CWE-434
AllowedUnrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type
Abstraction: Base · Status: Draft
The product allows the upload or transfer of dangerous file types that are automatically processed within its environment.
6015 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-8PMQ-59WH-8QF5
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-06-01 21:30 – Updated: 2025-06-01 21:30A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in chaitak-gorai Blogbook up to 92f5cf90f8a7e6566b576fe0952e14e1c6736513. Affected is an unknown function of the file /admin/posts.php?source=add_post. The manipulation of the argument image leads to unrestricted upload. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. Continious delivery with rolling releases is used by this product. Therefore, no version details of affected nor updated releases are available. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-5406"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-284",
"CWE-434"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-06-01T19:15:20Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability, which was classified as critical, was found in chaitak-gorai Blogbook up to 92f5cf90f8a7e6566b576fe0952e14e1c6736513. Affected is an unknown function of the file /admin/posts.php?source=add_post. The manipulation of the argument image leads to unrestricted upload. It is possible to launch the attack remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. Continious delivery with rolling releases is used by this product. Therefore, no version details of affected nor updated releases are available. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.",
"id": "GHSA-8pmq-59wh-8qf5",
"modified": "2025-06-01T21:30:28Z",
"published": "2025-06-01T21:30:28Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-5406"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/rllvusgnzm98/Report/blob/main/blogbook/BlogBook%20posts.php%20add_post%20post_image%20Parameter%20Unrestricted%20Upload.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.310746"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.310746"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.583427"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-8PRV-52GR-6JH9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-04-29 09:30 – Updated: 2023-04-29 09:30A vulnerability was found in DedeCMS 5.7.106 and classified as critical. Affected by this issue is the function UpDateMemberModCache of the file uploads/dede/config.php. The manipulation leads to unrestricted upload. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. VDB-227750 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-2424"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-434"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-04-29T08:15:11Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A vulnerability was found in DedeCMS 5.7.106 and classified as critical. Affected by this issue is the function UpDateMemberModCache of the file uploads/dede/config.php. The manipulation leads to unrestricted upload. The attack may be launched remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. VDB-227750 is the identifier assigned to this vulnerability.",
"id": "GHSA-8prv-52gr-6jh9",
"modified": "2023-04-29T09:30:15Z",
"published": "2023-04-29T09:30:15Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-2424"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gitee.com/xieqiangweb/cve/blob/master/dede/dedecms%20rce.md"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.227750"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.227750"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-8PX5-5HR4-658V
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-03-19 21:30 – Updated: 2023-03-24 03:30A vulnerability was found in SourceCodester Simple and Nice Shopping Cart Script 1.0. It has been rated as critical. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file uploaderm.php. The manipulation of the argument submit leads to unrestricted upload. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier VDB-223397 was assigned to this vulnerability.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-1497"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-434"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-03-19T19:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "A vulnerability was found in SourceCodester Simple and Nice Shopping Cart Script 1.0. It has been rated as critical. This issue affects some unknown processing of the file uploaderm.php. The manipulation of the argument submit leads to unrestricted upload. The attack may be initiated remotely. The exploit has been disclosed to the public and may be used. The identifier VDB-223397 was assigned to this vulnerability.",
"id": "GHSA-8px5-5hr4-658v",
"modified": "2023-03-24T03:30:18Z",
"published": "2023-03-19T21:30:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-1497"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/Decemberus/BugHub/blob/main/simple%20and%20beautiful%20shopping%20cart%20system%20uploaderm.php%20has%20a%20file%20upload%20vulnerability.pdf"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.223397"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.223397"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-8Q22-F465-RVGR
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-11-18 00:30 – Updated: 2022-11-22 03:30Auth. (subscriber+) Arbitrary File Upload vulnerability in wpForo Forum plugin <= 2.0.9 on WordPress.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-40200"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-434"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2022-11-17T23:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Auth. (subscriber+) Arbitrary File Upload vulnerability in wpForo Forum plugin \u003c= 2.0.9 on WordPress.",
