Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-552

Allowed

Files or Directories Accessible to External Parties

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product makes files or directories accessible to unauthorized actors, even though they should not be.

670 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-FXC4-GGQH-5WG4

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:03 – Updated: 2022-08-06 00:00
VLAI
Details

It has been discovered that redhat-certification does not restrict file access in the /update/results page. A remote attacker could use this vulnerability to remove any file accessible by the user which is running httpd. This flaw affects redhat-certification version 7.

Severity
9.1 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2018-10867"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-552"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-05-26T19:15:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "It has been discovered that redhat-certification does not restrict file access in the /update/results page. A remote attacker could use this vulnerability to remove any file accessible by the user which is running httpd. This flaw affects redhat-certification version 7.",
  "id": "GHSA-fxc4-ggqh-5wg4",
  "modified": "2022-08-06T00:00:44Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T19:03:19Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-10867"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2018-10867"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1593764"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-G39V-CVJH-8FPF

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-05-14 20:17 – Updated: 2026-05-14 20:17
VLAI
Summary
Home Assistant MCP Server: YAML config backups written under www/ are served unauthenticated at /local/
Details

Summary

When ENABLE_YAML_CONFIG_EDITING=true, every ha_config_set_yaml call backs up the pre-edit file to <config>/www/yaml_backups/, which Home Assistant serves at /local/ with no authentication. Anyone who can reach the HA web interface can download the most recent pre-edit configuration.yaml (or other YAML file) — typically containing plaintext MQTT passwords, REST credentials, webhook IDs, geofence coordinates, and shell_command definitions — with zero credentials.

Details

The backup feature is good — do_backup defaults to True and protects users from a bad edit. The issue is the location:

  • custom_components/ha_mcp_tools/__init__.py:596 — backup_dir = config_dir / "www" / "yaml_backups"
  • custom_components/ha_mcp_tools/__init__.py:602 — backup_file = backup_dir / f"{safe_name}.{timestamp}.bak"
  • custom_components/ha_mcp_tools/__init__.py:606-607,692-693 — backup path returned to caller and logged at INFO

<config>/www/ is /local/ and HA serves it unauthenticated by design (intended for static dashboard assets). An attacker discovers the path three ways: (1) it's returned to the MCP client in result["backup_path"]; (2) it's logged at INFO and recoverable via ha_get_logs; (3) the timestamp format is %Y%m%d_%H%M%S — 86,400 candidates per day, enumerable. Backups accumulate (no rotation), so a long-running install holds a chronological history.

Preconditions: ENABLE_YAML_CONFIG_EDITING=true (off by default), at least one YAML edit made, and the attacker can reach HA's port 8123 (LAN, or internet via Nabu Casa / reverse proxy).

PoC

A pytest E2E test against a fresh Docker HA container with the custom component installed (using the project's existing ha_container_with_fresh_config fixture):

[1] ha_config_set_yaml(yaml_path="template", action="add", ...) → success=True
[1] backup_path = 'www/yaml_backups/configuration.yaml.20260505_171335.bak'
[2] GET http://<ha>:8123/local/yaml_backups/configuration.yaml.20260505_171335.bak
    (no Authorization header)
[2] HTTP 200, 440 bytes — the full pre-edit configuration.yaml
[control] GET /api/config without auth → HTTP 401

The control proves the result is meaningful: the same instance returns 401 for an authenticated endpoint; only /local/ is unauthenticated by HA design.

Impact

CWE-552 (Files or Directories Accessible to External Parties). Affects users with ENABLE_YAML_CONFIG_EDITING=true who have made at least one YAML edit. Anyone who can reach HA port 8123 reads the most recent pre-edit config without credentials. CVSS 6.5 medium (AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N); 7.5 high if HA is internet-exposed.

Resolution

Fixed in 7.4.1.dev456 (PR #1180). The fix relocates new backups to <config>/.ha_mcp_tools_backups/ (config root, not served by /local/) and adds a one-time migration on integration setup that moves any pre-existing exposed backups, surfaces a persistent notification telling the user to rotate exposed secrets, and removes the legacy directory if empty.

The fix ships in the next biweekly stable release and is available immediately on the dev channel. Updating to a release containing the fix is sufficient — no manual action required for users who upgrade.

