Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-522

Allowed-with-Review

Insufficiently Protected Credentials

Abstraction: Class · Status: Incomplete

The product transmits or stores authentication credentials, but it uses an insecure method that is susceptible to unauthorized interception and/or retrieval.

1820 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-CM55-JG7J-PGWP

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-06-25 00:00 – Updated: 2022-07-08 00:00
VLAI
Details

A malicious authenticated SMG administrator user can obtain passwords for external LDAP/Active Directory servers that they might not otherwise be authorized to access.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-30651"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-522"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-06-24T15:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "A malicious authenticated SMG administrator user can obtain passwords for external LDAP/Active Directory servers that they might not otherwise be authorized to access.",
  "id": "GHSA-cm55-jg7j-pgwp",
  "modified": "2022-07-08T00:00:47Z",
  "published": "2022-06-25T00:00:53Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-30651"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.broadcom.com/external/content/SecurityAdvisories/0/20652"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-CMVM-C7QF-PMC5

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-01-17 18:30 – Updated: 2025-11-03 21:30
VLAI
Details

In freeradius, the EAP-PWD function compute_password_element() leaks information about the password which allows an attacker to substantially reduce the size of an offline dictionary attack.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-41859"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-200",
      "CWE-522"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-01-17T18:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "In freeradius, the EAP-PWD function compute_password_element() leaks information about the password which allows an attacker to substantially reduce the size of an offline dictionary attack.",
  "id": "GHSA-cmvm-c7qf-pmc5",
  "modified": "2025-11-03T21:30:46Z",
  "published": "2023-01-17T18:30:43Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-41859"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/FreeRADIUS/freeradius-server/commit/9e5e8f2f"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://freeradius.org/security"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/06/msg00030.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-CMXR-W23H-CHPC

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:51 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:51
VLAI
Details

D-Link DCM-604 DCM604_C1_ViaCabo_1.04_20130606 and DCM-704 EU_DCM-704_1.10 devices allow remote attackers to discover credentials via iso.3.6.1.4.1.4491.2.4.1.1.6.1.1.0 and iso.3.6.1.4.1.4491.2.4.1.1.6.1.2.0 SNMP requests.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2018-20389"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-522"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2018-12-23T21:29:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "D-Link DCM-604 DCM604_C1_ViaCabo_1.04_20130606 and DCM-704 EU_DCM-704_1.10 devices allow remote attackers to discover credentials via iso.3.6.1.4.1.4491.2.4.1.1.6.1.1.0 and iso.3.6.1.4.1.4491.2.4.1.1.6.1.2.0 SNMP requests.",
  "id": "GHSA-cmxr-w23h-chpc",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:51:02Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:51:02Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-20389"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/ezelf/sensitivesOids/blob/master/oidpassswordleaks.csv"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://misteralfa-hack.blogspot.com/2018/12/stringbleed-y-ahora-que-passwords-leaks.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-CP7R-3R6C-MJ6F

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-08-14 18:32 – Updated: 2024-08-14 18:32
VLAI
Details

Protection mechanism failure for some Zoom Workplace Apps and SDKs may allow an authenticated user to conduct information disclosure via network access.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-39818"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-522"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-08-14T17:15:14Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Protection mechanism failure for some Zoom Workplace Apps and SDKs may allow an authenticated user to conduct information disclosure via network access.",
  "id": "GHSA-cp7r-3r6c-mj6f",
  "modified": "2024-08-14T18:32:41Z",
  "published": "2024-08-14T18:32:41Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-39818"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.zoom.com/en/trust/security-bulletin/zsb-24022"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-CP89-Q3HC-Q7PF

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:46 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:46
VLAI
Details

Televes COAXDATA GATEWAY 1Gbps devices doc-wifi-hgw_v1.02.0014 4.20 have cleartext credentials in /mib.db.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2017-6532"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-522"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2017-07-20T13:29:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Televes COAXDATA GATEWAY 1Gbps devices doc-wifi-hgw_v1.02.0014 4.20 have cleartext credentials in /mib.db.",
  "id": "GHSA-cp89-q3hc-q7pf",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:46:38Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:46:38Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-6532"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.tarlogic.com/advisories/Televes_CoaxData_Gateway_en.txt"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.tarlogic.com/advisories/Televes_CoaxData_Gateway_es.txt"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-CPXG-749C-F5CF

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:07 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:07
VLAI
Details

Insufficiently Protected Credentials vulnerability exists in EcoStruxure Control Expert (all versions prior to V15.0 SP1, including all versions of Unity Pro), EcoStruxure Process Expert (all versions, including all versions of EcoStruxure Hybrid DCS), and SCADAPack RemoteConnect for x70, all versions, that could cause protected derived function blocks to be read or modified by unauthorized users when accessing a project file.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-22778"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-522"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-07-14T15:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Insufficiently Protected Credentials vulnerability exists in EcoStruxure Control Expert (all versions prior to V15.0 SP1, including all versions of Unity Pro), EcoStruxure Process Expert (all versions, including all versions of EcoStruxure Hybrid DCS), and SCADAPack RemoteConnect for x70, all versions, that could cause protected derived function blocks to be read or modified by unauthorized users when accessing a project file.",
  "id": "GHSA-cpxg-749c-f5cf",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T19:07:58Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T19:07:58Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-22778"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://download.schneider-electric.com/files?p_Doc_Ref=SEVD-2021-194-01"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-CQMR-RCPR-CXH3