"id": "GHSA-8q22-f465-rvgr",
"modified": "2022-11-22T03:30:59Z",
"published": "2022-11-18T00:30:18Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-40200"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/wpforo/wordpress-wpforo-forum-plugin-2-0-9-arbitrary-file-upload-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://wordpress.org/plugins/wpforo/#developers"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-8Q66-6RMH-7W5V
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:44 – Updated: 2024-04-04 00:02OpenKM 6.3.2 through 6.3.7 allows an attacker to upload a malicious JSP file into the /okm:root directories and move that file to the home directory of the site, via frontend/FileUpload and admin/repository_export.jsp. This is achieved by interfering with the Filesystem path control in the admin's Export field. As a result, attackers can gain remote code execution through the application server with root privileges.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-11445"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-434"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-04-22T11:29:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "OpenKM 6.3.2 through 6.3.7 allows an attacker to upload a malicious JSP file into the /okm:root directories and move that file to the home directory of the site, via frontend/FileUpload and admin/repository_export.jsp. This is achieved by interfering with the Filesystem path control in the admin\u0027s Export field. As a result, attackers can gain remote code execution through the application server with root privileges.",
"id": "GHSA-8q66-6rmh-7w5v",
"modified": "2024-04-04T00:02:51Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:44:06Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-11445"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://pentest.com.tr/exploits/OpenKM-DM-6-3-7-Remote-Command-Execution-Metasploit.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.exploit-db.com/exploits/46526"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-8Q67-XV24-8P86
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:49 – Updated: 2024-04-04 01:14SAP NetWeaver for Java Application Server - Web Container, (engineapi, versions 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.31, 7.4 and 7.5), (servercode, versions 7.2, 7.3, 7.31, 7.4, 7.5), allows an attacker to upload files (including script files) without proper file format validation.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2019-0327"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-434"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2019-07-10T20:15:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "SAP NetWeaver for Java Application Server - Web Container, (engineapi, versions 7.1, 7.2, 7.3, 7.31, 7.4 and 7.5), (servercode, versions 7.2, 7.3, 7.31, 7.4, 7.5), allows an attacker to upload files (including script files) without proper file format validation.",
"id": "GHSA-8q67-xv24-8p86",
"modified": "2024-04-04T01:14:29Z",
"published": "2022-05-24T16:49:57Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-0327"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://launchpad.support.sap.com/#/notes/2777910"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://wiki.scn.sap.com/wiki/pages/viewpage.action?pageId=523994575"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/109071"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-8Q7X-G4F6-63GP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-24 06:31 – Updated: 2026-04-24 06:31The Drag and Drop File Upload for Contact Form 7 plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to arbitrary file upload in versions up to, and including, 1.1.3. This is due to the plugin extracting the file extension before sanitization occurs and allowing the file type parameter to be controlled by the attacker rather than being restricted to administrator-configured values, which when combined with the fact that validation occurs on the unsanitized extension while the file is saved with a sanitized extension, allows special characters like '$' to be stripped during the save process. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to upload arbitrary PHP files and potentially achieve remote code execution, however, an .htaccess file and name randomization is in place which restricts real-world exploitability.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-5364"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-434"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-04-24T06:16:08Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The Drag and Drop File Upload for Contact Form 7 plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to arbitrary file upload in versions up to, and including, 1.1.3. This is due to the plugin extracting the file extension before sanitization occurs and allowing the file type parameter to be controlled by the attacker rather than being restricted to administrator-configured values, which when combined with the fact that validation occurs on the unsanitized extension while the file is saved with a sanitized extension, allows special characters like \u0027$\u0027 to be stripped during the save process. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to upload arbitrary PHP files and potentially achieve remote code execution, however, an .htaccess file and name randomization is in place which restricts real-world exploitability.",
"id": "GHSA-8q7x-g4f6-63gp",
"modified": "2026-04-24T06:31:17Z",
