Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-754
Allowed-with-ReviewImproper Check for Unusual or Exceptional Conditions
Abstraction: Class · Status: Incomplete
The product does not check or incorrectly checks for unusual or exceptional conditions that are not expected to occur frequently during day to day operation of the product.
954 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
CVE-2024-39561 (GCVE-0-2024-39561)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-07-10 22:46 – Updated: 2024-08-02 04:26
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Junos OS: SRX4600, SRX5000 Series: TCP packets with SYN/FIN or SYN/RST are transferred after enabling no-syn-check with Express Path
Summary
An Improper Check for Unusual or Exceptional Conditions vulnerability in the flow daemon (flowd) of Juniper Networks Junos OS on
SRX4600 and SRX5000 Series
allows an attacker to send TCP packets with
SYN/FIN or SYN/RST
flags, bypassing the expected blocking of these packets.
A TCP packet with SYN/FIN or SYN/RST should be dropped in flowd. However, when no-syn-check and Express Path are enabled, these TCP packets are unexpectedly transferred to the downstream network.
This issue affects Junos OS on SRX4600 and SRX5000 Series:
* All versions before 21.2R3-S8,
* from 21.4 before 21.4R3-S7,
* from 22.1 before 22.1R3-S6,
* from 22.2 before 22.2R3-S4,
* from 22.3 before 22.3R3-S3,
* from 22.4 before 22.4R3-S2,
* from 23.2 before 23.2R2,
* from 23.4 before 23.4R1-S1, 23.4R2.
Severity
5.8 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-07-11 13:23 UTC
CWE
- CWE-754 - Improper Check for Unusual or Exceptional Conditions
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://supportportal.juniper.net/JSA83021 | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
7 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Juniper Networks | Junos OS |
Affected:
0 , < 21.2R3-S8
(semver)
Affected: 21.4 , < 21.4R3-S7 (semver) Affected: 22.1 , < 22.1R3-S6 (semver) Affected: 22.2 , < 22.2R3-S4 (semver) Affected: 22.3 , < 22.3R3-S3 (semver) Affected: 22.4 , < 22.4R3-S2 (semver) Affected: 23.2 , < 23.2R2 (semver) Affected: 23.4 , < 23.4R1-S1, 23.4R2 (semver) |
|
| juniper | junos |
Affected:
0 , < 21.2r3-s8
(custom)
cpe:2.3:o:juniper:junos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| juniper | junos |
Affected:
21.4 , < 21.4r3-s7
(custom)
cpe:2.3:o:juniper:junos:21.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| juniper | junos |
Affected:
22.2 , < 22.2r3-s4
(custom)
cpe:2.3:o:juniper:junos:22.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| juniper | junos |
Affected:
22.3 , < 22.3r3-s3
(custom)
cpe:2.3:o:juniper:junos:22.3:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| juniper | junos |
Affected:
22.4 , < 22.4r3-s2
(custom)
cpe:2.3:o:juniper:junos:22.4:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
|
| juniper | junos |
Affected:
23.2 , < 23.2r2
(custom)
cpe:2.3:o:juniper:junos:23.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
Date Public
2024-07-10 16:00
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CVE-2024-39559 (GCVE-0-2024-39559)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-07-10 22:42 – Updated: 2024-08-02 04:26
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Junos OS Evolved: Receipt of a specific TCP packet may result in a system crash (vmcore) on dual RE systems with NSR enabled
Summary
An Improper Check for Unusual or Exceptional Conditions vulnerability in packet processing of Juniper Networks Junos OS Evolved may allow a network-based unauthenticated attacker to crash the device (vmcore) by sending a specific TCP packet over an established TCP session with MD5 authentication enabled, destined to an accessible port on the device, resulting in a Denial of Service (DoS). The receipt of this packet must occur within a specific timing window outside the attacker's control (i.e., race condition).
Continued receipt and processing of this packet will create a sustained Denial of Service (DoS) condition.
This issue only affects dual RE systems with Nonstop Active Routing (NSR) enabled.
Exploitation can only occur over TCP sessions with MD5 authentication enabled (e.g., BGP with MD5 authentication).
