Common Weakness Enumeration

CWE-426

Allowed-with-Review

Untrusted Search Path

Abstraction: Base · Status: Stable

The product searches for critical resources using an externally-supplied search path that can point to resources that are not under the product's direct control.

1000 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.

CVE-2011-4125 (GCVE-0-2011-4125)

Vulnerability from cvelistv5 – Published: 2021-10-27 00:50 – Updated: 2024-08-07 00:01
VLAI
Summary
A untrusted search path issue was found in Calibre at devices/linux_mount_helper.c leading to the ability of unprivileged users to execute any program as root.
Severity
No CVSS data available.
CWE
Assigner
redhat CNA under the redhat root
CNA scorecard B 82/100 over 1032 records in the last 180 days details
Impacted products
Vendor Product Version
n/a Calibre Affected: unknown
Show details on NVD website

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GHSA-22RR-C324-2VJ7

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-01-27 18:32 – Updated: 2025-01-27 18:32
VLAI
Details

A vulnerability, which was classified as problematic, has been found in Discord up to 1.0.9177 on Windows. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality in the library profapi.dll. The manipulation leads to untrusted search path. The attack needs to be approached locally. The complexity of an attack is rather high. The exploitation is known to be difficult. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2025-0732"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
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    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2025-01-27T18:15:40Z",
    "severity": "LOW"
  },
  "details": "A vulnerability, which was classified as problematic, has been found in Discord up to 1.0.9177 on Windows. Affected by this issue is some unknown functionality in the library profapi.dll. The manipulation leads to untrusted search path. The attack needs to be approached locally. The complexity of an attack is rather high. The exploitation is known to be difficult. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.",
  "id": "GHSA-22rr-c324-2vj7",
  "modified": "2025-01-27T18:32:02Z",
  "published": "2025-01-27T18:32:02Z",
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      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-0732"
    },
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      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.293510"
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      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.293510"
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      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.481209"
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      "type": "CVSS_V3"
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      "type": "CVSS_V4"
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  ]
}

GHSA-23XJ-W5QM-57J6

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 00:32 – Updated: 2022-05-17 00:32
VLAI
Details

Untrusted search path vulnerability in Installer of HIBUN Confidential File Viewer prior to 11.20.0001 allows an attacker to gain privileges via a Trojan horse DLL in an unspecified directory.

Show details on source website

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  "affected": [],
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  "details": "Untrusted search path vulnerability in Installer of HIBUN Confidential File Viewer prior to 11.20.0001 allows an attacker to gain privileges via a Trojan horse DLL in an unspecified directory.",
  "id": "GHSA-23xj-w5qm-57j6",
  "modified": "2022-05-17T00:32:07Z",
  "published": "2022-05-17T00:32:07Z",
  "references": [
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      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-10864"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://jvn.jp/en/jp/JVN94056834/index.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.hitachi-solutions.co.jp/hibun/sp/support/importance/20170929.html"
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      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-2425-8942-CJHP

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-02-16 09:30 – Updated: 2026-02-16 09:30
VLAI
Details

A security flaw has been discovered in Flos Freeware Notepad2 4.2.22/4.2.23/4.2.24/4.2.25. Affected is an unknown function in the library Msimg32.dll. Performing a manipulation results in uncontrolled search path. Attacking locally is a requirement. The attack's complexity is rated as high. The exploitability is told to be difficult. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.

Show details on source website

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  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
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    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2026-02-16T07:17:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "A security flaw has been discovered in Flos Freeware Notepad2 4.2.22/4.2.23/4.2.24/4.2.25. Affected is an unknown function in the library Msimg32.dll. Performing a manipulation results in uncontrolled search path. Attacking locally is a requirement. The attack\u0027s complexity is rated as high. The exploitability is told to be difficult. The vendor was contacted early about this disclosure but did not respond in any way.",
  "id": "GHSA-2425-8942-cjhp",
  "modified": "2026-02-16T09:30:30Z",
  "published": "2026-02-16T09:30:30Z",
  "references": [
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      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-2538"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/Cyber-Wo0dy/report/blob/main/notepad2/4.2.25/notepad2_dll_hijacking.md"
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      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?ctiid.346126"
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      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?id.346126"
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      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://vuldb.com/?submit.749345"
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      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
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      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:H/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-244Q-C67C-J2H7

