CWE-384
AllowedSession Fixation
Abstraction: Compound · Status: Incomplete
Authenticating a user, or otherwise establishing a new user session, without invalidating any existing session identifier gives an attacker the opportunity to steal authenticated sessions.
560 vulnerabilities reference this CWE, most recent first.
GHSA-47VG-483W-HP3M
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-25 00:00 – Updated: 2022-06-06 17:58FileGator prior to version 7.8.0 is vulnerable to session fixation.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Packagist",
"name": "filegator/filegator"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"fixed": "7.8.0"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2022-1849"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-384"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2022-05-25T22:44:17Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2022-05-24T16:15:00Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "FileGator prior to version 7.8.0 is vulnerable to session fixation.",
"id": "GHSA-47vg-483w-hp3m",
"modified": "2022-06-06T17:58:46Z",
"published": "2022-05-25T00:00:31Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2022-1849"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/filegator/filegator/commit/fcd3995f64f5dfc6a4c2c059cc22a2fef1e81225"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/filegator/filegator"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://huntr.dev/bounties/881f8f36-d5c8-470d-8261-f109e6d5db4b"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Improper user session handling in filegator"
}
GHSA-4883-CVPP-V36G
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2022-05-01 18:21 – Updated: 2025-04-09 03:44Session fixation vulnerability in Joomla! before 1.0.13 (aka Sunglow) allows remote attackers to hijack administrative web sessions via unspecified vectors.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2007-4188"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-384"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2007-08-08T01:17:00Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "Session fixation vulnerability in Joomla! before 1.0.13 (aka Sunglow) allows remote attackers to hijack administrative web sessions via unspecified vectors.",
"id": "GHSA-4883-cvpp-v36g",
"modified": "2025-04-09T03:44:51Z",
"published": "2022-05-01T18:21:10Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2007-4188"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/35953"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://secunia.com/advisories/26239"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.joomla.org/content/view/3677/1"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.securityfocus.com/archive/1/476017/100/0/threaded"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://www.vupen.com/english/advisories/2007/2719"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": []
}
GHSA-49CR-36MP-HMJP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-01-11 09:30 – Updated: 2025-01-11 09:30HCL MyXalytics is affected by a session fixation vulnerability. Cyber-criminals can exploit this by sending crafted URLs with a session token to access the victim's login session.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-42170"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-384"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-01-11T07:15:06Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "HCL MyXalytics is affected by a session fixation vulnerability. Cyber-criminals can exploit this by sending crafted URLs with a session token to access the victim\u0027s login session.",
"id": "GHSA-49cr-36mp-hmjp",
"modified": "2025-01-11T09:30:30Z",
"published": "2025-01-11T09:30:30Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-42170"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://support.hcl-software.com/csm?id=kb_article\u0026sysparm_article=KB0118149"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4C2F-665C-X845
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-02-09 03:33 – Updated: 2024-02-17 00:31IBM i Access Client Solutions (ACS) 1.1.2 through 1.1.4 and 1.1.4.3 through 1.1.9.4 is vulnerable to NT LAN Manager (NTLM) hash disclosure by an attacker modifying UNC capable paths within ACS configuration files to point to a hostile server. If NTLM is enabled, the Windows operating system will try to authenticate using the current user's session. The hostile server could capture the NTLM hash information to obtain the user's credentials. IBM X-Force ID: 279091.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-22318"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-200",
"CWE-327",
"CWE-384"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2024-02-09T01:15:09Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "IBM i Access Client Solutions (ACS) 1.1.2 through 1.1.4 and 1.1.4.3 through 1.1.9.4 is vulnerable to NT LAN Manager (NTLM) hash disclosure by an attacker modifying UNC capable paths within ACS configuration files to point to a hostile server. If NTLM is enabled, the Windows operating system will try to authenticate using the current user\u0027s session. The hostile server could capture the NTLM hash information to obtain the user\u0027s credentials. IBM X-Force ID: 279091.",
"id": "GHSA-4c2f-665c-x845",
"modified": "2024-02-17T00:31:38Z",
"published": "2024-02-09T03:33:11Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-22318"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://exchange.xforce.ibmcloud.com/vulnerabilities/279091"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/node/7116091"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://packetstormsecurity.com/files/177069/IBM-i-Access-Client-Solutions-Remote-Credential-Theft.html"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "http://seclists.org/fulldisclosure/2024/Feb/7"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4C8Q-5Q86-GVJ9