Manual cleanup (for users who cannot upgrade yet)

If you used ha_config_set_yaml on a vulnerable version and cannot wait for the next stable release, manually remove the exposed backups:

rm -rf <config>/www/yaml_backups/

Then rotate any secrets that may have been in the YAML files those backups captured (MQTT/REST credentials, webhook IDs, shell_command definitions, geofence coordinates). The directory is reachable at http(s)://<ha-host>:8123/local/yaml_backups/ until removed. After the next addon/package upgrade containing the fix, the integration will run this cleanup automatically and surface a persistent notification with the same rotation guidance.

Severity
6.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "ha-mcp"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "7.5.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-552"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-05-14T20:17:23Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "### Summary\n\nWhen `ENABLE_YAML_CONFIG_EDITING=true`, every `ha_config_set_yaml` call backs up the pre-edit file to `\u003cconfig\u003e/www/yaml_backups/`, which Home Assistant serves at `/local/` with **no authentication**. Anyone who can reach the HA web interface can download the most recent pre-edit `configuration.yaml` (or other YAML file) \u2014 typically containing plaintext MQTT passwords, REST credentials, webhook IDs, geofence coordinates, and `shell_command` definitions \u2014 with zero credentials.\n\n### Details\n\nThe backup feature is good \u2014 `do_backup` defaults to `True` and protects users from a bad edit. The issue is the location:\n\n- `custom_components/ha_mcp_tools/__init__.py:596` \u2014 `backup_dir = config_dir / \"www\" / \"yaml_backups\"`\n- `custom_components/ha_mcp_tools/__init__.py:602` \u2014 `backup_file = backup_dir / f\"{safe_name}.{timestamp}.bak\"`\n- `custom_components/ha_mcp_tools/__init__.py:606-607,692-693` \u2014 backup path returned to caller and logged at INFO\n\n`\u003cconfig\u003e/www/` is `/local/` and HA serves it unauthenticated by design (intended for static dashboard assets). An attacker discovers the path three ways: (1) it\u0027s returned to the MCP client in `result[\"backup_path\"]`; (2) it\u0027s logged at INFO and recoverable via `ha_get_logs`; (3) the timestamp format is `%Y%m%d_%H%M%S` \u2014 86,400 candidates per day, enumerable. Backups accumulate (no rotation), so a long-running install holds a chronological history.\n\n**Preconditions:** `ENABLE_YAML_CONFIG_EDITING=true` (off by default), at least one YAML edit made, and the attacker can reach HA\u0027s port 8123 (LAN, or internet via Nabu Casa / reverse proxy).\n\n### PoC\n\nA pytest E2E test against a fresh Docker HA container with the custom component installed (using the project\u0027s existing `ha_container_with_fresh_config` fixture):\n\n```\n[1] ha_config_set_yaml(yaml_path=\"template\", action=\"add\", ...) \u2192 success=True\n[1] backup_path = \u0027www/yaml_backups/configuration.yaml.20260505_171335.bak\u0027\n[2] GET http://\u003cha\u003e:8123/local/yaml_backups/configuration.yaml.20260505_171335.bak\n    (no Authorization header)\n[2] HTTP 200, 440 bytes \u2014 the full pre-edit configuration.yaml\n[control] GET /api/config without auth \u2192 HTTP 401\n```\n\nThe control proves the result is meaningful: the same instance returns 401 for an authenticated endpoint; only `/local/` is unauthenticated by HA design.\n\n### Impact\n\nCWE-552 (Files or Directories Accessible to External Parties). Affects users with `ENABLE_YAML_CONFIG_EDITING=true` who have made at least one YAML edit. Anyone who can reach HA port 8123 reads the most recent pre-edit config without credentials. CVSS 6.5 medium (`AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N`); 7.5 high if HA is internet-exposed.\n\n### Resolution\n\nFixed in `7.4.1.dev456` (PR #1180). The fix relocates new backups to `\u003cconfig\u003e/.ha_mcp_tools_backups/` (config root, not served by `/local/`) and adds a one-time migration on integration setup that moves any pre-existing exposed backups, surfaces a persistent notification telling the user to rotate exposed secrets, and removes the legacy directory if empty.\n\nThe fix ships in the next biweekly stable release and is available immediately on the dev channel. Updating to a release containing the fix is sufficient \u2014 no manual action required for users who upgrade.\n\n### Manual cleanup (for users who cannot upgrade yet)\n\nIf you used `ha_config_set_yaml` on a vulnerable version and cannot wait for the next stable release, manually remove the exposed backups:\n\n```\nrm -rf \u003cconfig\u003e/www/yaml_backups/\n```\n\nThen rotate any secrets that may have been in the YAML files those backups captured (MQTT/REST credentials, webhook IDs, `shell_command` definitions, geofence coordinates). The directory is reachable at `http(s)://\u003cha-host\u003e:8123/local/yaml_backups/` until removed. After the next addon/package upgrade containing the fix, the integration will run this cleanup automatically and surface a persistent notification with the same rotation guidance.",
  "id": "GHSA-g39v-cvjh-8fpf",
  "modified": "2026-05-14T20:17:23Z",
  "published": "2026-05-14T20:17:23Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/homeassistant-ai/ha-mcp/security/advisories/GHSA-g39v-cvjh-8fpf"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/homeassistant-ai/ha-mcp/pull/1180"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/homeassistant-ai/ha-mcp/commit/09c524526b5f945638aa97de6218fadcd233023c"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/homeassistant-ai/ha-mcp"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/homeassistant-ai/ha-mcp/releases/tag/v7.4.1.dev456"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/homeassistant-ai/ha-mcp/releases/tag/v7.5.0"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Home Assistant MCP Server: YAML config backups written under www/ are served unauthenticated at /local/"
}