"published": "2026-04-24T06:31:17Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-5364"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/drag-and-drop-file-upload-for-contact-form-7/tags/1.1.2/backend/index.php#L147"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/drag-and-drop-file-upload-for-contact-form-7/tags/1.1.2/backend/index.php#L158"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/drag-and-drop-file-upload-for-contact-form-7/tags/1.1.2/backend/index.php#L181"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/drag-and-drop-file-upload-for-contact-form-7/tags/1.1.2/frontend/index.php#L15"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/drag-and-drop-file-upload-for-contact-form-7/trunk/backend/index.php#L147"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/drag-and-drop-file-upload-for-contact-form-7/trunk/backend/index.php#L158"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/drag-and-drop-file-upload-for-contact-form-7/trunk/backend/index.php#L181"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/drag-and-drop-file-upload-for-contact-form-7/trunk/frontend/index.php#L15"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail=\u0026reponame=\u0026old=3498020%40drag-and-drop-file-upload-for-contact-form-7\u0026new=3498020%40drag-and-drop-file-upload-for-contact-form-7\u0026sfp_email=\u0026sfph_mail="
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/0548608d-17d5-46f4-9d64-6e3b0552bf9d?source=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-8Q8X-2F93-MWPM
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2021-12-23 00:01 – Updated: 2021-12-29 00:01An issue was discovered in Quest KACE Desktop Authority before 11.2. /dacomponentui/profiles/profileitems/outlooksettings/Insertimage.aspx contains a vulnerability that could allow pre-authentication remote code execution. An attacker could upload a .ASP file to reside at /images/{GUID}/{filename}.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2021-44031"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-434"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2021-12-22T06:15:00Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "An issue was discovered in Quest KACE Desktop Authority before 11.2. /dacomponentui/profiles/profileitems/outlooksettings/Insertimage.aspx contains a vulnerability that could allow pre-authentication remote code execution. An attacker could upload a .ASP file to reside at /images/{GUID}/{filename}.",
"id": "GHSA-8q8x-2f93-mwpm",
"modified": "2021-12-29T00:01:37Z",
"published": "2021-12-23T00:01:35Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-44031"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.quest.com/kace-desktop-authority/kb/336098/quest-response-to-desktop-authority-vulnerabilities-prior-to-11-2"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-8Q99-W8JG-3W74
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-03-24 00:30 – Updated: 2026-03-24 00:30Census CSWeb 8.0.1 allows arbitrary file upload. A remote, authenticated attacker could upload a malicious file, possibly leading to remote code execution. Fixed in 8.1.0 alpha.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-60947"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-434"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-03-23T22:16:22Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Census CSWeb 8.0.1 allows arbitrary file upload. A remote, authenticated attacker could upload a malicious file, possibly leading to remote code execution. Fixed in 8.1.0 alpha.",
"id": "GHSA-8q99-w8jg-3w74",
"modified": "2026-03-24T00:30:24Z",
"published": "2026-03-24T00:30:24Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-60947"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/csprousers/csweb/commit/eba0b59a243390a1a4f9524cce6dbc0314bf0d91"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/hx381/cspro-exploits"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cisagov/CSAF/develop/csaf_files/IT/white/2026/va-26-082-01.json"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.cve.org/CVERecord?id=CVE-2025-60947"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
},
{
"score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
"type": "CVSS_V4"
}
]
}
GHSA-8QC4-F7M5-569P
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-11-04 15:31 – Updated: 2026-04-01 18:32Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type vulnerability in Rudra Innnovative Software Training – Courses allows Upload a Web Shell to a Web Server.This issue affects Training – Courses: from n/a through 2.0.1.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-50529"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-434"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-11-04T14:15:15Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Unrestricted Upload of File with Dangerous Type vulnerability in Rudra Innnovative Software Training \u2013 Courses allows Upload a Web Shell to a Web Server.This issue affects Training \u2013 Courses: from n/a through 2.0.1.",
"id": "GHSA-8qc4-f7m5-569p",
"modified": "2026-04-01T18:32:17Z",
"published": "2024-11-04T15:31:58Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-50529"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/training/vulnerability/wordpress-training-courses-plugin-2-0-1-arbitrary-file-upload-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://patchstack.com/database/vulnerability/training/wordpress-training-courses-plugin-2-0-1-arbitrary-file-upload-vulnerability?_s_id=cve"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
Mitigation
Generate a new, unique filename for an uploaded file instead of using the user-supplied filename, so that no external input is used at all.[REF-422] [REF-423]
Mitigation MIT-21
Strategy: Enforcement by Conversion
When the set of acceptable objects, such as filenames or URLs, is limited or known, create a mapping from a set of fixed input values (such as numeric IDs) to the actual filenames or URLs, and reject all other inputs.