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:01 – Updated: 2024-11-18 16:26
VLAI
Summary
Ansible password prompts could expose passwords
Details

ansible-playbook -k and ansible cli tools, all versions 2.8.x before 2.8.4, all 2.7.x before 2.7.13 and all 2.6.x before 2.6.19, prompt passwords by expanding them from templates as they could contain special characters. Passwords should be wrapped to prevent templates trigger and exposing them.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "ansible"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "2.8.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.8.4"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "ansible"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "2.7.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.7.13"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "ansible"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "2.6.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.6.19"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-10206"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-20",
      "CWE-522"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2022-10-07T21:53:13Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-11-22T13:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "ansible-playbook -k and ansible cli tools, all versions 2.8.x before 2.8.4, all 2.7.x before 2.7.13 and all 2.6.x before 2.6.19, prompt passwords by expanding them from templates as they could contain special characters. Passwords should be wrapped to prevent templates trigger and exposing them.",
  "id": "GHSA-cqmr-rcpr-cxh3",
  "modified": "2024-11-18T16:26:24Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:01:46Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-10206"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/ansible/ansible/commit/4b5aed4e5af4c7aab621662f50a289e99b8ac393"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/ansible/ansible/commit/d39488ece44956f6a169a498b067bbef54552be1"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/ansible/ansible/commit/d728127310b4f3a40ce8b9df3affb88ffaeea073"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=CVE-2019-10206"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/ansible/ansible"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/ansible/PYSEC-2019-145.yaml"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2023/12/msg00018.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2021/dsa-4950"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2020-04/msg00021.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2020-04/msg00026.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Ansible password prompts could expose passwords"
}

GHSA-CR98-64H9-G8CG

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:15 – Updated: 2023-10-26 15:24
VLAI
Summary
Jenkins Klaros-Testmanagement Plugin stores credentials in plain text
Details

Jenkins Klaros-Testmanagement Plugin stores credentials unencrypted in job config.xml files on the Jenkins controller. These credentials can be viewed by users with Extended Read permission, or access to the Jenkins controller file system.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 2.0.0"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "hudson.plugins.klaros:klaros-testmanagement"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2.1.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-10282"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-522"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2023-10-26T15:24:42Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-04-04T16:29:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Jenkins Klaros-Testmanagement Plugin stores credentials unencrypted in job `config.xml` files on the Jenkins controller. These credentials can be viewed by users with Extended Read permission, or access to the Jenkins controller file system.",
  "id": "GHSA-cr98-64h9-g8cg",
  "modified": "2023-10-26T15:24:42Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:15:02Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-10282"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/jenkinsci/klaros-testmanagement-plugin/commit/7bab10557cc79918f8d61bb92652a7cafb154c22"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/jenkinsci/klaros-testmanagement-plugin"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://jenkins.io/security/advisory/2019-04-03/#SECURITY-843"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2019/04/12/2"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Jenkins Klaros-Testmanagement Plugin stores credentials in plain text"
}

GHSA-CVCQ-M8CV-7R6G

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:49 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:49
VLAI
Details

If a user saved passwords before Firefox 58 and then later set a master password, an unencrypted copy of these passwords is still accessible. This is because the older stored password file was not deleted when the data was copied to a new format starting in Firefox 58. The new master password is added only on the new file. This could allow the exposure of stored password data outside of user expectations. This vulnerability affects Firefox < 62, Firefox ESR < 60.2.1, and Thunderbird < 60.2.1.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2018-12383"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-522"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2018-10-18T13:29:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "If a user saved passwords before Firefox 58 and then later set a master password, an unencrypted copy of these passwords is still accessible. This is because the older stored password file was not deleted when the data was copied to a new format starting in Firefox 58. The new master password is added only on the new file. This could allow the exposure of stored password data outside of user expectations. This vulnerability affects Firefox \u003c 62, Firefox ESR \u003c 60.2.1, and Thunderbird \u003c 60.2.1.",
  "id": "GHSA-cvcq-m8cv-7r6g",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:49:35Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:49:35Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-12383"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2018:2834"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2018:2835"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2018:3403"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2018:3458"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=1475775"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2018/11/msg00011.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201810-01"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201811-13"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/3761-1"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/3793-1"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2018/dsa-4304"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2018/dsa-4327"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2018-20"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2018-23"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.mozilla.org/security/advisories/mfsa2018-25"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/105276"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1041610"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1041701"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-CVFP-9537-PWMR

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-04 00:30 – Updated: 2026-02-04 00:30
VLAI
Details