GHSA-G3CQ-F9XX-GC5G

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-12 15:30 – Updated: 2026-04-12 15:30
VLAI
Details

CF Image Hosting Script 1.6.5 allows unauthenticated attackers to download and decode the application database by accessing the imgdb.db file in the upload/data directory. Attackers can extract delete IDs stored in plaintext from the deserialized database and use them to delete all pictures via the d parameter.

Severity
9.8 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
9.3 (Critical)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-25709"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-552"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-04-12T13:16:33Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "CF Image Hosting Script 1.6.5 allows unauthenticated attackers to download and decode the application database by accessing the imgdb.db file in the upload/data directory. Attackers can extract delete IDs stored in plaintext from the deserialized database and use them to delete all pictures via the d parameter.",
  "id": "GHSA-g3cq-f9xx-gc5g",
  "modified": "2026-04-12T15:30:27Z",
  "published": "2026-04-12T15:30:27Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-25709"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://davidtavarez.github.io"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/46094"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/cf-image-hosting-script-unauthorized-database-access"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://forum.codefuture.co.uk/showthread.php?tid=73141"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-G3PR-2XQQ-VJ3C

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-04-09 12:30 – Updated: 2025-04-09 12:30
VLAI
Details

CWE-552: Files or Directories Accessible to External Parties vulnerability over https exists that could leak information and potential privilege escalation following man in the middle attack.

Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
8.2 (High)
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-2222"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-552"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-04-09T11:15:42Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "CWE-552: Files or Directories Accessible to External Parties vulnerability over https exists that could leak\ninformation and potential privilege escalation following man in the middle attack.",
  "id": "GHSA-g3pr-2xqq-vj3c",
  "modified": "2025-04-09T12:30:24Z",
  "published": "2025-04-09T12:30:24Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-2222"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://download.schneider-electric.com/files?p_Doc_Ref=SEVD-2025-098-01\u0026p_enDocType=Security+and+Safety+Notice\u0026p_File_Name=SEVD-2025-098-01.pdf"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-G3WG-6MCF-8JJ6

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2020-11-04 17:50 – Updated: 2023-11-27 23:07
VLAI
Summary
Local Temp Directory Hijacking Vulnerability
Details

Impact

On Unix like systems, the system's temporary directory is shared between all users on that system. A collocated user can observe the process of creating a temporary sub directory in the shared temporary directory and race to complete the creation of the temporary subdirectory. If the attacker wins the race then they will have read and write permission to the subdirectory used to unpack web applications, including their WEB-INF/lib jar files and JSP files. If any code is ever executed out of this temporary directory, this can lead to a local privilege escalation vulnerability.

Additionally, any user code uses of WebAppContext::getTempDirectory would similarly be vulnerable.