Mitigation
Consider storing the uploaded files outside of the web document root entirely. Then, use other mechanisms to deliver the files dynamically. [REF-423]
Mitigation MIT-5
Strategy: Input Validation
- Assume all input is malicious. Use an "accept known good" input validation strategy, i.e., use a list of acceptable inputs that strictly conform to specifications. Reject any input that does not strictly conform to specifications, or transform it into something that does.
- When performing input validation, consider all potentially relevant properties, including length, type of input, the full range of acceptable values, missing or extra inputs, syntax, consistency across related fields, and conformance to business rules. As an example of business rule logic, "boat" may be syntactically valid because it only contains alphanumeric characters, but it is not valid if the input is only expected to contain colors such as "red" or "blue."
- Do not rely exclusively on looking for malicious or malformed inputs. This is likely to miss at least one undesirable input, especially if the code's environment changes. This can give attackers enough room to bypass the intended validation. However, denylists can be useful for detecting potential attacks or determining which inputs are so malformed that they should be rejected outright.
- For example, limiting filenames to alphanumeric characters can help to restrict the introduction of unintended file extensions.
Mitigation
Define a very limited set of allowable extensions and only generate filenames that end in these extensions. Consider the possibility of XSS (CWE-79) before allowing .html or .htm file types.
Mitigation
Strategy: Input Validation
Ensure that only one extension is used in the filename. Some web servers, including some versions of Apache, may process files based on inner extensions so that "filename.php.gif" is fed to the PHP interpreter.[REF-422] [REF-423]
Mitigation
When running on a web server that supports case-insensitive filenames, perform case-insensitive evaluations of the extensions that are provided.
Mitigation MIT-15
For any security checks that are performed on the client side, ensure that these checks are duplicated on the server side, in order to avoid CWE-602. Attackers can bypass the client-side checks by modifying values after the checks have been performed, or by changing the client to remove the client-side checks entirely. Then, these modified values would be submitted to the server.
Mitigation
Do not rely exclusively on sanity checks of file contents to ensure that the file is of the expected type and size. It may be possible for an attacker to hide code in some file segments that will still be executed by the server. For example, GIF images may contain a free-form comments field.
Mitigation
Do not rely exclusively on the MIME content type or filename attribute when determining how to render a file. Validating the MIME content type and ensuring that it matches the extension is only a partial solution.
Mitigation MIT-17
Strategy: Environment Hardening
Run your code using the lowest privileges that are required to accomplish the necessary tasks [REF-76]. If possible, create isolated accounts with limited privileges that are only used for a single task. That way, a successful attack will not immediately give the attacker access to the rest of the software or its environment. For example, database applications rarely need to run as the database administrator, especially in day-to-day operations.
Mitigation MIT-22
Strategy: Sandbox or Jail
- Run the code in a "jail" or similar sandbox environment that enforces strict boundaries between the process and the operating system. This may effectively restrict which files can be accessed in a particular directory or which commands can be executed by the software.
- OS-level examples include the Unix chroot jail, AppArmor, and SELinux. In general, managed code may provide some protection. For example, java.io.FilePermission in the Java SecurityManager allows the software to specify restrictions on file operations.
- This may not be a feasible solution, and it only limits the impact to the operating system; the rest of the application may still be subject to compromise.
- Be careful to avoid CWE-243 and other weaknesses related to jails.
CAPEC-1: Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs
In applications, particularly web applications, access to functionality is mitigated by an authorization framework. This framework maps Access Control Lists (ACLs) to elements of the application's functionality; particularly URL's for web apps. In the case that the administrator failed to specify an ACL for a particular element, an attacker may be able to access it with impunity. An attacker with the ability to access functionality not properly constrained by ACLs can obtain sensitive information and possibly compromise the entire application. Such an attacker can access resources that must be available only to users at a higher privilege level, can access management sections of the application, or can run queries for data that they otherwise not supposed to.