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2023-09-05 18:30 – Updated: 2024-04-04 07:29An issue in China Mobile Communications China Mobile Intelligent Home Gateway v.HG6543C4 allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code via the authentication mechanism.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2023-41012"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-384"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2023-09-05T16:15:07Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "An issue in China Mobile Communications China Mobile Intelligent Home Gateway v.HG6543C4 allows a remote attacker to execute arbitrary code via the authentication mechanism.",
"id": "GHSA-4c8q-5q86-gvj9",
"modified": "2024-04-04T07:29:03Z",
"published": "2023-09-05T18:30:22Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2023-41012"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/te5tb99/For-submitting/wiki/Command-Execution-Vulnerability-in-China-Mobile-Intelligent-Home-Gateway-HG6543C4-Identity-verification-has-design-flaws"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4CF6-Q58X-CJ63
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-01-28 00:32 – Updated: 2025-01-28 21:31An issue in youdiancms v.9.5.20 and before allows a remote attacker to escalate privileges via the sessionID parameter in the index.php file.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-57052"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-384"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-01-27T23:15:09Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "An issue in youdiancms v.9.5.20 and before allows a remote attacker to escalate privileges via the sessionID parameter in the index.php file.",
"id": "GHSA-4cf6-q58x-cj63",
"modified": "2025-01-28T21:31:03Z",
"published": "2025-01-28T00:32:15Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-57052"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://gist.github.com/yahaha9/720fb45bbebda62dc198568c8d275df8"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4CRW-P722-VR7H
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-07-28 21:31 – Updated: 2026-07-28 21:31The terraform-mcp-server before version 1.1.0 is vulnerable to an authorization bypass in the streamable-HTTP stateful transport mode that may allow a user who obtains another user's MCP session ID to have their tool calls executed using that user's Terraform credentials. This vulnerability, CVE-2026-16496, is fixed in terraform-mcp-server 1.1.0.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-16496"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-384"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2026-07-28T19:17:31Z",
"severity": "HIGH"
},
"details": "The terraform-mcp-server before version 1.1.0 is vulnerable to an authorization bypass in the streamable-HTTP stateful transport mode that may allow a user who obtains another user\u0027s MCP session ID to have their tool calls executed using that user\u0027s Terraform credentials. This vulnerability, CVE-2026-16496, is fixed in terraform-mcp-server 1.1.0.",
"id": "GHSA-4crw-p722-vr7h",
"modified": "2026-07-28T21:31:31Z",
"published": "2026-07-28T21:31:31Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-16496"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://discuss.hashicorp.com/t/hcsec-2026-23-multiple-vulnerabilities-impacting-hashicorp-terraform-mcp-server/77606"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:L",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4CWR-JP57-8CX6
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2025-03-05 06:31 – Updated: 2025-03-05 18:32Vasion Print (formerly PrinterLogic) before Virtual Appliance Host 22.0.843 Application 20.0.1923 allows Session Fixation OVE-20230524-0004.
{
"affected": [],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2025-27661"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-384"
],
"github_reviewed": false,
"github_reviewed_at": null,
"nvd_published_at": "2025-03-05T06:15:38Z",
"severity": "CRITICAL"
},
"details": "Vasion Print (formerly PrinterLogic) before Virtual Appliance Host 22.0.843 Application 20.0.1923 allows Session Fixation OVE-20230524-0004.",
"id": "GHSA-4cwr-jp57-8cx6",
"modified": "2025-03-05T18:32:08Z",
"published": "2025-03-05T06:31:42Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-27661"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://help.printerlogic.com/saas/Print/Security/Security-Bulletins.htm"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
]
}
GHSA-4FWJ-M62Q-PP47
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2024-12-30 16:46 – Updated: 2024-12-31 18:42Impact
A vulnerability has been reported in Password Pusher where an attacker can copy the session cookie before a user logs out, potentially allowing session hijacking.
Although the session token is replaced and invalidated upon logout, if an attacker manages to capture the session cookie before this process, they can use the token to gain unauthorized access to the user's session until the token expires or is manually cleared.
This vulnerability hinges on the attacker's ability to access the session cookie during an active session, either through a man-in-the-middle attack, by exploiting another vulnerability like XSS, or via direct access to the victim's device.
Patches
Although there is no direct resolution to this vulnerability, it is recommended to always use the latest version of Password Pusher to best mitigate risk.
Workarounds
If self-hosting, ensure Password Pusher is hosted exclusively over SSL connections to encrypt traffic and prevent session cookies from being intercepted in transit. Additionally, implement best practices in local security to safeguard user systems, browsers, and data against unauthorized access.
To further mitigate session hijacking risks, Password Pusher implements the following security measures:
- Automatic Session Expiration: Sessions are automatically expired after 2 hours of inactivity, reducing the window for potential exploitation.
- Session Reset on Login and Logout: Sessions are fully reset both when a user logs in and logs out, ensuring that session tokens are not reusable post-logout. This practice invalidates old session tokens and issues new ones, minimizing the risk of session hijacking.