Additionally, any user application code using the ServletContext attribute for the tempdir will also be impacted. See: https://javaee.github.io/javaee-spec/javadocs/javax/servlet/ServletContext.html#TEMPDIR

For example:

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.ServletContext;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

public class ExampleServlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        File tempDir = (File)getServletContext().getAttribute(ServletContext.TEMPDIR); // Potentially compromised
        // do something with that temp dir
    }
}

Example: The JSP library itself will use the container temp directory for compiling the JSP source into Java classes before executing them.

CVSSv3.1 Evaluation

This vulnerability has been calculated to have a CVSSv3.1 score of 7.8/10 (AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H)

Patches

Fixes were applied to the 9.4.x branch with: - https://github.com/eclipse/jetty.project/commit/53e0e0e9b25a6309bf24ee3b10984f4145701edb - https://github.com/eclipse/jetty.project/commit/9ad6beb80543b392c91653f6bfce233fc75b9d5f

These will be included in releases: 9.4.33, 10.0.0.beta3, 11.0.0.beta3

Workarounds

A work around is to set a temporary directory, either for the server or the context, to a directory outside of the shared temporary file system. For recent releases, a temporary directory can be created simple by creating a directory called work in the ${jetty.base} directory (the parent directory of the webapps directory). Alternately the java temporary directory can be set with the System Property java.io.tmpdir. A more detailed description of how jetty selects a temporary directory is below.

The Jetty search order for finding a temporary directory is as follows:

  1. If the WebAppContext has a temp directory specified, use it.
  2. If the ServletContext has the javax.servlet.context.tempdir attribute set, and if directory exists, use it.
  3. If a ${jetty.base}/work directory exists, use it (since Jetty 9.1)
  4. If a ServletContext has the org.eclipse.jetty.webapp.basetempdir attribute set, and if the directory exists, use it.
  5. Use System.getProperty("java.io.tmpdir") and use it.

Jetty will end traversal at the first successful step. To mitigate this vulnerability the directory must be set to one that is not writable by an attacker. To avoid information leakage, the directory should also not be readable by an attacker.

Setting a Jetty server temporary directory.

Choices 3 and 5 apply to the server level, and will impact all deployed webapps on the server.

For choice 3 just create that work directory underneath your ${jetty.base} and restart Jetty.

For choice 5, just specify your own java.io.tmpdir when you start the JVM for Jetty.

[jetty-distribution]$ java -Djava.io.tmpdir=/var/web/work -jar start.jar

Setting a Context specific temporary directory.

The rest of the choices require you to configure the context for that deployed webapp (seen as ${jetty.base}/webapps/<context>.xml)

Example (excluding the DTD which is version specific):

<Configure class="org.eclipse.jetty.webapp.WebAppContext">
  <Set name="contextPath"><Property name="foo"/></Set>
  <Set name="war">/var/web/webapps/foo.war</Set>
  <Set name="tempDirectory">/var/web/work/foo</Set>
</Configure>

References

Similar Vulnerabilities

Similar, but not the same.

  • JUnit 4 - https://github.com/junit-team/junit4/security/advisories/GHSA-269g-pwp5-87pp
  • Google Guava - https://github.com/google/guava/issues/4011
  • Apache Ant - https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-1945
  • JetBrains Kotlin Compiler - https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-15824

For more information

The original report of this vulnerability is below:

On Thu, 15 Oct 2020 at 21:14, Jonathan Leitschuh jonathan.leitschuh@gmail.com wrote: Hi WebTide Security Team,

I'm a security researcher writing some custom CodeQL queries to find Local Temporary Directory Hijacking Vulnerabilities. One of my queries flagged an issue in Jetty.

https://lgtm.com/query/5615014766184643449/

I've recently been looking into security vulnerabilities involving the temporary directory because on unix-like systems, the system temporary directory is shared between all users. There exists a race condition between the deletion of the temporary file and the creation of the directory.

