacking others with the same role.
Mitigation
Ensure that access control checks are performed related to the business logic. These checks may be different than the access control checks that are applied to more generic resources such as files, connections, processes, memory, and database records. For example, a database may restrict access for medical records to a specific database user, but each record might only be intended to be accessible to the patient and the patient's doctor [REF-7].
Mitigation MIT-4.4
Strategy: Libraries or Frameworks
- Use a vetted library or framework that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- For example, consider using authorization frameworks such as the JAAS Authorization Framework [REF-233] and the OWASP ESAPI Access Control feature [REF-45].
Mitigation
- For web applications, make sure that the access control mechanism is enforced correctly at the server side on every page. Users should not be able to access any unauthorized functionality or information by simply requesting direct access to that page.
- One way to do this is to ensure that all pages containing sensitive information are not cached, and that all such pages restrict access to requests that are accompanied by an active and authenticated session token associated with a user who has the required permissions to access that page.
Mitigation
Use the access control capabilities of your operating system and server environment and define your access control lists accordingly. Use a "default deny" policy when defining these ACLs.
CAPEC-665: Exploitation of Thunderbolt Protection Flaws
An adversary leverages a firmware weakness within the Thunderbolt protocol, on a computing device to manipulate Thunderbolt controller firmware in order to exploit vulnerabilities in the implementation of authorization and verification schemes within Thunderbolt protection mechanisms. Upon gaining physical access to a target device, the adversary conducts high-level firmware manipulation of the victim Thunderbolt controller SPI (Serial Peripheral Interface) flash, through the use of a SPI Programing device and an external Thunderbolt device, typically as the target device is booting up. If successful, this allows the adversary to modify memory, subvert authentication mechanisms, spoof identities and content, and extract data and memory from the target device. Currently 7 major vulnerabilities exist within Thunderbolt protocol with 9 attack vectors as noted in the Execution Flow.