CWE-502
AllowedDeserialization of Untrusted Data
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product deserializes untrusted data without sufficiently ensuring that the resulting data will be valid.
4804 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-C3X4-W2JM-V6M5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:38 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:38ManageEngine Applications Manager 12 and 13 before build 13200, allows unserialization of unsafe Java objects. The vulnerability can be exploited by remote user without authentication and it allows to execute remote code compromising the application as well as the operating system. As Application Manager's RMI registry is running with privileges of system administrator, by exploiting this vulnerability an attacker gains highest privileges on the underlying operating system.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2016-9498"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-502"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2018-07-13T20:29:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "ManageEngine Applications Manager 12 and 13 before build 13200, allows unserialization of unsafe Java objects. The vulnerability can be exploited by remote user without authentication and it allows to execute remote code compromising the application as well as the operating system. As Application Manager\u0027s RMI registry is running with privileges of system administrator, by exploiting this vulnerability an attacker gains highest privileges on the underlying operating system.",
"id": "GHSA-c3x4-w2jm-v6m5",
"modified": "2022-05-13T01:38:30Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:38:30Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-9498"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.manageengine.com/products/applications_manager/security-updates/security-updates-cve-2016-9498.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.securityfocus.com/bid/97394"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2017/Apr/9"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-C42H-56WX-H85Q
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-06-06 15:20 – Updated: 2025-06-06 15:20Overview The laravel-auth0 SDK contains a critical vulnerability due to insecure deserialization of cookie data. If exploited, since SDKs process cookie content without prior authentication, a threat actor could send a specially crafted cookie containing malicious serialized data.
Am I Affected? You are affected by this vulnerability if you meet the following preconditions:
- Applications using laravel-auth0 SDK, versions between 7.0.0-BETA1 to 7.2.1.
- Laravel-auth0 SDK uses the Auth0-PHP SDK with version 8.0.0-BETA3 to 8.3.0.
Fix Upgrade Auth0/laravel-auth0 to the latest version (v7.17.0).
Acknowledgement Okta would like to thank Andreas Forsblom for discovering this vulnerability.
{
"affected": [
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 7.2.1"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "auth0/login"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "7.0.0-BETA1"
},
{
"fixed": "7.2.2"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-1395",
"CWE-502"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2025-06-06T15:20:46Z",
"nvd_published_at": null,
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "**Overview**\nThe laravel-auth0 SDK contains a critical vulnerability due to insecure deserialization of cookie data. If exploited, since SDKs process cookie content without prior authentication, a threat actor could send a specially crafted cookie containing malicious serialized data.\n\n\n**Am I Affected?**\nYou are affected by this vulnerability if you meet the following preconditions:\n\n1. Applications using laravel-auth0 SDK, versions between 7.0.0-BETA1 to 7.2.1.\n2. Laravel-auth0 SDK uses the Auth0-PHP SDK with version 8.0.0-BETA3 to 8.3.0.\n\n**Fix**\nUpgrade Auth0/laravel-auth0 to the latest version (v7.17.0).\n\n**Acknowledgement**\nOkta would like to thank Andreas Forsblom for discovering this vulnerability.",
"id": "GHSA-c42h-56wx-h85q",
"modified": "2025-06-06T15:20:47Z",
"published": "2025-06-06T15:20:46Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/auth0/auth0-PHP/security/advisories/GHSA-v9m8-9xxp-q492"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/auth0/laravel-auth0/security/advisories/GHSA-c42h-56wx-h85q"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/auth0/symfony/security/advisories/GHSA-98j6-67v3-mw34"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/auth0/wordpress/security/advisories/GHSA-862m-5253-832r"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-48951"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/auth0/laravel-auth0"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:H/SI:H/SA:H",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "laravel-auth0 SDK Deserialization of Untrusted Data vulnerability"
}
GHSA-C438-8CVQ-PXXX
