Common Weakness Enumeration
CWE-601
AllowedURL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The web application accepts a user-controlled input that specifies a link to an external site, and uses that link in a redirect.
2310 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-F8MP-8R5C-5PW4
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-01-27 21:30 – Updated: 2025-01-28 21:31
VLAI
Details
An issue in Che Hao Duo Used Automobile Agency (Beijing) Co., Ltd Guazi Used Car iOS 10.15.1 allows attackers to access sensitive user information via supplying a crafted link.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-56964"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-01-27T19:15:17Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An issue in Che Hao Duo Used Automobile Agency (Beijing) Co., Ltd Guazi Used Car iOS 10.15.1 allows attackers to access sensitive user information via supplying a crafted link.",
"id": "GHSA-f8mp-8r5c-5pw4",
"modified": "2025-01-28T21:31:02Z",
"published": "2025-01-27T21:30:54Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-56964"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ZhouZiyi1/Vuls/blob/main/241229-GuaziUsedCar/241229-GuaziUsedCar.pdf"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-F92X-C56C-PF59
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-03-27 12:30 – Updated: 2026-04-01 18:34
VLAI
Details
URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect') vulnerability in ali2woo AliNext allows Phishing. This issue affects AliNext: from n/a through 3.5.1.
Severity
4.7 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-30859"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-03-27T11:15:46Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "URL Redirection to Untrusted Site (\u0027Open Redirect\u0027) vulnerability in ali2woo AliNext allows Phishing. This issue affects AliNext: from n/a through 3.5.1.",
"id": "GHSA-f92x-c56c-pf59",
"modified": "2026-04-01T18:34:08Z",
"published": "2025-03-27T12:30:39Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-30859"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/ali2woo-lite/vulnerability/wordpress-alinext-plugin-3-5-1-open-redirection-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-F948-372F-WC53
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-06-06 15:30 – Updated: 2026-04-01 18:35
VLAI
Details
URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect') vulnerability in CRM Perks WP Gravity Forms Constant Contact Plugin allows Phishing. This issue affects WP Gravity Forms Constant Contact Plugin: from n/a through 1.1.0.
Severity
4.7 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-30954"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-06-06T13:15:36Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "URL Redirection to Untrusted Site (\u0027Open Redirect\u0027) vulnerability in CRM Perks WP Gravity Forms Constant Contact Plugin allows Phishing. This issue affects WP Gravity Forms Constant Contact Plugin: from n/a through 1.1.0.",
"id": "GHSA-f948-372f-wc53",
"modified": "2026-04-01T18:35:20Z",
"published": "2025-06-06T15:30:48Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-30954"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/gf-constant-contact/vulnerability/wordpress-wp-gravity-forms-constant-contact-plugin-1-1-0-open-redirection-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-F9FQ-78CH-4WMJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-11-02 19:00 – Updated: 2025-05-02 21:57
VLAI
Summary
Apache Airflow Open Redirect vulnerability
Details
In Apache Airflow versions prior to 2.4.2, there was an open redirect in the webserver's /confirm endpoint.
Severity
6.1 (Medium)
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "apache-airflow"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "2.4.2rc1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-43985"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2022-11-03T18:12:26Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2022-11-02T12:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "In Apache Airflow versions prior to 2.4.2, there was an open redirect in the webserver\u0027s `/confirm` endpoint.",
"id": "GHSA-f9fq-78ch-4wmj",
"modified": "2025-05-02T21:57:32Z",
"published": "2022-11-02T19:00:32Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-43985"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/apache/airflow/pull/27143"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/apache/airflow/commit/9fb4814d29d934cef3b02fb3b2547f9fb76aaa97"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/apache/airflow"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/apache-airflow/PYSEC-2022-42971.yaml"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread/m13y9s5kw92fw9l8j4qd85h0txp4kfcq"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:N/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "Apache Airflow Open Redirect vulnerability"
}
GHSA-F9Q6-69FH-4W5W
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 02:58 – Updated: 2024-09-20 20:00
VLAI
Summary
flask-oidc Open Redirect vulnerability
Details
flask-oidc version 0.1.2 and earlier is vulnerable to an open redirect.