- Encrypted Cookies: Cookies are encrypted using the value of SECRET_KEY_BASE from the application's configuration. This encryption adds a layer of protection against tampering or reading the session cookie's contents if intercepted, although it doesn't prevent the cookie from being used if stolen.
Note: While these measures significantly enhance security, they are part of a broader security strategy.
References
- https://edgeguides.rubyonrails.org/security.html#session-hijacking
Credits
Thank you to Positive Technologies for reporting and working with me to bring this CVE to the community.
{
"affected": [
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "RubyGems",
"name": "pwpush"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"last_affected": "1.50.3"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2024-56733"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-384"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2024-12-30T16:46:43Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2024-12-30T17:15:09Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "### Impact\n\nA vulnerability has been reported in Password Pusher where an attacker can copy the session cookie before a user logs out, potentially allowing session hijacking.\n\nAlthough the session token is replaced and invalidated upon logout, if an attacker manages to capture the session cookie before this process, they can use the token to gain unauthorized access to the user\u0027s session until the token expires or is manually cleared.\n\nThis vulnerability hinges on the attacker\u0027s ability to access the session cookie during an active session, either through a man-in-the-middle attack, by exploiting another vulnerability like XSS, or via direct access to the victim\u0027s device.\n\n### Patches\n\nAlthough there is no direct resolution to this vulnerability, it is recommended to always use the latest version of Password Pusher to best mitigate risk.\n\n### Workarounds\n\nIf self-hosting, ensure Password Pusher is hosted exclusively over SSL connections to encrypt traffic and prevent session cookies from being intercepted in transit. Additionally, implement best practices in local security to safeguard user systems, browsers, and data against unauthorized access.\n\nTo further mitigate session hijacking risks, Password Pusher implements the following security measures:\n\n1. **Automatic Session Expiration**: Sessions are automatically expired after 2 hours of inactivity, reducing the window for potential exploitation.\n2. **Session Reset on Login and Logout**: Sessions are fully reset both when a user logs in and logs out, ensuring that session tokens are not reusable post-logout. This practice invalidates old session tokens and issues new ones, minimizing the risk of session hijacking.\n3. **Encrypted Cookies**: Cookies are encrypted using the value of SECRET_KEY_BASE from the application\u0027s configuration. This encryption adds a layer of protection against tampering or reading the session cookie\u0027s contents if intercepted, although it doesn\u0027t prevent the cookie from being used if stolen.\n\n**Note**: While these measures significantly enhance security, they are part of a broader security strategy.\n\n### References\n\n* https://edgeguides.rubyonrails.org/security.html#session-hijacking\n\n### Credits\n\nThank you to [Positive Technologies](https://www.ptsecurity.com/ww-en/) for reporting and working with me to bring this CVE to the community.\n\n",
"id": "GHSA-4fwj-m62q-pp47",
"modified": "2024-12-31T18:42:50Z",
"published": "2024-12-30T16:46:43Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/pglombardo/PasswordPusher/security/advisories/GHSA-4fwj-m62q-pp47"
},
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2024-56733"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/pglombardo/PasswordPusher"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/rubysec/ruby-advisory-db/blob/master/gems/pwpush/CVE-2024-56733.yml"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Password Pusher Allows Session Token Interception Leading to Potential Hijacking"
}
GHSA-4HFH-6X8G-GWPP
Vulnerability from github – Published: 2026-06-09 06:31 – Updated: 2026-07-30 15:16A WebFlux application with a compromised subdomain (for example, compromised via cross-site scripting (XSS)) is vulnerable to an escalation attack exchanging a known session ID for that of an authenticated user.
Affected versions: Spring Framework 7.0.0 through 7.0.7; 6.2.0 through 6.2.18; 6.1.0 through 6.1.27; 5.3.0 through 5.3.48.