Edimax EW-7438RPn 1.13 contains an information disclosure vulnerability that exposes WiFi network configuration details through the wlencrypt_wiz.asp file. Attackers can access the script to retrieve sensitive information including WiFi network name and plaintext password stored in device configuration variables.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-37097"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-522"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-02-03T22:16:26Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Edimax EW-7438RPn 1.13 contains an information disclosure vulnerability that exposes WiFi network configuration details through the wlencrypt_wiz.asp file. Attackers can access the script to retrieve sensitive information including WiFi network name and plaintext password stored in device configuration variables.",
  "id": "GHSA-cvfp-9537-pwmr",
  "modified": "2026-02-04T00:30:29Z",
  "published": "2026-02-04T00:30:29Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-37097"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.edimax.com/edimax/merchandise/merchandise_detail/data/edimax/global/wi-fi_range_extenders_n300/ew-7438rpn_mini"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/48365"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/edimax-ew-rpn-information-disclosure-wifi-password"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Use an appropriate security mechanism to protect the credentials.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design

Make appropriate use of cryptography to protect the credentials.

Mitigation
Implementation

Use industry standards to protect the credentials (e.g. LDAP, keystore, etc.).

CAPEC-102: Session Sidejacking

Session sidejacking takes advantage of an unencrypted communication channel between a victim and target system. The attacker sniffs traffic on a network looking for session tokens in unencrypted traffic. Once a session token is captured, the attacker performs malicious actions by using the stolen token with the targeted application to impersonate the victim. This attack is a specific method of session hijacking, which is exploiting a valid session token to gain unauthorized access to a target system or information. Other methods to perform a session hijacking are session fixation, cross-site scripting, or compromising a user or server machine and stealing the session token.

CAPEC-474: Signature Spoofing by Key Theft

An attacker obtains an authoritative or reputable signer's private signature key by theft and then uses this key to forge signatures from the original signer to mislead a victim into performing actions that benefit the attacker.

CAPEC-50: Password Recovery Exploitation

An attacker may take advantage of the application feature to help users recover their forgotten passwords in order to gain access into the system with the same privileges as the original user. Generally password recovery schemes tend to be weak and insecure.

CAPEC-509: Kerberoasting

Through the exploitation of how service accounts leverage Kerberos authentication with Service Principal Names (SPNs), the adversary obtains and subsequently cracks the hashed credentials of a service account target to exploit its privileges. The Kerberos authentication protocol centers around a ticketing system which is used to request/grant access to services and to then access the requested services. As an authenticated user, the adversary may request Active Directory and obtain a service ticket with portions encrypted via RC4 with the private key of the authenticated account. By extracting the local ticket and saving it disk, the adversary can brute force the hashed value to reveal the target account credentials.

CAPEC-551: Modify Existing Service

When an operating system starts, it also starts programs called services or daemons. Modifying existing services may break existing services or may enable services that are disabled/not commonly used.

CAPEC-555: Remote Services with Stolen Credentials

This pattern of attack involves an adversary that uses stolen credentials to leverage remote services such as RDP, telnet, SSH, and VNC to log into a system. Once access is gained, any number of malicious activities could be performed.

CAPEC-560: Use of Known Domain Credentials

An adversary guesses or obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate credentials (e.g. userID/password) to achieve authentication and to perform authorized actions under the guise of an authenticated user or service.

CAPEC-561: Windows Admin Shares with Stolen Credentials

An adversary guesses or obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate Windows administrator credentials (e.g. userID/password) to access Windows Admin Shares on a local machine or within a Windows domain.

CAPEC-600: Credential Stuffing

An adversary tries known username/password combinations against different systems, applications, or services to gain additional authenticated access. Credential Stuffing attacks rely upon the fact that many users leverage the same username/password combination for multiple systems, applications, and services.

CAPEC-644: Use of Captured Hashes (Pass The Hash)

An adversary obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate Windows domain credential hash values to access systems within the domain that leverage the Lan Man (LM) and/or NT Lan Man (NTLM) authentication protocols.

CAPEC-645: Use of Captured Tickets (Pass The Ticket)

An adversary uses stolen Kerberos tickets to access systems/resources that leverage the Kerberos authentication protocol. The Kerberos authentication protocol centers around a ticketing system which is used to request/grant access to services and to then access the requested services. An adversary can obtain any one of these tickets (e.g. Service Ticket, Ticket Granting Ticket, Silver Ticket, or Golden Ticket) to authenticate to a system/resource without needing the account's credentials. Depending on the ticket obtained, the adversary may be able to access a particular resource or generate TGTs for any account within an Active Directory Domain.

CAPEC-652: Use of Known Kerberos Credentials

An adversary obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate Kerberos credentials (e.g. Kerberos service account userID/password or Kerberos Tickets) with the goal of achieving authenticated access to additional systems, applications, or services within the domain.

CAPEC-653: Use of Known Operating System Credentials

An adversary guesses or obtains (i.e. steals or purchases) legitimate operating system credentials (e.g. userID/password) to achieve authentication and to perform authorized actions on the system, under the guise of an authenticated user or service. This applies to any Operating System.