Severity
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "flask-oidc"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "1.0.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2016-1000001"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2024-04-29T16:50:15Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2016-10-07T18:59:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "flask-oidc version 0.1.2 and earlier is vulnerable to an open redirect.",
"id": "GHSA-f9q6-69fh-4w5w",
"modified": "2024-09-20T20:00:49Z",
"published": "2022-05-17T02:58:43Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-1000001"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/puiterwijk/flask-oidc/commit/f2ef8b4ffa445be00f6602e446e60916f4ee4d30"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/puiterwijk/flask-oidc"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/puiterwijk/flask-oidc/blob/master/flask_oidc/__init__.py#L293"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/flask-oidc/PYSEC-2016-25.yaml"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:H/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "flask-oidc Open Redirect vulnerability"
}
GHSA-F9WG-5F46-CJMW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-04-22 20:49 – Updated: 2022-04-22 20:49
VLAI
Summary
NextAuth.js default redirect callback vulnerable to open redirects
Details
next-auth v3 users before version 3.29.2 are impacted. (We recommend upgrading to v4 in most cases. See our migration guide).next-auth v4 users before version 4.3.2 are impacted. Upgrading to 3.29.2 or 4.3.2 will patch this vulnerability. If you are not able to upgrade for any reason, you can add a configuration to your callbacks option:
// async redirect(url, baseUrl) { // v3
async redirect({ url, baseUrl }) { // v4
// Allows relative callback URLs
if (url.startsWith("/")) return new URL(url, baseUrl).toString()
// Allows callback URLs on the same origin
else if (new URL(url).origin === baseUrl) return url
return baseUrl
}
If you already have a redirect callback, make sure that you match the incoming url origin against the baseUrl.
Severity
6.1 (Medium)
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "next-auth"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "3.29.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "npm",
"name": "next-auth"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "4.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "4.3.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-24858"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-290",
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2022-04-22T20:49:09Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2022-04-19T23:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "`next-auth` v3 users before version 3.29.2 are impacted. (We recommend upgrading to v4 in most cases. See our [migration guide](https://next-auth.js.org/getting-started/upgrade-v4)).`next-auth` v4 users before version 4.3.2 are impacted. Upgrading to 3.29.2 or 4.3.2 will patch this vulnerability. If you are not able to upgrade for any reason, you can add a configuration to your `callbacks` option:\n\n```js\n// async redirect(url, baseUrl) { // v3\nasync redirect({ url, baseUrl }) { // v4\n // Allows relative callback URLs\n if (url.startsWith(\"/\")) return new URL(url, baseUrl).toString()\n // Allows callback URLs on the same origin\n else if (new URL(url).origin === baseUrl) return url\n return baseUrl\n}\n```\nIf you already have a `redirect` callback, make sure that you match the incoming `url` origin against the `baseUrl`.",
"id": "GHSA-f9wg-5f46-cjmw",
"modified": "2022-04-22T20:49:09Z",
"published": "2022-04-22T20:49:09Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/nextauthjs/next-auth/security/advisories/GHSA-f9wg-5f46-cjmw"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-24858"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/nextauthjs/next-auth/commit/6e15bdcb2d93c1ad5ee3889f702607637e79db50"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/nextauthjs/next-auth"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/nextauthjs/next-auth/releases/tag/next-auth%40v4.3.2"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://next-auth.js.org/configuration/callbacks#redirect-callback"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://next-auth.js.org/getting-started/upgrade-v4"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "NextAuth.js default redirect callback vulnerable to open redirects"
}
GHSA-FC8G-5X2C-P65R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-24 15:30 – Updated: 2025-12-24 18:30
VLAI
Details
An open redirect vulnerability in the login endpoint of Blitz Panel v1.17.0 allows attackers to redirect users to malicious domains via a crafted URL. This issue affects the next_url parameter in the login endpoint and could lead to phishing or token theft after successful authentication.