This issue affects Junos OS Evolved:
* All versions before 21.2R3-S8-EVO,
* from 21.4-EVO before 21.4R3-S6-EVO,
* from 22.1-EVO before 22.1R3-S4-EVO,
* from 22.2-EVO before 22.2R3-S4-EVO,
* from 22.3-EVO before 22.3R3-S3-EVO,
* from 22.4-EVO before 22.4R2-S2-EVO, 22.4R3-EVO.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-07-11 18:58 UTC
CWE
- CWE-754 - Improper Check for Unusual or Exceptional Conditions
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://supportportal.juniper.net/JSA83019 | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Juniper Networks | Junos OS Evolved |
Affected:
0 , < 21.2R3-S8-EVO
(semver)
Affected: 21.4-EVO , < 21.4R3-S6-EVO (semver) Affected: 22.1-EVO , < 22.1R3-S4-EVO (semver) Affected: 22.2-EVO , < 22.2R3-S4-EVO (semver) Affected: 22.3-EVO , < 22.3R3-S3-EVO (semver) Affected: 22.4-EVO , < 22.4R2-S2-EVO, 22.4R3-EVO (semver) |
Date Public
2024-07-10 16:00
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CVE-2024-39545 (GCVE-0-2024-39545)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-07-11 16:22 – Updated: 2024-08-02 04:26
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Junos OS: SRX Series, MX Series with SPC3 and NFX350: When VPN tunnels parameters are not configured in specific way the iked process will crash
Summary
An Improper Check for Unusual or Exceptional Conditions vulnerability in the the IKE daemon (iked) of Juniper Networks Junos OS on SRX Series, MX Series with SPC3 and NFX350 allows allows an unauthenticated, network-based attacker sending specific mismatching parameters as part of the IPsec negotiation to trigger an iked crash leading to Denial of Service (DoS).
This issue is applicable to all platforms that run iked. This issue affects Junos OS on SRX Series, MX Series with SPC3 and NFX350:
* All versions before 21.2R3-S8,
* from 21.4 before 21.4R3-S7,
* from 22.1 before 22.1R3-S2,
* from 22.2 before 22.2R3-S1,
* from 22.3 before 22.3R2-S1, 22.3R3,
* from 22.4 before 22.4R1-S2, 22.4R2, 22.4R3.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-07-11 17:20 UTC
CWE
- CWE-754 - Improper Check for Unusual or Exceptional Conditions
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://supportportal.juniper.net/JSA83007 | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Juniper Networks | Junos OS |
Affected:
0 , < 21.2R3-S8
(semver)
Affected: 21.4 , < 21.4R3-S7 (semver) Affected: 22.1 , < 22.1R3-S2 (semver) Affected: 22.2 , < 22.2R3-S1 (semver) Affected: 22.3 , < 22.3R2-S1, 22.3R3 (semver) Affected: 22.4 , < 22.4R1-S2, 22.4R2, 22.4R3 (semver) |
|
| juniper | junos_os |
Affected:
0 , < 21.2R3-S8
(semver)
Affected: 21.4 , < 21.4R3-S7 (semver) Affected: 22.1 , < 22.1R3-S2 (semver) Affected: 22.2 , < 22.2R3-S1 (semver) Affected: 22.3 , < 22.3R2-S1 (semver) Affected: 22.4 , < 22.4R1-S2 (semver) Affected: 22.4 , < 22.4R2 (semver) Affected: 22.4 , < 22.4R3 (semver) Affected: 22.3 , < 22.3R3 (semver) cpe:2.3:o:juniper:junos_os:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
Date Public
2024-07-10 16:00
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CVE-2024-39540 (GCVE-0-2024-39540)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-07-11 16:16 – Updated: 2024-08-02 04:26
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Junos OS: SRX Series, and MX Series with SPC3: Specific valid TCP traffic can cause a pfe crash
Summary
An Improper Check for Unusual or Exceptional Conditions vulnerability in the Packet Forwarding Engine (pfe) of Juniper Networks Junos OS on SRX Series, and MX Series with SPC3 allows an unauthenticated, network-based attacker to cause a Denial-of-Service (DoS).
When an affected device receives specific valid TCP traffic, the pfe crashes and restarts leading to a momentary but complete service outage.
This issue affects Junos OS:
21.2 releases from 21.2R3-S5 before 21.2R3-S6.