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-24 16:54 – Updated: 2022-05-24 16:54
VLAI
Details

DLL preloading vulnerability in Autodesk Design Review versions 2011, 2012, 2013, and 2018. An attacker may trick a user into opening a malicious DWF file that may leverage a DLL preloading vulnerability, which may result in code execution.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2019-7362"
  ],
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    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-08-23T20:15:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "DLL preloading vulnerability in Autodesk Design Review versions 2011, 2012, 2013, and 2018. An attacker may trick a user into opening a malicious DWF file that may leverage a DLL preloading vulnerability, which may result in code execution.",
  "id": "GHSA-244q-c67c-j2h7",
  "modified": "2022-05-24T16:54:42Z",
  "published": "2022-05-24T16:54:42Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2019-7362"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.autodesk.com/trust/security-advisories/adsk-sa-2019-0002"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": []
}

GHSA-2468-4CFJ-QFQ3

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:12 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:12
VLAI
Details

Rapid7 AppSpider Pro installers prior to version 6.14.053 contain a DLL preloading vulnerability, wherein it is possible for the installer to load a malicious DLL located in the current working directory of the installer.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2017-5233"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
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    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2017-03-02T20:59:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Rapid7 AppSpider Pro installers prior to version 6.14.053 contain a DLL preloading vulnerability, wherein it is possible for the installer to load a malicious DLL located in the current working directory of the installer.",
  "id": "GHSA-2468-4cfj-qfq3",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:12:12Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:12:12Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-5233"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://community.rapid7.com/community/infosec/blog/2017/03/01/multiple-vulnerabilities-affecting-four-rapid7-products"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/96957"
    }
  ],
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  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-24FV-MMR6-7GC5

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-17 02:28 – Updated: 2022-05-17 02:28
VLAI
Details

Adobe Shockwave versions 12.2.7.197 and earlier have an insecure library loading (DLL hijacking) vulnerability. Successful exploitation could lead to escalation of privilege.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2017-2983"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
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    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2017-03-14T16:59:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Adobe Shockwave versions 12.2.7.197 and earlier have an insecure library loading (DLL hijacking) vulnerability. Successful exploitation could lead to escalation of privilege.",
  "id": "GHSA-24fv-mmr6-7gc5",
  "modified": "2022-05-17T02:28:34Z",
  "published": "2022-05-17T02:28:34Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2017-2983"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://helpx.adobe.com/security/products/shockwave/apsb17-08.html"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/bid/96863"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "http://www.securitytracker.com/id/1037993"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ]
}

GHSA-24Q8-6WPC-MX3G

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-13 01:12 – Updated: 2022-05-13 01:12
VLAI
Details

Avecto Defendpoint 4 prior to 4.4 SR6 and 5 prior to 5.1 SR1 has an Untrusted Search Path vulnerability, exploitable by modifying environment variables to trigger automatic elevation of an attacker's process launch.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2018-10959"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
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    "github_reviewed": false,
    "github_reviewed_at": null,
    "nvd_published_at": "2019-04-17T15:29:00Z",
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "Avecto Defendpoint 4 prior to 4.4 SR6 and 5 prior to 5.1 SR1 has an Untrusted Search Path vulnerability, exploitable by modifying environment variables to trigger automatic elevation of an attacker\u0027s process launch.",
  "id": "GHSA-24q8-6wpc-mx3g",
  "modified": "2022-05-13T01:12:17Z",
  "published": "2022-05-13T01:12:17Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2018-10959"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://hackandpwn.com/assets/2019-04-17-cve-2018-10959/Defendpoint_Windows_Client_Release_Notes_4.4.267.0_SR6.pdf"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://hackandpwn.com/assets/2019-04-17-cve-2018-10959/Defendpoint_Windows_Client_Release_Notes_5.1.149.0_SR1.pdf"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://hackandpwn.com/cve-2018-10959"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.beyondtrust.com/docs/release-notes/privilege-management/windows-and-mac/windows/pm-windows-4-4-sr6.pdf"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.beyondtrust.com/docs/release-notes/privilege-management/windows-and-mac/windows/pm-windows-5-1.pdf"
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}

GHSA-24VR-RPRV-67RF

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-18 20:33 – Updated: 2026-06-18 20:33
VLAI
Summary
OpenClaw: Workspace .env npm_execpath could influence bundled runtime dependency install
Details

Summary

Workspace .env npm_execpath could influence bundled runtime dependency install. In affected versions, a workspace .env in a repository opened by a trusted operator could override the package-manager executable path used by the install helper.