java // ensure file will always be unique by appending random digits tmpDir = File.createTempFile(temp, ".dir", parent); // Attacker knows the full path of the file that will be generated // delete the file that was created tmpDir.delete(); // Attacker sees file is deleted and begins a race to create their own directory before Jetty. // and make a directory of the same name // SECURITY VULNERABILITY: Race Condition! - Attacker beats Jetty and now owns this directory tmpDir.mkdirs();

https://github.com/eclipse/jetty.project/blob/1b59672b7f668b8a421690154b98b4b2b03f254b/jetty-webapp/src/main/java/org/eclipse/jetty/webapp/WebInfConfiguration.java#L511-L518

In several cases the parent parameter will not be the system temporary directory. However, there is one case where it will be, as the last fallback.

https://github.com/eclipse/jetty.project/blob/1b59672b7f668b8a421690154b98b4b2b03f254b/jetty-webapp/src/main/java/org/eclipse/jetty/webapp/WebInfConfiguration.java#L467-L468

If any code is ever executed out of this temporary directory, this can lead to a local privilege escalation vulnerability.

Would your team be willing to open a GitHub security advisory to continue the discussion and disclosure there? https://github.com/eclipse/jetty.project/security/advisories

This vulnerability disclosure follows Google's 90-day vulnerability disclosure policy (I'm not an employee of Google, I just like their policy). Full disclosure will occur either at the end of the 90-day deadline or whenever a patch is made widely available, whichever occurs first.