Severity
6.5 (Medium)
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-60935"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-12-24T15:16:01Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An open redirect vulnerability in the login endpoint of Blitz Panel v1.17.0 allows attackers to redirect users to malicious domains via a crafted URL. This issue affects the next_url parameter in the login endpoint and could lead to phishing or token theft after successful authentication.",
"id": "GHSA-fc8g-5x2c-p65r",
"modified": "2025-12-24T18:30:22Z",
"published": "2025-12-24T15:30:44Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-60935"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gist.github.com/HEXER365/2e866b47d56585e1e59e7c16bf4b4db7"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/ReturnFI/Blitz"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-FCG4-PM6H-9XX2
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-01-16 12:30 – Updated: 2025-04-07 19:49
VLAI
Summary
Apache Superset Open Redirect vulnerability
Details
An authenticated attacker with update datasets permission could change a dataset link to an untrusted site, users could be redirected to this site when clicking on that specific dataset. This issue affects Apache Superset version 1.5.2 and prior versions and version 2.0.0.
Severity
5.4 (Medium)
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "apache-superset"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"last_affected": "1.5.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "PyPI",
"name": "apache-superset"
},
"versions": [
"2.0.0"
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-43721"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2023-01-20T16:24:43Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2023-01-16T11:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "An authenticated attacker with update datasets permission could change a dataset link to an untrusted site, users could be redirected to this site when clicking on that specific dataset. This issue affects Apache Superset version 1.5.2 and prior versions and version 2.0.0.",
"id": "GHSA-fcg4-pm6h-9xx2",
"modified": "2025-04-07T19:49:29Z",
"published": "2023-01-16T12:30:17Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-43721"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/apache/superset"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread/s6sqt5jmcv6qxtvdot1t5tpt57v439kg"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Apache Superset Open Redirect vulnerability"
}
GHSA-FCGG-QGXG-2G2X
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 01:36 – Updated: 2024-09-13 19:33
VLAI
Summary
EC-CUBE Open redirect vulnerability
Details
Open redirect vulnerability in EC-CUBE (EC-CUBE 3.0.0, EC-CUBE 3.0.1, EC-CUBE 3.0.2, EC-CUBE 3.0.3, EC-CUBE 3.0.4, EC-CUBE 3.0.5, EC-CUBE 3.0.6, EC-CUBE 3.0.7, EC-CUBE 3.0.8, EC-CUBE 3.0.9, EC-CUBE 3.0.10, EC-CUBE 3.0.11, EC-CUBE 3.0.12, EC-CUBE 3.0.12-p1, EC-CUBE 3.0.13, EC-CUBE 3.0.14, EC-CUBE 3.0.15, EC-CUBE 3.0.16) allows remote attackers to redirect users to arbitrary web sites and conduct phishing attacks via unspecified vectors.
Severity
6.1 (Medium)
{
"affected": [
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 3.0.16"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "ec-cube/ec-cube"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "3.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "3.0.17"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-16191"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2024-04-25T20:40:54Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2019-01-09T23:29:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "Open redirect vulnerability in EC-CUBE (EC-CUBE 3.0.0, EC-CUBE 3.0.1, EC-CUBE 3.0.2, EC-CUBE 3.0.3, EC-CUBE 3.0.4, EC-CUBE 3.0.5, EC-CUBE 3.0.6, EC-CUBE 3.0.7, EC-CUBE 3.0.8, EC-CUBE 3.0.9, EC-CUBE 3.0.10, EC-CUBE 3.0.11, EC-CUBE 3.0.12, EC-CUBE 3.0.12-p1, EC-CUBE 3.0.13, EC-CUBE 3.0.14, EC-CUBE 3.0.15, EC-CUBE 3.0.16) allows remote attackers to redirect users to arbitrary web sites and conduct phishing attacks via unspecified vectors.",
"id": "GHSA-fcgg-qgxg-2g2x",
"modified": "2024-09-13T19:33:37Z",
"published": "2022-05-14T01:36:14Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-16191"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/EC-CUBE/ec-cube"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://jvn.jp/en/jp/JVN25359688/index.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.ec-cube.net/info/weakness/20181113"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/106545"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "EC-CUBE Open redirect vulnerability"
}
GHSA-FF4Q-64JC-GX98
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-07-31 15:28 – Updated: 2024-07-31 19:57
VLAI
Summary
IdentityServer Open Redirect vulnerability
Details
Impact
It is possible for an attacker to craft malicious Urls that certain functions in IdentityServer will incorrectly treat as local and trusted. If such a Url is returned as a redirect, some browsers will follow it to a third-party, untrusted site.
