Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-426

Allowed-with-Review

Untrusted Search Path

Abstraction: Base · Status: Stable

API response cwe.mitre.org

The product searches for critical resources using an externally-supplied search path that can point to resources that are not under the product's direct control.

936 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

GHSA-G7WV-3J9Q-38RM

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 19:20 – Updated: 2022-05-24 19:20
VLAI
Details

Uncontrolled search path in the Intel(R) RealSense(TM) D400 Series UWP driver for Windows 10 before version 6.1.160.22 may allow an authenticated user to potentially enable escalation of privilege via local access.

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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2021-33063"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-426"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2021-11-17T20:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Uncontrolled search path in the Intel(R) RealSense(TM) D400 Series UWP driver for Windows 10 before version 6.1.160.22 may allow an authenticated user to potentially enable escalation of privilege via local access.",
  "id": "GHSA-g7wv-3j9q-38rm",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T19:20:58Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T19:20:58Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2021-33063"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/security-center/advisory/intel-sa-00557.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-G8R7-88VW-G9XX

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:06 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:06
VLAI
Details

Untrusted search path vulnerability in the installer of PhishWall Client Internet Explorer version Ver. 3.7.13 and earlier allows remote attackers to gain privileges via a Trojan horse DLL in an unspecified directory.

Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2017-2130"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-426"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2017-04-28T16:59:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Untrusted search path vulnerability in the installer of PhishWall Client Internet Explorer version Ver. 3.7.13 and earlier allows remote attackers to gain privileges via a Trojan horse DLL in an unspecified directory.",
  "id": "GHSA-g8r7-88vw-g9xx",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:06:08Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:06:08Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-2130"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://jvn.jp/en/jp/JVN93699304/index.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securebrain.co.jp/about/news/2017/03/170316.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/97113"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-G985-WJH9-QXXC

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-04-10 19:32 – Updated: 2026-04-14 21:54
VLAI
Summary
PraisonAI Vulnerable to RCE via Automatic tools.py Import
Details

PraisonAI automatically imports ./tools.py from the current working directory when launching certain components. This includes call.py, tool_resolver.py, and CLI tool-loading paths.

A malicious tools.py placed in the process working directory is executed immediately, allowing arbitrary Python code execution in the host environment.

Affected Code

  • call.py → import_tools_from_file()
  • tool_resolver.py → _load_local_tools()
  • tools.py → local tool import flow

PoC

Create tools.py in the directory where PraisonAI is launched:

# tools.py
import os
os.system("echo pwned > /tmp/pwned.txt")

Run any PraisonAI component that loads local tools, for example:

praisonai workflow run safe.yaml

Reproduction Steps

  1. Create a malicious tools.py in the current working directory.
  2. Start PraisonAI or invoke a CLI command that loads local tools.
  3. Verify that /tmp/pwned.txt or the malicious command output exists.

Impact

An attacker who can place or influence tools.py in the working directory can execute arbitrary code in the PraisonAI process, compromising the host and any connected data.

Reporter: Lakshmikanthan K (letchupkt)

Severity
8.4 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
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{
  "affected": [
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 1.5.139"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "praisonaiagents"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "1.5.140"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "database_specific": {
        "last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 4.5.138"
      },
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "PyPI",
        "name": "PraisonAI"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "4.5.139"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-40287"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-426",
      "CWE-94"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-04-10T19:32:32Z",
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-04-14T04:17:11Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "PraisonAI automatically imports `./tools.py` from the current working directory when launching certain components. This includes call.py, tool_resolver.py, and CLI tool-loading paths.\n\nA malicious tools.py placed in the process working directory is executed immediately, allowing arbitrary Python code execution in the host environment.\n\n### Affected Code\n- call.py \u2192 `import_tools_from_file()`\n- tool_resolver.py \u2192 `_load_local_tools()`\n- tools.py \u2192 local tool import flow\n- \n\n### PoC\nCreate tools.py in the directory where PraisonAI is launched:\n\n```python\n# tools.py\nimport os\nos.system(\"echo pwned \u003e /tmp/pwned.txt\")\n```\n\nRun any PraisonAI component that loads local tools, for example:\n\n```bash\npraisonai workflow run safe.yaml\n```\n\n### Reproduction Steps\n1. Create a malicious tools.py in the current working directory.\n2. Start PraisonAI or invoke a CLI command that loads local tools.\n3. Verify that `/tmp/pwned.txt` or the malicious command output exists.\n\n### Impact\nAn attacker who can place or influence tools.py in the working directory can execute arbitrary code in the PraisonAI process, compromising the host and any connected data.\n\n**Reporter:** Lakshmikanthan K (letchupkt)",
  "id": "GHSA-g985-wjh9-qxxc",
  "modified": "2026-04-14T21:54:23Z",
  "published": "2026-04-10T19:32:32Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/MervinPraison/PraisonAI/security/advisories/GHSA-g985-wjh9-qxxc"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-40287"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/MervinPraison/PraisonAI"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/MervinPraison/PraisonAI/releases/tag/v4.5.139"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "PraisonAI Vulnerable to RCE via Automatic tools.py Import"
}