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:26 – Updated: 2023-08-07 20:22Apache Tapestry before 5.3.6 relies on client-side object storage without checking whether a client has modified an object, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (resource consumption) or execute arbitrary code via crafted serialized data.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.apache.tapestry:tapestry-core"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "5.3.6"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2014-1972"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-502"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2023-08-07T20:22:29Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2015-08-22T23:59:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Apache Tapestry before 5.3.6 relies on client-side object storage without checking whether a client has modified an object, which allows remote attackers to cause a denial of service (resource consumption) or execute arbitrary code via crafted serialized data.",
"id": "GHSA-c438-8cvq-pxxx",
"modified": "2023-08-07T20:22:29Z",
"published": "2022-05-13T01:26:11Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2014-1972"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/apache/tapestry-5/commit/5ad5257fdfacbad2c7c480fdf2afa15d9a37e6b0"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/apache/tapestry-5"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/TAP5-2008"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/84e99dedad2ecb4676de93c3ab73a8a10882951ab6984f514707f3d9@%3Cusers.tapestry.apache.org%3E"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/bac8d6f9e1b4059b319d9cba6f33219a99b81623476ec896138f851c@%3Cusers.tapestry.apache.org%3E"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/r7d9c54beb1dc97dcccc58d9b5d31f0f7166f9a25ad1beba5f8091e0c@%3Ccommits.tapestry.apache.org%3E"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/r87523dd07886223aa086edc25fe9b8ddb9c1090f7db25b068dc30843@%3Ccommits.tapestry.apache.org%3E"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://tapestry.apache.org/release-notes-536.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://jvn.jp/en/jp/JVN17611367/index.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://jvndb.jvn.jp/jvndb/JVNDB-2015-000118"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2019/Aug/20"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2019/08/23/5"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [],
"summary": "Apache Tapestry Unsafe Object Storage"
}
GHSA-C459-2M73-67HJ
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-09-19 14:49 – Updated: 2024-09-20 14:52Impact
SOFA Hessian protocol uses a blacklist mechanism to restrict deserialization of potentially dangerous classes for security protection. But there is a gadget chain that can bypass the SOFA Hessian blacklist protection mechanism, and this gadget chain only relies on JDK and does not rely on any third-party components.
Patches
Fixed this issue by update blacklist, users can upgrade to sofahessian version 3.5.5 to avoid this issue.
Workarounds
You can maintain a blacklist yourself in this directory external/serialize.blacklist.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "com.alipay.sofa:hessian"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "3.5.5"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-46983"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-502",
"CWE-74"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2024-09-19T14:49:20Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2024-09-19T23:15:11Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "### Impact\nSOFA Hessian protocol uses a blacklist mechanism to restrict deserialization of potentially dangerous classes for security protection. But there is a gadget chain that can bypass the SOFA Hessian blacklist protection mechanism, and this gadget chain only relies on JDK and does not rely on any third-party components.\n\n### Patches\nFixed this issue by update blacklist, users can upgrade to sofahessian version 3.5.5 to avoid this issue.\n\n### Workarounds\nYou can maintain a blacklist yourself in this directory `external/serialize.blacklist`.\n",
"id": "GHSA-c459-2m73-67hj",
"modified": "2024-09-20T14:52:13Z",
"published": "2024-09-19T14:49:20Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/sofastack/sofa-hessian/security/advisories/GHSA-c459-2m73-67hj"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-46983"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/sofastack/sofa-hessian/commit/764ef4b216aee6aeb4b111aec8947a4e8b53bb87"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/sofastack/sofa-hessian"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
],
"summary": "SOFA Hessian Remote Command Execution (RCE) Vulnerability"
}
GHSA-C4CP-57XX-R93R
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-17 18:35 – Updated: 2026-06-17 18:35Unauthenticated PHP Object Injection in Eldon <= 1.4.1 versions.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-40738"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-502"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-17T14:17:52Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Unauthenticated PHP Object Injection in Eldon \u003c= 1.4.1 versions.",
"id": "GHSA-c4cp-57xx-r93r",
"modified": "2026-06-17T18:35:54Z",