Note: by itself, this vulnerability does not allow an attacker to obtain user credentials, authorization codes, access tokens, refresh tokens, or identity tokens. An attacker could however exploit this vulnerability as part of a phishing attack designed to steal user credentials.
Affected Methods
- In the
DefaultIdentityServerInteractionService, theGetAuthorizationContextAsyncmethod may return non-null and theIsValidReturnUrlmethod may return true for malicious Urls, indicating incorrectly that they can be safely redirected to.
UI code calling these two methods is the most commonly used code path that will expose the vulnerability. The default UI templates rely on this behavior in the Login, Challenge, Consent, and Account Creation pages. Customized user interface code might also rely on this behavior. The following uncommonly used APIs are also vulnerable:
- The
ServerUrlExtensions.GetIdentityServerRelativeUrl,ReturnUrlParser.ParseAsyncandOidcReturnUrlParser.ParseAsyncmethods may incorrectly return non-null, and theReturnUrlParser.IsValidReturnUrlandOidcReturnUrlParser.IsValidReturnUrlmethods may incorrectly return true for malicious Urls.
Patches
This vulnerability is fixed in the following versions of Duende.IdentityServer: - 7.0.6 - 6.3.10 - 6.2.5 - 6.1.8 - 6.0.5
Duende.IdentityServer 5.1 and earlier and all versions of IdentityServer4 are no longer supported and will not be receiving updates.
Workarounds
If upgrading is not possible, use IUrlHelper.IsLocalUrl from ASP.NET Core 5.0 or later to validate return Urls in user interface code in the IdentityServer host.
Severity
4.7 (Medium)
{
"affected": [
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 7.0.5"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Duende.IdentityServer"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "7.0.0-preview.1"
},
{
"fixed": "7.0.6"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 6.3.9"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Duende.IdentityServer"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "6.3.0-preview.1"
},
{
"fixed": "6.3.10"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 6.2.4"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Duende.IdentityServer"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "6.2.0-preview.1"
},
{
"fixed": "6.2.5"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 6.1.7"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Duende.IdentityServer"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "6.1.0-preview.1"
},
{
"fixed": "6.1.8"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 6.0.4"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "Duende.IdentityServer"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "6.0.0-preview.1"
},
{
"fixed": "6.0.5"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "NuGet",
"name": "IdentityServer4"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"last_affected": "4.1.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-39694"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-601"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2024-07-31T15:28:54Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2024-07-31T16:15:04Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "### Impact\nIt is possible for an attacker to craft malicious Urls that certain functions in IdentityServer will incorrectly treat as local and trusted. If such a Url is returned as a redirect, some browsers will follow it to a third-party, untrusted site.\n\n_Note: by itself, this vulnerability does **not** allow an attacker to obtain user credentials, authorization codes, access tokens, refresh tokens, or identity tokens. An attacker could however exploit this vulnerability as part of a phishing attack designed to steal user credentials._\n\n### Affected Methods\n- In the `DefaultIdentityServerInteractionService`, the `GetAuthorizationContextAsync` method may return non-null and the `IsValidReturnUrl` method may return true for malicious Urls, indicating incorrectly that they can be safely redirected to.\n\n _UI code calling these two methods is the most commonly used code path that will expose the vulnerability. The default UI templates rely on this behavior in the Login, Challenge, Consent, and Account Creation pages. Customized user interface code might also rely on this behavior. The following uncommonly used APIs are also vulnerable:_\n\n- The `ServerUrlExtensions.GetIdentityServerRelativeUrl`, `ReturnUrlParser.ParseAsync` and `OidcReturnUrlParser.ParseAsync` methods may incorrectly return non-null, and the `ReturnUrlParser.IsValidReturnUrl` and `OidcReturnUrlParser.IsValidReturnUrl` methods may incorrectly return true for malicious Urls.\n\n### Patches\nThis vulnerability is fixed in the following versions of Duende.IdentityServer:\n- 7.0.6\n- 6.3.10\n- 6.2.5\n- 6.1.8\n- 6.0.5\n\nDuende.IdentityServer 5.1 and earlier and all versions of IdentityServer4 are no longer supported and will not be receiving updates. \n\n### Workarounds\n\nIf upgrading is not possible, use `IUrlHelper.IsLocalUrl` from ASP.NET Core 5.0 or later to validate return Urls in user interface code in the IdentityServer host. ",