Cheers, Jonathan Leitschuh

Severity
7.0 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.eclipse.jetty:jetty-webapp"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "9.4.33.v20201020"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "org.mortbay.jetty:jetty-webapp"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
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              "fixed": "9.4.33"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
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        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 10.0.0.beta2"
      },
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        "ecosystem": "Maven",
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              "introduced": "10.0.0.beta1"
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        }
      ]
    },
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      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 11.0.0.beta2"
      },
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        "ecosystem": "Maven",
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      },
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              "introduced": "11.0.0.beta1"
            },
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            }
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        }
      ]
    },
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        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 11.0.0.beta2"
      },
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      },
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        }
      ]
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  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-27216"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-378",
      "CWE-379",
      "CWE-552"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2020-11-04T17:48:31Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2020-10-23T13:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "### Impact\nOn Unix like systems, the system\u0027s temporary directory is shared between all users on that system.  A collocated user can observe the process of creating a temporary sub directory in the shared temporary directory and race to complete the creation of the temporary subdirectory.  If the attacker wins the race then they will have read and write permission to the subdirectory used to unpack web applications, including their WEB-INF/lib jar files and JSP files.  If any code is ever executed out of this temporary directory, this can lead to a local privilege escalation vulnerability.\n\nAdditionally, any user code uses of [WebAppContext::getTempDirectory](https://www.eclipse.org/jetty/javadoc/9.4.31.v20200723/org/eclipse/jetty/webapp/WebAppContext.html#getTempDirectory()) would similarly be vulnerable.\n\nAdditionally, any user application code using the `ServletContext` attribute for the tempdir will also be impacted.\nSee: https://javaee.github.io/javaee-spec/javadocs/javax/servlet/ServletContext.html#TEMPDIR\n\nFor example:\n```java\nimport java.io.File;\nimport java.io.IOException;\nimport javax.servlet.ServletContext;\nimport javax.servlet.ServletException;\nimport javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;\nimport javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;\nimport javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;\n\npublic class ExampleServlet extends HttpServlet {\n    @Override\n    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {\n        File tempDir = (File)getServletContext().getAttribute(ServletContext.TEMPDIR); // Potentially compromised\n        // do something with that temp dir\n    }\n}\n```\n\nExample: The JSP library itself will use the container temp directory for compiling the JSP source into Java classes before executing them.\n\n### CVSSv3.1 Evaluation\n\nThis vulnerability has been calculated to have a [CVSSv3.1 score of 7.8/10 (AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H)](https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln-metrics/cvss/v3-calculator?vector=AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H\u0026version=3.1)\n\n### Patches\nFixes were applied to the 9.4.x branch with:\n- https://github.com/eclipse/jetty.project/commit/53e0e0e9b25a6309bf24ee3b10984f4145701edb\n- https://github.com/eclipse/jetty.project/commit/9ad6beb80543b392c91653f6bfce233fc75b9d5f\n\nThese will be included in releases: 9.4.33, 10.0.0.beta3, 11.0.0.beta3\n\n### Workarounds\n\nA work around is to set a temporary directory, either for the server or the context, to a directory outside of the shared temporary file system.\nFor recent releases, a temporary directory can be created simple by creating a directory called `work` in the ${jetty.base} directory (the parent directory of the `webapps` directory).\nAlternately the java temporary directory can be set with the System Property `java.io.tmpdir`.    A more detailed description of how jetty selects a temporary directory is below.\n\nThe Jetty search order for finding a temporary directory is as follows:\n\n1. If the [`WebAppContext` has a temp directory specified](https://www.eclipse.org/jetty/javadoc/current/org/eclipse/jetty/webapp/WebAppContext.html#setTempDirectory(java.io.File)), use it.\n2. If the `ServletContext` has the `javax.servlet.context.tempdir` attribute set, and if directory exists, use it.\n3. If a `${jetty.base}/work` directory exists, use it (since Jetty 9.1)\n4. If a `ServletContext` has the `org.eclipse.jetty.webapp.basetempdir` attribute set, and if the directory exists, use it.\n5. Use `System.getProperty(\"java.io.tmpdir\")` and use it.\n\nJetty will end traversal at the first successful step.\nTo mitigate this vulnerability the directory must be set to one that is not writable by an attacker.  To avoid information leakage, the directory should also not be readable by an attacker.\n\n#### Setting a Jetty server temporary directory.\n\nChoices 3 and 5 apply to the server level, and will impact all deployed webapps on the server.\n\nFor choice 3  just create that work directory underneath your `${jetty.base}` and restart Jetty.\n\nFor choice 5, just specify your own `java.io.tmpdir` when you start the JVM for Jetty.\n\n``` shell\n[jetty-distribution]$ java -Djava.io.tmpdir=/var/web/work -jar start.jar\n```\n\n#### Setting a Context specific temporary directory.\n\nThe rest of the choices require you to configure the context for that deployed webapp (seen as `${jetty.base}/webapps/\u003ccontext\u003e.xml`)\n\nExample (excluding the DTD which is version specific):\n\n``` xml\n\u003cConfigure class=\"org.eclipse.jetty.webapp.WebAppContext\"\u003e\n  \u003cSet name=\"contextPath\"\u003e\u003cProperty name=\"foo\"/\u003e\u003c/Set\u003e\n  \u003cSet name=\"war\"\u003e/var/web/webapps/foo.war\u003c/Set\u003e\n  \u003cSet name=\"tempDirectory\"\u003e/var/web/work/foo\u003c/Set\u003e\n\u003c/Configure\u003e\n```\n\n### References\n \n - https://github.com/eclipse/jetty.project/issues/5451\n - [CWE-378: Creation of Temporary File With Insecure Permissions](https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/378.html)\n - [CWE-379: Creation of Temporary File in Directory with Insecure Permissions](https://cwe.mitre.org/data/definitions/379.html)\n - [CodeQL Query PR To Detect Similar Vulnerabilities](https://github.com/github/codeql/pull/4473)\n\n### Similar Vulnerabilities\n\nSimilar, but not the same.\n\n - JUnit 4 - https://github.com/junit-team/junit4/security/advisories/GHSA-269g-pwp5-87pp\n - Google Guava - https://github.com/google/guava/issues/4011\n - Apache Ant - https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-1945\n - JetBrains Kotlin Compiler - https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-15824\n\n### For more information\n\nThe original report of this vulnerability is below:\n\n\u003e On Thu, 15 Oct 2020 at 21:14, Jonathan Leitschuh \u003cjonathan.leitschuh@gmail.com\u003e wrote:\n\u003e Hi WebTide Security Team,\n\u003e\n\u003e I\u0027m a security researcher writing some custom CodeQL queries to find Local Temporary Directory Hijacking Vulnerabilities. One of my queries flagged an issue in Jetty.\n\u003e\n\u003e https://lgtm.com/query/5615014766184643449/\n\u003e\n\u003e I\u0027ve recently been looking into security vulnerabilities involving the temporary directory because on unix-like systems, the system temporary directory is shared between all users.\n\u003e There exists a race condition between the deletion of the temporary file and the creation of the directory.\n\u003e\n\u003e ```java\n\u003e // ensure file will always be unique by appending random digits\n\u003e tmpDir = File.createTempFile(temp, \".dir\", parent); // Attacker knows the full path of the file that will be generated\n\u003e // delete the file that was created\n\u003e tmpDir.delete(); // Attacker sees file is deleted and begins a race to create their own directory before Jetty.\n\u003e // and make a directory of the same name\n\u003e // SECURITY VULNERABILITY: Race Condition! - Attacker beats Jetty and now owns this directory\n\u003e tmpDir.mkdirs();\n\u003e ```\n\u003e\n\u003e https://github.com/eclipse/jetty.project/blob/1b59672b7f668b8a421690154b98b4b2b03f254b/jetty-webapp/src/main/java/org/eclipse/jetty/webapp/WebInfConfiguration.java#L511-L518\n\u003e\n\u003e In several cases the `parent` parameter will not be the system temporary directory. However, there is one case where it will be, as the last fallback.\n\u003e\n\u003e\n\u003e https://github.com/eclipse/jetty.project/blob/1b59672b7f668b8a421690154b98b4b2b03f254b/jetty-webapp/src/main/java/org/eclipse/jetty/webapp/WebInfConfiguration.java#L467-L468\n\u003e\n\u003e If any code is ever executed out of this temporary directory, this can lead to a local privilege\u00a0escalation vulnerability.\n\u003e\n\u003e Would your team be willing to open a GitHub security advisory to continue the discussion and disclosure there?\u00a0https://github.com/eclipse/jetty.project/security/advisories\n\u003e\n\u003e **This vulnerability disclosure follows Google\u0027s [90-day vulnerability disclosure policy](https://www.google.com/about/appsecurity/) (I\u0027m not an employee of Google, I just like their policy). Full disclosure will occur either at the end of the 90-day deadline or whenever a patch is made widely available, whichever occurs first.**\n\u003e\n\u003e Cheers,\n\u003e Jonathan Leitschuh\n\n\n",
  "id": "GHSA-g3wg-6mcf-8jj6",
  "modified": "2023-11-27T23:07:50Z",
  "published": "2020-11-04T17:50:24Z",
  "references": [
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      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/eclipse/jetty.project/security/advisories/GHSA-g3wg-6mcf-8jj6"
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      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-27216"
    },
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      "url": "https://github.com/eclipse/jetty.project/issues/5451"
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    },
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      "url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/r5a9462096c71593e771602beb0e69357adb5175d9a5c18d5181e0ab4@%3Cissues.beam.apache.org%3E"
    },
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    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Local Temp Directory Hijacking Vulnerability"
}