This advisory is scoped to the named feature and configuration. It does not change OpenClaw's trusted-operator model: authenticated Gateway operators, installed plugins, and intentional local execution surfaces remain trusted unless a separate policy, approval, allowlist, sandbox, or auth boundary is crossed.

Impact

When the affected feature is enabled and reachable, this could run an unintended local package-manager executable during dependency setup. Practical impact depends on the operator's configuration and whether lower-trust input can reach that path.

Patched Versions

The first stable patched version is 2026.4.29.

Mitigations

install bundled runtime dependencies from trusted workspaces until patched. As general hardening, keep channel and tool allowlists narrow, avoid sharing one Gateway between mutually untrusted users, and disable the affected feature when it is not needed.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "npm",
        "name": "openclaw"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "2026.4.29"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [
    "CVE-2026-53846"
  ],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-426"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2026-06-18T20:33:54Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "### Summary\n\nWorkspace .env npm_execpath could influence bundled runtime dependency install. In affected versions, a workspace `.env` in a repository opened by a trusted operator could override the package-manager executable path used by the install helper.\n\nThis advisory is scoped to the named feature and configuration. It does not change OpenClaw\u0027s trusted-operator model: authenticated Gateway operators, installed plugins, and intentional local execution surfaces remain trusted unless a separate policy, approval, allowlist, sandbox, or auth boundary is crossed.\n\n### Impact\n\nWhen the affected feature is enabled and reachable, this could run an unintended local package-manager executable during dependency setup. Practical impact depends on the operator\u0027s configuration and whether lower-trust input can reach that path.\n\n### Patched Versions\n\nThe first stable patched version is `2026.4.29`.\n\n### Mitigations\n\ninstall bundled runtime dependencies from trusted workspaces until patched. As general hardening, keep channel and tool allowlists narrow, avoid sharing one Gateway between mutually untrusted users, and disable the affected feature when it is not needed.",
  "id": "GHSA-24vr-rprv-67rf",
  "modified": "2026-06-18T20:33:54Z",
  "published": "2026-06-18T20:33:54Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw/security/advisories/GHSA-24vr-rprv-67rf"
    },
    {
      "type": "ADVISORY",
      "url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-53846"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/openclaw/openclaw"
    },
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/openclaw-arbitrary-package-manager-execution-via-workspace-env-npm-execpath"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    },
    {
      "score": "CVSS:4.0/AV:L/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N",
      "type": "CVSS_V4"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "OpenClaw: Workspace .env npm_execpath could influence bundled runtime dependency install"
}

GHSA-259P-RVJX-FFWG

Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-02-08 18:24 – Updated: 2024-02-08 18:24
VLAI
Summary
Panel::Software Customized WiX .be TEMP folder is vulnerable to DLL redirection attacks that allow the attacker to escalate privileges
Details

Summary

.be TEMP folder is vulnerable to DLL redirection attacks that allow the attacker to escalate privileges.

Details

If the bundle is not run as admin, the user's TEMP folder is used and not the system TEMP folder. A utility is able to monitor the user's TEMP folder for changes and drop its own DLL into the .be/.Local folder immediately when the .be folder is created. When the burn engine elevates, the malicious DLL receives elevated privileges.

PoC

As a standard, non-admin user:

  1. Monitor the user's TEMP folder for changes using ReadDirectoryChangesW
  2. On FILE_ACTION_ADDED, check if the folder name is .be
  3. Create a folder in .be named after the bundle + .Local (e.g. MyInstaller.exe.Local)
  4. Put the malicious COMCTL32.DLL in the .Local folder following the naming used for the real DLL (e.g. MyInstaller.exe.Local/x86_microsoft.windows.common-controls_.../COMCTL32.dll)
  5. Do hacker things when the engine escalates and the malicious DLL is loaded

Proper naming for the path can be obtained by using GetModuleHandle("comctl32.dll") and GetModuleFileName.

Impact

DLL redirection utilizing .exe.Local Windows capability. This impacts any installer built with the WiX installer framework.

