CWE-522
Allowed-with-ReviewInsufficiently Protected Credentials
Abstraction: Class · Status: Incomplete
The product transmits or stores authentication credentials, but it uses an insecure method that is susceptible to unauthorized interception and/or retrieval.
1824 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-84HG-PV4V-G5M7
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-12-05 21:31 – Updated: 2024-12-11 18:30STMicroelectronics SPC58 is vulnerable to Missing Protection Mechanism for Alternate Hardware Interface. Code running as Supervisor on the SPC58 PowerPC microcontrollers may disable the System Memory Protection Unit and gain unabridged read/write access to protected assets.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-48010"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-522"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-12-05T20:15:20Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "STMicroelectronics SPC58 is vulnerable to Missing Protection Mechanism for Alternate Hardware Interface. Code running as Supervisor on the SPC58 PowerPC microcontrollers may disable the System Memory Protection Unit and gain unabridged read/write access to protected assets.",
"id": "GHSA-84hg-pv4v-g5m7",
"modified": "2024-12-11T18:30:40Z",
"published": "2024-12-05T21:31:52Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-48010"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plaxidityx.com/blog/blog-post/is-your-memory-protecteduncovering-hidden-vulnerabilities-in-automotive-mpu-mechanisms"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.st.com/resource/en/reference_manual/rm0452-spc58-h-line--32-bit-power-architecture-automotive-mcu-triple-z4-cores-200-mhz-10-mbytes-flash-hsm-asild-stmicroelectronics.pdf"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-8542-26GW-63VW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-07-02 09:32 – Updated: 2024-07-02 09:32The webserver utilizes basic authentication for its user login to the configuration interface. As encryption is disabled on port 80, it enables potential eavesdropping on user traffic, making it possible to intercept their credentials.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-41926"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-522"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-07-02T08:15:04Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The webserver utilizes basic authentication for its user login to the configuration interface. As encryption is disabled on port 80, it enables potential eavesdropping on user traffic, making it possible to intercept their credentials.",
"id": "GHSA-8542-26gw-63vw",
"modified": "2024-07-02T09:32:06Z",
"published": "2024-07-02T09:32:06Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-41926"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://advisories.ncsc.nl/advisory?id=NCSC-2024-0273"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-8582-989R-WW9V
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:36 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:36The Philips DoseWise Portal web-based application versions 1.1.7.333 and 2.1.1.3069 stores login credentials in clear text within backend system files. CVSS v3 base score: 6.5, CVSS vector string: AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2017-9654"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-522"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-04-24T15:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The Philips DoseWise Portal web-based application versions 1.1.7.333 and 2.1.1.3069 stores login credentials in clear text within backend system files. CVSS v3 base score: 6.5, CVSS vector string: AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N.",
"id": "GHSA-8582-989r-ww9v",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:36:05Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:36:05Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-9654"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://ics-cert.us-cert.gov/advisories/ICSMA-17-229-01"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.philips.com/productsecurity"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/100471"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-85MH-WPHV-CHHH
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:52 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:52The F5 BIG-IP Controller for Kubernetes 1.0.0-1.5.0 (k8s-bigip-crtl) passes BIG-IP username and password as command line parameters, which may lead to disclosure of the credentials used by the container.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2018-5543"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-522"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-07-31T14:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The F5 BIG-IP Controller for Kubernetes 1.0.0-1.5.0 (k8s-bigip-crtl) passes BIG-IP username and password as command line parameters, which may lead to disclosure of the credentials used by the container.",
"id": "GHSA-85mh-wphv-chhh",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:52:53Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:52:53Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-5543"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.f5.com/csp/article/K58935003"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/104944"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-85P9-J7C9-V4GR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-02-15 01:57 – Updated: 2024-05-20 19:46The containers/image library used by the container tools Podman, Buildah, and Skopeo in Red Hat Enterprise Linux version 8 and CRI-O in OpenShift Container Platform, does not enforce TLS connections to the container registry authorization service. An attacker could use this vulnerability to launch a MiTM attack and steal login credentials or bearer tokens.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/containers/image"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "3.0.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-10214"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-522"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2021-05-07T17:33:33Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2019-11-25T11:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "The containers/image library used by the container tools Podman, Buildah, and Skopeo in Red Hat Enterprise Linux version 8 and CRI-O in OpenShift Container Platform, does not enforce TLS connections to the container registry authorization service. An attacker could use this vulnerability to launch a MiTM attack and steal login credentials or bearer tokens.",
"id": "GHSA-85p9-j7c9-v4gr",
"modified": "2024-05-20T19:46:40Z",
"published": "2022-02-15T01:57:18Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-10214"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/containers/image/issues/654"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/containers/image/pull/655"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/containers/image/pull/669"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/containers/image/commit/634605d06e738aec8332bcfd69162e7509ac7aaf"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=1732508"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=CVE-2019-10214"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/containers/image"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://pkg.go.dev/vuln/GO-2021-0081"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2020-03/msg00035.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2020-04/msg00041.html"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "containers/image library Insufficiently Protects Credentials"
}
GHSA-85RV-559Q-9C4R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-04-21 12:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 03:37Ribose RNP before 0.15.1 does not implement a required step in a cryptographic algorithm, resulting in weaker encryption than on the tin of the algorithm.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-33589"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-522"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-04-21T12:15:07Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Ribose RNP before 0.15.1 does not implement a required step in a cryptographic algorithm, resulting in weaker encryption than on the tin of the algorithm.",
"id": "GHSA-85rv-559q-9c4r",
"modified": "2024-04-04T03:37:39Z",
"published": "2023-04-21T12:30:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-33589"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://open.ribose.com/advisories/ra-2021-05-30/#CVE-2021-33589"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.ribose.com/feedback/security"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-864G-863M-VCVQ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-01 20:35 – Updated: 2026-07-01 20:35Impact
A vulnerability has been identified in Fleet's agent-side deployer, which did not filter security-sensitive keys from namespaceLabels in fleet.yaml (or BundleDeployment.spec.options.namespaceLabels) when applying them to the target namespace.