GHSA-G487-4FJG-H9J4

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-11-17 06:31 – Updated: 2023-11-24 18:30
VLAI
Details

CLUSTERPRO X Ver5.1 and earlier and EXPRESSCLUSTER X 5.1 and earlier, CLUSTERPRO X SingleServerSafe 5.0 and earlier, EXPRESSCLUSTER X SingleServerSafe 5.0 and earlier allows a attacker to log in to the product may execute an arbitrary command.

Severity
8.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-39545"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-552"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-11-17T06:15:33Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "CLUSTERPRO X Ver5.1 and earlier and EXPRESSCLUSTER X 5.1 and earlier, CLUSTERPRO X SingleServerSafe 5.0 and earlier, EXPRESSCLUSTER X SingleServerSafe 5.0 and earlier allows a attacker to log in to the product may execute an arbitrary command.\n\n",
  "id": "GHSA-g487-4fjg-h9j4",
  "modified": "2023-11-24T18:30:30Z",
  "published": "2023-11-17T06:31:22Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-39545"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://jpn.nec.com/security-info/secinfo/nv23-009_en.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-G6VV-79QP-W952

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:57 – Updated: 2024-04-04 02:09
VLAI
Details

A binary planting in SAP SQL Anywhere, before version 17.0, SAP IQ, before version 16.1, and SAP Dynamic Tier, before versions 1.0 and 2.0, can result in the inadvertent access of files located in directories outside of the paths specified by the user.