This issue does not affect earlier or later releases.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-07-11 18:48 UTC
CWE
- CWE-754 - Improper Check for Unusual or Exceptional Conditions
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://supportportal.juniper.net/JSA83000 | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Juniper Networks | Junos OS |
Affected:
21.2R3-S5 , < 21.2R3-S6
(semver)
|
|
| juniper | junos |
Affected:
21.2 , < 21.2r3-s6
(semver)
cpe:2.3:o:juniper:junos:21.2:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
Date Public
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CVE-2024-39535 (GCVE-0-2024-39535)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-07-11 16:09 – Updated: 2024-08-02 04:26
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Junos OS Evolved: ACX 7000 Series: When specific traffic is received in a VPLS scenario evo-pfemand crashes
Summary
An Improper Check for Unusual or Exceptional Conditions vulnerability in the Packet Forwarding Engine (PFE) of Juniper Networks Junos OS Evolved on ACX 7000 Series allows an unauthenticated, adjacent attacker to cause a Denial-of-Service (DoS).
When a device has a Layer 3 or an IRB interface configured in a VPLS instance and specific traffic is received, the evo-pfemand processes crashes which causes a service outage for the respective FPC until the system is recovered manually.
This issue only affects Junos OS Evolved 22.4R2-S1 and 22.4R2-S2 releases and is fixed in 22.4R3. No other releases are affected.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-07-11 19:02 UTC
CWE
- CWE-754 - Improper Check for Unusual or Exceptional Conditions
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://supportportal.juniper.net/JSA82995 | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Juniper Networks | Junos OS Evolved |
Affected:
22.4R2-S1-EVO , < 22.4R3-EVO
(semver)
|
Date Public
2024-07-10 16:00
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CVE-2024-39530 (GCVE-0-2024-39530)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-07-11 16:04 – Updated: 2024-08-02 04:26
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Junos OS: Attempting to access specific sensors on platforms not supporting these will lead to a chassisd crash
Summary
An Improper Check for Unusual or Exceptional Conditions vulnerability in the chassis management daemon (chassisd) of Juniper Networks Junos OS allows an unauthenticated, network-based attacker to cause a
Denial-of-Service (DoS).
If an attempt is made to access specific sensors on platforms not supporting these sensors, either via GRPC or netconf, chassisd will crash and restart leading to a restart of all FPCs and thereby a complete outage.
This issue affects Junos OS:
* 21.4 versions from 21.4R3 before 21.4R3-S5,
* 22.1 versions from 22.1R3 before 22.1R3-S4,
* 22.2 versions from 22.2R2 before 22.2R3,
* 22.3 versions from 22.3R1 before 22.3R2-S2, 22.3R3,
* 22.4 versions from 22.4R1 before 22.4R2.
This issue does not affect Junos OS versions earlier than 21.4.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-07-11 20:25 UTC
CWE
- CWE-754 - Improper Check for Unusual or Exceptional Conditions
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://supportportal.juniper.net/JSA82989 | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Juniper Networks | Junos OS |
Affected:
21.4R3 , < 21.4R3-S5
(semver)
Affected: 22.1R3 , < 22.1R3-S4 (semver) Affected: 22.2R2 , < 22.2R3 (semver) Affected: 22.3R1 , < 22.3R2-S2, 22.3R3 (semver) Affected: 22.4R1 , < 22.4R2 (semver) Unaffected: 0 , < 21.4 (semver) |
|
| juniper | junos_os |
Affected:
0 , < 21.4
(semver)
Affected: 22.4r1 , < 22.4r2 (semver) Affected: 22.3r1 , < 22.3r2-s2 (semver) Affected: 22.3r1 , < 22.3r3 (custom) Affected: 22.2r2 , < 22.2r3 (semver) Affected: 22.1r3 , < 22.1r3-s4 (semver) Affected: 21.4r3 , < 21.4r3-s5 (semver) cpe:2.3:o:juniper:junos_os:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
Date Public
2024-07-10 16:00
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CVE-2024-39519 (GCVE-0-2024-39519)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-07-11 15:55 – Updated: 2024-08-02 04:26
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Junos OS Evolved: ACX 7000 Series: Multicast traffic is looped in a multihoming EVPN MPLS scenario
Summary
An Improper Check for Unusual or Exceptional Conditions vulnerability in the Packet Forwarding Engine (PFE) of Juniper Networks Junos OS Evolved on ACX7000 Series allows an unauthenticated, adjacent attacker to cause a
Denial-of-Service (DoS).
On all ACX 7000 Series platforms running
Junos OS Evolved, and configured with IRBs, if a Customer Edge device (CE) device is dual homed to two Provider Edge devices (PE) a traffic loop will occur when the CE sends multicast packets. This issue can be triggered by IPv4 and IPv6 traffic.