An attacker with git push access to a Fleet-monitored repository could overwrite Pod Security Standards (PSS) enforcement labels on a target namespace. This allows the attacker to weaken admission controls and deploy workloads that PSS policies would otherwise block.
Important: The final impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability depends on the specific permissions of the leaked credentials.
Fleet team recommends you: 1. Review your system for potentially leaked credentials. 2. Replace any credentials that may be compromised.
Please consult the associated MITRE ATT&CK - Technique - Disable or Modify Tools for further information about this category of attack.
Patches
To fix this issue, upgrade to a patched version. The updated Fleet deployer filters out labels with the pod-security.kubernetes.io/ prefix when applying namespaceLabels to a namespace. This change preserves the PSS labels set by cluster administrators and prevents them from being overwritten through fleet.yaml or BundleDeployment options.
Patched versions of Fleet include releases v0.15.2, v0.14.6, v0.13.11, and v0.12.15.
Workarounds
If you can’t immediately upgrade to a patched version, use one of the following workarounds:
1 - Deploy NeuVector(primary workaround)
Deploy NeuVector (SUSE Security) and configure an admission control Deny rule for "Run as privileged" in Protect mode. - NeuVector evaluates pod specs independently of Kubernetes PSS namespace labels. It blocks privileged containers even if the labels are downgraded. - Although the namespace labels are still overwritten, the attack cannot exploit confidentiality, integrity, or availability without a privileged pod.
2 - Restrict repository access (secondary workaround)
Note: The following measure reduces the attack surface but does not close the vulnerability: - In a multi-tenant setup, this restriction removes the primary attack vector. However, this measure only reduces the attack surface and doesn't completely close the vulnerability. It may also not be operationally viable for all organizations. ´
Credits
This security issue was reported by the following collaborators according to our responsible disclosure policy:
- Radisauskas Arnoldas from NATO and the NATO Cyber Security Centre (NCSC).
References
- Reach out to the SUSE Rancher Security team for security related inquiries.
- Open an issue in the Rancher repository.
- Verify with our support matrix and product support lifecycle.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/rancher/fleet"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0.15.0"
},
{
"fixed": "0.15.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/rancher/fleet"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0.14.0"
},
{
"fixed": "0.14.6"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/rancher/fleet"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0.13.0"
},
{
"fixed": "0.13.11"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Go",
"name": "github.com/rancher/fleet"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0.12.0"
},
{
"fixed": "0.12.15"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-44938"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-522"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-07-01T20:35:37Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "### Impact\nA vulnerability has been identified in Fleet\u0027s agent-side deployer, which did not filter security-sensitive keys from `namespaceLabels` in `fleet.yaml` (or `BundleDeployment.spec.options.namespaceLabels`) when applying them to the target namespace. \n\nAn attacker with `git push` access to a Fleet-monitored repository could overwrite Pod Security Standards (PSS) enforcement labels on a target namespace. This allows the attacker to weaken admission controls and deploy workloads that PSS policies would otherwise block.\n\n**Important:** The final impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability depends on the specific permissions of the leaked credentials. \n\nFleet team recommends you:\n1. Review your system for potentially leaked credentials.\n2. Replace any credentials that may be compromised.\n\nPlease consult the associated [MITRE ATT\u0026CK - Technique - Disable or Modify Tools](https://attack.mitre.org/techniques/T1685/) for further information about this category of attack.\n\n### Patches\nTo fix this issue, upgrade to a patched version. The updated Fleet deployer filters out labels with the `pod-security.kubernetes.io/` prefix when applying `namespaceLabels` to a namespace. This change preserves the PSS labels set by cluster administrators and prevents them from being overwritten through `fleet.yaml` or `BundleDeployment` options.\n\nPatched versions of Fleet include releases `v0.15.2`, `v0.14.6`, `v0.13.11`, and `v0.12.15`.