Severity
5.5 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-0381"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-552"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-10-08T20:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A binary planting in SAP SQL Anywhere, before version 17.0, SAP IQ, before version 16.1, and SAP Dynamic Tier, before versions 1.0 and 2.0, can result in the inadvertent access of files located in directories outside of the paths specified by the user.",
  "id": "GHSA-g6vv-79qp-w952",
  "modified": "2024-04-04T02:09:41Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T16:57:59Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-0381"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://launchpad.support.sap.com/#/notes/2792430"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://wiki.scn.sap.com/wiki/pages/viewpage.action?pageId=528123050"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-G8J6-MW28-V33X

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-07-31 00:00 – Updated: 2022-08-11 00:00
VLAI
Details

Trend Micro VPN Proxy Pro version 5.2.1026 and below contains a vulnerability involving some overly permissive folders in a key directory which could allow a local attacker to obtain privilege escalation on an affected system.

Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-33158"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-552"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-07-30T00:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Trend Micro VPN Proxy Pro version 5.2.1026 and below contains a vulnerability involving some overly permissive folders in a key directory which could allow a local attacker to obtain privilege escalation on an affected system.",
  "id": "GHSA-g8j6-mw28-v33x",
  "modified": "2022-08-11T00:00:43Z",
  "published": "2022-07-31T00:00:59Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-33158"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://helpcenter.trendmicro.com/en-us/article/tmka-11042"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.zerodayinitiative.com/advisories/ZDI-22-853"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-G98M-96G9-WFJQ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-05-10 14:53 – Updated: 2023-07-05 20:18
VLAI
Summary
Insecure path handling in Bundler
Details

Bundler prior to 2.1.0 uses a predictable path in /tmp/, created with insecure permissions as a storage location for gems, if locations under the user's home directory are not available. If Bundler is used in a scenario where the user does not have a writable home directory, an attacker could place malicious code in this directory that would be later loaded and executed.

Severity
7.0 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "RubyGems",
        "name": "bundler"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "1.14.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.1.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-3881"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-427",
      "CWE-552"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2021-05-04T22:52:44Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2020-09-04T12:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Bundler prior to 2.1.0 uses a predictable path in `/tmp/`, created with insecure permissions as a storage location for gems, if locations under the user\u0027s home directory are not available. If Bundler is used in a scenario where the user does not have a writable home directory, an attacker could place malicious code in this directory that would be later loaded and executed.",
  "id": "GHSA-g98m-96g9-wfjq",
  "modified": "2023-07-05T20:18:22Z",
  "published": "2021-05-10T14:53:59Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-3881"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/rubygems/bundler/issues/6501"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/rubygems/bundler/pull/7416/commits/65cfebb041c454c246aaf32a177b0243915a9998"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1651826"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://github.com/advisories/GHSA-g98m-96g9-wfjq"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/rubygems/bundler"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/bundler/CVE-2019-3881.yml"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Insecure path handling in Bundler"
}

GHSA-GC72-8HPQ-4VJW

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-26 00:01 – Updated: 2022-06-10 00:00
VLAI
Details

Docker Desktop 4.3.0 has Incorrect Access Control.

Severity
8.4 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N
Show details on source website
To clipboard 

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-44719"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-552"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-05-25T16:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Docker Desktop 4.3.0 has Incorrect Access Control.",
  "id": "GHSA-gc72-8hpq-4vjw",
  "modified": "2022-06-10T00:00:49Z",
  "published": "2022-05-26T00:01:22Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-44719"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://docs.docker.com/desktop/mac/release-notes"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://docs.docker.com/desktop/release-notes/#security-2"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://docs.docker.com/desktop/windows/release-notes"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}
Mitigation
Implementation System Configuration Operation

When storing data in the cloud (e.g., S3 buckets, Azure blobs, Google Cloud Storage, etc.), use the provider's controls to disable public access.

CAPEC-150: Collect Data from Common Resource Locations

An adversary exploits well-known locations for resources for the purposes of undermining the security of the target. In many, if not most systems, files and resources are organized in a default tree structure. This can be useful for adversaries because they often know where to look for resources or files that are necessary for attacks. Even when the precise location of a targeted resource may not be known, naming conventions may indicate a small area of the target machine's file tree where the resources are typically located. For example, configuration files are normally stored in the /etc director on Unix systems. Adversaries can take advantage of this to commit other types of attacks.

CAPEC-639: Probe System Files

An adversary obtains unauthorized information due to improperly protected files. If an application stores sensitive information in a file that is not protected by proper access control, then an adversary can access the file and search for sensitive information.

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