"published": "2026-06-17T18:35:54Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-40738"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/theme/eldon/vulnerability/wordpress-eldon-theme-1-4-1-php-object-injection-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-C4HP-HWRC-92R3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-02-23 21:30 – Updated: 2023-03-03 18:30The BuddyForms WordPress plugin, in versions prior to 2.7.8, was affected by an unauthenticated insecure deserialization issue. An unauthenticated attacker could leverage this issue to call files using a PHAR wrapper that will deserialize the data and call arbitrary PHP Objects that can be used to perform a variety of malicious actions granted a POP chain is also present.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-26326"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-502"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-02-23T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "The BuddyForms WordPress plugin, in versions prior to 2.7.8, was affected by an unauthenticated insecure deserialization issue. An unauthenticated attacker could leverage this issue to call files using a PHAR wrapper that will deserialize the data and call arbitrary PHP Objects that can be used to perform a variety of malicious actions granted a POP chain is also present.",
"id": "GHSA-c4hp-hwrc-92r3",
"modified": "2023-03-03T18:30:26Z",
"published": "2023-02-23T21:30:16Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-26326"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.tenable.com/security/research/tra-2023-7"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-C4QV-FRH3-43C3
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-20 12:31 – Updated: 2026-06-10 21:31Deserialization of Untrusted Data vulnerability in TotalSuite TotalContest Lite allows Object Injection.This issue affects TotalContest Lite: from n/a through 2.9.1.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-0677"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-502"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-03-20T10:16:18Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Deserialization of Untrusted Data vulnerability in TotalSuite TotalContest Lite allows Object Injection.This issue affects TotalContest Lite: from n/a through 2.9.1.",
"id": "GHSA-c4qv-frh3-43c3",
"modified": "2026-06-10T21:31:24Z",
"published": "2026-03-20T12:31:06Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-0677"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/totalcontest-lite/vulnerability/wordpress-totalcontest-lite-plugin-2-9-1-php-object-injection-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-C4R7-VQGV-HXRW
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-06-10 18:32 – Updated: 2025-06-10 18:32Deserialization of untrusted data in Microsoft Office SharePoint allows an authorized attacker to execute code over a network.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-47163"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-502"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-06-10T17:23:28Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Deserialization of untrusted data in Microsoft Office SharePoint allows an authorized attacker to execute code over a network.",
"id": "GHSA-c4r7-vqgv-hxrw",
"modified": "2025-06-10T18:32:30Z",
"published": "2025-06-10T18:32:30Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-47163"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-47163"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-C566-2GRG-MJWG
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-02-09 22:50 – Updated: 2021-04-09 21:34A Java Serialization vulnerability was found in Apache Tapestry 4. Apache Tapestry 4 will attempt to deserialize the "sp" parameter even before invoking the page's validate method, leading to deserialization without authentication. Apache Tapestry 4 reached end of life in 2008 and no update to address this issue will be released. Apache Tapestry 5 versions are not vulnerable to this issue. Users of Apache Tapestry 4 should upgrade to the latest Apache Tapestry 5 version.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.apache.tapestry:tapestry-project"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "4.0"
},
{
"fixed": "5.0.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2020-17531"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-502"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2021-04-09T21:34:37Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2020-12-08T13:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "A Java Serialization vulnerability was found in Apache Tapestry 4. Apache Tapestry 4 will attempt to deserialize the \"sp\" parameter even before invoking the page\u0027s validate method, leading to deserialization without authentication. Apache Tapestry 4 reached end of life in 2008 and no update to address this issue will be released. Apache Tapestry 5 versions are not vulnerable to this issue. Users of Apache Tapestry 4 should upgrade to the latest Apache Tapestry 5 version.",
"id": "GHSA-c566-2grg-mjwg",
"modified": "2021-04-09T21:34:37Z",