\n\n### Workarounds\nIf you can\u2019t immediately upgrade to a patched version, use one of the following workarounds:\n\n**1 - Deploy NeuVector(primary workaround)**\n\nDeploy NeuVector (SUSE Security) and configure an admission control Deny rule for \"Run as privileged\" in Protect mode. \n- NeuVector evaluates pod specs independently of Kubernetes PSS namespace labels. It blocks privileged containers even if the labels are downgraded. \n- Although the namespace labels are still overwritten, the attack cannot exploit confidentiality, integrity, or availability without a privileged pod.\n\n**2 - Restrict repository access (secondary workaround)**\n\n**Note:** The following measure reduces the attack surface but does not close the vulnerability:\n- In a multi-tenant setup, this restriction removes the primary attack vector. However, this measure only reduces the attack surface and doesn\u0027t completely close the vulnerability. It may also not be operationally viable for all organizations. \u00b4\n\n### Credits\n\nThis security issue was reported by the following collaborators according to our responsible disclosure policy:\n\n- Radisauskas Arnoldas from NATO and the NATO Cyber Security Centre (NCSC).\n\n### References\n- Reach out to the [SUSE Rancher Security team](https://github.com/rancher/rancher/security/policy) for security related inquiries.\n- Open an issue in the [Rancher](https://github.com/rancher/rancher/issues/new/choose) repository.\n- Verify with our [support matrix](https://www.suse.com/suse-rancher/support-matrix/all-supported-versions/) and [product support lifecycle](https://www.suse.com/lifecycle/).",
"id": "GHSA-864g-863m-vcvq",
"modified": "2026-07-01T20:35:37Z",
"published": "2026-07-01T20:35:37Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/rancher/fleet/security/advisories/GHSA-864g-863m-vcvq"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/rancher/fleet"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Fleet has PSS Bypass through addLabelsFromOptions in Fleet Agent"
}
GHSA-864W-MJWP-PM99
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:07 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:07Insufficiently Protected Credentials vulnerability exists in EcoStruxure Control Expert (all versions prior to V15.0 SP1, including all versions of Unity Pro), EcoStruxure Process Expert (all versions, including all versions of EcoStruxure Hybrid DCS), and SCADAPack RemoteConnect for x70, all versions, that could cause unauthorized access to a project file protected by a password when this file is shared with untrusted sources. An attacker may bypass the password protection and be able to view and modify a project file.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-22780"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-522"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-07-14T15:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Insufficiently Protected Credentials vulnerability exists in EcoStruxure Control Expert (all versions prior to V15.0 SP1, including all versions of Unity Pro), EcoStruxure Process Expert (all versions, including all versions of EcoStruxure Hybrid DCS), and SCADAPack RemoteConnect for x70, all versions, that could cause unauthorized access to a project file protected by a password when this file is shared with untrusted sources. An attacker may bypass the password protection and be able to view and modify a project file.",
"id": "GHSA-864w-mjwp-pm99",
"modified": "2022-05-24T19:07:58Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T19:07:58Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-22780"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://download.schneider-electric.com/files?p_Doc_Ref=SEVD-2021-194-01"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-86C9-M554-H9Q9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:56 – Updated: 2022-05-24 16:56ONTAP Select Deploy administration utility versions 2.2 through 2.12.1 transmit credentials in plaintext.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-5505"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-522"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-09-24T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "ONTAP Select Deploy administration utility versions 2.2 through 2.12.1 transmit credentials in plaintext.",
"id": "GHSA-86c9-m554-h9q9",
"modified": "2022-05-24T16:56:44Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:56:44Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-5505"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20190923-0002"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-86WP-7CJF-FH2F
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:17 – Updated: 2024-03-21 03:33** DISPUTED ** Avira Free Antivirus through 15.0.2005.1866 allows local users to discover user credentials. The functions of the executable file Avira.PWM.NativeMessaging.exe are aimed at collecting credentials stored in Chrome, Firefox, Opera, and Edge. The executable does not verify the calling program and thus a request such as fetchChromePasswords or fetchCredentials will succeed. NOTE: some third parties have stated that this is "not a vulnerability."