GHSA-G997-2WCF-J63G

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-01-31 15:30 – Updated: 2025-02-18 21:32
VLAI
Details

Local privilege escalation due to DLL hijacking vulnerability. The following products are affected: Acronis Cyber Protect Cloud Agent (Windows) before build 39378.

Severity
6.3 (Medium)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-24827"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-426"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-01-31T13:15:27Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Local privilege escalation due to DLL hijacking vulnerability. The following products are affected: Acronis Cyber Protect Cloud Agent (Windows) before build 39378.",
  "id": "GHSA-g997-2wcf-j63g",
  "modified": "2025-02-18T21:32:35Z",
  "published": "2025-01-31T15:30:44Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-24827"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://security-advisory.acronis.com/advisories/SEC-7841"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-GF36-C938-GJRW

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-08-23 12:31 – Updated: 2026-08-23 12:31
VLAI
Details

privilege escalation in StackGres operator allows a low-privilege tenant who owns a database to gain administrator privileges

Severity
9.9 (Critical)
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-78155"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-426"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-08-23T10:16:28Z",
    "severity": "CRITICAL"
  },
  "details": "privilege escalation in StackGres operator allows a low-privilege tenant who owns a database to gain administrator privileges",
  "id": "GHSA-gf36-c938-gjrw",
  "modified": "2026-08-23T12:31:06Z",
  "published": "2026-08-23T12:31:06Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-78155"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://gitlab.com/ongresinc/stackgres/-/work_items/3177"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-GF5F-PGFJ-4CV4

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 00:51 – Updated: 2025-04-20 03:45
VLAI
Details

Untrusted search path vulnerability in "i-filter 6.0 install program" file version 1.0.8.1 and earlier allows an attacker to gain privileges via a Trojan horse DLL in an unspecified directory.

Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2017-10858"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-426"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2017-09-15T17:29:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Untrusted search path vulnerability in \"i-filter 6.0 install program\" file version 1.0.8.1 and earlier allows an attacker to gain privileges via a Trojan horse DLL in an unspecified directory.",
  "id": "GHSA-gf5f-pgfj-4cv4",
  "modified": "2025-04-20T03:45:22Z",
  "published": "2022-05-17T00:51:05Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-10858"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://jvn.jp/en/jp/JVN75929834/index.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.daj.jp/cs/info/2017/0912"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-GGJH-PXH2-2W28

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-03-22 18:30 – Updated: 2023-03-22 18:30
VLAI
Details

Creative Cloud version 5.9.1 (and earlier) is affected by an Untrusted Search Path vulnerability that might allow attackers to execute their own programs, access unauthorized data files, or modify configuration in unexpected ways. If the application uses a search path to locate critical resources such as programs, then an attacker could modify that search path to point to a malicious program, which the targeted application would then execute. The problem extends to any type of critical resource that the application trusts.

Severity
8.6 (High)
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2023-26358"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-426"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2023-03-22T17:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Creative Cloud version 5.9.1 (and earlier) is affected by an Untrusted Search Path vulnerability that might allow attackers to execute their own programs, access unauthorized data files, or modify configuration in unexpected ways. If the application uses a search path to locate critical resources such as programs, then an attacker could modify that search path to point to a malicious program, which the targeted application would then execute. The problem extends to any type of critical resource that the application trusts.",
  "id": "GHSA-ggjh-pxh2-2w28",
  "modified": "2023-03-22T18:30:39Z",
  "published": "2023-03-22T18:30:39Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-26358"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/creative-cloud/apsb23-21.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-GHQG-R775-F425

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 01:57 – Updated: 2022-05-17 01:57
VLAI
Details

Untrusted search path vulnerability in TDB CA TypeA use software Version 5.2 and earlier, distributed until 10 August 2017 allows an attacker to gain privileges via a Trojan horse DLL in an unspecified directory.

Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2017-10824"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-426"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2017-08-18T13:29:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Untrusted search path vulnerability in TDB CA TypeA use software Version 5.2 and earlier, distributed until 10 August 2017 allows an attacker to gain privileges via a Trojan horse DLL in an unspecified directory.",
  "id": "GHSA-ghqg-r775-f425",
  "modified": "2022-05-17T01:57:42Z",
  "published": "2022-05-17T01:57:42Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-10824"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://jvn.jp/en/jp/JVN18641169/index.html"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-GJQM-XJ5V-7CVF

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-14 01:48 – Updated: 2022-05-14 01:48
VLAI
Details

Adobe Framemaker versions 1.0.5.1 and below have an insecure library loading (dll hijacking) vulnerability. Successful exploitation could lead to privilege escalation.

Severity
7.8 (High)
CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2018-15974"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-426"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2018-10-17T18:29:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Adobe Framemaker versions 1.0.5.1 and below have an insecure library loading (dll hijacking) vulnerability. Successful exploitation could lead to privilege escalation.",
  "id": "GHSA-gjqm-xj5v-7cvf",
  "modified": "2022-05-14T01:48:26Z",
  "published": "2022-05-14T01:48:26Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-15974"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/151002"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/framemaker/apsb18-37.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/105537"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-GM93-3F63-R64C

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-12-01 15:30 – Updated: 2025-12-01 15:30
VLAI
Details

Library loading on AIX Zabbix Agent builds can be hijacked by local users with write access to the /home/cecuser directory.

Severity
5.9 (Medium)
CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N
Show details on source website
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{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-49642"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-426"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-12-01T14:16:05Z",
    "severity": "MODERATE"
  },
  "details": "Library loading on AIX Zabbix Agent builds can be hijacked by local users with write access to the /home/cecuser directory.",
  "id": "GHSA-gm93-3f63-r64c",
  "modified": "2025-12-01T15:30:17Z",
  "published": "2025-12-01T15:30:17Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-49642"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://support.zabbix.com/browse/ZBX-27283"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:L/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}
Mitigation
Architecture and Design Implementation

Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction

Hard-code the search path to a set of known-safe values (such as system directories), or only allow them to be specified by the administrator in a configuration file. Do not allow these settings to be modified by an external party. Be careful to avoid related weaknesses such as CWE-426 and CWE-428.

Mitigation
Implementation

When invoking other programs, specify those programs using fully-qualified pathnames. While this is an effective approach, code that uses fully-qualified pathnames might not be portable to other systems that do not use the same pathnames. The portability can be improved by locating the full-qualified paths in a centralized, easily-modifiable location within the source code, and having the code refer to these paths.

Mitigation
Implementation

Remove or restrict all environment settings before invoking other programs. This includes the PATH environment variable, LD_LIBRARY_PATH, and other settings that identify the location of code libraries, and any application-specific search paths.

Mitigation
Implementation

Check your search path before use and remove any elements that are likely to be unsafe, such as the current working directory or a temporary files directory.

Mitigation
Implementation

Use other functions that require explicit paths. Making use of any of the other readily available functions that require explicit paths is a safe way to avoid this problem. For example, system() in C does not require a full path since the shell can take care of it, while execl() and execv() require a full path.

CAPEC-38: Leveraging/Manipulating Configuration File Search Paths

This pattern of attack sees an adversary load a malicious resource into a program's standard path so that when a known command is executed then the system instead executes the malicious component. The adversary can either modify the search path a program uses, like a PATH variable or classpath, or they can manipulate resources on the path to point to their malicious components. J2EE applications and other component based applications that are built from multiple binaries can have very long list of dependencies to execute. If one of these libraries and/or references is controllable by the attacker then application controls can be circumvented by the attacker.

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