This issue affects Junos OS Evolved:
All versions from 22.2R1-EVO and later versions before 22.4R2-EVO,
This issue does not affect Junos OS Evolved versions before 22.1R1-EVO.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-07-11 18:57 UTC
CWE
- CWE-754 - Improper Check for Unusual or Exceptional Conditions
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://supportportal.juniper.net/JSA82983 | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
1 product
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Juniper Networks | Junos OS Evolved |
Affected:
22.1-EVO
(semver)
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Date Public
2024-07-10 16:00
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CVE-2024-39517 (GCVE-0-2024-39517)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-07-10 23:06 – Updated: 2024-08-02 04:26
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved: Upon processing specific L2 traffic, rpd can hang in devices with EVPN/VXLAN configured
Summary
An Improper Check for Unusual or Exceptional Conditions vulnerability in the Layer 2 Address Learning Daemon (l2ald) on Juniper Networks Junos OS and Junos OS Evolved allows an unauthenticated, adjacent attacker to cause Denial of Service (DoS).
In an EVPN/VXLAN scenario, when a high amount specific Layer 2 packets are processed by the device, it can cause the Routing Protocol Daemon (rpd) to utilize all CPU resources which causes the device to hang. A manual restart of the rpd is required to restore services.
This issue affects both IPv4 and IPv6 implementations.
This issue affects
Junos OS:
All versions earlier than 21.4R3-S7;
22.1 versions earlier than 22.1R3-S5;
22.2 versions earlier than 22.2R3-S3;
22.3 versions earlier than 22.3R3-S3;
22.4 versions earlier than 22.4R3-S2;
23.2 versions earlier than 23.2R2;
23.4 versions earlier than 23.4R1-S1.
Junos OS Evolved:
All versions earlier than 21.4R3-S7-EVO;
22.1-EVO versions earlier than 22.1R3-S5-EVO;
22.2-EVO versions earlier than 22.2R3-S3-EVO;
22.3-EVO versions earlier than 22.3R3-S3-EVO;
22.4-EVO versions earlier than 22.4R3-S2-EVO;
23.2-EVO versions earlier than 23.2R2-EVO;
23.4-EVO versions earlier than 23.4R1-S1-EVO, 23.4R2-EVO.
Severity
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: no
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-07-11 13:08 UTC
CWE
- CWE-754 - Improper Check for Unusual or Exceptional Conditions
Assigner
References
1 reference
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://supportportal.juniper.net/JSA79175 | vendor-advisory |
Impacted products
2 products
| Vendor | Product | Version | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Juniper Networks | Junos OS |
Affected:
0 , < 21.2R3-S8
(semver)
Affected: 21.4 , < 21.4R3-S7 (semver) Affected: 22.1 , < 22.1R3-S5 (semver) Affected: 22.2 , < 22.2R3-S3 (semver) Affected: 22.3 , < 22.3R3-S3 (semver) Affected: 22.4 , < 22.4R3-S2 (semver) Affected: 23.2 , < 23.2R2 (semver) Affected: 23.4 , < 23.4R1-S1 (semver) |
|
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Date Public
2024-07-10 16:00
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CVE-2024-38355 (GCVE-0-2024-38355)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-06-19 19:48 – Updated: 2024-09-03 20:35
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Unhandled 'error' event in socket.io
Summary
Socket.IO is an open source, real-time, bidirectional, event-based, communication framework. A specially crafted Socket.IO packet can trigger an uncaught exception on the Socket.IO server, thus killing the Node.js process. This issue is fixed by commit `15af22fc22` which has been included in `socket.io@4.6.2` (released in May 2023). The fix was backported in the 2.x branch as well with commit `d30630ba10`. Users are advised to upgrade. Users unable to upgrade may attach a listener for the "error" event to catch these errors.
Severity
7.3 (High)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-09-03 15:54 UTC
CWE
Assigner
References
4 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/socketio/socket.io/security/ad… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/socketio/socket.io/commit/15af… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/socketio/socket.io/commit/d306… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://www.vicarius.io/vsociety/posts/unhandled-… |
Impacted products
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},
{
"url": "https://www.vicarius.io/vsociety/posts/unhandled-exception-in-socketio-cve-2024-38355"
}
],
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CVE-2024-37151 (GCVE-0-2024-37151)
Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2024-07-11 14:39 – Updated: 2025-11-03 19:30
VLAI
EPSS
VEX
Title
Suricata defrag: IP ID reuse can lead to policy bypass
Summary
Suricata is a network Intrusion Detection System, Intrusion Prevention System and Network Security Monitoring engine.