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-12680"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-522"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2020-05-08T13:15:00Z",
"severity": "LOW"
},
"details": "** DISPUTED ** Avira Free Antivirus through 15.0.2005.1866 allows local users to discover user credentials. The functions of the executable file Avira.PWM.NativeMessaging.exe are aimed at collecting credentials stored in Chrome, Firefox, Opera, and Edge. The executable does not verify the calling program and thus a request such as fetchChromePasswords or fetchCredentials will succeed. NOTE: some third parties have stated that this is \"not a vulnerability.\"",
"id": "GHSA-86wp-7cjf-fh2f",
"modified": "2024-03-21T03:33:54Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T17:17:30Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-12680"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://medium.com/%40knikolenko/avira-free-antivirus-password-collector-83452fa7f943"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://medium.com/@knikolenko/avira-free-antivirus-password-collector-83452fa7f943"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://twitter.com/taviso/status/1258448515912491026"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
Use an appropriate security mechanism to protect the credentials.
Mitigation
Make appropriate use of cryptography to protect the credentials.
Mitigation
Use industry standards to protect the credentials (e.g. LDAP, keystore, etc.).
CAPEC-102: Session Sidejacking
Session sidejacking takes advantage of an unencrypted communication channel between a victim and target system. The attacker sniffs traffic on a network looking for session tokens in unencrypted traffic. Once a session token is captured, the attacker performs malicious actions by using the stolen token with the targeted application to impersonate the victim. This attack is a specific method of session hijacking, which is exploiting a valid session token to gain unauthorized access to a target system or information. Other methods to perform a session hijacking are session fixation, cross-site scripting, or compromising a user or server machine and stealing the session token.
CAPEC-474: Signature Spoofing by Key Theft
An attacker obtains an authoritative or reputable signer's private signature key by theft and then uses this key to forge signatures from the original signer to mislead a victim into performing actions that benefit the attacker.
CAPEC-50: Password Recovery Exploitation
An attacker may take advantage of the application feature to help users recover their forgotten passwords in order to gain access into the system with the same privileges as the original user. Generally password recovery schemes tend to be weak and insecure.
CAPEC-509: Kerberoasting
Through the exploitation of how service accounts leverage Kerberos authentication with Service Principal Names (SPNs), the adversary obtains and subsequently cracks the hashed credentials of a service account target to exploit its privileges. The Kerberos authentication protocol centers around a ticketing system which is used to request/grant access to services and to then access the requested services. As an authenticated user, the adversary may request Active Directory and obtain a service ticket with portions encrypted via RC4 with the private key of the authenticated account. By extracting the local ticket and saving it disk, the adversary can brute force the hashed value to reveal the target account credentials.
CAPEC-551: Modify Existing Service
When an operating system starts, it also starts programs called services or daemons. Modifying existing services may break existing services or may enable services that are disabled/not commonly used.
CAPEC-555: Remote Services with Stolen Credentials
This pattern of attack involves an adversary that uses stolen credentials to leverage remote services such as RDP, telnet, SSH, and VNC to log into a system. Once access is gained, any number of malicious activities could be performed.
CAPEC-560: Use of Known Domain Credentials
An adversary guesses or obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate credentials (e.g. userID/password) to achieve authentication and to perform authorized actions under the guise of an authenticated user or service.
CAPEC-561: Windows Admin Shares with Stolen Credentials
An adversary guesses or obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate Windows administrator credentials (e.g. userID/password) to access Windows Admin Shares on a local machine or within a Windows domain.
CAPEC-600: Credential Stuffing
An adversary tries known username/password combinations against different systems, applications, or services to gain additional authenticated access. Credential Stuffing attacks rely upon the fact that many users leverage the same username/password combination for multiple systems, applications, and services.
CAPEC-644: Use of Captured Hashes (Pass The Hash)
An adversary obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate Windows domain credential hash values to access systems within the domain that leverage the Lan Man (LM) and/or NT Lan Man (NTLM) authentication protocols.
CAPEC-645: Use of Captured Tickets (Pass The Ticket)
An adversary uses stolen Kerberos tickets to access systems/resources that leverage the Kerberos authentication protocol. The Kerberos authentication protocol centers around a ticketing system which is used to request/grant access to services and to then access the requested services. An adversary can obtain any one of these tickets (e.g. Service Ticket, Ticket Granting Ticket, Silver Ticket, or Golden Ticket) to authenticate to a system/resource without needing the account's credentials. Depending on the ticket obtained, the adversary may be able to access a particular resource or generate TGTs for any account within an Active Directory Domain.
CAPEC-652: Use of Known Kerberos Credentials
An adversary obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate Kerberos credentials (e.g. Kerberos service account userID/password or Kerberos Tickets) with the goal of achieving authenticated access to additional systems, applications, or services within the domain.
CAPEC-653: Use of Known Operating System Credentials
An adversary guesses or obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate operating system credentials (e.g. userID/password) to achieve authentication and to perform authorized actions on the system, under the guise of an authenticated user or service. This applies to any Operating System.