{
"affected": [
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 7.0.7"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.springframework:spring-webflux"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "7.0.0"
},
{
"fixed": "7.0.8"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"database_specific": {
"last_known_affected_version_range": "\u003c= 6.2.18"
},
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.springframework:spring-webflux"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "6.2.0"
},
{
"fixed": "6.2.19"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.springframework:spring-webflux"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "6.1.0"
},
{
"last_affected": "6.1.21"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
},
{
"package": {
"ecosystem": "Maven",
"name": "org.springframework:spring-webflux"
},
"ranges": [
{
"events": [
{
"introduced": "0"
},
{
"last_affected": "5.3.39"
}
],
"type": "ECOSYSTEM"
}
]
}
],
"aliases": [
"CVE-2026-41839"
],
"database_specific": {
"cwe_ids": [
"CWE-384"
],
"github_reviewed": true,
"github_reviewed_at": "2026-07-30T15:16:57Z",
"nvd_published_at": "2026-06-09T05:16:35Z",
"severity": "MODERATE"
},
"details": "A WebFlux application with a compromised subdomain (for example, compromised via cross-site scripting (XSS)) is vulnerable to an escalation attack exchanging a known session ID for that of an authenticated user.\n\nAffected versions:\nSpring Framework 7.0.0 through 7.0.7; 6.2.0 through 6.2.18; 6.1.0 through 6.1.27; 5.3.0 through 5.3.48.",
"id": "GHSA-4hfh-6x8g-gwpp",
"modified": "2026-07-30T15:16:57Z",
"published": "2026-06-09T06:31:57Z",
"references": [
{
"type": "ADVISORY",
"url": "https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-41839"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework/issues/36742"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework/issues/36743"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework/commit/b8ddd2c690fe3f00bb5e3d9f913a37504aab49a0"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework/commit/d72da90d3a562632e2b565113813f7b4a31f8717"
},
{
"type": "PACKAGE",
"url": "https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework/releases/tag/v6.2.19"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-framework/releases/tag/v7.0.8"
},
{
"type": "WEB",
"url": "https://spring.io/security/cve-2026-41839"
}
],
"schema_version": "1.4.0",
"severity": [
{
"score": "CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N",
"type": "CVSS_V3"
}
],
"summary": "Spring Framework Escalation via Session Fixation in WebFlux"
}
Mitigation
Invalidate any existing session identifiers prior to authorizing a new user session.
Mitigation
For platforms such as ASP that do not generate new values for sessionid cookies, utilize a secondary cookie. In this approach, set a secondary cookie on the user's browser to a random value and set a session variable to the same value. If the session variable and the cookie value ever don't match, invalidate the session, and force the user to log on again.
Mitigation MIT-29
Strategy: Firewall
Use an application firewall that can detect attacks against this weakness. It can be beneficial in cases in which the code cannot be fixed (because it is controlled by a third party), as an emergency prevention measure while more comprehensive software assurance measures are applied, or to provide defense in depth [REF-1481].
CAPEC-196: Session Credential Falsification through Forging
An attacker creates a false but functional session credential in order to gain or usurp access to a service. Session credentials allow users to identify themselves to a service after an initial authentication without needing to resend the authentication information (usually a username and password) with every message. If an attacker is able to forge valid session credentials they may be able to bypass authentication or piggy-back off some other authenticated user's session. This attack differs from Reuse of Session IDs and Session Sidejacking attacks in that in the latter attacks an attacker uses a previous or existing credential without modification while, in a forging attack, the attacker must create their own credential, although it may be based on previously observed credentials.
CAPEC-21: Exploitation of Trusted Identifiers
An adversary guesses, obtains, or "rides" a trusted identifier (e.g. session ID, resource ID, cookie, etc.) to perform authorized actions under the guise of an authenticated user or service.
CAPEC-31: Accessing/Intercepting/Modifying HTTP Cookies
This attack relies on the use of HTTP Cookies to store credentials, state information and other critical data on client systems. There are several different forms of this attack. The first form of this attack involves accessing HTTP Cookies to mine for potentially sensitive data contained therein. The second form involves intercepting this data as it is transmitted from client to server. This intercepted information is then used by the adversary to impersonate the remote user/session. The third form is when the cookie's content is modified by the adversary before it is sent back to the server. Here the adversary seeks to convince the target server to operate on this falsified information.
CAPEC-39: Manipulating Opaque Client-based Data Tokens
In circumstances where an application holds important data client-side in tokens (cookies, URLs, data files, and so forth) that data can be manipulated. If client or server-side application components reinterpret that data as authentication tokens or data (such as store item pricing or wallet information) then even opaquely manipulating that data may bear fruit for an Attacker. In this pattern an attacker undermines the assumption that client side tokens have been adequately protected from tampering through use of encryption or obfuscation.
CAPEC-59: Session Credential Falsification through Prediction
This attack targets predictable session ID in order to gain privileges. The attacker can predict the session ID used during a transaction to perform spoofing and session hijacking.
CAPEC-60: Reusing Session IDs (aka Session Replay)
This attack targets the reuse of valid session ID to spoof the target system in order to gain privileges. The attacker tries to reuse a stolen session ID used previously during a transaction to perform spoofing and session hijacking. Another name for this type of attack is Session Replay.
CAPEC-61: Session Fixation
The attacker induces a client to establish a session with the target software using a session identifier provided by the attacker. Once the user successfully authenticates to the target software, the attacker uses the (now privileged) session identifier in their own transactions. This attack leverages the fact that the target software either relies on client-generated session identifiers or maintains the same session identifiers after privilege elevation.