"id": "GHSA-ff4q-64jc-gx98",
"modified": "2024-07-31T19:57:30Z",
"published": "2024-07-31T15:28:54Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/DuendeSoftware/IdentityServer/security/advisories/GHSA-ff4q-64jc-gx98"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/IdentityServer/IdentityServer4/security/advisories/GHSA-55p7-v223-x366"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-39694"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/DuendeSoftware/IdentityServer/commit/269ca2171fe1e901c87f2f0797bbc7c230db87c6"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/DuendeSoftware/IdentityServer/commit/765116a2d4fb0671b6eba015e698533900c61c8e"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/DuendeSoftware/IdentityServer/commit/d0d8eab35ad9183b14925496803ed8b36658d0a1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/DuendeSoftware/IdentityServer/commit/f04cf0be859b93f43563f8f812eb92206ad94011"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/DuendeSoftware/IdentityServer/commit/fe817b499933d6ed6141b153492d7335c28b184a"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/DuendeSoftware/IdentityServer"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:L/VI:N/VA:N/SC:L/SI:N/SA:N",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "IdentityServer Open Redirect vulnerability"
}
Mitigation MIT-5
Implementation
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- Use a list of approved URLs or domains to be used for redirection.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Use an intermediate disclaimer page that provides the user with a clear warning that they are leaving the current site. Implement a long timeout before the redirect occurs, or force the user to click on the link. Be careful to avoid XSS problems (CWE-79) when generating the disclaimer page.
Mitigation MIT-21.2
Architecture and Design
Strategy: Enforcement by Conversion
- When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs.
- For example, ID 1 could map to "/login.asp" and ID 2 could map to "http://www.example.com/". Features such as the ESAPI AccessReferenceMap [REF-45] provide this capability.
Mitigation
Architecture and Design
Ensure that no externally-supplied requests are honored by requiring that all redirect requests include a unique nonce generated by the application [REF-483]. Be sure that the nonce is not predictable (CWE-330).
Mitigation MIT-6
Architecture and Design
Implementation
Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction
- Understand all the potential areas where untrusted inputs can enter your software: parameters or arguments, cookies, anything read from the network, environment variables, reverse DNS lookups, query results, request headers, URL components, e-mail, files, filenames, databases, and any external systems that provide data to the application. Remember that such inputs may be obtained indirectly through API calls.
- Many open redirect problems occur because the programmer assumed that certain inputs could not be modified, such as cookies and hidden form fields.
Mitigation MIT-29
Operation
Strategy: Firewall
Use an application firewall that can detect attacks against this weakness. It can be beneficial in cases in which the code cannot be fixed (because it is controlled by a third party), as an emergency prevention measure while more comprehensive software assurance measures are applied, or to provide defense in depth [REF-1481].
CAPEC-178: Cross-Site Flashing
An attacker is able to trick the victim into executing a Flash document that passes commands or calls to a Flash player browser plugin, allowing the attacker to exploit native Flash functionality in the client browser. This attack pattern occurs where an attacker can provide a crafted link to a Flash document (SWF file) which, when followed, will cause additional malicious instructions to be executed. The attacker does not need to serve or control the Flash document. The attack takes advantage of the fact that Flash files can reference external URLs. If variables that serve as URLs that the Flash application references can be controlled through parameters, then by creating a link that includes values for those parameters, an attacker can cause arbitrary content to be referenced and possibly executed by the targeted Flash application.