"published": "2022-02-09T22:50:50Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2020-17531"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/r700a6aa234dbff0555d4187bdc8274d7e4c0afbf35b9a3457f09ee76%40%3Cusers.tapestry.apache.org%3E"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread.html/r700a6aa234dbff0555d4187bdc8274d7e4c0afbf35b9a3457f09ee76@%3Cusers.tapestry.apache.org%3E"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://security.netapp.com/advisory/ntap-20210115-0007"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2022/12/02/1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Serialization vulnerability in Apache Tapestry"
}
GHSA-C58C-W527-H77P
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-02-12 00:00 – Updated: 2022-02-23 22:11Hessian serialization is a network protocol that supports object-based transmission. Apache Cayenne's optional Remote Object Persistence (ROP) feature is a web services-based technology that provides object persistence and query functionality to 'remote' applications. In Apache Cayenne 4.1 and earlier, running on non-current patch versions of Java, an attacker with client access to Cayenne ROP can transmit a malicious payload to any vulnerable third-party dependency on the server. This can result in arbitrary code execution.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.apache.cayenne:cayenne-server"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "4.1.1"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-24289"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-502"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2022-02-14T22:48:21Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2022-02-11T13:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Hessian serialization is a network protocol that supports object-based transmission. Apache Cayenne\u0027s optional Remote Object Persistence (ROP) feature is a web services-based technology that provides object persistence and query functionality to \u0027remote\u0027 applications. In Apache Cayenne 4.1 and earlier, running on non-current patch versions of Java, an attacker with client access to Cayenne ROP can transmit a malicious payload to any vulnerable third-party dependency on the server. This can result in arbitrary code execution.",
"id": "GHSA-c58c-w527-h77p",
"modified": "2022-02-23T22:11:56Z",
"published": "2022-02-12T00:00:48Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-24289"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://lists.apache.org/thread/zthjy83t3o66x7xcbygn2vg3yjvlc9vc"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2022/02/11/1"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Deserialization of untrusted data in Apache Cayenne"
}
Mitigation
If available, use the signing/sealing features of the programming language to assure that deserialized data has not been tainted. For example, a hash-based message authentication code (HMAC) could be used to ensure that data has not been modified.
Mitigation
When deserializing data, populate a new object rather than just deserializing. The result is that the data flows through safe input validation and that the functions are safe.
Mitigation
Explicitly define a final object() to prevent deserialization.
Mitigation
- Make fields transient to protect them from deserialization.
- An attempt to serialize and then deserialize a class containing transient fields will result in NULLs where the transient data should be. This is an excellent way to prevent time, environment-based, or sensitive variables from being carried over and used improperly.
Mitigation
Avoid having unnecessary types or gadgets (a sequence of instances and method invocations that can self-execute during the deserialization process, often found in libraries) available that can be leveraged for malicious ends. This limits the potential for unintended or unauthorized types and gadgets to be leveraged by the attacker. Add only acceptable classes to an allowlist. Note: new gadgets are constantly being discovered, so this alone is not a sufficient mitigation.
Mitigation
Employ cryptography of the data or code for protection. However, it's important to note that it would still be client-side security. This is risky because if the client is compromised then the security implemented on the client (the cryptography) can be bypassed.
Mitigation MIT-29
Strategy: Firewall
Use an application firewall that can detect attacks against this weakness. It can be beneficial in cases in which the code cannot be fixed (because it is controlled by a third party), as an emergency prevention measure while more comprehensive software assurance measures are applied, or to provide defense in depth [REF-1481].
CAPEC-586: Object Injection
An adversary attempts to exploit an application by injecting additional, malicious content during its processing of serialized objects. Developers leverage serialization in order to convert data or state into a static, binary format for saving to disk or transferring over a network. These objects are then deserialized when needed to recover the data/state. By injecting a malformed object into a vulnerable application, an adversary can potentially compromise the application by manipulating the deserialization process. This can result in a number of unwanted outcomes, including remote code execution.