Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-491

Weakness Allowed

Public cloneable() Method Without Final

Abstraction: Variant · Status: Draft

A class has a cloneable() method that is not declared final, which allows an object to be created without calling the constructor. This can cause the object to be in an unexpected state.

Mapping guidance

This CWE entry is at the Variant level of abstraction, which is a preferred level of abstraction for mapping to the root causes of vulnerabilities.

Carefully read both the name and description to ensure that this mapping is an appropriate fit. Do not try to 'force' a mapping to a lower-level Base/Variant simply to comply with this preferred level of abstraction.

Relationships and members
ChildOf: CWE-668 · View CWE-1000
Modes of introduction
Implementation
Detection methods

Automated Static Analysis

Automated static analysis, commonly referred to as Static Application Security Testing (SAST), can find some instances of this weakness by analyzing source code (or binary/compiled code) without having to execute it. Typically, this is done by building a model of data flow and control flow, then searching for potentially-vulnerable patterns that connect "sources" (origins of input) with "sinks" (destinations where the data interacts with external components, a lower layer such as the OS, etc.)

Content history
Submission: 7 Pernicious Kingdoms · 2006-07-19 · CWE Draft 3
Modification: Sean Eidemiller · Cigital · 2008-07-01 · CWE 1.0

added/updated demonstrative examples

Modification: Eric Dalci · Cigital · 2008-07-01 · CWE 1.0

updated References, Demonstrative_Example, Potential_Mitigations, Time_of_Introduction

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2008-09-08 · CWE 1.0

updated Relationships, References, Taxonomy_Mappings

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2009-05-27 · CWE 1.4

updated Name

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2009-07-27 · CWE 1.5

updated Demonstrative_Examples

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2011-06-01 · CWE 1.13

updated Common_Consequences, Relationships, Taxonomy_Mappings

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2011-06-27 · CWE 2.0

updated Common_Consequences

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2012-05-11 · CWE 2.2

updated Relationships, Taxonomy_Mappings

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2012-10-30 · CWE 2.3

updated Potential_Mitigations

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2014-07-30 · CWE 2.8

updated Relationships, Taxonomy_Mappings

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2019-01-03 · CWE 3.2

updated Relationships, Taxonomy_Mappings

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2020-02-24 · CWE 4.0

updated References, Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2023-04-27 · CWE 4.11

updated Relationships

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2023-06-29 · CWE 4.12

updated Mapping_Notes

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2025-12-11 · CWE 4.19

updated Detection_Factors, Weakness_Ordinalities

Modification: CWE Content Team · MITRE · 2026-10-28 · CWE 5.0

updated Alternate_Terms, Name, References

4 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-4WM7-8HVV-947F

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-11-20 21:30 – Updated: 2025-11-21 00:30
VLAI
Details

Quark Cloud Drive v3.23.2 has a DLL Hijacking vulnerability. This vulnerability stems from the insecure loading of system libraries. Specifically, the application does not validate the path or signature of [regsvr32.exe] it loads. An attacker can place a crafted malicious DLL in the application's startup directory, which will be loaded and executed when the user launches the program.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-63685"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-491"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-11-20T21:16:06Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Quark Cloud Drive v3.23.2 has a DLL Hijacking vulnerability. This vulnerability stems from the insecure loading of system libraries. Specifically, the application does not validate the path or signature of [regsvr32.exe] it loads. An attacker can place a crafted malicious DLL in the application\u0027s startup directory, which will be loaded and executed when the user launches the program.",
  "id": "GHSA-4wm7-8hvv-947f",
  "modified": "2025-11-21T00:30:22Z",
  "published": "2025-11-20T21:30:32Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-63685"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/QIU-DIE/CVE/issues/5"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-5W58-VMV5-P957

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-10-27 18:31 – Updated: 2025-10-27 21:30
VLAI
Details

Nagios Fusion v2024R1.2 and v2024R2 does not invalidate already existing session tokens when the two-factor authentication mechanism is enabled, allowing attackers to perform a session hijacking attack.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-60425"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-491"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-10-27T16:15:42Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Nagios Fusion v2024R1.2 and v2024R2 does not invalidate already existing session tokens when the two-factor authentication mechanism is enabled, allowing attackers to perform a session hijacking attack.",
  "id": "GHSA-5w58-vmv5-p957",
  "modified": "2025-10-27T21:30:26Z",
  "published": "2025-10-27T18:31:11Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-60425"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/aakashtyal/Session-Persistence-After-Enabling-2FA"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/aakashtyal/Session-Persistence-After-Enabling-2FA-CVE-2025-60425"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.nagios.com/changelog/#fusion"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-M3GH-562J-8RPF

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-07-10 00:30 – Updated: 2024-08-01 15:31
VLAI
Details

An issue in ifood Order Manager v3.35.5 'Gestor de Peddios.exe' allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via a DLL hijacking attack.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2024-39069"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-491"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2024-07-09T22:15:02Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "An issue in ifood Order Manager v3.35.5 \u0027Gestor de Peddios.exe\u0027 allows attackers to execute arbitrary code via a DLL hijacking attack.",
  "id": "GHSA-m3gh-562j-8rpf",
  "modified": "2024-08-01T15:31:55Z",
  "published": "2024-07-10T00:30:41Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-39069"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/AungSoePaing/CVE-2024-39069"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://youtu.be/oMIobV2M0T8"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-M45H-68F7-RQ47

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-08-22 18:31 – Updated: 2025-08-22 18:31
VLAI
Details

Reolink v4.54.0.4.20250526 was discovered to contain a task hijacking vulnerability due to inappropriate taskAffinity settings.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-55622"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-491"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-08-22T17:15:33Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Reolink v4.54.0.4.20250526 was discovered to contain a task hijacking vulnerability due to inappropriate taskAffinity settings.",
  "id": "GHSA-m45h-68f7-rq47",
  "modified": "2025-08-22T18:31:24Z",
  "published": "2025-08-22T18:31:24Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-55622"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://relieved-knuckle-264.notion.site/Reolink-Task-Hijacking-21a437003642808ba21fd79530a21e96"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:L",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

Mitigation
Implementation

Make the cloneable() method final.

No CAPEC attack patterns related to this CWE.