Mishandling of multiple fragmented packets using the same IP ID value can lead to packet reassembly failure, which can lead to policy bypass. Upgrade to 7.0.6 or 6.0.20. When using af-packet, enable `defrag` to reduce the scope of the problem.
Severity
5.3 (Medium)
SSVC
Exploitation: none
Automatable: yes
Technical Impact: partial
CISA Coordinator · CISA-ADP (v2.0.3)
Decision recorded 2024-07-11 15:59 UTC
CWE
- CWE-754 - Improper Check for Unusual or Exceptional Conditions
Assigner
References
6 references
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://github.com/OISF/suricata/security/advisor… | x_refsource_CONFIRM |
| https://github.com/OISF/suricata/commit/9d5c4273c… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://github.com/OISF/suricata/commit/aab7f35c7… | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://redmine.openinfosecfoundation.org/issues/7041 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://redmine.openinfosecfoundation.org/issues/7042 | x_refsource_MISC |
| https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025… |
Impacted products
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{
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"cpe:2.3:a:oisf:suricata:6.0.0:-:*:*:*:*:*:*"
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]
}
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}
],
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},
"title": "CISA ADP Vulnrichment"
},
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"vendor": "OISF",
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"value": "Suricata is a network Intrusion Detection System, Intrusion Prevention System and Network Security Monitoring engine. \nMishandling of multiple fragmented packets using the same IP ID value can lead to packet reassembly failure, which can lead to policy bypass. Upgrade to 7.0.6 or 6.0.20. When using af-packet, enable `defrag` to reduce the scope of the problem."
}
],
"metrics": [
{
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"attackComplexity": "LOW",
"attackVector": "NETWORK",
"availabilityImpact": "NONE",
"baseScore": 5.3,
"baseSeverity": "MEDIUM",
"confidentialityImpact": "NONE",
"integrityImpact": "LOW",
"privilegesRequired": "NONE",
"scope": "UNCHANGED",
"userInteraction": "NONE",
"vectorString": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"version": "3.1"
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"description": "CWE-754: Improper Check for Unusual or Exceptional Conditions",
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"source": {
"advisory": "GHSA-qrp7-g66m-px24",
"discovery": "UNKNOWN"
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"title": "Suricata defrag: IP ID reuse can lead to policy bypass"
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"cveMetadata": {
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"dateUpdated": "2025-11-03T19:30:13.398Z",
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Mitigation MIT-3
Requirements
Strategy: Language Selection
- Use a language that does not allow this weakness to occur or provides constructs that make this weakness easier to avoid.
- Choose languages with features such as exception handling that force the programmer to anticipate unusual conditions that may generate exceptions. Custom exceptions may need to be developed to handle unusual business-logic conditions. Be careful not to pass sensitive exceptions back to the user (CWE-209, CWE-248).
Mitigation
Implementation
Check the results of all functions that return a value and verify that the value is expected.
Mitigation
Implementation
If using exception handling, catch and throw specific exceptions instead of overly-general exceptions (CWE-396, CWE-397). Catch and handle exceptions as locally as possible so that exceptions do not propagate too far up the call stack (CWE-705). Avoid unchecked or uncaught exceptions where feasible (CWE-248).
Mitigation MIT-39
Implementation
- Ensure that error messages only contain minimal details that are useful to the intended audience and no one else. The messages need to strike the balance between being too cryptic (which can confuse users) or being too detailed (which may reveal more than intended). The messages should not reveal the methods that were used to determine the error. Attackers can use detailed information to refine or optimize their original attack, thereby increasing their chances of success.
- If errors must be captured in some detail, record them in log messages, but consider what could occur if the log messages can be viewed by attackers. Highly sensitive information such as passwords should never be saved to log files.
- Avoid inconsistent messaging that might accidentally tip off an attacker about internal state, such as whether a user account exists or not.
- Exposing additional information to a potential attacker in the context of an exceptional condition can help the attacker determine what attack vectors are most likely to succeed beyond DoS.
Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
Mitigation MIT-38
Architecture and Design
Implementation
If the program must fail, ensure that it fails gracefully (fails closed). There may be a temptation to simply let the program fail poorly in cases such as low memory conditions, but an attacker may be able to assert control before the software has fully exited. Alternately, an uncontrolled failure could cause cascading problems with other downstream components; for example, the program could send a signal to a downstream process so the process immediately knows that a problem has occurred and has a better chance of recovery.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Use system limits, which should help to prevent resource exhaustion. However, the product should still handle low resource conditions since they may still occur.
No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.