Show details on source website

{
  "affected": [
    {
      "package": {
        "ecosystem": "NuGet",
        "name": "PanelSW.Custom.WiX"
      },
      "ranges": [
        {
          "events": [
            {
              "introduced": "0"
            },
            {
              "fixed": "3.15.0-a44"
            }
          ],
          "type": "ECOSYSTEM"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "aliases": [],
  "database_specific": {
    "cwe_ids": [
      "CWE-426"
    ],
    "github_reviewed": true,
    "github_reviewed_at": "2024-02-08T18:24:21Z",
    "nvd_published_at": null,
    "severity": "HIGH"
  },
  "details": "# Summary\n\n.be TEMP folder is vulnerable to DLL redirection attacks that allow the attacker to escalate privileges.\n\n# Details\n\nIf the bundle is not run as admin, the user\u0027s TEMP folder is used and not the system TEMP folder. A utility is able to monitor the user\u0027s TEMP folder for changes and drop its own DLL into the .be/.Local folder immediately when the .be folder is created. When the burn engine elevates, the malicious DLL receives elevated privileges.\n\n# PoC\n\nAs a standard, non-admin user:\n\n1.  Monitor the user\u0027s TEMP folder for changes using ReadDirectoryChangesW\n1.  On FILE_ACTION_ADDED, check if the folder name is .be\n1.  Create a folder in .be named after the bundle + .Local (e.g. MyInstaller.exe.Local)\n1.  Put the malicious COMCTL32.DLL in the .Local folder following the naming used for the real DLL (e.g. MyInstaller.exe.Local/x86_microsoft.windows.common-controls_.../COMCTL32.dll)\n1.  Do hacker things when the engine escalates and the malicious DLL is loaded\n\nProper naming for the path can be obtained by using GetModuleHandle(\"comctl32.dll\") and GetModuleFileName.\n\n# Impact\n\nDLL redirection utilizing .exe.Local Windows capability. This impacts any installer built with the WiX installer framework.\n",
  "id": "GHSA-259p-rvjx-ffwg",
  "modified": "2024-02-08T18:24:21Z",
  "published": "2024-02-08T18:24:21Z",
  "references": [
    {
      "type": "WEB",
      "url": "https://github.com/nirbar/wix3/security/advisories/GHSA-259p-rvjx-ffwg"
    },
    {
      "type": "PACKAGE",
      "url": "https://github.com/nirbar/wix3"
    }
  ],
  "schema_version": "1.4.0",
  "severity": [
    {
      "score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H",
      "type": "CVSS_V3"
    }
  ],
  "summary": "Panel::Software Customized WiX .be TEMP folder is vulnerable to DLL redirection attacks that allow the attacker to escalate privileges"
}

Mitigation
Architecture and Design Implementation

Strategy: Attack Surface Reduction

Hard-code the search path to a set of known-safe values (such as system directories), or only allow them to be specified by the administrator in a configuration file. Do not allow these settings to be modified by an external party. Be careful to avoid related weaknesses such as CWE-426 and CWE-428.

Mitigation
Implementation

When invoking other programs, specify those programs using fully-qualified pathnames. While this is an effective approach, code that uses fully-qualified pathnames might not be portable to other systems that do not use the same pathnames. The portability can be improved by locating the full-qualified paths in a centralized, easily-modifiable location within the source code, and having the code refer to these paths.

Mitigation
Implementation

Remove or restrict all environment settings before invoking other programs. This includes the PATH environment variable, LD_LIBRARY_PATH, and other settings that identify the location of code libraries, and any application-specific search paths.

Mitigation
Implementation

Check your search path before use and remove any elements that are likely to be unsafe, such as the current working directory or a temporary files directory.

Mitigation
Implementation

Use other functions that require explicit paths. Making use of any of the other readily available functions that require explicit paths is a safe way to avoid this problem. For example, system() in C does not require a full path since the shell can take care of it, while execl() and execv() require a full path.

CAPEC-38: Leveraging/Manipulating Configuration File Search Paths

This pattern of attack sees an adversary load a malicious resource into a program's standard path so that when a known command is executed then the system instead executes the malicious component. The adversary can either modify the search path a program uses, like a PATH variable or classpath, or they can manipulate resources on the path to point to their malicious components. J2EE applications and other component based applications that are built from multiple binaries can have very long list of dependencies to execute. If one of these libraries and/or references is controllable by the attacker then application controls can be circumvented by the attacker.